Near Wilmington in New Castle County, Delaware — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
Brandywine Blue Gneiss and Barley Mill Gneiss
metamorphic

Photographed by Devry Becker Jones (CC0), April 27, 2025
1. Brandywine Blue Gneiss and Barley Mill Gneiss Marker
These boulders started out as igneous rocks formed beneath offshore volcanic islands. They contained the minerals quartz, plagioclase feldspar, and pyroxene. During the Taconic Orogeny they were subjected to extreme temperatures and pressures, metamorphosing them to the gneiss rocks we see today. The Brandywine Blue Gneiss appears darker because it is finer grained, more metaorphosed, and more deformed than the Barley Mill Gneiss.
Brandywine Blue Gneiss is a common rock in this area and can be seen in many rock walls, cobblestones, and buildings, and alongside many fields north of Wilmington. When freshly broken, it has a gray-bluish color.
Barley Mill Gneiss is abundant along Barley Mill Road. You have most likely seen boulders of it along roadsides in woods, fields, and landscaping.
Can you tell the Brandywine Blue Gneiss from the Barley Mill Gneiss?
Hint: Look for the blue color
Do you see the alternating light and dark bands in these rocks? the twists and folds?
Do you know a baseball team named after Brandywine Blue Gneiss?
Wilmington Blue Rocks
The original Wilmington Blue Rocks baseball team was a quarry league team from a "blue rock" quarry.
Erected by Delaware Museum of Nature & Science.
Topics. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Industry & Commerce • Natural Features • Sports.
Location. 39° 47.958′ N, 75° 36.591′ W. Marker is near Wilmington, Delaware, in New Castle County. It is on Kennett Pike (Delaware Route 52) north of Old Gatehouse Road, on the right when traveling south. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 4840 Kennett Pike, Wilmington DE 19807, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Regionally, this marker is in Greater Philadelphia. It is also in the American Mid-Atlantic, on the Delmarva Peninsula, and on the Eastern Seaboard. Globally, it is in the North Atlantic Region, North America, the Western Hemisphere, the Western World, and the Anglosphere. Historically, it finds itself in what was once New Netherland and also one of the original Thirteen Colonies.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker: Iron Hill Iron Ore and Chert (here, next to this marker); Gabbro (here, next to this marker); Sillimanite (a

Photographed by Devry Becker Jones (CC0), April 27, 2025
2. Brandywine Blue Gneiss and Barley Mill Gneiss Marker
Additional commentary.
1. About the marker
This sign serves as a historical marker because it shares how the Wilmington Blue Rocks got their name.
— Submitted April 30, 2025, by Devry Becker Jones of Washington, District of Columbia.

Photographed by Devry Becker Jones (CC0), April 27, 2025
3. Brandywine Blue Gneiss and Barley Mill Gneiss Marker
Credits. This page was last revised on April 30, 2025. It was originally submitted on April 30, 2025, by Devry Becker Jones of Washington, District of Columbia. This page has been viewed 258 times since then and 86 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3. submitted on April 30, 2025, by Devry Becker Jones of Washington, District of Columbia.