By 1918, the developments in telephone and telegraphic communication played a major role in how armies fought on the battlefield. For artillerists, this meant the eventual end of signal flags and runners. Now forward observers could report back to . . . — — Map (db m104324) HM
No Man’s Land referred to the battle shape between the front line trenches. Soldiers entered No Man’s land during major attacks, raids, patrols, barbed wire maintenance details and to bring in casualties. Except for major attacks which usually . . . — — Map (db m104266) HM
No Man's Land referred to the battle space between the opposing front line trenches. Soldiers entered No Man's Land during major attacks, when raiding or conducting patrols, when detailed to repair or construct barbed wire entanglements, and in . . . — — Map (db m217228) HM
The World War II-era Obstacle Course was part of the Army’s effort to physically train and prepare recruits for the rigors of combat. The Army’s physical training regimen consisted of different activities including military drill, calisthenics . . . — — Map (db m104884) HM
Assaulted by the 1st U.S. Infantry Division and the 29th U.S. Infantry Division, Omaha Beach was divided into four major landing areas: "Charlie," "Dog," "Easy," and "Fox." It was also the most heavily defended landing beach and costliest in . . . — — Map (db m217144) HM
The M101 series howitzer, or M2A1, first entered service in 1940 in order to provide close infantry support. Following changes made to its carriage during World War II, which added more frontal shielding, the M101 was reclassified the M101A1. . . . — — Map (db m104330) HM
The Beginning of the End
D-Day was the largest amphibious invasion ever recorded in history. It consisted of efforts from eight nations from the Allied powers: America, Great Britain, France, Canada, Poland, Denmark, Norway, and Greece. . . . — — Map (db m217159) HM
“Pine Cottage”, (reconstructed) demonstrates vertical log construction. Instead of laying logs horizontally and joining them at the corners with “custom” cut, corner notches, logs were placed upright and tied together at the . . . — — Map (db m105016) HM
Underground rooms called dugouts were used for a variety of purposes from storing supplies, housing troops and communication centers near the front line. Many were built deep underground using heavy timbers and corrugated iron and were often . . . — — Map (db m104088) HM
Doug Wallace entered active duty as a PV2 in Evacuation Platoon, Charlie Company, 101st Forward Support Battalion, 1st Infantry Division, in October 1990. Two months later, his company was deployed to the Middle East as part of Operation Desert . . . — — Map (db m217324) HM
Some of the most important stories about the U.S. Army and the men and women who served in that Army came from their personal diaries, letters, and sketchbooks. The sketchbooks of Willard Dominick tell the story of an America Soldier from his . . . — — Map (db m84138) WM
Airborne
World War II saw the first major use of paratroopers in combat. Three divisions of paratroopers, the American 101st and 82nd Airborne Divisions, and the British 6th Airborne Division, were dropped deep behind enemy lines . . . — — Map (db m217162) HM
Following their two week furloughs, new recruits reported to their designated reception centers, which were usually located inside previously existing sprawling installations. Here America’s soldiers got their first taste of Army life and . . . — — Map (db m105021) HM
American forces remained on a heightened state of alert during the Cold War, especially those in West Germany, should a war against the Soviets ever materialize. One way in which the U.S. Army prepared itself for such an event was through . . . — — Map (db m104801) HM
Joseph Plum Martin, age 15, enlisted for 6 months service in the 5th Connecticut Regiment on July 6, 1776 and served the Continental cause until freedom was secured. During his 7 years of service he participated in the campaigns of the . . . — — Map (db m104611) HM
Wood was the primary heating fuel used by Soldiers during the Revolutionary War. Soldiers received a ration of one-half of a cord of wood per room per day. Officers had better quarters than enlisted men. A Colonel, for example, would have two . . . — — Map (db m104612) HM
Sergeant (SGT) Robert Easley, Jr. was severely wounded in action on October 15, 2012, while conducting operations in southern Afghanistan, as part of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). While out on foot patrol, SCT Easley stepped on an Improvised . . . — — Map (db m123203) HM
Raised on a farm in Newville, Pennsylvania, Randall D. Shughart joined the Army after graduating from high school in 1976 and became a member of the elite Special Forces. During the Battle of Mogadishu, Somalia, SFC Shugart and his team leader Gary . . . — — Map (db m123184) HM WM
Frederick A. Counsel, a native of Altoona, Pennsylvania, entered the Army Air Corps in December, 1942 and became an Army artist. He served stateside and recorded many aspects of military life. He also painted murals at Bradley Field, Connecticut . . . — — Map (db m105024) HM
The September 11, 2001 attacks changed every American. For Sergeant Michael Mira it was the catalyst that influenced his decision to change his life by becoming an active defender of the United States. Joining the Army in January of 2002, the . . . — — Map (db m104008) HM
Smallpox is a highly contagious disease caused by the virus Varoila major. Smallpox was a very serious threat during the Colonial era because doctors understood very little about the biology of diseases.
