Historical Markers and War Memorials in Washington DC 20003

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Historical Markers and War Memorials in Washington DC 20003

By Allen C. Browne, October 12, 2013

Cortelyou House Marker

1 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Cortelyou House — 1891 — Residence of George B. Cortelyou —

This residence was designed by architect Appleton P. Clark, Jr. and built in 1891 for Daniel Birtwell. In 1900, George Bruce Cortelyou occupied the house when he became secretary to President McKinley. Cortelyou continued to serve in public office . . . — — Map (db m69292) HM

2 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Freedmen’s Memorial Monument to Abraham Lincoln — or Freedom’s Memorial —

In grateful memory of Abraham Lincoln. This monument was erected by the Western Sanitary Commission of Saint Louis, Mo., with funds contributed solely by emancipated Citizens of the United States declared free by his Proclamation, January 1st . . . — — Map (db m41617) HM

3 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northeast Washington, Kingman Park — In Memory of Eastern High School Alumni —

In Memory of Eastern High•School Alumni Who•Died•For Humanity Spanish American War World War — — Map (db m114912) WM

4 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — The Fighting Falcon — [113 Wing, D.C. Air National Guard] —

The F-16 became the D.C. Air National Guard alert duty aircraft on Sept. 11, 2001. For twelve years, this capable fighter has responded to more than 4,000 individual alert missions over the District of Columbia. The U.S. Air Force has flown the . . . — — Map (db m74097) HM WM

5 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — The Fighting Falcon — [113 Wing, D.C. Air National Guard] —

6 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Ann G. Sprigg —

Ann G. Sprigg ran a boarding house, where Abraham Lincoln lived during his time as a U.S. Representative from Illinois (March 4th 1847 to March 3rd, 1849), at the present-day site of the Library of Congress Jefferson Building. The Sprigg . . . — — Map (db m211910) HM

7 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Anna Murray-Douglass —

For Anna & Frederick Douglass, their work, home, & life centered on abolition, & fair treatment & respect for African Americans. Anna met Frederick, an enslaved 17-year-old in 1838. They fell in love; she encouraged, & financed his flight . . . — — Map (db m211913) HM

8 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Barney at Bladensburg — Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

Barney Circle honors U.S. Navy Commodore Joshua Barney. In August 1814, Barney, his Chesapeake Flotillamen, and a contingent of U.S. Marines guarded a bridge over the Eastern Branch (Anacostia River) on today's Bladensburg Road, NE. When it became . . . — — Map (db m80473) HM

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9 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Benjamin Franklin McAlwee —

Benjamin Franklin McAlwee Medal of Honor Serg. Maj. Co D 3 MD Infantry Civil War Jan 7 1838 - June 28 1918 — — Map (db m141890) HM

10 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Commemorating The American Revolutionary Service of General Peterson Goodwyn —

General Peterson Goodwyn equipped his own company and was cited for gallantry at the battles of Smithfield and Great Bridge — member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1789 – 1802, elected as a Democrat to the eighth and seven succeeding Congresses . . . — — Map (db m80692) HM

11 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Congressional Cemetery Government Lots —

Civil War Washington City Over the course of the Civil War, the nation's capital was transformed. The dignified government city Pierre Charles L' Enfant laid out in 1791 was hardened into a sprawling military center. Encircled by strong . . . — — Map (db m139512) HM

12 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Elbridge Gerry —

In Honor of Elbridge Gerry The only signer of the Declaration of Independence Interred in the District of Columbia — — Map (db m81296) HM

13 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Elbridge Gerry — Congressional Cemetery —

Elbridge Gerry was a 1762 graduate of Harvard and a signer of the Declaration of Independence and Vice President of the United States. Gerry served as a representative from Massachusetts to the First Continental Congress, and on July 4, 1776, he . . . — — Map (db m141885) HM

14 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Fourth Street M.E. Church Memorial —

Erected by the Board of Trustees of Fourth Street M.E. Church July 1, 1893, in memory of the dead removed from the old Methodist Burial Ground, formerly called "Our [unreadable] Well"

