Timeline of Events
• June 20: Alexander Evans picked up suit of clothes left near trash at 220 West View Park Drive. Residents complain to city and Evans returns clothes to supervisor next day.
• July 5: Evans suspended by city and . . . — — Map (db m226858) HM
Led by African American workers and civil rights coalition, 1978, against sanitation dept., here. It reshaped the labor movement in N.C. — — Map (db m226855) HM
Black farmworkers in region affiliated with labor union, 1886-1890. Precursor to the Fusion movement. State convention held here, 1890. — — Map (db m162779) HM
The R.J.R. Factory 64 is one of the local sites where large labor strikes occurred. The first took place in 1943 after a factory worker died on the job. Several hundred female workers, primarily African-American, began an immediate strike that . . . — — Map (db m98776) HM
Strike by leaf workers, mostly black and female, June 17, 1943, ½ mile W., led to seven years of labor & civil rights activism by Local 22. — — Map (db m75569) HM
Black leaf house workers in eastern N.C. unionized in 1946. First pro-union vote, at tobacco factory 1 block W., precursor to civil rights movement. — — Map (db m222125) HM
The Veterans Freedom Flag Monument dedicated May 22, 2010 to Veterans who made the sacrifice for freedom around the world, those who currently serve in the military and those who will serve in the future. Built entirely through the donations of . . . — — Map (db m63076) WM
The location of the Herrick Hotel, the Petros Block was built in 1916
1916-1960
Benjamin's Barber Shop
1977-1980
Harbor Sales Notions Store
1988-1997
Leeward Lounge Expansion
Upstairs
1916-1960 . . . — — Map (db m132324) HM
1895-1898
Diamond Palace Restaurant
1907
George H. Smith Café
1912
Frederick C. Jenkins, barber
1921
M. S. Cratsley, barber
1926-1934
Henry Kohus, barber
1937
Anthony . . . — — Map (db m132333) HM
Side A:
Following a wage reduction from 70 to 60 cents per ton after many Hocking Valley coal mines consolidated in 1883, the Ohio Miners' Amalgamated Association struck on June 23, 1884. The operators responded by offering an even smaller . . . — — Map (db m37019) HM
Dudley Nichols was born in Wapakoneta in 1895, the son of Dr. Grant and Mary Mean Nichols. He spent his childhood in a home on this site and graduated from Blume High School before leaving Ohio. After working as a journalist in new York City, he . . . — — Map (db m92116) HM
William Green, President of the American Federation of Labor from 1924 until his death, 1852, began his amazing and strenuous climb to the top run of labor's ladder at age 16, in the Morgan Run Coal Mines in Coshocton County.
Born in Coshocton . . . — — Map (db m299) HM
Carl Burton Stokes (1927-1996). Carl Stokes was born in Cleveland on June 21, 1927. Recognized for his trailblazing service as a public official, Stokes is one of the few American politicians whose career spanned all three branches of state . . . — — Map (db m202302) HM
Following the national merger of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in 1955, more than 2,000 labor delegates representing one million union members convened at the Cleveland Public Auditorium . . . — — Map (db m17953) HM
As an early advocate of social justice, the Rev. Dr. Washington Gladden led local and national causes for civil rights, workers' rights, voting rights, religious pluralism, school integration, and the needs of the poor and the oppressed.
The . . . — — Map (db m201044) HM
On this site, December 10, 1886, the Federation of Organized
Trades and Labor Union merged with trade unionists of the
Knights of Labor to create the American Federation of Labor
Delegates elected Samuel Gompers president and dedicated
the . . . — — Map (db m220825) HM
American Federation of Labor
Since 1881
One this site, December 10, 1886, the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Union merged with the trade unionists of the Knights of Labor to create the American Federation of Labor. Delegates elected . . . — — Map (db m214646) HM
In 1992, the national floral show known as Ameriflora came to Columbus and was featured at Franklin Park on the near east side. The Central Ohio AFL-CIO incorporated an area of the park to honor workers killed in the work Place. A small grove of . . . — — Map (db m203904) HM
William Green Labor Leader
A native of Coshocton County, William Green (1870-1932) began his working life as a coal miner at age 16 and rose rapidly in the leadership of the United Mine Workers of America. Twice elected to the Ohio Senate, . . . — — Map (db m12970) HM
On this site, January 25, 1890, delegates from the National Progressive Union and the Knights of Labor District Trades Assembly 135 met in convention at old City Hall and founded the United Mine Workers of America. The merger ended years of . . . — — Map (db m80010) HM
On May 5, 1852, delegates from printers societies in name states met here and formed the International Typographical Union. Held in old City Hall, the meeting concluded an effort begun in 1835 when Cincinnati's Franklin Typographic Society proposed . . . — — Map (db m168207) HM
In 1884, the first natural gas well was successfully drilled in Findlay, and when The Great Karg Well, then the largest in the world, was drilled in 1886, the boom was on. Many industries, especially glass, were attracted to Findlay, lured by free . . . — — Map (db m29174) HM
Side A: Village of McGuffey
The Village of McGuffey was named for John McGuffey, who in the 1860s first attempted to drain the Scioto Marsh. A larger and more effective drainage effort, made by others who entered Hardin County in the 1880s, . . . — — Map (db m29062) HM
It is my intention to create a memorial that will be forever
uplifting, not only to the spirits of the Auto-Lite workers
in Toledo, but to all those who contributed and made
sacrifices to the labor movement in this country.