When and where did smallpox . . . — — Map (db m104606) HM
Smallpox and the Revolutionary War
George Washington understood the threat of smallpox. Washington himself had survived the disease when he was 19. He knew there were two ways to control smallpox: variolate the healthy or quarantine the . . . — — Map (db m104607) HM
Smallpox at Quebec
In December 1775, over a thousand Continental Army Soldiers, under the command of General Benedict Arnold and General Richard Montgomery, assembled outside Quebec. The men were tired and weak from a long, cold march. Like . . . — — Map (db m104608) HM
Although individual marksmen had been employed during previous conflicts, World War One brought the sniper into the modern age of battle. Armed with a rifle fitted with magnifying optical scopes, snipers were used to return limited offensive . . . — — Map (db m104203) HM
Although individual marksmen had been employed during previous conflicts, World War One brought the sniper into the modern age of battle. From camouflaged positions, designated marksmen armed with scoped rifles searched for individual targets. . . . — — Map (db m217224) HM
Charles Posey III of Magee, Mississippi, joined the Army in October 2004. Assigned to Co. C, 1/36th Infantry Regiment, 1st Armored Division, Specialist (SPC) Posey was on a Route Clearance Patrol in August, 2006, near Ramadi, Iraq. The mission was . . . — — Map (db m103971) HM
Robert D. Law was born on September 15, 1944 in Fort Worth, Texas. Law joined the Army at Dallas, Texas, in 1967 at the age of 23. He served in the Tinh Phuoc Thanh province of the Republic of Vietnam as part of the Company I, 75th Infantry, 1st . . . — — Map (db m104962) HM
Additional limited protection for troops called Splinter proofs or Shrapnel proofs were constructed at intervals along the trenches to afford immediate protection from bombardments. These features were also used for housing supplies such as . . . — — Map (db m104264) HM
Splinter Proofs, or Shrapnel Proofs, constructed at varying intervals provided immediate, though limited protections from bombardments for troops in the trenches. These features were also used for housing supplies such as flares, ammunition, . . . — — Map (db m217226) HM
Staff Sergeant Fred A. Rella was a combat cameraman from 1941-1945. He was one of thousands of Young Men drafted into the Army prior to America’s entry into World War II. The Bronx, New York resident was a professional photographer who had . . . — — Map (db m103941) HM
After the defeat of General Edward Braddock at the Battle of the Monongahela in July of 1755, (the battle that launched the French and Indian War in North America,) French and Native American forces unleashed a series of raids on the . . . — — Map (db m166789) HM
After the defeat of General Edward Braddock at the Battle of the Monongahela in July of 1755, (the battle that launched the French and Indian War in North America,) French and Native American forces unleashed a series of raids on the Pennsylvania . . . — — Map (db m217304) HM
The British 3rd Infantry Division and French Marines were assigned to Sword Beach, the easternmost beach. Their objective was to secure the beach, while linking with Gold in the west and the 6th British Airborne Division in the east. Sword was . . . — — Map (db m217211) HM
The Cold War saw military clashes and standoffs throughout the world, including Asia. The first conflict involving the United States Army fought on the Asian continent was the Korean War (1950-1953). Although a treaty was signed in 1953 which ended . . . — — Map (db m104800) HM
A redoubt is a small temporary fortification of entrenched earth and wood. These battlefield strong points were designed to provide cover for defending infantry and artillery as well as slow down an attacking force. Several construction elements . . . — — Map (db m104610) HM
A redoubt is a small temporary fortification of entrenched earth and wood. These battlefield strongpoints were designed to provide cover for defending infantry and artillery as well as slow down an attacking force. Several construction elements . . . — — Map (db m217274) HM
The M42, a redesign of the earlier M19, entered service in 1953. Developed to provide low-altitude air defense for armored and mechanical units, the m-42’s anti-aircraft armament was of limited value against modern high-speed jets. As a result, . . . — — Map (db m104742) HM
Responding to the battlefield realities encountered in the North African campaign against German armor, the United States Army Ordnance Department began to develop a heavier anti-tank gun to replace the diminutive 37mm M3A1 then serving on the . . . — — Map (db m168264) HM
Responding to the battlefield realities encountered in the North African campaign against German armor, the United States Army Ordnance Department began to develop a heavier anti-tank gun to replace the diminutive 37mm M3A1 then serving on the . . . — — Map (db m217127) HM
The M60 “Patton” medium MBT was an effective redevelopment of the M48 medium tank, designed to counter the larger armament of the Soviet Union’s T-54 and forthcoming T-62 tanks. Introduced in 1960, the M60 featured a larger 105mm main . . . — — Map (db m104799) HM
