On 4th Avenue North west of 17th Street North, on the right when traveling west.
Built 1949, 1622 4th Ave. N.
This small, one-story, brick commercial taxi stand building was
constructed after the passage of a 1930 City of Birmingham
ordinance that required separate taxi services for Blacks
and Whites. Rev. George . . . — — Map (db m188185) HM
On 20th Street North at 5th Avenue North, on the right when traveling north on 20th Street North.
Temple Wilson Tutwiler, II
“Tutwiler Green”, this section of Birmingham Green was so named in a resolution passed by the Birmingham City Council to honor the life and work of Temple Tutwiler II, who contributed greatly to the . . . — — Map (db m27525) HM
On 3rd Avenue North, on the right when traveling east.
Built by the Publix Theater division of Paramount Studios. This movie palace opened on December 26th, 1927. The theatre, in Spanish / Moorish design by Graven and Mayger of Chicago, seated 2500 in a five story, three-tiered auditorium. Paramount's . . . — — Map (db m27337) HM
On Center Street near 11th Court West, on the right when traveling north.
1946
This two-story Queen-Anne-style house at the
corner of Center Street and 11th Court North was built
around 1900 for the Hayes family. White neighbors
objected when they learned the Hayes family sold
their house to a Black couple, . . . — — Map (db m189180) HM
On 19th Street North south of 5th Avenue North, on the right when traveling south.
A key player in the Birmingham civil rights drama was Public Safety
Commissioner Theophilus Eugene Connor. He earned the nickname
"Bull” because of his booming voice as a radio sports announcer. White
voters who supported his politics of racial . . . — — Map (db m187780) HM
On 2nd Avenue North, on the left when traveling west.
This row of buildings from 2009 to 2017 Second Avenue dates from the early years of the 20th century and has undergone a variety of changes and modernizations over the years. Originally part of a larger building that burned in 1944 (now the site of . . . — — Map (db m38563) HM
Birmingham’s first library was organized in 1886 and in 1891 became a subscription library for the general public. In 1908 the Birmingham Public Library Association established a free public library, and the City created an independent Library Board . . . — — Map (db m83856) HM
Near 32nd Street North at 2nd Avenue North, on the left when traveling north.
In the blast furnace the combination of iron ore, flux (limestone and/or dolomite), coke, and hot air produced molten iron and two waste products: molten slag and blast furnace gas. The molten products collected in the bottom of the furnace and . . . — — Map (db m69078) HM
The blast furnace required a tremendous amount of air - about two tons for every ton of iron produced. These three rooms, known collectively as the blower building, house the equipment used to pump air to the furnaces. Workers called this blast of . . . — — Map (db m43628) HM
On 20th Street North, 0.1 miles north of Park Place, on the right when traveling north.
Young Fred loved pulling pranks with the aid of his younger siblings
and friends. He enjoyed going to church every Sunday and began
teaching Sunday School. Because he was so mischievous, his siblings
could hardly believe that his secret goal was . . . — — Map (db m187630) HM
Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South.
One popular element of the park’s original design was a water feature known as the cascade. Cascading fountains were important features in formal European gardens. Their terraced pools and waterfalls animated the landscape with the sounds and . . . — — Map (db m83857) HM
On May 2, 1963, more than 1,000 students skipped school and marched on downtown, gathering at the 16th Street Baptist Church. Bull Connor responded by jailing more than 600 children that day. So the next day, another 1,000 students filled the park . . . — — Map (db m73017) HM
On 6th Avenue North at 18th Street North, on the left when traveling west on 6th Avenue North.
After nearly a month, “Project C” seemed on the verge of collapse. The
presence of Dr. King and the SCLC did not rally Black Birmingham behind
the Movement as leaders hoped. The media began to lose interest and
the White community basically . . . — — Map (db m187840) HM
On 29th Street South at Rhodes Circle South, on the left when traveling north on 29th Street South.
John Valentine Coe, president of Birmingham Lumber and Coal Company, commissioned this two-story Craftsman-Tudor Revival style house in 1908. Coe, who had previously been a lumber merchant in Selma, moved his family and business to Birmingham at the . . . — — Map (db m83858) HM
On 5th Avenue North at 17th Street North, on the left when traveling east on 5th Avenue North.