"Blessed are the dead which die in the Lord . . . — — Map (db m211920) HM

15 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Gadsby Vault —

Established in 1836 by hotelier John Gadsby, this structure was built to house many members of his family. An immigrant from England, Gadsby started his career in Alexandria in 1795. His reputation for fine hospitality was sealed at the City . . . — — Map (db m211921) HM

16 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Heroes of 1814 — Star-Spangled Banner Historic Trail — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

Congressional Cemetery, founded 1807, is the resting ground for many War of 1812 figures. Among them are Navy Yard Commandant Thomas Tingey, the first architect of the Capitol, Dr. William Thornton, State Department Clerk Stephen Pleasonton, and . . . — — Map (db m80481) HM

17 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — John Philip Sousa — Congressional Cemetery —

John Philip Sousa (1854–1932), known as the “March King,” grew up in Washington on G Street SE, between 6th and 7th. Sousa became a leader of the Marine Band in 1880 and served in this position for 12 years, leading band tours . . . — — Map (db m82268) HM

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18 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — John Smilie — Congressional Cemetery —

Patriot John Smilie (1741-1812) joined the militia when the Revolutionary War began, leaving his Pennsylvania farm in the care of his wife. He was elected to the Pennsylvania state legislature in 1784. A vocal abolitionist, Smilie was instrumental . . . — — Map (db m141886) HM

19 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Lee Dittman Shapiro 1949-1987 / James T. Lindelof 1957-1987 —

Filmmakers Lee Shapiro and Jim Leindelof spent six months inside Afghanistan traveling with the mujahidin documenting the plight of the Afghan people under Soviet occupation. On Oct. 9, 1987, they were ambushed and killed outside Kabul. . . . — — Map (db m211912) HM

20 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Leonard P. Matlovich —

Never Again 6 July 1943 Never Forget 22 June 1988 A Gay Vietnam Veteran When I was in the military they gave me a medal for killing two men and a discharge for loving one. [Presidential plaque on grave . . . — — Map (db m141894) WM

21 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Levi Casey —

1749 - 1807 Revolutionary War Soldier Levi Casey Lieutenant Colonel-SC — — Map (db m141897) HM

22 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Mathew Brady — Congressional Cemetery —

Mathew Brady (1822-1895) is considered by some to be the father of photojournalism, thanks to his photos of the Civil War. His exhibit "The Dead of Antietam" showed photos of corpses and was the first time many had seen the realities of war in . . . — — Map (db m211915) HM

23 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — National Underground Railroad Network to Freedom —

Historic Congressional Cemetery is the final resting place of four significant contributors to the Underground Railroad. William Boyd • John Dean • David A. Hall • Hannibal Hamlin — — Map (db m141883) HM

24 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Peter Perkins Pitchlynn — (Ha-tchoo-tuc-knee) —

Choctaw Chief—Diplomat—Education Leader Born January 30, 1896 Died January 17, 1881 • Principal Chief, Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma 1864-1866 • Tribal Commissioner for land claims against the U.S. Government (1853-61 — . . . — — Map (db m139480) HM

25 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Pushmataha — Congressional Cemetery —

Brigadier General Pushmataha (1764-1824) was a Choctaw chief, warrior, hunter, and great friend of many, including President Andrew Jackson. In 1812, Pushmataha led 1,000 warriors of Choctaw Nation to fight alongside Jackson at the Battle of New . . . — — Map (db m141889) HM

26 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Seafarers Yacht Club — 1950 M Street, SE — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

The Seafarers Yacht Club is the oldest African American boat club on the East Coast. It was founded in 1945 by Lewis T. Green, Sr., a vocational arts teacher in the DC Public Schools who built boats as a hobby. Needing a dock, he contacted the U.S. . . . — — Map (db m89445) HM

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27 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — September 11 Healing Poles —

The totem pole you see here was carved by the Lummi Nation of Washington State in remembrance of those that lost their lives during the tragic events of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Located along the Ward Six 9-11 memorial path, . . . — — Map (db m211918) HM WM

28 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — September 11 Memorial Path —

