Ostia Antica in Città metropolitana di Roma Capitale, Latium, Rome, Italy — Central Italy (Tyrrhenian Coast)
Ostia Antica: Storia e Sviluppo Urbano
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Ancient Ostia: History and Urban Development
Inscription.
La vicinanza alla foce del Tevere e alle saline costiere costituisce il fattore principale che determinó la nascitae lo sviluppo di Ostia (dal latino ostium, "foce"), dapprima in funzione strategico-militare, poi soprattutto commerciale. La tradizione letteraria fa risalire la fondazione della città al quarto re di Roma, Anco Marcio (ca. 640-616 a.C.), ma i primi resti sono riferibili all'insediamento fortificato (castrum) della colonia romana di IV secolo a.C. Il progressivo sviluppo dell'abitato al di fuori delle mura del castrum comportó, nel I secolo a.C., la necessità di costruire una nuova e più ampia cinta muraria. La città gravitava sui preesistenti assi stradali del Cardine e del Decumano, al cui incrocio sorse il Foro. Con la costruzione e il successivo ampliamento del porto marittimo
a Portus, tra l'epoca di Claudio (42 d.C.) e Traiano (ca. 110 d.C.), Ostia potenziò il proprio ruolo di scalo commerciale di Roma; il conseguente sviluppo economico e demografico si tradusse in uno straordinario impulso edilizio e monumentale, che tra la fine del I e l'inizio del III secolo d.C. rinnovó completamente l'aspetto della città, secondo precisi piani urbanistici. A partire dalla metà del III secolo d.C., anche in relazione a una più generale crisi dell'Impero, inizió il declino di Ostia, che portò al lento e progressivo abbandono di ampie aree della città, anche centrali, dove tuttavia alcune ricche domus si impiantarono su precedenti caseggiati abitazione; rimase vitale più a lungo la zona costiera, gravitante sulla litoranea Via Severiana. Intorno alla metà del VI secolo Ostia doveva essere ormai
in generale stato di abbandono, la popolazione si sposto nell'immediato entroterra, intorno alla chiesa di S. Aurea, dove nel IX secolo sorse il nuovo insediamento fortificato di Gregoriopoli.
Its proximity to the mouth of the Tiber and the coastal salt pans were the main factors leading to the birth and development of Ostia (from the Latin ostium, "river mouth"), first with a strategic military function and later playing a predominantly commercial role. The literary tradition ascribes the foundation of the city to the fourth king of Rome, Ancus Marcius (ca. 640-616 BC), but the earliest remains belong to the fortified settlement (castrum) of the 4th century BC Roman colony. The settlement gradually expanded outside the walls of the castrum and this entailed the need to build a new, larger wall circuit
in the 1st century BC. The city was arranged around the pre-existing streets of the Cardo and Decumanus, and the Forum was built where they crossed. The construction and later enlargement of the maritime port at Portus, between the periods of Claudius (AD 42) and Trajan (ca. AD 110), boosted Ostia's role as Rome's commercial harbour. The resulting economic and demographic development led to an extraordinary residential and monumental construction boom that completely renewed the city's appearance in accordance with specific urban planning policy between the late 1st and early 3rd century AD. From the mid-3rd century AD onwards, in part as the result of a more generalized crisis in the Empire, Ostia began to decline, leading to the slow and gradual abandonment of large areas of the city, even in the centre;
here, however, some luxurious domus (houses) were installed over earlier residential complexes. The coastal zone, gravitating around the Via Severiana next to the sea, retained its vitality for longer. In around the mid-6th century. Ostia must have been in a general state of abandonment: the population moved immediately inland, around the church of St Aurea, where the new fortified settlement of Gregoriopoli sprang up in the 9th century.
Erected by Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities.
Topics. This historical marker is listed in these topic lists: Anthropology & Archaeology • Settlements & Settlers • Waterways & Vessels.
Location. 41° 45.475′ N, 12° 17.815′ E. Marker is in Ostia Antica, Lazio (Latium, Rome), in Città metropolitana di Roma Capitale. It can be reached from Viale degli Scavi. The marker is in Ostia Antica Archaeological Park, a short walk from the entrance. Touch for map. Marker is in this post office area: Ostia Antica, Lazio 00119, Italy. Touch for directions.
Regionally, it is in Europe, the European Union, the Schengen Area, a coastal Mediterranean country, and the Western World. Historically, it finds itself in what was once the Roman Empire.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker: La Necropoli della Via Ostiense / The Via Ostiensis Necropolis (a few steps from this marker); Tomba degli Archetti / Tomb of the Arches (within shouting distance of this marker); The Archeological Area of Ostia Antica / L'Area Archeologica di Ostia Antica (within shouting distance of this marker); Mura Repubblicane — Porta Romana / Republican Walls — Roman Gate (about 120 meters away, measured in a direct line); Magazzini Repubblicani e Caseggiato del Cane Monnus / Republican Warehouses and Cane Monnus Building (about 120 meters away); L'Area a Servizio del Fiume e Il Quartiere Dei Magazzini / Area Serving River and Warehouse District (about 150 meters away); Area Archeologica di Ostia / Archeological Area of Ostia (about 180 meters away); Cippi di Caninio / The Boundary Stones of Gaius Caninius (about 180 meters away). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Ostia Antica.
More about this marker. The marker is found along the city's main entry road, known as Decumanus Maximus. It is about 130 meters east of the Porto Romano, which was the ancient gateway into the city.
Credits. This page was last revised on August 8, 2025. It was originally submitted on August 8, 2025, by Sean P. Flynn of Oak Park, Illinois. This page has been viewed 85 times since then and 15 times this year. Photos: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. submitted on August 8, 2025, by Sean P. Flynn of Oak Park, Illinois.