Rev. Bevel and his team worked with popular disc jockeys "Tall Paul”
Dudley White and Shelley “The Playboy" Stewart, whose jive talk on the
radio was actually a secret code that told young foot soldiers when it
was time to "move out.” Despite . . . — — Map (db m187770) HM
On 29th Avenue North west of 33rd Street North, on the left when traveling west.
In November 1956, the U.S. Supreme Court outlawed segregated buses
in Montgomery, handing the bus boycott and the growing Civil Rights
Movement a major victory. As a result, Rev. Shuttlesworth led the
ACMHR to target Birmingham's segregated . . . — — Map (db m189098) HM
When notoriously racist police commissioner Eugene "Bull" Connor sicced dogs on the "Foot Soldiers" of the movement, civil rights leaders hoped it would shine a national spotlight on their plight, but the country at large remained woefully ignorant. . . . — — Map (db m73398) HM
On 4th Avenue North west of 17th Street North, on the right when traveling west.
Built 1925, 1616-1622 4th Ave. N.
Located in the Historic Fourth Avenue Business District next to
the taxi stand and Colored Masonic Temple, this building
housed one of Birmingham's few hotels for Black travelers. It
also housed restaurants . . . — — Map (db m188186) HM
The Gas System
Gas produced in the furnace as a by-product of the ironmaking process was used in the plant as fuel. A large pipe called the downcomer carried gas from the top of the furnace to the gas cleaning equipment, which removed the . . . — — Map (db m43669) HM
On 19th Street North at 6th Avenue North, on the left when traveling north on 19th Street North.
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., hoped to gain more national attention for the
Birmingham campaign by planning marches during Holy Week - on Palm
Sunday, Good Friday and Easter Sunday. But "Bull” Connor created serious problems for King. Connor got a . . . — — Map (db m187834) HM
Near 20th Street North at 1st Avenue North (U.S. 11), on the right when traveling south.
At the turn of the 20th century, Birmingham was a small town of two and three story buildings with a few church steeples punctuating the skyline. During the industrial boom from 1902 to 1912 which made Birmingham the largest city in the state. Four . . . — — Map (db m27500) HM
On Park Place east of 20th Street North, on the left when traveling east.
Thirteen years after the American Civil War, the U.S. Supreme Court
began to uphold Jim Crow segregation laws that kept African Ameri-
cans from enjoying their 14th Amendment rights. Its famous Plessy v.
Ferguson decision in 1896 supported a . . . — — Map (db m187632) HM
Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South.
The giant, cast iron statue you see towering above you is Vulcan, the Roman god of metalwork and the forge. The 56-foot tall statue was commissioned by Birmingham leaders to represent their new, growing city at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. After . . . — — Map (db m26297) HM
On 26th Street South at Hatcher Place on 26th Street South.
Built in 1937 by Gen. Louis Verdier Clark from a design by architect William T. Warren as a community playhouse for cultural activities. It was recognized as one of the best of its kind in the nation. Mrs. Vassar Allen - first president, Bernard . . . — — Map (db m27513) HM
Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South. Reported unreadable.
You are standing in front of the entrance to Lone Pine Mine Number 3. This mine is one of over one hundred ore mines on Red Mountain that were active between 1860 and 1960.
In the early twentieth century, iron ore was extracted from this . . . — — Map (db m83859) HM
On 29th Avenue North west of 33rd Street North, on the left when traveling west.
The Christmas night bombing by White terrorists was intended to kill
Rev. Shuttlesworth, or at the very least, to scare him into leaving town
and his new organization. A police officer who came to the bornbed
house and church told Rev. . . . — — Map (db m189105) HM
On 28th Avenue North east of 32nd Street North, on the left when traveling east.
In late 1958 and the summer of 1959, a series of articles in Time
magazine and the New York Times addressed the dangers Black
church leaders and others involved in the Movement faced as angry
pro-segregation Whites took more and more violent . . . — — Map (db m189131) HM
On 6th Avenue South at 9th Street South, on the right when traveling east on 6th Avenue South.
