Chionanthus virginicus (fringetree)

Chionanthus virginicus (fringetree). . , Family: Oleaceae (Olive Family), Distribution: This plant can be found in the eastern United States from New York to Florida and across the south central states. Fringetree is very prominent in the Potomac and New River valleys of West Virginia., Size: 12-36 ft., Habitat/Description: This tree or shrub can be found in damp woods, thickets, and bluffs. It requires partial shade and moist, sandy soil. Between April and May, clusters of white, fragrant flowers produce a hanging, frilly display. Female flowers produce grape-like fruits, which turn purple in mid-summer to early fall. Twigs, foliage, and fruits attract birds and other wildlife for browsing. Fringetree also serves as a nectar source and larval host for rustic sphinx moths. This plant is a native and non-invasive species., Ethnobotanical Uses: Native Americans used a decoction made from the roots or bark to clean wounds and sores. In the 19th century, the bark was used to make an extract given to patients, 10 drops every three hours, in order to treat jaundice. It was also used to relieve congestion of glandular organs, joint pain, and constipation. Today, bark extract is used to treat gall bladder and liver ailments, such as jaundice and hepatitis.