This path is the official Ward 6, September 11, 2001 Memorial honoring and remembering those who lost their lives during the terrorist attacks in New York City, Washington, DC, and Pennsylvania. It was designed to be a sensory experience to . . . — — Map (db m211917) WM

29 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — The Mathew Brady Memorial —

Mathew Brady was one of the most outstanding early photographers in American history, with his work from 1844 to 1895. He is credited today as the father of photojournalism. This memorial was erected to honor him & his photography, as well his . . . — — Map (db m211914) HM

30 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — The Public Vault — Congressional Cemetery —

- Built by Congress in 1835 at a cost of $5,000. - Used as a temporary receiving vault for bodies to be interred here or elsewhere at a later date. - No charge for members of Congress, but $5 per month for private citizens. - The . . . — — Map (db m211922) HM

31 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — The Symbolism in the Poles — 9-11 Memorial — [Historic Congressional Cemetery] — Reported permanently removed

Peace – War [Rendering of the Healing Totem Poles] Liberty - Freedom Sovereignty The cross piece at the top carries two eagles: Peace, a female, faces east; War, a male, faces west. The eagles are symbols of courage and . . . — — Map (db m39960) HM

32 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Thomas R. Gedney — Subdued America's First Presidential Assassin — Congressional Cemetery —

On the “cold, damp” day of Friday, January 30, 1835 President Andrew Jackson and other dignitaries attended a memorial service in the Capitol Rotunda for the recently deceased South Carolina Congressman Warren R. Davis. As the crows departed at the . . . — — Map (db m141888) HM

33 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — U.S. Arsenal Explosion Memorial —

Dedicated to the Memory of the Victims of the U.S. Arsenal Explosion on June 17, 1864 Ellen Roche • Julia McEwen • Bridget Dunn • W. E. Tippett • Margaret Horan • Johanna Connors • Susan Harris Lizzie Brahler • Margaret . . . — — Map (db m80961) HM WM

34 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — U.S. Arsenal Explosion Memorial —

Killed by an explosion at the U.S. Arsenal Washington D.C. June 17th 1864 Ellene Roche • Julia McEwen • Bridget Dunn • W.E. Tippett • Margaret Horan • Johanna Connors • Susan Harris • Lizzie Brahler • Margaret C. Yonson • . . . — — Map (db m211916) HM WM

35 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — UH-IV Iroquois — Army National Guard — District of Columbia Armory —

The venerable UH-I “HUEY” helicopter was a beloved work horse for the District of Columbia Army National Guard, safely and reliably supporting the Nation’s Capital for over 40 years. With 2-4 crew members, HUEYs carried up to 6 litter patients . . . — — Map (db m73785) HM WM

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36 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Uriah Tracy — Congressional Cemetery —

Uriah Tracy (1755-1807) was a Revolutionary War patriot and later a Senator from Connecticut. As a young man, he joined a militia company that responded to the famous Lexington Alarm in 1775. Tracy studied law at Yale & served in the Connecticut . . . — — Map (db m141895) HM

37 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Barney Circle — Welcome — Congressional Cemetery —

Welcome to Congressional Cemetery, a place where American heritage comes to life every day. There are about 65,000 people buried on these 35 acres, and about half of them are children. Historic Congressional Cemetery predates Arlington . . . — — Map (db m141882) HM

38 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — "The Maples" —

Built in 1797, by William Mayne Duncanson during whose residency General George Washington was his guest. — — Map (db m166998) HM

39 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — "The President's Own" — United States Marine Band —

The Marine Barracks Annex was established August 23, 2004, and is home to "The President's Own" United States Marine Band. Founded by an Act of Congress in 1798, the Marine Band is the oldest continuously professional musical organization in the . . . — — Map (db m210267) HM

40 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 545 Eighth Street, S.E. — Vernacular brick retail building — Perservation Trust —

Built in 1912 for Louis Rosenburg. Facade easement donated to The Preservation Trust in 1982. — — Map (db m230702) HM

41 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 15 — A Fine House In the Woods — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

