Born about 1786 - Died 1850
Symbolic of Faith, Loyalty and Leadership
Indian Guide for Wilson Price Hunt Party
Mother of First White Child
Born in the Oregon Territory - 1811 — — Map (db m114351) HM
Within a year of the US entering World War II, more than 160,000 people moved to Portland — a city of only 360,000 — to work in Home Front industries. Industrialist Henry Kaiser's three shipyards employed the most workers. To house his . . . — — Map (db m38410) HM
Indians inhabited Oregon’s inland valleys for thousands of years before Euro-Americans began to arrive in the late 18th Century. In the early 1780s, and again in the 1830s, diseases spread by seafarers and fur trappers swept through Oregon’s valleys . . . — — Map (db m112996) HM
A System of Forts
Fort Yamhill was one of several forts in western Oregon. Hostilities between Native Americans and settlers led to treaties and the establishment of the Grand Ronde Reservation. Forts such as Yamhill and Hoskins were . . . — — Map (db m112990) HM
From the beginning, Neahkahnie Mountain was the source of deep meaning for the First People. Signs of the spirit would were all around them - in the forest and its animals, in the ocean, in the season and the sky, and in the weather that marked . . . — — Map (db m113732) HM
(There are two panels to this marker.)
Naamí Tiičám Ku Waqíšwit
During their journey, Lewis and Clark described many things about the people and landscapes they encountered on their expedition. The misunderstood and missed many . . . — — Map (db m158686) HM
July 29, 1889 - July 2, 1987
Pendleton Round-Up Chief 1936-1987
Clarence T. Burke was the eldest son of Chief Poker Jim, the first Pendleton Round-Up Chief. Chief Burke was born at Cayuse and resided near there his entire life. . . . — — Map (db m111826) HM
Jackson Sundown, born in 1863, was a member of the Wallowa Band Nez Perce and a nephew of Chief Joseph. At age forty, he began competing in rodeos and took the name "Buffalo Jackson" at first, later changing his name to Jackson Sundown.
In 1911 . . . — — Map (db m111821) HM
This location marks a travel corridor for Plateau Tribes moving seasonally from the Columbia River to the Blue Mountains. In 1811, members of the Astor Party under the leadership of Wilson Price Hunt camped here on their way west. They traded with . . . — — Map (db m111565) HM
(Six panels dealing with the Pendleton area portion of the Oregon Trail are found at this kiosk)
The Long Walk to Oregon
Contrary to popular belief Oregon Trail emigrants rarely took the reins while seated in their . . . — — Map (db m111578) HM
The decisive engagement of the Bannock War was fought on the foothills of Battle Mountain, July 8, 1878. The war - a protest against white encroachment, and the last major uprising in the Pacific Northwest-was started by Bannock Indians, but Egan, a . . . — — Map (db m96868) WM
The decisive engagement of the Bannock War was fought on the foothills of Battle Mountain, July 8, 1878. The war - a protest against white encroachment, and the last major uprising in the Pacific Northwest - was started by Bannock Indians, but Egan, . . . — — Map (db m108178) HM WM
This land will always be home to the Cayuse, Umatilla and Walla Walla people. The land is used by and shared with relatives and neighbors such as the Palouse, Wanapum, Yakama, Wishxam, Wyam, Tenino and Nez Perce.
In 1805 and 1806, . . . — — Map (db m114101) HM
In 1855, Washington Territorial Governor Isaac Stevens and Oregon Territory Indian Superintendent Joel Palmer convened a treaty council in present-day Walla Walla, Washington with Yakama, Nez Perce, Cayuse, Umatilla and Walla Walla bands and . . . — — Map (db m114100) HM
In 1804-06, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led about 40 soldiers and boatmen on an epic journey. President Thomas Jefferson commissioned this "Corps of Discovery" to find a route to the Pacific Ocean through the newly acquired . . . — — Map (db m114092) HM
The Corps of Discovery descended the Columbia River in five dugout canoes made from pines felled at the mouth of the North Fork of the Clearwater River in Idaho.
Before McNary Dam harnessed this segment of the mighty Columbia, the river plunged . . . — — Map (db m114089) HM
Native peoples crossed the Blue Mountains long before the first explores and fur trappers.
