Horses and High Wheels

Horses and High Wheels. . With an ingenious mechanism, horses lifted and pulled huge, heavy logs over rugged terrain., Photo caption 1 , Use your imagination for a moment and step back in time. From 1916 to 1929, the nearby forest was bustling with more than 200 “high wheel” log skidders. Each was pulled by four draft horses - big, heavy animals well-trained in logging. Over rough ground and logging slash, these gentle giants hauled their heavy loads year round. , Photo caption 2 , Moving big logs over rugged terrain made early logging difficult and challenging. Trees had to be felled, moved by high wheels about a quarter mile to landings, and loaded into railroad cars headed for the mill., Trees were felled and cut into 16’ lengths with crosscut saws. Each team of horses hauled one to three logs, whatever could fit underneath the wheels., Photo caption 3 , Using one or two horses, a “buncherman” would pile the logs into tight stacks. Then, using a small shovel, it was the job of the “gopherman” to dig a tunnel underneath the logs for the chain that was wrapped around the logs and attached to the high wheel., Photo caption 4 , The cleverness of the high wheel skidder’s design was revealed when the horses drew ahead. The sliding tongue pulled out and hoisted the front end of the logs off the ground. Friction was greatly reduced making hauling the logs much easier. When going downhill, the tongue slide backwards, dropping the logs so they could act as a brake, preventing the heavy load from catching up to the horses., Photo caption 5 , In 1929, diesel replaced hay. Able to pull twice as much weight, diesel tractors usurped the horses and an era passed. The photo above shows how the wheels were reinforced with steel to brace them for heavier loads , These 11-foot high wheels weigh 1,500 pounds each and are constructed of white oak spokes and eucalyptus axles. Eucalyptus is naturally oily and lubricates the wheels., Photo caption 6 , Listen to them now, as they squeak and groan under the weight of their heavy loads. Smell the fresh cut ponderosa pine; the scent of sagebrush mixed with dust. Hear the horses as they snort and blow and their huge, steel shod hooves clink against the lava, while strong, sweating men chip away at bark and heartwood with axe and crosscut saw until another forest giant falls to the call of “TIMBER!”, The horse drawn high wheel before you can was witness to these sights and sounds of early logging near Bend.