Loch Raven in Towson in Baltimore County, Maryland — The American Northeast (Mid-Atlantic)
Lynching in America ⎯⎯⎯ Lynching of Howard Cooper
Community Remembrance Project
Photographed by Devry Becker Jones (CC0), June 5, 2021
1. Lynching in America side of the marker
Inscription.
Lynching in America, also, Lynching of Howard Cooper. Community Remembrance Project.
Lynching in America . At least 6,500 Black people were the victims of racial terror lynching in the United States between 1865 and 1950. After the Civil War, violent resistance to equal rights for African Americans and an ideology of white supremacy led to fatal violence against Black women, men, and children who were frequently falsely accused of violating social norms or crimes. Though Maryland had not joined the Confederacy, in 1860 more than 87,000 Black people were enslaved in the state where slavery remained legal. The Emancipation Proclamation did not authorize freedom for enslaved Black people in states outside the Confederacy, like Maryland. Resistance to emancipation by white enslavers in these states was often strong as they believed they should be rewarded for not joining the South's rebellion. Racial violence and lynching emerged post-emancipation as a form of terrorism intended to intimidate Black people and reinforce racial hierarchy and segregation. Burdened by presumptions of guilt and menace, thousands of Black people were lynched for resisting exploitation, violating social customs, or being falsely accused. Millions of Black people were forced to flee their homes and lands for more secure communities in the North or West. The names of many victims of racial terror lynchings will never e known, but at least 40 lynchings have been documented in Maryland.,
Lynching of Howard Cooper . On July 13, 1885, a white mob lynched Howard Cooper, a 15-year old Black child, here at the former Baltimore County Jail. Months earlier, Howard was accused of the assault and rape of a white woman near Rockland, and fled. During this era, accusation of Black-on-white rape or assault required no credible support, and Black people were often lynched for things they did not do. Howard was caught on the Edward Rider farm and transferred to Baltimore City, as angry white men threatened his life. In May, an all-white jury found Howard guilty of assault and rape, even though the victim did not testify she was raped. The jury never left the courtroom, reaching its verdict in less than a minute. The rape conviction triggered the death penalty. Howard was transferred back to Towson as his attorneys appealed his conviction to the state's highest court. That appeal was denied. Rev. Harvey Johnson of Union Baptist Church led a campaign to fund an appeal to the US Supreme Court, but in July a white mob unlawfully stormed the jail, dragged the 15-year old from his cell and hanged him from a nearby sycamore tree. Howard's body was displayed so angry white residents and local train passengers could see his corpse. Later, pieces of the rope were given away as souvenirs. Howard's mother, Henrietta, collected her child's remains and buried him in an unmarked grave in Ruxton. No one was ever held accountable for her son's lynching.
Lynching in America
At least 6,500 Black people were the victims of racial terror lynching in the United States between 1865 and 1950. After the Civil War, violent resistance to equal rights for African Americans and an ideology of white supremacy led to fatal violence against Black women, men, and children who were frequently falsely accused of violating social norms or crimes. Though Maryland had not joined the Confederacy, in 1860 more than 87,000 Black people were enslaved in the state where slavery remained legal. The Emancipation Proclamation did not authorize freedom for enslaved Black people in states outside the Confederacy, like Maryland. Resistance to emancipation by white enslavers in these states was often strong as they believed they should be rewarded for not joining the South's rebellion. Racial violence and lynching emerged post-emancipation as a form of terrorism intended to intimidate Black people and reinforce racial hierarchy and segregation. Burdened by presumptions of guilt and menace, thousands of Black people were lynched for resisting exploitation, violating social customs, or being falsely accused. Millions of Black people were forced to flee their homes and lands for more secure communities in the North or West. The names of many victims of racial terror lynchings will never
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e known, but at least 40 lynchings have been documented in Maryland.
Lynching of Howard Cooper
On July 13, 1885, a white mob lynched Howard Cooper, a 15-year old Black child, here at the former Baltimore County Jail. Months earlier, Howard was accused of the assault and rape of a white woman near Rockland, and fled. During this era, accusation of Black-on-white rape or assault required no credible support, and Black people were often lynched for things they did not do. Howard was caught on the Edward Rider farm and transferred to Baltimore City, as angry white men threatened his life. In May, an all-white jury found Howard guilty of assault and rape, even though the victim did not testify she was raped. The jury never left the courtroom, reaching its verdict in less than a minute. The rape conviction triggered the death penalty. Howard was transferred back to Towson as his attorneys appealed his conviction to the state's highest court. That appeal was denied. Rev. Harvey Johnson of Union Baptist Church led a campaign to fund an appeal to the US Supreme Court, but in July a white mob unlawfully stormed the jail, dragged the 15-year old from his cell and hanged him from a nearby sycamore tree. Howard's body was displayed so angry white residents and local train passengers could see his corpse. Later, pieces of the rope were given away as souvenirs.
Photographed by Devry Becker Jones (CC0), June 5, 2021
2. Lynching of Howard Cooper side of the marker
Howard's mother, Henrietta, collected her child's remains and buried him in an unmarked grave in Ruxton. No one was ever held accountable for her son's lynching.
Erected 2021 by Maryland Lynching Memorial Project, Equal Justice Initiative.
Topics and series. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: African Americans • Civil Rights • Law Enforcement. In addition, it is included in the Lynching in America series list. A significant historical date for this entry is July 13, 1885.
Location. 39° 23.885′ N, 76° 36.48′ W. Marker is in Towson, Maryland, in Baltimore County. It is in Loch Raven. It is at the intersection of Courthouse Court and Bosley Avenue (Maryland Route 45), on the left when traveling south on Courthouse Court. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 200 Courthouse Ct, Towson MD 21204, United States of America. Touch for directions.
Regionally, this marker is in Central Maryland. It is also in the American Mid-Atlantic and in the Chesapeake Bay Region. Globally, it is in the North Atlantic Region, North America, the Western Hemisphere, the Western World, and the Anglosphere. Historically, it finds itself in what was once one of the original Thirteen Colonies and also the Antebellum South.
A Replica marker of one side is located at the Equal Justice Initiatives' National Memorial for Peace and Justice in Montgomery, Alabama. The Equal Justice Initiative supports efforts to locally memorialize documented victims of racial violence and to educate communities about the history of racial injustice. Mark Hilton
Credits. This page was last revised on October 15, 2024. It was originally submitted on June 7, 2021, by Devry Becker Jones of Washington, District of Columbia. This page has been viewed 693 times since then and 21 times this year. Photos:1, 2, 3. submitted on June 7, 2021, by Devry Becker Jones of Washington, District of Columbia. 4. submitted on October 14, 2024, by Brandon D Cross of Flagler Beach, Florida.
