General Anthony Wayne

General Anthony Wayne. Edward P. Moran, 1923.

O beautiful for patriot dream that sees beyond the years thine alabaster cities gleam undimmed by human tears America! America! God shed his grace on thee and crown thy good with brotherhood from sea to shining sea!. Katherine Lee Bates - 1893

Major General Anthony Wayne Born January 1, 1745 Died December 15, 1796, General Wayne was a trusted, reliable commander for General Washington's Continental troops during the American Revolutionary War. Washington praised Wayne for his "judgement and bravery." In 1779, Wayne received a gold medal from Congress for his success at Stony Point, New York.,

Wayne's Service Record: Invaded Quebec, Canada 1776 Suffered a leg wound, Battle of Three Rivers Commanded Fort Ticonderoga 1776 Fought in the Battles of Brandywine, Germantown and Paoli of the Philadelphia Campaign 1777 Valley Forge Encampment 1777 - 1778 Fought in the Battle of Monmouth Courthouse 1778 Fought in the Battle of Stony Point, suffered a scalp wound 1779 Assigned to General Lafayette and sent to Virginia 1781 Yorktown Campaign 1781 Served under General Greene in South Carolina and Georgia Helped clean up Tory activity and Indian attacks in Georgia 1782 Promoted to Major General and retired from the Army after Washington's farewell address in 1783 Battle of Stony Point July 16, 1779

"Our officers and men behaved like men who are determined to be free." Anthony Wayne

Washington's Indian Wars 1790-1795 Wayne's Ohio Campaign 1792-1795, After the failed attempts by Generals Josiah Harmar (1790) and Arthur St. Clair (1791) to subdue the Indians, President Washington appointed Anthony Wayne in 1792 to become Commander in Chief of America's first standing army. He formed "Wayne's Legion" over a two-year period beginning at Fort Fayette, then Legionville, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Wayne moved down the Ohio River to Fort Washington (Cincinnati) in 1793 and established his force at nearby Hobson's Choice. He soon established his new base camp at Fort Greene Ville and built Fort Recovery at the site of St. Clair's defeat. After Indians attacked Fort Recovery from June 30 to July 1, 1794, Wayne decided to move towards the Grand Glaize (Defiance) traversing through the Great Black Swamp and down the Auglaize River reaching the Glaize (confluence of the Maumee and Auglaize Rivers) on August 8 where he would build Fort Defiance. Wayne moved his army across the Maumee on August 15, headed East to the rapids on the Maumee, and set up a forward camp, Fort Deposit (near Roche de Boeuf), on August 18. On August 20, 1794, a detail went forward on a foggy morning and encountered the Indians concealed behind fallen trees. Wayne, notified of the contact, immediately moved his main line forward with dragoons on both flanks. The Battle of Fallen Timbers lasted about one hour before the Indian line began to fade and then flee to Fort Miamis located a short distance away. The British refused them sanctuary, and the Indians dispersed. On August 21, Wayne reappeared before Fort Miamis and proceeded to destroy all usable lands, crops and related materials giving a strong message to the British of American power in the Old Northwest Territory. Wayne recovered his 33 dead and 100 wounded and secured his force. The Legion played a dirge and fired three rounds from their howitzers in honor of their dead before traveling back to Fort Defiance on August 23., Fort Defiance August 1794, Battle of Fallen Timbers August 20, 1794 Infantry engages Indian Line Dragoons protect Wayne's flanks, . "Upon the whole it was a glorious day - Our men are in the spirits - And I am confident we shall give them a total defeat the next action; which is at no great distance." Anthony Wayne, Treaty of Greene Ville Wayne returned to Fort Defiance, reinforced it, and on September 14 traveled to Kekionga, site of Little Turtle's Miami Village and Harmar's defeat, 1790. He built Fort Wayne at the confluence of the St. Joseph and St. Marys rivers projecting American power further into Indian territory. He then traveled to Fort Greene Ville in October and prepared for the negotiation of the Treaty of Greene Ville with all the tribes involved in the Ohio Indian Campaign. Initially, there was not much action. Finally, on February 7, 1795, Bluejacket arrived and met with Wayne. Bluejacket queried if the letter sent out to the Indians was true. Wayne responded in the affirmative. Bluejacket accepted Wayne's word and presented a woman and three men who had been captured to the Americans. The next day, a Delaware Chief representing Buckongehelas announced his people's agreement with Bluejacket. On February 10, an initial peace treaty was signed by Bluejacket and Wayne agreeing to a cease-fire. Bluejacket pledged to return on June 15 with the chiefs who had fought Wayne's Legion to finalize the Greene Ville Treaty., By June 15, chiefs of the various tribes started to arrive as promised. By July 13, most of the important chiefs had arrived; Buckongehelas of the Delaware, Little Turtle of the Miami and Tarhe "The Crane" of the Wyandot. Bluejacket finally arrived on July 28, traveling from Detroit. The formal discussions began and were completed with the tribes signing the treaty on August 3, 1795, except Little Turtle. Finally, on August 12, 1795, Little Turtle, the last of the holdout chiefs, signed the agreement and the Ohio Indian Wars were over. The Indians ceded most of Ohio and large sections of Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. The Old Northwest Territory was opened for settlement., Signing of Treaty August 3, 1795, This memorial is dedicated to Major General Anthony Wayne and his troops, who established the United States and Wayne's Legion, who opened the Ohio Territory and the "Old Northwest."