Maryland, My Maryland Monument

, No state's role in the War Between the States is more misunderstood than that of Maryland often described as a Union state. It must be noted that this status was imposed with the force of arms and military might., Maryland shared deep cultural and political bonds with other Southern states but found itself geographically isolated by the federal capital located to its south and what would become West Virginia to its west., The events of April 19th 1861 marked a pivotal moment for Maryland as troops of the 6th Massachusetts Volunteers entered the state in repsonse to President Abraham Lincoln's unconstitutional call for 75,000 troops to drive the seven seceding Southern states back into the Union. This led to a violent confrontation between Baltimore citizens and the Massachusetts troops, resulting in the first combat related fatalities of the war. Five members of the 6th Massachusetts as well as twelve Baltimoreans were killed in the confrontation, including William R. Clark who had recently enlisted in Confederate service and was awaiting transport., By May 13th, federal troops had occupied the state, instituted martial law, and initiated untold violations of Marylanders' constitutional rights including the suspension of habeas corpus. The arrest of state and local officials including Mayland's US Congressman Henry May, the imprisonment of newspaper editors, and the physical assault of the Judge Richard Carmichael while he presided over a trial., James Ryder Randall so poignantly chronicled this era in what would become our state song.,

"The despot's heel is on thy shore, Maryland, my Maryland! His torch is at thy temple door. Maryland, My Maryland! Avenge the patriotic gore that flecked the streets of Baltimore, and be the battle queen of yore. Maryland, my Maryland!"

, Maryland remembers with honor the valor and devotion of more than 22,000 sons who served in the Confederate States of America's army, navy, and marine corps. They served in the Maryland Line, as well as other units across the Confederacy. Maryland units included the 1st and 2nd Maryland Infantry, the 1st and 2nd Maryland Infantry, the 2nd (Baltimore Light), 3rd (Latrobe's Battery), and the 4th (Chesapeake Battery) Maryland Artillery., Also remembered is the sacrifice of countless civilian men, women and children who supported the war effort by acting as guides, couriers, medical personnel, blockade runners and spies., Seventeen officers from Maryland served as flag officers in command positions including Generals James Archer, Joseph Brent, ARnold Elzey, Bradley T. Johnson, Lewis Little, Mansfield Lvoell, William Mackall, George H. "Maryland" Steuart Allen, Thomas Lloyd Tilghman, Isaac R. Trimble, Robert Tyler, Charles Winder and John Winder in naval service were Admiral Franklin Buchanan, the Confederacy's highest ranking naval officer Admiral Raphael Semmes, Commander of the CSS Alabama, and Commodore Nicholas Hollins., Other notable Marylanders in Confederate service include Colonel William Norris, head of the Confederate Secret Service, Joseph Ridgaway second in command of the H. L. Hunely the first submarine to sink an enemy ship, and Rose O'Neal Greenhow, a Confederate spy and the only woman to be buried with full military honors by the Confederacy., Noteworthy Marylanders recognized for gallantry and the posthumous award of the Confederate Medal of Honor include Private B. Welch Owens of the 1st Maryland Artillery, Quartermaster Joseph Ridgaway of the H. L. Hunley and Major James Breathed of the Stuart Horse Artillery.,