Since 1936 Friendship House, across the street, has operated an array of social service programs from this grand Federal style house, also known as "The Maples." Friendship House is the city's oldest such agency. It was founded in 1904 by . . . — — Map (db m166999) HM

42 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 6 — A Neighborhood For Everyone — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

The buildings near this corner were built during a wave of private development that began after the United States won the Spanish-American War in 1898, and became a world power for the first time. As America flexed its muscles, the world — . . . — — Map (db m130725) HM

43 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — American Legion Post 8 —

Chartered 1922 In memory of all members of the Armed Forces who served their country American Legion Post 8 Sons of the American Legion Squadron 8 American Legion Auxiliary — — Map (db m116123) WM

44 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 2 — At the Crossroads — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

The large building that wraps around this corner was constructed as a department store in 1892 by Elizabeth A. Haines. She proudly advertised it as "the largest store in the world, built, owned and controlled by a woman." Back then extended . . . — — Map (db m130726) HM

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45 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Capitol Hill Presbyterian Church —

The Presbytery of the Potomac organized the Capitol Hill Presbyterian Church on April 11, 1864 and installed its organizing pastor, the Reverend John Chester, D.D. This gothic style building was designed by Washington architect Emil . . . — — Map (db m116128) HM

46 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Carolina Theatre — 1913-1952 —

Carolina Theatre was located at the southwest corner of Eleventh Street & North Carolina Avenue Razed early 1970s Drawing of entrance on North Carolina Avenue based on plans at the National Archives B.F. Meyers (1865-1940), . . . — — Map (db m128222) HM

47 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 11 — Change and Renewal — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

When the Southeast-Southwest Freeway above you was constructed along the route of Virginia Avenue in the 1960s, houses and businesses were destroyed and hundreds of residents were relocated. Fashionable dwellings (included the home of . . . — — Map (db m184999) HM

48 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Christ Church —

. . . — — Map (db m39163) HM

49 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 12 — Christ Church and Its Parishioners — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

This is Christ Church, Washington Parish, the first Episcopal church established in Washington City (1794), and attended by Presidents Thomas Jefferson and John Quincy Adams. At first Christ Church met in a nearby tobacco warehouse. In . . . — — Map (db m130727) HM

50 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 3 — Commerce and Community — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

The home/music studio of John Esputa, Jr., once occupied part of the site of 507 Eighth Street across the street. Among Esputa’s students was John Philip Sousa, whose irresistible marches made him one of America’s first musical superstars. By . . . — — Map (db m231582) HM

51 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Destroying the Library — Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

The original Library of Congress occupied a room in the U.S. Capitol. When British troops burned the Capitol in 1814, the collection was destroyed. After the war Thomas Jefferson helped re-establish the library by selling to Congress at a . . . — — Map (db m80848) HM

52 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Eastern Market — A Lively Market for a Lively Neighborhood —

Established by order of President Thomas Jefferson 1805, this building constructed 1873, designed by Adolf Cluss, additions 1907-8 by Snowden Ashford. Eastern Market, one of three public markets proposed in L’Enfant’s Plan, was established in . . . — — Map (db m20358) HM

53 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Ebenezer United Methodist Church — 400 D Street, SE — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

Ebenezer United Methodist Church is Capitol Hill’s oldest independent Black congregation. Ebenezer UMC was founded in 1827 by African Americans who left a biracial church on Capitol Hill because the White congregants practiced segregation. The new . . . — — Map (db m30053) HM

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54 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Ebenezer United Methodist Church —

The first public school for colored children of the District of Columbia. Named Little Ebenezer and located within the boundaries of the Capitol Hill Historic District. Designated a Category II Landmark by the Joint Committee on Landmarks April 29, . . . — — Map (db m116119) HM

55 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 1 — Edge of the Row — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

America’s oldest navy and marine installations are just blocks from where you are standing. This is the northern edge of a Capitol Hill community shaped by the presence of the U.S. military. Eighth Street is its commercial center. The . . . — — Map (db m130729) HM

56 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 4 — Healing the Wounded — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

