101 ► Arkansas, Saline County, Benton — 87 — Saline County in the Civil War —

Saline County held 6,640 people in 1860, including 749 slaves. Jabez M. Smith, the county’s secession convention delegate, voted to leave the Union. The Saline Guards formed in 1861 and became Co. E, 1st Arkansas Infantry (C.S.). Their captain, . . . — — Map (db m96592) HM

102 ► Arkansas, Saline County, Benton — 77 — Saline County Records —

As Gen. Frederick Steele’s Union army marched toward Little Rock in the summer of 1863, Saline County officials feared their records would be seized or destroyed. They met Aug. 31, 1863, and saying the Union “function is to cut up, mutilate, . . . — — Map (db m96593) HM

103 ► Arkansas, Scott County, Waldron — 56 — Scott County in the Civil War —

While Scott County residents were divided on the issue of secession, once Arkansas left the Union, many supported the Confederacy. The first fighting there was a Sept. 11, 1863, skirmish near Waldron where the 14th Kansas lost 1 dead and 2 wounded . . . — — Map (db m200627) HM

104 ► Arkansas, Searcy County, Marshall — 12 — Arkansas Peace Society / Federal Raids on Burrowville —

Arkansas Peace Society In November 1861, Confederate authorities discovered a secret Peace Society in north Arkansas whose members opposed secession. Col. Samuel Leslie called out the Searcy County militia to round up members of the group. . . . — — Map (db m141593) HM

105 ► Arkansas, Searcy County, St. Joe — 13 — Skirmish at Tomahawk —

On January 22, 1864, 527 Union soldiers of the First and Second Arkansas Cavalry and Eighth Missouri State Militia Cavalry (U.S.), with one mountain howitzer, fought Col. A.R. Witt's Confederates in St. Joe. The Confederates fell back after an . . . — — Map (db m141566) HM

106 ► Arkansas, Sebastian County, Fort Smith — 15 — Confederate [and] Union Occupation of Fort Smith —

On April 23, 1861, the U.S. garrison at Fort Smith abandoned the post as Confederate militiamen approached. Fort Smith became an important recruiting and training center for Confederate forces in west Arkansas. Troops from Fort Smith fought at . . . — — Map (db m57916) HM

107 ► Arkansas, Sevier County, Belleville — 136 — Sevier County in the Civil War —

While no fighting took place in Sevier Co. during the Civil War, local men served in Confederate units. Men gathered at Belleville Church as part of Pettus’ Battalion of State Troops, marching to Arkadelphia under Gov. Harris Flanagin’s General . . . — — Map (db m121145) HM

108 ► Arkansas, Sharp County, Evening Shade — 132 — The Sharp Family and the Civil War / The Civil War in Sharp County —

The Sharp Family and the Civil War Ephraim Sharp, namesake of Sharp County, and his brother William were prominent Evening Shade businessmen when the Civil War began. William served in the state legislature in 1860 and opposed Arkansas’s . . . — — Map (db m170472) HM

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109 ► Arkansas, St. Francis County, Colt — 75 — Taylor's Creek and Mount Vernon —

In early May 1863, Union troops left Helena to disrupt Confederate troops and destroy supplies and forage. Gen. John S. Marmaduke's Confederates confronted them at Taylors Creek on May 11, and after an hour-long skirmish the outnumbered Union troops . . . — — Map (db m243305) HM

110 ► Arkansas, St. Francis County, Madison — 88 — Madison in the Civil War —

U.S. troops from Helena came through Madison many times during the Civil War. A 5th Kansas Cavalry patrol fought here twice during a March 5-12, 1863, expedition. Iowa and Indiana troops passed through in April 1863, and detachments of men from the . . . — — Map (db m119982) HM

111 ► Arkansas, Union County, Mount Holly — 23 — Mount Holly Cemetery —

Mount Holly Cemetery is the final resting place of 15 Confederate soldiers, including Asa S. Morgan, who in 1861 recruited the El Dorado Sentinels, which became Co. A, 1st Arkansas Infantry. Morgan later served as colonel of the 26th Arkansas . . . — — Map (db m121172) HM

112 ► Arkansas, Van Buren County, Clinton — 21 — The War in Van Buren County / Troops Raised in Van Buren County —

The War in Van Buren County Most of the violence that took place in Van Buren Co. during the Civil War was caused by irregular troops. Southern units were called bushwhackers; northern guerrillas were termed jayhawkers. Both sides often . . . — — Map (db m141577) HM

113 ► Arkansas, Washington County, Canehill — Confederates Fall Back Before Union Assault — Shelby Withdraws to Cane Hill —

As James Blunt's First Division of the Army of the Frontier massed in front of the Confederate artillery at the Cane Hill Cemetery, General John Marmaduke ordered J.O. Shelby's Rebels to (unreadable) through the hamlet of Boonsboro. As the . . . — — Map (db m240383) HM

114 ► Arkansas, Washington County, Canehill — The Troops Who Fought at Cane Hill — Troops Clash in the Boston Mountains —

The Fourth Division, Trans-Mississippi Army Maj. Gen. Thomas C. Hindman's Trans-Mississippi Army contained four divisions: One of cavalry under John S. Marmaduke, infantry divisions under Francis A. Shoup and Daniel M. Frost, and a reserve . . . — — Map (db m225070) HM

115 ► Arkansas, Washington County, Elm Springs — 134 — Elm Springs in the Civil War —

Newly recruited Confederate troops gathered at Elm Springs in 1861 for training. After driving Confederate troops from their winter quarters at Cross Hollows, U.S. pickets occupied the area. Confederates camped here on a bitter cold March 5, 1862, . . . — — Map (db m167935) HM