In 1834, John Kirk Townsend found the Cayuse and Nez Perce, very friendly towards us, each of the chiefs taking us by the hand with great . . . — — Map (db m111490) HM
Madame Marie Dorion, a Native American of the Sioux Nation, gained recognition for her endurance and courage in the early American West. As the only woman on the long and difficult Wilson Price Hunt expedition from Montreal to the wild Oregon . . . — — Map (db m111338) HM
Wallowa Valley, summer homeland of the Joseph Band Nez Perce, was part of the expansive Nez Perce Reservation established by the treaty of 1855. Upon discovery of gold in the region, the U.S. eliminated the reservation in the Wallowas in 1863. The . . . — — Map (db m71746) HM
We all need shelter: plants, animals and people. For countless ages many have found what they need here in the Imnaha. The canyon walls protect against harsh weather and the river provides its life-giving waters to the dry landscape. The Imnaha . . . — — Map (db m71744) HM
In May, 1877, Chief Joseph gathered his band of Nez Perce Indians from their winter villages along the Imnaha. Instead of heading for their customary summering country in the Wallowa Valley, they began their famous fighting retreat from General O.O. . . . — — Map (db m71743) HM
In 1877, the wal'wáama were driven out of the Wallowa Valley, which had been their homeland since time immemorial. Leaving was full of heartbreak and hardship. Over the next 1170 miles they would join with other Nez Perce bands, cross extremely . . . — — Map (db m111341) HM
In the Memory
of Chief
Old Joseph
Died 1870
Chief "Old" Joseph
"Twaeet Tu-eka-kas
Born about 1783 - Died 1872
Baptized as Joseph by Dr. Spaulding — — Map (db m111366) HM
Iwetemlaykin is Nez Perce for "at the edge of the lake." It is pronounced ee-weh-TEMM-lye-kinn and the Nez Perce spelling is 'Iweté•mlaykin. This site is part of the ancestral homeland of the Nimigpuu (Nez Perce) and is considered sacred land. As . . . — — Map (db m111348) HM
Spring signaled the return of food for the Wal'waama (the Wallowa band of the Nez Perce). The first roots began to appear, and most important, the salmon returned. The sockeye runs in the Wallowa River were heavy, teeming with at the promise of . . . — — Map (db m111340) HM
Born between 1785 and 1790, tiwi∙teqis came to be the principal leader of the walwá∙ma (Wallowa Band), In 1839 he was baptized and christened "Joseph," a name he carried of the rest of his life, despite later renouncing . . . — — Map (db m111364) HM
The Indian Peoples of the Columbia River did not bury their dead until very recent times.
Instead, bodies were wrapped in robes or tule mats and deposited in canoes which were placed in the woods, on rocky points, or in cedar vaults on islands . . . — — Map (db m112253) HM
Until very recent times, the Indian people of the Columbia River did not bury their dead, Instead, bodies were wrapped in robes or tule mats and deposited in canoes that were placed in the woods, on rocky points, or in cedar vaults on islands like . . . — — Map (db m113517) HM
Before a network of dams controlled the Columbia River it was a raging torrent. Here at Wyam Falls, known today as Celilo Falls, a vertical drop of more than 20 feet and sheer basalt bluffs on either shore forced the river into seething, boiling . . . — — Map (db m34581) HM
In Commemoration of
the Celilo Falls Fishing Grounds
Historic fishing trading and gathering place for Indians of many Tribes from time immemorial until inundated by the rising waters of
Lake Celilo in March 1957 — — Map (db m111983) HM
Although the Lewis and Clark expedition established Rock Fort under ominous conditions, their experience was not as threatening as they had been warned. It is possible that the perceived hostility had more to do with the tensions between the . . . — — Map (db m158411) HM
Before The Dalles Dam was built, the Columbia River plunged over Celilo Falls and cut through the Narrows or Five Mile Rapids. Although obstacles to navigation, the falls created the region’s greatest fishing site. For more than 10,000 years . . . — — Map (db m111985) HM
Assets of the Columbia River, from the Dalles east at the Long Narrows and Cielo Falls was the most productive fishing area in North America. The power of salmon in the lives of American Indians living along the Columbia River can not be . . . — — Map (db m158361) HM
On the journey down the Columbia, the expedition relied upon the Nez Perce chief Twisted Hair (Walamo> ńus'ynia) for his knowledge of the river rapids and interpretive skills with the downstream people.
As the expedition passed village . . . — — Map (db m158410) HM
(The left side of this marker is badly damaged. This is the best interpretation the contributor could make out.)
Along time ago my people in the Cascades learned that white men would come. One old man, I believe, learned of it at night. He . . . — — Map (db m158362) HM
The Dalles has long been a center of commerce between the Pacific Coast and inland Plateau. Chinook Indian traders, negotiated trade using "Chinookk jargon,' a mixture of Salish, Nootka, Chinook, and eventually English. Here could be found trade . . . — — Map (db m158363) HM
Courthouse Square Park is a monument to the civic and commercial aspirations of Dayton’s founders, Joel Palmer, his son-in-law Andrew Smith and Christopher Taylor. Palmer and Taylor, who settled here to farm in 1848, laid out the town site on the . . . — — Map (db m114311) HM
This Pioneer Park and Blockhouse honors General Joel Palmer, Superintendant of Indian Affairs for the Oregon Territory from 1853 to 1857. Appointed by President Franklin Pierce. Frontiersman, author, legislator and friend of the Indian. His journal, . . . — — Map (db m114312) HM
Good-bye to Our Homelands
For thousands of years we lived on this land, thankful for its bounty. We lived for generations until white men came in strange clothes brining goods to trade, and wanting more, always wanting more. A westward . . . — — Map (db m240134) HM
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