The two workers are . . . — — Map (db m217300) HM
In 1934, workers at the Electric Auto-Lite Company and other automotive-related manufacturers secretly organized the Automobile Workers Federal Union Local 18384, American Federation of Labor (AFL), which became the United Auto Workers (UAW) . . . — — Map (db m177837) HM
During May 1934. One-half block from where you stand thousands of Auto-Lite workers and members of the community amassed near the Auto-Lite Plant. Aimed at poor working conditions and low wages. They launched one of the three most important strikes . . . — — Map (db m217110) HM
On May 26, 1937, President Philip Murray of the Steel Workers Committee (SWOC) ordered a national walkout against three of the "Little Steel" companies. Two companies, Republic and Youngstown Sheet & Tube, operated major facilities in Ohio. The . . . — — Map (db m79493) HM
These stones were originally part of the exterior wall of the county jail constructed in 1854 and located on this site. Set without the use of mortar, the offsets and notches provided an interlocking wall system. Each stone retains much of its . . . — — Map (db m199336) HM
Side A:
Agriculture dominated the economy of southeastern Ohio's Morgan County until the 1940s when harvests dwindled, the population declined, and land values dropped. Surface mining the area's rich underground coal deposits replaced . . . — — Map (db m13595) HM
Named in honor of Ronald V. Crews, Mine General Superintendent of Central Ohio Coal Company, whose knowledge, dedication and friendship meant so much to so many.
Dedicated July 1972
Rededicated 2001
“To Honor All The Miners”
-R. . . . — — Map (db m13599) HM
This site, known as the World's
Greatest Mine Fire's is a part of
the Wayne National Forest
located on the Athens Ranger
District, and managed by the US
Forest Service, Department of
Agriculture.
A reclamation project begun in
2010 . . . — — Map (db m166297) HM
On a forested hillside south of New Straitsville. the spacious
1000 square foot Robinson’s Cave offered a secluded location with
great acoustics where large groups of Hocking Valley coal miners
could meet in secret. Beginning in about 1870, . . . — — Map (db m122775) HM
During the 9-month Hocking Valley Coal Strike beginning in June
1884, tensions between the Columbus & Hocking Coal and Iron
Company and striking miners led to violence and destruction.
Starting October 11, 1884, unknown men pushed burning mine . . . — — Map (db m122804) HM
Established in 1879 by Chicago industrialist William P. Rend as a coal
mining town, Rendville became a place where African Americans broke
the color barrier. In 1888, Dr. Isaiah Tuppins, the first African
American to receive a medical degree in . . . — — Map (db m122447) HM
I say white brother, because I believe that to be the proper phrase, inasmuch as I believe in the principle of the fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of all mankind no matter what the color of his skin may be. Richard L. Davis . . . — — Map (db m166298) HM
In 1869 a secret organization. The Knights of Labor, was founded
in Philadelphia. The K.O.L. promoted an ideal society based on
bettering life for others with the slogans. “labor was the first
capital” and “an injury to one is . . . — — Map (db m122800) HM
You are standing in the historic Village of Shawnee,
named after the Shawnee Nation. European-Americans settled in this region in the early 1800’s first for
the salt of Saltlick Township. Upon discovering coal
in the region, coal companies built . . . — — Map (db m217755) HM
Welcome to Shawnee and the Little Cities of Back Diamonds Region. This green space celebrates the place we call home by acknowledging and honoring the courage and hard work of thousands of people who labored here to mine the coal that helped power a . . . — — Map (db m139147) HM
During the New Deal of the 1930s, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) formed the Steel Workers Organizing Committee (SWOC) under the leadership of CIO president John L. Lewis. Following successful CIO strikes in the rubber and . . . — — Map (db m80719) HM
Five Depression-era strikes against many of Akron's rubber companies culminated in a giant "sit-down" strike against Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, the industry's leader, in February and March of 1936. The fledgling United Rubber Workers (URW), . . . — — Map (db m43625) HM
In downtown Akron at the Portage Hotel, 12 September 1935, a national convention of rubber workers met and organized the United Rubber Workers of America. Convention delegates elected Sherman Dalrymple president and dedicated the URW international . . . — — Map (db m43731) HM
Side A
Dennison Yard and Shops
Panhandle Division, Pennsylvania Railroad
The Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and St. Louis Railway began construction of the Dennison Railroad Shops here in 1864. This rail line was chartered as the . . . — — Map (db m81546) HM