The New Pilgrim Baptist Church
Civil Rights Gathering Place.
This church served as a gathering place and strategic hub for Birmingham's Civil Rights Movement in 1956 under the leadership of Rev. Nelson H. Smith, Jr., . . . — — Map (db m188891) HM
On 5th Avenue North east of 16th Street North, on the left when traveling east.
By the end of April 1963, the national media and local Whites were
losing interest in “Project C.” Fewer Blacks volunteered to be arrested at
downtown stores and lunch counters. So, Rev. James Bevel, a field
Secretary with the SCLC, turned to a . . . — — Map (db m187765) HM
On 6th Avenue North west of 18th Street North, on the left when traveling west.
Ministers in 60 Black churches across the city played key roles in the
Birmingham Movement. In the mass meetings, ministers fired up their
working-class members and encouraged commitment to the struggle
against segregation with revival-style . . . — — Map (db m187529) HM
On Center Street north of 10th Avenue North, on the right when traveling north.
August 1963
The Shores daughters said their father handled civil
rights cases across Alabama and across the South. As he
advanced the African American struggle against unfair
segregation through the courts, angry White militants
turned . . . — — Map (db m189189) HM
On Center Street south of 9th Court West, on the right when traveling south.
1937
Starting in the 1920s, demand for all housing in
Birmingham increased year after year as the
population grew. Residential areas zoned for
"Negroes,” however, remained the same. By the
1940s, surging Black demand and a postwar . . . — — Map (db m189168) HM
On Richard Arington Jr. Blvd North north of 1st Ave South, on the left when traveling north.
On May 10, 1919, soon after its completion, this 21st Street Viaduct was named the Rainbow Viaduct in tribute to Alabama's famous 167th Infantry of the Rainbow Division, renowned for Bravery and Honor. The 167th was the Nation's only regiment in . . . — — Map (db m83860) HM
Another strategy of “Project C” was voter registration for Birmingham
Blacks. At the time, only 12,000 of 150,000 voting-age African-Americans
in Jefferson County could vote. White state and local officials used such
methods as reading tests and . . . — — Map (db m187708) HM
On 22nd Street North south of 7th Avenue North, on the right when traveling south.
Southern governors, mayors and elected officials employed every means to
resist public school integration, even famously using armed state guards to
block Black students from entering. For example, Arkansas Gov. Orval Faubus
called the Arkansas . . . — — Map (db m187680) HM
On 28th Avenue North east of 32nd Street North, on the left when traveling east.
June 1958
Rev. Shuttlesworth called 1958 “a year of harassment” as terrorist
violence against the ACMHR's movement grew worse. Bethel
Baptist Deacon James Revis offered his home near the new
parsonage as a guardhouse. Other men from the . . . — — Map (db m189119) HM
On 20th Street North north of Park Place, on the right when traveling north.
"Bull” Connor's police force still tried in vain to stop the marches to
City-Hall. The number of well-organized protestors overwhelmed
the police. Some marchers actually made it to Woodrow Wilson
Park (now Linn Park) that connects City Hall and . . . — — Map (db m187706) HM
Near 32nd Street North at 2nd Avenue North, on the left when traveling north.
The raw materials for making iron—iron ore, limestone and dolomite, and coke—came to Sloss by railroad and were stored in the stock bins below. An inclined, steam-driven "skip hoist" carried the stock to the top of the furnace and . . . — — Map (db m83861) HM
Near Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard North at Park Place, on the right when traveling east.
The Tutwiler Hotel
In 1913, George Gordon Crawford, President of Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company, complained to Robert Jemison Jr., that when friends and officers from U.S. Steel came to town they had no decent place to stay. . . . — — Map (db m99317) HM
On 29th Avenue North west of 33rd Street North, on the left when traveling west.
The "sudden" emergence of the ACMHR ministers left White leaders
"dumbfounded” and deeply concerned about how they could be
controlled. At first, they called Rev. Shuttlesworth and his fellow
ministers “radicals” and “Communists," "outsiders” who . . . — — Map (db m189084) HM
Near Valley View Drive west of Richard Arrington Jr Boulevard South. Reported unreadable.