116 ► Arkansas, Washington County, Fayetteville — 58 — David Walker —

David Walker was born Feb. 19, 1806, near Elkton, Ky. He moved to Arkansas in 1830, earning his law license and settling in Fayetteville. Walker was elected circuit prosecutor in 1832, then to the Arkansas territorial legislature in 1835. . . . — — Map (db m224142) HM

117 ► Arkansas, Washington County, Fayetteville — 70 — Mount Comfort in the Civil War —

After the Aug. 10, 1861, Battle of Wilson's Creek, Mo., four of Washington County's first Confederate war dead – Capt. S.R. Bell, Sgt. Wm. Brown, Pvt. Henry Fulbright and Pvt. Samuel McCurdy – were buried in Mount Comfort Cemetery. The . . . — — Map (db m224775) HM

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118 ► Arkansas, Washington County, Johnson — 33 — Wartime Gristmill Destruction —

Both soldiers and civilians used gristmills to grind wheat and corn into flour and meal. Confederate troops destroyed mills to keep Union armies from using them. Union troops destroyed them to keep C.S. guerrillas from using them as gathering . . . — — Map (db m224782) HM

119 ► Arkansas, Washington County, Prairie Grove — 19 — The Borden House / The Legacy of Prairie Grove —

The Borden House The Borden House was the epicenter of what one historian has called “one of the most intense firefights west of the Mississippi” during the Dec. 7, 1862, Battle of Prairie Grove. Union and Confederate troops fought around the . . . — — Map (db m225092) HM

120 ► Arkansas, Washington County, Springdale — 30 — Holcomb's Spring in the Civil War —

Holcomb's Spring, settled in the 1840s, saw many troop movements during the Civil War. Regular Baptist Church services halted in January 1862, as soldiers entered the area. Confederate troops camped there in October 1862 and July 1863. . . . — — Map (db m224791) HM

121 ► Arkansas, White County, Bald Knob — 27 — Confederate Salt Works Destroyed —

Gen. J.R. West led 3,094 U.S. cavalrymen in pursuit of 4,000 Confederate horsemen under Col. T.H. McCray and Gen. J.O. Shelby on Aug. 6, 1864. The U.S. troops rode to Austin, Stony Point, Searcy, and Augusta. On Aug. 11, troops of the 10th Illinois . . . — — Map (db m116192) HM

122 ► Arkansas, White County, Gum Springs — 32 — Action at Des Arc Bayou —

On July 8, 1864, a column of 221 men of the 10th Illinois Cavalry headed for Searcy to confront Gen. J.O. Shelbys Confederates, who were operating in the area. They set up camp at Des Arc Bayou on July 13. At 4:30 a.m. July 14, around 500 men under . . . — — Map (db m116328) HM

123 ► Arkansas, White County, Kensett — 6 — Action At Whitney's Lane —

Front One hundred Texas Rangers and 50 local men on May 19, 1862, attacked a foraging party from the 17th Missouri Infantry (U.S.), a unit composed largely of German troops, fighting near here along Whitney's Lane. Union losses were 22 . . . — — Map (db m116212) HM

124 ► Arkansas, White County, Searcy — 37 — Brig. Gen. Dandridge McRae —

Born in Alabama Oct. 10, 1829, Dandridge McRae moved to Arkansas in 1849. A lawyer, he recruited Confederates in 1861 and led a battalion at Wilson's Creek and a regiment at Pea Ridge. Promoted to brigadier general Nov. 5, 1862, he was the only . . . — — Map (db m116321) HM

125 ► Arkansas, White County, Searcy — 39 — Searcy Landing in the Civil War / Guerrilla War on the Little Red —

Searcy Landing in the Civil War Searcy Landing was a steamboat stop with cotton warehouses before the war. On May 9, 1862, Col. P.J. Osterhaus's 3rd Division of the Union Army of the Southwest built a bridge across the Little Red River, . . . — — Map (db m116325) HM

126 ► Arkansas, White County, West Point — 38 — Naval Combat at West Point / Combat on the Little Red River —

Naval Combat at West Point The U.S. gunboat Cricket steamed up the Little Red River Aug. 14, 1863, hunting the Confederate steamboats Kaskaskia and Tom Sugg. She captured the vessels at Searcy Landing and destroyed a . . . — — Map (db m116269) HM

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127 ► Arkansas, Woodruff County, Augusta — 50 — Action at Fitzhugh's Woods —

Col. Christopher C. Andrews led 231 men of the 3rd Minnesota Infantry and 8th Missouri Cavalry to Woodruff Co. on April 1, 1864, to disrupt recruiting by Confederate Gen. Dandridge McRae. Marching 12 miles north of Augusta, and almost capturing . . . — — Map (db m116188) HM

128 ► Arkansas, Woodruff County, Cotton Plant — 20 — Action at Cotton Plant —

After threatening Little Rock, the Union Army of the Southwest marched east toward Helena. On July 7, 1862, three miles north of here, around 1,000 Confederates of the 12th and 16th Texas Cavalry attacked Union soldiers protecting the main force . . . — — Map (db m116250) HM

129 ► Arkansas, Yell County, Dardenelle — 4 — Action at Dardenelle —

Confederates under Col. Robert Brooks, who were testing Union positions strength along the Arkansas River, attacked Federal troops at Dardanelle on Jan. 14, 1865. Maj. J.D. Jenks' 276 Union soldiers fought Brooks' 1,500 soldiers for 4 hours before . . . — — Map (db m170341) HM

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