The Independent Order of Odd Fellows (IOOF) began in England in the 1700s as an association of common laborers who met together for fellowship and mutual aid. This was so unusual at the time that members were called “Odd Fellows,” and . . . — — Map (db m13702) HM
Struggling farmers united to form farmers union at Point, Texas, in 1902. Spreading into the twin territories, future statesman William H. "Alfalfa Bill" Murray helped establish the Indiahoma Farmers Educational and Co-Operative Union of America. . . . — — Map (db m184323) HM
In the largest work stoppage to that date, over 350,000 U.S. workers went off the job. Reverend Adalbert Kazincy, pastor of Saint Michael's here, championed the strikers and provided the church as a meeting place. The strike failed after 15 weeks. — — Map (db m47044) HM
We Honor
- Brothers, fathers, husbands, uncles, and sons who worked in the coal mines now diminished, descending into darkness and danger known to few others to simply support self and family.
- The hundreds tragically killed in the . . . — — Map (db m197590) HM
Erected by the members of the Steel Worker Organizing Committee Local Unions in memory of the iron and steel workers who were killed in Homestead, PA., on July 6, 1892, while striking against the Carnegie Steel Company in defense of their American . . . — — Map (db m156112) HM
Completed, early 1892. Through that summer, it was headquarters for the strike committee of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers. Telegraph lines installed here transmitted the news from journalists who were covering the Homestead . . . — — Map (db m44871) HM
This building possesses national significance in commemorating the history of the United States of America.
This was the headquarters of the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steelworkers at the time of the Homestead Strike. It is one of the . . . — — Map (db m44873) HM
United States Secretary of Labor, 1933-1945. Visited Homestead July 1933 to discuss New Deal policy. Local authorities barred her from meeting with aggrieved steelworkers in nearby Frick Park. Undeterred, she moved the assembly to federal property . . . — — Map (db m44867) HM
Labor leader, workers' advocate. Arrested and jailed in Homestead for speaking to striking steelworkers, 1919. When a judge asked who gave her a permit to speak publicly, she replied, "Patrick Henry. Thomas Jefferson. John Adams!" — — Map (db m44869) HM
On April 21, 1947, John F. Kennedy and Richard M. Nixon debated the Taft-Hartley Labor-Management Relations Act at the Penn-McKee Hotel. The first debate between the two House Labor Committee members was a precursor to the iconic Kennedy-Nixon . . . — — Map (db m54922) HM
On the morning of July 6, 1892, on orders of the Carnegie Steel Company, 300 Pinkerton agents attempted to land near here; strikers and citizens repulsed them. Seven workers and three Pinkertons were killed. 8,000 state militia arrived July 12; by . . . — — Map (db m39901) HM
Near here on November 14, 1938, the first convention of the Congress of Industrial Organizations was held. 34 international unions were represented. Pittsburgh's Philip Murray was president from 1940-1952. — — Map (db m40175) HM
On November 15, 1881, in nearby Turner Hall, a convention was held to form the organization which became the American Federation of Labor. Soon it was the nation's largest labor federation. It became part of the merged AFL-CIO in 1955. — — Map (db m40940) HM
Organized in 1908, this local was one of the first African American musicians unions in Pennsylvania. Pittsburgh was at the forefront of the jazz world in the mid-20th century, and jazz greats Mary Lou Williams, Art Blakey, Ray Brown, and George . . . — — Map (db m56705) HM
On Feb. 4, 1896, sixteen delegates met at Moorheads Hall here to form the International Association of Bridge, Structural, Ornamental, and Reinforcing Iron Workers. Active in the struggle for health and safety standards; by 1996 it had 140,000 . . . — — Map (db m40936) HM
Pittsburgh industrialist and philanthropist, Frick was instrumental in the organization of the coke and steel industries. His controversial management style while chairman of Carnegie Steel led to the bloody Homestead Strike in 1892. — — Map (db m40939) HM
In 1877, The Pennsylvania Railroad Company (PRR) was the largest corporation in the world. In that year the PRR, like railroads across the country, instituted massive lay-offs and wage cuts—reportedly due to declining profits. When workers on . . . — — Map (db m26104) HM
In the Grant Building here on June 17, 1936, the Steel Workers Organizing Committee was founded. Renamed in 1942, the USWA became one of the world's largest unions, embracing over a million workers. Philip Murray was its first . . . — — Map (db m43401) HM