In 1866 the Navy completed the hospital you see across the street to treat injured and ailing seamen. With beds for 50, it included the carriage house/stable and cast-iron fence and (around the corner) the gazebo. Its front door originally . . . — — Map (db m130732) HM

57 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 13 — In the Alley — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

You are standing in one of Washington’s remaining inhabited alleys, behind the buildings that face G, E (there is no F Street here), Sixth and Seventh streets. In 1897 the alley had 22 tiny dwellings sheltering well over 100 people. Today six . . . — — Map (db m130734) HM

58 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — John Philip Sousa — (1854 - 1932) —

Author, Bandmaster, composer of: Stars and Stripes Forever, Washington Post, "Semper Fidelis", and other famous marches, was born in this house on November 6, 1854 Restored 1960-1 Randall C. & Jaquire D. . . . — — Map (db m39264) HM

59 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — John W. Harrod — April 3, 1941 - August 23, 2010 —

Executive Director of Market 5 Gallery and Kuumba Center at Eastern Market 1973-2008 John Harrod directed Market 5 Gallery and the Kuumba Center after Mayor Walter E. Washington started a neighborhood arts initiative in each ward of . . . — — Map (db m116126) HM

60 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 14 — Life on the Park — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

You are standing across from Marion Park, named for Francis Marion, the celebrated South Carolina state senator (1782-1790) who earned the moniker "Swamp Fox" for his brilliant stealth tactics against the British during the Revolutionary War. . . . — — Map (db m130735) HM

61 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Limestone of Lost Legacies —

Limestone of Lost Legacies is a mural project to memorialize five teens who lost their lives to gun violence in the 2017-2018 school year in the District of Columbia. The five lives being commemorated are a snapshot of the widespread epidemic of . . . — — Map (db m152722) HM

62 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Little Ebenezer —

As our nation celebrated its 200th anniversary in 1976, Ebenezer United Methodist Church celebrated 138 years of service to God, humanity, country, home, and community. This model is a replica of Little Ebenezer, the frame church that stood on this . . . — — Map (db m116122) HM

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63 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Marine Barracks Washington, D.C. — Established 1801 — Semper Fidelis 1801 —

The oldest active post in the Marine Corps, Marine Barracks Washington, D.C., was founded in 1801 by President Thomas Jefferson and the second commandant of the Marine Corps, Lt. Col. William Ward Burrows. Better known as "8th & I," the Barracks . . . — — Map (db m210266) HM

64 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Mary McLeod Bethune —

Mary McLeod Bethune 1875–1955 Let her works praise her. I leave you love. • I leave you hope. • I leave you the challenge of developing confidence in one another. • I leave you a thirst for education. • I leave you a . . . — — Map (db m5505) HM

65 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 16 — Meet You At the Market — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

This is Eastern Market, where for more than a century farm products have drawn shoppers from the neighborhood and around the city. It is Washington's only 19th-century market to remain in continuous operation to this day. Eastern Market . . . — — Map (db m130736) HM

66 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — National Association of University Women, Inc. — 1001 E Street Southeast — Capitol Hill Historic District —

Phyllis J. Eggleston Purchased House (August 25, 1995) Dr. Ezora J. Proctor Burned Mortgage (March 23, 2000) Letisa Vereen Renovated & Re-Opened (April 22, 2022)

This property . . . — — Map (db m235721) HM

67 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 5 — Oldest Post of the Corps — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

On your left is Marine Barracks Washington, D.C., the oldest continuously manned post in the U.S. Marine Corps. The installation was originally designed by architect George Hadfield in 1801 with a central parade ground and housing for 500 . . . — — Map (db m130737) HM

68 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Original Site Of Providence Hospital —

Providence Hospital was located on this site during the years 1861 through 1956. Founded in 1861 by the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul from Emmitsburg, Maryland. The Hospital was chartered by an Act of Congress in 1864. During . . . — — Map (db m116116) HM

69 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Seventy Fifth Anniversary — 1864 - 1939 — Ebenezer M.E. Church - Rev. F.F. King, Pastor —