The WPA (Works Progress Administration) funded the design and construction of Vulcan Park in the late 1930s. This was done in conjunction with the Alabama Highway Department’s improvement of U.S. Highway 31, the major north/south route that runs . . . — — Map (db m69022) HM
On Richard Arrington, Jr. Blvd North at 3rd Avenue North, on the left when traveling north on Richard Arrington, Jr. Blvd North.
Designed by William C. Weston and erected in 1902, the Title Building was the second skyscraper built in Birmingham. It was the first building to supply its tenants with electric power with its own power-generating plant and the water supply was . . . — — Map (db m27501) HM
On North 19th Street at 4th Avenue North, on the right when traveling north on North 19th Street.
Built in the 1940S, 4th Ave. N. & 19th St. N.
On Mother's Day in 1961, the Freedom Riders, Black and White
members of the Congress for Racial Equality (CORE), arrived at
Birmingham's Trailways bus station. Though integrated . . . — — Map (db m187994) HM
On 20th Street (Alabama Route 269) at Ensley/5 Points W Avenue, on the right when traveling west on 20th Street. Reported missing.
"Tuxedo Junction" was the street car crossing on the Ensley-Fairfield line at this corner in the Tuxedo Park residential area. It also refers to the fraternal dance hall operated in the 1920's and 1930s on the second floor of the adjacent building, . . . — — Map (db m25623) HM
On Martin Luther King Drive, on the right when traveling south.
(front): United Confederate Veterans Camp Hardee No. 39 Camp Hardee No. 39 was organized as a camp of the United Confederate Veterans on August 7, 1891. This cemetery plot was acquired by the camp to provide a final resting place for the men . . . — — Map (db m12487) HM
Near 1st Avenue North (U.S. 11) at 34th Street North, on the left when traveling east.
On March 3, 1899, the United States Pipe and Foundry Company was incorporated consolidating 14 iron and steel foundries in 9 states. One of these foundries, the Howard-Harrison Iron Company of Bessemer, was founded in 1889. In 1911, the Dimmick Pipe . . . — — Map (db m27526) HM
On Center Street south of 9th Avenue West, on the right when traveling south.
1936
Slum clearance became another facial zoning
Weapon. City health officials described. "Negro
quarters” as the unsanitary source of diseases that
threatened community health: Civic leaders used this
reasoning to win millions in federal . . . — — Map (db m189164) HM
On 19th Street North at 5th Avenue North, on the left when traveling north on 19th Street North.
C28 Side
Built 1921, 1800 5th Ave. N.
Lawyers like Arthur Shores and Thurgood Marshall (shown
with Autherine Lucy, the first Black student to integrate the
University of Alabama) filed numerous lawsuits challenging
racial . . . — — Map (db m188003) HM
On 2nd Avenue West east of 12th Street West, on the right when traveling east.
On Aug. 18, 1915, Alabama
Equal Suffrage Association
and Birmingham Barons
hosted suffrage day here in
support of women's suffrage — — Map (db m188885) HM
When it was first proposed in 1905 that Vulcan be placed on Red Mountain, the time was not right for such a move. But by 1935 when the idea for Vulcan Park was proposed, iron ore mining had ceased here, the mineral railroad had been abandoned and . . . — — Map (db m95335) HM
On Tuscaloosa Avenue SW at 3rd Street SW, on the left when traveling east on Tuscaloosa Avenue SW.
In 1818 before Alabama, Jefferson County, Elyton or Birmingham existed, The Elyton Methodist Church was established on Center Street. It was moved to 14 Second Avenue, and in 1909, to its present site. Renamed in 1910 for Corilla Porter Walker . . . — — Map (db m24348) HM
Bull Connor ordered the fearless "Child Crusaders" to be blasted with high-pressure fire hoses, and he once again loosed the dogs on the young demonstrators. When the media finally exposed the nation to the cruel scene, President John F. Kennedy . . . — — Map (db m73019) HM
On Cumberland Drive at Balcourt Drive, on the right when traveling east on Cumberland Drive.
