The Stonewall Brigade at Pughtown

The Stonewall Brigade at Pughtown. January 1862. , On a spring-like morning of January 1, 1862, the newly-promoted Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson set out from Winchester on the Bath-Romney campaign. This was the first step in Jackson's expedition to Romney in an effort to retake control of western Virginia from Union forces. The division of four brigades, including the Stonewall Brigade, was assembled in Winchester by Christmas, 1861. Approximately 2,000 men were left to defend Winchester while 9,000 embarked on the expedition., The soldiers, beguiled by the unseasonably warm weather and inexperienced with campaigning, piled their blankets and jackets in the supply wagons. The march was initially easy going over level ground from Winchester on the North Frederick Pike (highlighted in green on the map below), and morale was high. John H. Grabill of the 33^rd Virginia Volunteer Infantry wrote that although the roads became more difficult as they left Winchester, "the men moved along very cheerfully, hoping to have a chance to meet the wretches who are devastating this portion of the Old Dominion.", The supply wagons, however, were strung out far behind and moving at a more leisurely pace. Quartermaster John Harman had remained in Winchester to recover from tonsillitis and was not present to spur the supply wagons to keep pace. What started as the usual chaos of a moving army was soon to become a nightmare of hunger and deprivation for the soldiers., Weather conditions deteriorated as the day progressed, with the wind shifting to the northwest and the temperatures plummeting. Near sundown, the column halted here at Pughtown (Gainesboro), having covered approximately eight miles. The soldiers sheltered from the winds in the Pughtown Hollow, visible as you look ahead on Gainesboro Road, many without their blankets or jackets to warm themselves against the cold. Food, too, was left miles behind the column on the supply wagons and many soldiers went without supper., The Stonewall Brigade continued to Unger's Store over the mountainous terrain through blizzard-like conditions, wagons still miles to their rear. Finally as the soldiers dug out of the snow on the morning of January 3, the supply wagons had caught up. By this time the men had gone thirty hours without food and had slept on the frozen ground, some without blankets. This hardship was just a small foreshadowing of the harsh weather conditions yet to be endured by the men of the Stonewall Brigade on the Bath-Romney Campaign., [Sidebar:] , Private Peter Lauck Kurtz of Company A of the Fifth Regiment of Virginia Infantry of the Stonewall Brigade is one of the men who endured the march to Romney. While he survived the harsh conditions of the march and the privations of Camp Mud, he was admitted to a hospital on September 15, 1862 with an undisclosed illness. Returning to service in October 1863, he was taken prisoner at Fisher's Hill in September 1864. After spending time in a quarantine hospital at Fort Columbus on Governor's Island in New York City, he was part of a prisoner exchange in February or March of 1865. After the war, he returned to his life in Winchester as a printer and a founder of the Winchester News. His obituary in the Shenandoah Herald on December 20, 1895 reported "Kurtz was a gallant soldier … from the beginning of the war until he stacked his musket at Appomattox." . This historical marker is in Gainesboro in Frederick County Virginia