Site of the First Free School for Negro Children in the District of Columbia given by Joseph S. Martin May 21, 1939. Garnet C. Wilkinson, First Asst. Supt. • Howard H. Long, Asst. Supt. • A. Kiger Savoy , Asst. Supt. • Corinne E. . . . — — Map (db m212133) HM

70 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — St. Mark's Church — 301 A Street Southeast —

St. Mark's Church Congregation established, 1867 Church construction begun, 1888 Listed in the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior in 1973 under the . . . — — Map (db m116130) HM

71 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — 7 — Strike Up the Band — Tour of Duty — Barracks Row Heritage Trail —

If you are hearing the ringing tones of band music, one of the ensembles of the world-famous United States Marine Band may be practicing inside the Marine Barracks. John Philip Sousa, the neighborhood’s most famous son, spent 19 years . . . — — Map (db m130738) HM

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72 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — The Capitol in Flames — Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

The U.S. Capitol was the British troop's first target when they arrived in Washington on August 24, 1814, only hours after their afternoon victory at the Battle of Bladensburg. The invaders fired rockets through the Capitol's windows. When the . . . — — Map (db m80844) HM

73 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — The Furies House — Furies Collective — 219 11th Street Southeast —

. . . — — Map (db m230704) HM

74 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — The Old Naval Hospital —

The Neighborhood This site has been associated with Navy medicine since 1800 when an apothecary shop located here provided medical services to sailors and marines from the nearby Navy Yard and Marine Barracks. Naval Hospital, . . . — — Map (db m127966) HM

75 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Kingman Park — George Preston Marshall — Reported permanently removed

(west face): [image of George Preston Marshall] Founder of the Washington Redskins Pioneer in the National Football League (east face): [image of Washington Redskins logo] The Washington Redskins organized in nation's . . . — — Map (db m15751) HM

76 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Kingman Park — Whitney M. Young, Jr. Memorial Bridge —

Named in honor of Whitney Moore Young, Jr. 1921-1971 Humanitarian-scholar and venerable leader of the National Urban League whose work produced landmark changes in civil rights laws and notable progress towards social and economic justice . . . — — Map (db m15606) HM

77 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 9 — 100M — Then & Now — Capitol Riverfront — Reported permanently removed

Prior to the plot of land at the corner of 1st and M Streets, SE being purchased by Opus East, the On Luck Cafeteria and Zohery Bus Tours garage were open and operating for many years. Open since the 1960s, On Luck Cafeteria served up fried chicken . . . — — Map (db m141563) HM

78 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 7 — 1015 Half — Then & Now — Capitol Riverfront — Reported permanently removed

1015 Half Street is a 421,000 square-feet Class A office building originally started by OPUS East but finished by Skanska and now owned by Prudential. Started in 2008, the building stood as a vacant shell through much of the Great Recession until it . . . — — Map (db m141556) HM

79 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 13 — 1221 Van — Then & Now — Capitol Riverfront — Reported permanently removed

The parcel on which 1221 Van is located was once the site of a much frequented gas station at the corner of South Capitol and N Streets, which operated until late 2007. Once owned by Monument Realty and Lehman Brothers, the site was purchased by the . . . — — Map (db m141573) HM

80 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1631 — Transportation Walk —

America's first ferry-man Edward Converse is paid one or two pence a person, six pence per pig and extra monies to run the ferry at night across the Charles River between Boston and Charlestown. — — Map (db m112728) HM

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81 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1775 — Transportation Walk —

America's First Submarine, the Turtle, is built by David Bushnell to break the British blockade of New York. The driver uses a hand driven propeller to move it beneath its target. — — Map (db m112730) HM

82 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1775 — Transportation Walk —

Daniel Boone follows the Warriors' Path and blazes the Wilderness Road through the Cumberland Gap. From 1775 to 1810, over 200,000 settlers move west through the Gap. — — Map (db m112731) HM

83 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1786 — Elias Hasket Derby —

The first American trading ship arrives at the port of Canton, China. Following the American Revolution, merchant Elias Derby's ships make 45 voyages to new markets in the East Indies and China. — — Map (db m112729) HM