Wilson Chapel was built in 1916 as a memorial to James and Frances Wilson by their daughters, Rosa Wilson Eubanks and Minerva Wilson Constantine. At the time of its construction the area was developing into a community of country homes known as . . . — — Map (db m26681) HM
Gen. James H. Wilson, USA, having crossed the Tennessee River with a large force of well equipped cavalry, grouped them here at Elyton.
Their mission: to destroy Alabama's economic facilities for supporting the War.
From these headquarters he . . . — — Map (db m24358) HM
On 19th Street North at 3rd Avenue North, on the right when traveling south on 19th Street North.
For seven years before the 1963 Birmingham Campaign, Rev. Shuttlesworth
and other leaders of the ACMHR taught masses of Black citizens how
to take direct but non-violent actions to gain first-class American
citizenship. Inspired by faith, these . . . — — Map (db m187787) HM
On Tarrant Huffman Road at Marshall Avenue, on the left when traveling west on Tarrant Huffman Road.
Mt. Zion Baptist Church began burying here in the mid-1800s. On June 2, 1970, New Grace Hill Cemetery, Inc., a subsidiary of the Booker T. Washington Insurance Company in Birmingham, purchased this cemetery and officially named it Zion Memorial . . . — — Map (db m35602) HM
Near 3rd Street Southwest south of Cotton Avenue Southwest, on the right when traveling south.
From 1820 until 1878 this bell hung in the
belfry of the old Elyton courthouse, one-half mile northeast of this spot. In 1861
Jefferson County boys were mustered in
there and the bell tolled them off to war.
John Felix McLaughlin was one of . . . — — Map (db m216063) HM
In response to oppressive jobs and livelihoods such as sharecropping and tenant farming during post-Civil War Reconstruction, large numbers of African American and poor families from the Black Belt regions began to migrate towards northern, more . . . — — Map (db m220602) HM
On 6th Avenue North at 20th Street North, on the left when traveling west on 6th Avenue North.
has been entered in the
National Register of
Historic Places
by the National Park Service
United States
Department of Interior
1983 — — Map (db m216137) HM
On 21st Way South south of Highland Avenue, on the right when traveling south.
Congregation Beth-El was founded in 1907 on Birmingham's north side. Its leadership came from Knesseth Israel, the city's Orthodox Jewish congregation. Beth-El was established as a modern. yet traditional congregation. Construction on the synagogue . . . — — Map (db m216067) HM
Near 19th Street North north of 11th Avenue North, on the left when traveling north.
Son of a Swedish ironmaster, Linn built Birmingham's first industry, Birmingham Car & Foundry Company (Linn Iron Works); the first bank, The National Bank of Birmingham; and the City's first park, called Linn Park.
When the population was less . . . — — Map (db m216140) HM
On 5th Avenue North at 18th Street North, on the right when traveling east on 5th Avenue North.
Built to house the Birmingham Branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, the Historic Federal Reserve building was completed in 1927 out of poured concrete and white Stone Mountain, Georgia granite. The building was designed by architecture firm . . . — — Map (db m216138) HM
On Highland Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
Built during the Roaring Twenties, the Altamont
Apartments broke ground in 1924 and were
completed in 1925. Designed by architect Jacob E.
Sallte as an apartment/hotel, they were built
to attract affluent businessmen who desired
luxury, . . . — — Map (db m216069) HM
On Highland Avenue at 29th Street South, on the right when traveling west on Highland Avenue.
Stephen E. Thompson was a native of Oberlin, Ohio who came to Birmingham in 1889 and became an active investor in real estate and land development. When he was ready to build his house on Highland Avenue, he chose an Oberlin architect, Daniel . . . — — Map (db m216071) HM
On 1st Avenue South at 28th Street S, on the right when traveling south on 1st Avenue South.
Seaboard Yard is a unique, award winning, mixed use, live-work project developed in 2005-2008 by Liz & Cory Mason John Lauriello, Bryan Holt and Julie Gieger.
The historic 35 acre site was once the home of the Seaboard Railroad's Birmingham . . . — — Map (db m220598) HM
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