The pioneering study of industrial conditions in Allegheny County by Crystal Eastman documented 526 workplace deaths in one year. A component of the land-mark Pittsburgh Survey, it led to industrial accident prevention programs and workers' . . . — — Map (db m40934) HM
In The Great Strike of 1877, a labor dispute between workers and the Pennsylvania Railroad Company set off a popular uprising. The Philadelphia militia shot into an unarmed crowd on July 21st and then took shelter in the roundhouse at 26th Street. . . . — — Map (db m26113) HM
In the Great Strike of 1877, a labor dispute between workers and the Pennsylvania Railroad Company set off a popular uprising. Militiamen were called in to put down the strike and clashed with disgruntled citizens. On the second day of the conflict, . . . — — Map (db m26213) HM
This two-part sculpture recognizes the significant contributions of Pittsburgh and to American labor history by a symbolic representation of labor's role in our nation's development. The human figures populating the facades are engaged in this . . . — — Map (db m156087) HM
Major strikes by women cotton factory workers protesting 12-hour work-days occurred nearby in Allegheny City in 1845 and 1848. The strikes led to an 1848 state law limiting workdays to 10 hours and prohibiting children under twelve years of age from . . . — — Map (db m40301) HM
A pivotal moment in The Great Strike happened here, on July 21st, 1877. Striking railroad workers blocked the tracks, while their families and supporters looked on from the hillside. Militiamen were brought in from Philadelphia to clear the workers . . . — — Map (db m26112) HM
The shift to mass production in the steel industry brought thousands of new workers to Pittsburgh and forever changed the city. Between 1870 and 1900, Pittsburgh's population quadrupled. Through Ellis Island and from across the nation came the . . . — — Map (db m191487) HM
The Great Strike of 1877 was not exclusive to Pittsburgh. The first signs of what would become a popular uprising appeared on the B&O Line in Baltimore, on July 16th 1877. Unrest in Baltimore was initially suppressed. The next day, however, trainmen . . . — — Map (db m26106) HM
In July, unrest hit U.S. rail lines. Pennsylvania Railroad workers struck to resist wage and job cuts. Here, on July 21, militia fatally shot some 26 people. A battle followed; rail property was burned. The strike was finally broken by U.S. troops. — — Map (db m40906) HM
On July 21st 1877, the Philadelphia militia fired into a vocal crowd of striking Pennsylvania trainmen and sympathizers. Twenty people were killed, including at least three children. Many more were wounded. Following the attack, the militia . . . — — Map (db m26111) HM
On July 20th, 1877, striking railroad workers in Pittsburgh successfully stopped trains from leaving the freight yard in the Strip District. The sheriff was called upon to clear the tracks by railroad officials, anxious to regain control of their . . . — — Map (db m26109) HM
The Great Strike of 1877 was instigated by a ten percent cut in workmen’s wages on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad—one cut of many since the panic of 1873. The industry at large had experienced significant wage cuts and lay offs. By 1877, . . . — — Map (db m26108) HM
Between 1865 and 1880, the railroad system grew rapidly, tripling in size and connecting urban areas throughout the country. Generally unchecked, railroad tracks cut through the heart of cities, with little concern for the best interests of . . . — — Map (db m26110) HM
In 1877, the population of Pittsburgh was approximately 120,000. It is estimated that 30,000 people — a full quarter of the city's population — participated in The Great Strike and the rioting that ensued. Roughly half of the rioters . . . — — Map (db m26107) HM
Between 1890 and 1910, the highway corridor where you are now standing developed into a Croatian community known as "Mala Jaska" (or Little Jastrebarsko), after the town from which many of the immigrants came. The area was initially settled by . . . — — Map (db m84561) HM
On July 14, unskilled immigrant workers led a strike against the Pressed Steel Car Company. Strain among the strikers, replacement laborers, and state police erupted into a riot on August 22. Eleven men were killed near this footbridge. Strikers . . . — — Map (db m40873) HM
Pressed Steel Car Company provided worker housing at substantial cost to employees, keeping them in constant debt. During the 1909 McKees Rocks strike against the company, immigrant workers were evicted from their homes. The evictions led to the . . . — — Map (db m40905) HM
Aliquippa Works of Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation production commenced in 1909 at this plant once the largest integrated steel plant. Over 14000 persons were employed here. Collective bargaining under the Wagner Act began here in 1937 as a . . . — — Map (db m48137) HM
