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Rothenburg ob der Tauber in Ansbach, Bavaria, Germany — Central Europe
 

Galgen- oder Würzburger-Tor
⎯⎯⎯
Gallows Gate

Rothenburg ob der Tauber

 
 
Galgen- oder Würzburger-Tor / Gallows Gate - German Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 19, 2024
1. Galgen- oder Würzburger-Tor / Gallows Gate - German Marker
Inscription.  
German:
Galgen- oder Würzburger-Tor
Seinen zweiten Namen erhielt das Würzburger Tor aufgrund der Tatsache, dass in Richtung Osten der Weg zum sogenannten Köpfenwieslein, und der Richtstätte mit dem Galgen führte. Das Würzburger Tor wurde am Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs teilweise zerstört und ist deshalb heute nicht mehr in seiner ursprünglichen Form erhalten.

Der beeindruckende Tor-Turm wurde nach der ersten Stadterweiterung um 1388 errichtet. Er wurde jedoch in den folgenden Jahrhunderten mehrfach durch Blitzschlag zerstört und neu erbaut.

Nach 1430 sicherte man ihn durch ein Vorwerk bzw. einen Zwinger, einen breiten Graben und einen Wall, die mit einer Zugbrücke verbunden waren. In der Höhe des Walls legte man zunächst einen Fanghof wiederum mit Zwinger und Vortor an, so dass insgesamt 5 Tore dem möglichen Feind entgegengerichtet waren. Diese Vorwerke wurden bereits um 1840 abgetragen.

Die Dimensionen des Grabens sind heute noch zum Teil auf der nördlichen Seite der Anlage erkennbar.

Befestigungsgraben
Reste des mittelalterlichen Befestigungsgrabens sind nur noch an wenigen Stellen stark überformt
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erhalten. Um das Kummereck, der wegen der ungünstigen Topographie „verletzlichen" Ecke der Befestigungsanlage, sind die beachtlichen Dimensionen des Grabensystems noch heute gut zu erkennen.

Rechtsprechung und Strafen im Mittelalter:
Die Stadt besaß seit 1368 die Blutgerichtsbarkeit über ihre Untertanen. Straftaten wie Diebstahl, Ehebruch, Gotteslästerung wurden ebenso vor Ort geahndet wie z.B. Raub oder Mord. Von Pranger-Strafen über Zwicken mit glühendem Eisen bis hin zum Henken bzw. Köpfen gab es grausame Strafen in dieser Zeit.

Gefängniszellen wurden hauptsächlich im „Büttelhaus" neben dem Markusturm vorgehalten, welches heute das Stadtarchiv beherbergt.

Als Symbol der Rechtshoheit einer freien Reichsstadt existierte das Rechtsinstitut der Blutgerichtsbarkeit" bis zu Beginn des 19. Jhd.

Einen breiten Überblick über Rechtsinstrumente und Strafen des Mittelalters und der Frühen Neuzeit vermittelt das Rothenburger Kriminalmuseum. Es zählt zu den bedeutendsten Rechtskundemuseen Europas und ist das bedeutendste Museum dieser Art in Deutschland. Es zeigt viele Ausstellungsstücke des vormodernen Rechts- und Strafvollzugs.

Bildunterschriften
Galgentor
Historische
Galgen- oder Würzburger-Tor / Gallows Gate - English Marker image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 19, 2024
2. Galgen- oder Würzburger-Tor / Gallows Gate - English Marker
Ansicht: „Würzburger Tor" bzw. „Galgentor"


English:
Gallows Gate
This gate faces the direction of Würzburg - so it's also called the Wurzburg Gate. But it most common name derives from the fact that it led to the place for execution by hanging. It was partially destroyed at the end of the World War II. While rebuilt, it's not in its original form.

Study the design of this impressive gate tower complex, complete with moat and drawbridge. The gate tower was originally built following the first extension of the town. In the next century, however, it was destroyed by lightning strike and rebuilt. After 1430, it was made more secure by building an outer bailey, a broad ditch, and a wall, connected to a drawbridge. In the following years, a bastion (level with the walls) was constructed with a bailey and a forward gate.

