Cross Keys in Rockingham County, Virginia — The American South (Mid-Atlantic)
Lying in Wait
"A Bengal Tiger Ready to Spring"
| — | The Battle of Cross Keys (June 8, 1862) | — |
Midday
Confederate Gen. Isaac Trimble’s brigade were first positioned a half mile behind you. Unhappy with that ground, Trimble personally scouted ahead and found this strong defensive position behind a fence, with a field of clover in front. At the time of the battle the ground around and behind you was wooded, offering concealment for Trimble’s men.
Trimble moved his regiments forward through the trees and deployed them on this line. The 21st Georgia arrived first and laid down behind the fence. The 16th Mississippi deployed to the Georgians’ right, crawling forward on their “hands and knees” before poking “their guns through the fence.” The 15th Alabama moved to the far right, anchoring the line on a ravine, “concealed from the enemy’s view.”
The Union advance, led by the 8th New York Infantry, soon approached. Confederate skirmishers in the open ground fell back and joined the main line. The Federals themselves deployed no skirmishers, a costly mistake that meant they had no warning of the peril that lay ahead.
Col. James Cantey, commander of the 15th Alabama, told his men, “Hold your fire, boys, until you can see the white of their eyes.” Col. John Mercer of the 21st Georgia bluntly declared “that if and man fired before he gave the order to fire, he would have him shot.”
As the Union troops advanced, they marched into the depression in the ground in front of you and temporarily disappeared from view. “There we lay,” Pvt. William McClendon recalled, “as a Bengal tiger when he crouches down ready to spring upon his unsuspected prey.” When the northerners advanced out of the hollow and came back into view, they were mere yards to your front. The decisive moment of the Battle of Cross Keys had arrived.
(captions)
Confederate Col. John Mercer, 21st Georgia. He was later killed in action at Plymouth, North Carolina.
Confederate Lt. James Ellison, 15th Alabama. He was later killed during the attack on Little Round Top at Gettysburg.
(map) You Are Here
This marker was made possible through the generosity of Irvin and Nancy Hess.
Erected 2025 by Shenandoah Valley Battlefields Foundation.
Topics. This historical marker is listed in this topic list: War, US Civil. A significant historical date for this entry is June 8, 1862.
Location. 38° 20.962′ N, 78° 49.46′ W. Marker is in Cross Keys, Virginia, in Rockingham County. It can be reached from Port Republic Road (Virginia Route 253) ¼ mile north of Battlefield Road ( Route 679), on the right when traveling north. There is a small parking lot for this portion of the battlefield 500ft north of the intersection of Port Republic Road and Battlefield Road on the right when traveling north. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Harrisonburg VA 22801, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Regionally, this marker is in Virginia’s Shenandoah Valley. It is also in the American South and specifically in the Upper South. Globally, it is in North America, the Western Hemisphere, the Western World, and the Anglosphere. Historically, it finds itself in what was once the territory of the Mississippian Culture, one of the original Thirteen Colonies, one of the Confederate States of America, and the Antebellum South.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker: Death in the Clover (within shouting distance of this marker); The Confederate Barrage (about 300 feet away, measured in a direct line); Marching to Disaster (about 300 feet away); The Attack's Aftermath (about 300 feet away); The 8th New York Advances (about 400 feet away); The Slaughter of the 8th New York (about 600 feet away); Cross Keys Battlefield (about 800 feet away); The Attack on Buell's Battery (approx. 0.4 miles away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Cross Keys.
Other markers no longer nearby. Battle of Cross Keys (was about 400 feet away but has been permanently removed); a different marker also named Battle of Cross Keys (was approx. 0.2 miles away but has been confirmed missing); a different marker also named Battle of Cross Keys (was approx. 0.2 miles away but has been confirmed missing); a different marker also named Battle of Cross Keys (was approx. 0.2 miles away but has been confirmed missing); a different marker also named Battle of Cross Keys (was approx. 0.4 miles away but has been replaced with another marker now near it).
Credits. This page was last revised on July 31, 2025. It was originally submitted on April 11, 2025, by Jay Richardson of Winchester, Virginia. This page has been viewed 259 times since then and 19 times this year. Photos: 1, 2. submitted on April 11, 2025, by Jay Richardson of Winchester, Virginia. 3. submitted on July 31, 2025, by Bradley Owen of Morgantown, West Virginia. 4. submitted on July 29, 2025, by Bradley Owen of Morgantown, West Virginia. • Bernard Fisher was the editor who published this page.