In a landmark ruling on April 12, 1937, the US Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the National Labor Relations Act in the case of the National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. The company had fired unionized workers . . . — — Map (db m40244) HM
The most important factor that drove the growth of industry in Beaver County was the dedication of
the workforce in producing the best quality product. These dedicated workers, led by men of great
vision and ambition, helped make American . . . — — Map (db m177025) HM
Beaver County industry and life were booming as the country became involved in WWI. Once again, we were well represented as Beaver
Falls native Colonel Joseph H. Thompson was awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism. As the war drew to a close, . . . — — Map (db m177004) HM
Labor leader and advocate for child labor reform, pensions, and the state's first workers’ compensation act. Self-educated, Maurer was elected president of the Pennsylvania Federation of Labor from 1912-1928. He served as state legislator from . . . — — Map (db m84490) HM
The PRR built its first repair facilities here in 1850 and opened its first track to Altoona during the same year. By 1925, Altoona was home to the nation's largest concentration of railroad shops, with 16,500 people employed in several locations. — — Map (db m20998) HM
Over 300,000 skilled tradesmen went on strike against United States railroads to defend gains by unions during World War One. The Pennsylvania Railroad shops in Altoona led the anti-union opposition. The bitter struggle led to the 1926 Railway Labor . . . — — Map (db m52867) HM
This monument was erected by the citizens of the 140th legislative district in tribute to Christopher Columbus and those who followed him to America.
Celebration
We celebrate the 500th anniversary of the 1st voyage of Christopher . . . — — Map (db m31448) HM
From 1924 to 1926 the United Mine Workers of America held innovative workers’ education programs in bituminous coal towns throughout western Pa. Hastings recorded the largest attendance in 1925. With the leadership of district President John Brophy, . . . — — Map (db m74507) HM
On July 11, 1902, on this hillside. 112 bituminous coal miners, mostly immigrants. were killed in a gas explosion at Cambria Iron Company's Rolling Mill Mine. It was the first of four major mining accidents in PA contributing to the deadliest decade . . . — — Map (db m203729) HM
The American labor leader lived here in Nanty Glo. Brophy was president of District 2, United Mine Workers of America, 1916-1926; he gained national prominence for his "Miner's Program," calling for a shorter work week, nationalization of the mines, . . . — — Map (db m52911) HM
On June 21, 1877, four "Molly Maguires," an alleged secret society of Irish mine-workers, were hanged here. Pinkerton detective James McParlan’s testimony led to convictions for violent crimes against the coal industry, yet the facts of the labor, . . . — — Map (db m32153) HM
Baseball pioneer, born in Bellefonte, grew up here. Played for Providence, N.Y. Giants, Brooklyn, 1878-94. Pitched professional baseball's 2nd perfect game, 1880. Formed first players' union, 1885, & Players' League, 1890. In Baseball Hall of Fame. — — Map (db m190674) HM
Penn State was among the first U.S. universities to establish an academic program focusing on Labor in American society and offer Labor Studies courses for college credit. Founded in 1942 as an outreach effort to help union leaders learn their . . . — — Map (db m134779) HM
In 1869, 1872 and 1875 the first major coal strikes spread to this area. In 1872 four men were shot at the Sterling RR Station. The strike started unionism in the county. The 1875 strike resulted in over 50 arrests for riot and conspiracy at Goss . . . — — Map (db m107896) HM
Efforts to organize public workers in PA resulted in Acts 111 in 1968 and 195 in 1970. Tens of thousands of public employees joined unions. The movement to unionize public workers began in the 1930's. was legislatively restricted in 1947 & given . . . — — Map (db m6721) HM
Hershey's Chocolate Workers Local 1 (CIO) responded to a labor-management impasse on April 2, 1937 by initiating the first sit-down strike in Pennsylvania and in the confectionery industry. The strike was ended by strike-breaking violence and . . . — — Map (db m7135) HM
Chief Steward & President, United Electrical Workers Union Local 506, 1942-1959. Accused of McCarthy-era Communist activity, he was the first union leader fired by General Electric, 1953. He defended workers’ civil liberties while UE represented him . . . — — Map (db m84904) HM
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