Eventually there were five gates with defenses sure to frustrate any attacker. Some of the fortifications were removed around 1840 - when all these defenses no seemed so necessary.

Defensive moat
Remnants of the once-impressive medieval moats remain visible in only a few places. Around the Kummereck, where
The Gallows Gate Markers are located on the right side of the Gallows Gate image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 19, 2024
3. The Gallows Gate Markers are located on the right side of the Gallows Gate
the corner of the fortifications is exposed, you can still appreciate the formidable extent of the moat system. This stretch of the moat is now used as a soccer field.

Judgments in the Middle Ages:
The Little Head Meadow ("Köpfleinswiese") - A Gruesome Place! Starting in 1368, the town had the right to exercise capital judgment over its subjects-known as "Blood Court." Much as crime-weary Americans embraced draconian "Three Strikes" laws in the late 20th century, medieval Rothenburgers dealt with crimes such as theft, adultery, and blasphemy in the same manner as serious crimes such as robbery and murder. Being placed in the stocks, branding, hanging, and beheading were some of the gruesome punishments handed down in those times. As a symbol of the authority of an imperial town, the "Blood Court" existed until about 1800.

With all these towers named for prisons and a heritage of gruesome punishments, it's no wonder Rothenburg has the most important museum of medieval crime and punishment in Germany. Don't miss the Rothenburg Crime Museum, just off the Market Square.

Captions
Gallows gate
Historical view of the "Gallows
The Gallows Gate and Tower image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 19, 2024
4. The Gallows Gate and Tower
Gate"

 
Erected by Rothenburg Tourism Service.
 
Topics. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Forts and CastlesIndustry & CommerceLaw EnforcementSettlements & Settlers. A significant historical year for this entry is 1430.
 
Location. 49° 22.781′ N, 10° 11.037′ E. Marker is in Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Bayern (Bavaria), in Ansbach. It is at the intersection of Galgengasse and Vorm Würzburger Tor, on the right when traveling west on Galgengasse. The marker is located on the right side of the entrance to the Gallows Tower and Gate. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: Galgengasse 53, Rothenburg ob der Tauber BY 91541, Germany. Touch for directions.

Regionally, it is in Europe, the European Union, Atlantic Europe, Central Europe, the Schengen Area, Western Europe, and the Western World. Historically, it finds itself in what was once the Holy Roman Empire.

Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker: Galgentorturm / Gallows Gate Tower (here, next to this marker); Streichwehr / Invasion Defence (about 120 meters away, measured
The Broad Defensive Moat in front of the Gallows Tower and Gate image. Click for full size.
Photographed by James Hulse, February 19, 2024
5. The Broad Defensive Moat in front of the Gallows Tower and Gate
in a direct line); Thomasturm / Thomas Tower (about 150 meters away); Henkersturm / Executioner's Storm (about 210 meters away); Zum Gedenken an Unsere / In Memory of our Jewish Fellow Citizens (approx. 0.3 kilometers away); Rabbi-Meir-Gärtchen und „Judentanzhaus" / Rabbi-Meir-Garden and the Former Jewish Community Hall (approx. 0.3 kilometers away); Rabbi Meir ben Baruch von Rothenburg (approx. 0.4 kilometers away); Büttelhaus / Bailiff's House (approx. 0.4 kilometers away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Rothenburg ob der Tauber.
 
Also see . . .  City wall and city gates. Rothenburg Tourism Service (Submitted on March 7, 2024, by James Hulse of Medina, Texas.) 
 
 
Credits. This page was last revised on March 8, 2024. It was originally submitted on March 7, 2024, by James Hulse of Medina, Texas. This page has been viewed 178 times since then and 22 times this year. Photos:   1, 2, 3, 4, 5. submitted on March 8, 2024, by James Hulse of Medina, Texas.
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Aug. 28, 2026