84 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1804-1806 — Meriwether Lewis, William Clark —

Lewis, Clark and the Corps of Discovery seek the "shortest and most convenient route to the Pacific." Their versatile 55 foot keelboat can be rowed, poled, sailed or pulled up the Missouri River and carry 10 tons of supplies. — — Map (db m112732) HM

85 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1804-1806 — Sacagawea —

A Shoshone Indian woman, Sacagawea, accompanies Lewis and Clark as an interpreter and enables the expedition to purchase horses. Clark calls her his "pilot" through the Rockies. — — Map (db m112733) HM

86 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1806 — Thomas Jefferson —

Better roads link the nation and enable people and goods to move inland. In 1806, Thomas Jefferson signs the law authorizing the construction of the first federal highway, the National Road. — — Map (db m112734) HM

87 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1817 — Transportation Walk — Reported unreadable

Captain Henry M. Shreve designs a shallow hull and high-pressure engine so steamboats can navigate upriver to Western Waters. His Washington makes the round trip between Louisville and New Orleans in 41 days. — — Map (db m112741) HM

88 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1825 — DeWitt Clinton —

The 363-mile Erie Canal, promoted by New York governor Clinton, opens. Settlers move west and the cost to move goods east decreases 90%. New York becomes the busiest port in America. — — Map (db m112743) HM

89 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1827 — Transportation Walk —

New York City's first public transportation route operates the 12-seat stagecoach Accommodation. By 1832, horses pull metal-wheel street railway cars on metal tracks. — — Map (db m112744) HM

90 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1830 — John B. Jervis —

Chief engineer Jervis designs the steam engine Experiment for the Mohawk & Hudson Railroad. The first free-swinging four-wheel front truck becomes the standard American design and enables speeds of 80 miles per hour. — — Map (db m112739) HM

91 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1830 — Transportation Walk —

Peter Cooper races his steam locomotive Tom Thumb against the horse-drawn B&O Railroad. Within a year, the B&O is an all-steam railroad. — — Map (db m112742) HM

92 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1830 / 1899 — Reported permanently removed

1830. There are 23 miles of railroad tracks in the United States. 1899. There are 186,000 miles of railroad tracks in the United States. — — Map (db m112750) HM

93 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1830 / 1899 —

1830. There are 23 miles of railroad track in the United States. 1899. There are 186,000 miles of railroad track in the United States. — — Map (db m213298) HM

94 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1833 — Joseph Walker —

Trappers gain early knowledge of routes through the West. After years in the mountains, Walker leads the first party overland to the Great Salt Lake and then the Yosemite Valley. — — Map (db m112745) HM

95 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1837 — Transportation Walk —

John Ericsson's steam driven screw propeller is more efficient than the paddle wheel and is still used today. In 1862 he applies this and other improvements to his design of the ironclad Monitor. — — Map (db m112748) HM

96 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1840-1950 — Reported permanently removed

Enslaved and free African-Americans were the primary railroad builders in the South before and after the Civil War. For generations, railroad companies employed more African-Americans than any other industry in the U.S. — — Map (db m112740) HM

97 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1840-1950 —

Enslaved African Americans and free Blacks were the primary railroad builders in the antebellum South before and after the Civil War. Railroad companies employed more Blacks than any other industry. — — Map (db m170381) HM

98 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1859 —

The Nationals Baseball Club of Washington, D.C. is founded by a group, including government clerks, only 13 years after the first rules of the game were established. — — Map (db m114053) HM

99 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1860 — Johnny Fry —

For 19 months, until the telegraph replaced it, the Pony Express provides the fastest mail service to California. Fry rides the first leg in and out of St. Joseph, Missouri. The mail reaches Sacramento in 10 days. — — Map (db m112747) HM

100 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Navy Yard — 1865-1869 — Reported permanently removed

Chinese were hired to do the dangerous work of blasting and laying ties over the treacherous High Sierras. Comprising nearly 80% of Central Pacific's workforce, their contributions made possible the Transcontinental Railroad. — — Map (db m112738) HM

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