The Sherman tank received a brutal initiation to warfare when the U.S. Army first took it into combat on December 6, 1942 against the Germans in the North African country of Tunisia. They quickly found that the Germans’ guns and larger tanks . . . — — Map (db m105019) HM
The 1st Cavalry Division (Air Mobile) arrived in Vietnam in September 1965. Their mission was to defeat the enemy by pioneering a new concept of warfare that used helicopters to fly over enemy positions or rough terrain and insert troops directly . . . — — Map (db m104445) HM
The dream of American Independence remained uncertain after five years of war. During the fall of 1781, a Franco-American force under the command of General George Washington besieged General Lord Cornwallis’ heavily entrenched British Army at . . . — — Map (db m104609) HM
The dream of American Independence remained uncertain after five years of war. During the fall of 1781, a Franco-American force under the command of General George Washington besieged General Lord Corwallis' heavily entrenched British Army at . . . — — Map (db m217268) HM
The dream of American Independence remained uncertain after five years of war. During the fall of 1781, a Franco-American force under the command of General George Washington besieged General Lord Corwallis' heavily entrenched British Army at . . . — — Map (db m217272) HM
This building is a representation of the forge that stood at Washingtonburg, site of present day Carlisle Barracks, during the American Revolution. Our working forge features a replica of a bellows that is purported to be the original bellows of . . . — — Map (db m104887) HM
This building is a representation of the forge that stood at Washingtonburg, site of present day Carlisle Barracks, during the American Revolution. Our working forge features a replica of a bellows that is purported to be the original bellows of . . . — — Map (db m217312) HM
The farthest north attained by any organized body of the Confederate Army of General Robert E. Lee was reached here at the farm of Joseph Miller on the morning of June 28 1863.
Hearing that Sterrett's Gap was occupied by Union troops these . . . — — Map (db m202144) HM
The muddy roads, camouflaged trails and the maze of communication trenches ultimately brought Soldiers to the front line trench. These positions as laid out in the manuals were supposed to be dug deep with reinforced walls, a firing step, sand . . . — — Map (db m104267) HM
The muddy roads, camouflaged trails, and the maze of communication trenches ultimately brought Soldiers to the front line trench. These positions, as laid out in the manuals, were supposed to be dug deep with reinforced walls, a firing step, sand . . . — — Map (db m217234) HM
The Ia Drang battlefield was dotted with large dirt art hills of varying sizes. They were generally very hard, baked earth and were home to ants and termites. These features made good defensive positions and LTC Moore used one as the site of his . . . — — Map (db m104333) HM
The Ia Drang battlefield was dotted with large dirt anthills of varying sizes. They were generally very hard, baked earth and were home to ants and termites. These features made good defensive positions and Lieutenant Colonel Moore used one as . . . — — Map (db m217259) HM
Until 1960, infantry Soldiers were transported overland to the battlefield primarily through their own foot power, or by unarmored soft-skinned wheeled vehicles. Early tracked and armored personnel carriers did appear in World War II, but proved . . . — — Map (db m217323) HM
The American Expeditionary Forces (A.E.F.) was introduced to modern mortars in the trenches of France during World War One. The A.E.F. adopted the British Newton-Stokes design in 3-, 4- and 6-inch calibers as well as the French 240 millimeter heavy . . . — — Map (db m164682) HM
The machine gun and mass artillery of World War One combat dictated an extensive development on both side of below ground fortifications that were simply known as the ‘Trenches”. Ranging from concrete structures to simple ditches, these systems . . . — — Map (db m104047) HM
The machine gun and massed artillery fire of World War One combat dictated an extensive development of below-grade fortifications, used by both sides, that were simply known as the "trenches." Ranging from concrete structures to simple ditches, . . . — — Map (db m217218) HM
Officially known as the M18 76mm Gun Motor Carriage was hardly comparable to the horse and buggy. It was the jaguar of heavy armor during World War II. Nicknamed the "Hellcat" by the men who served in them, the M18 could reach speeds of 50mph on . . . — — Map (db m217221) HM
Officially known as the M18 76mm Gun Motor Carriage, the M18 was hardly comparable to the horse and buggy. It was actually the jaguar of heavy armor during World War II. Nicknamed the “Hellcat” by the men who served in them, the M18 could reach . . . — — Map (db m104046) HM
After World War II, the Army learned that an artillery barrage produces the most casualties in the first few seconds before the enemy could seek cover. In response, the Army learned to time fire from multiple sources to arrive on a target . . . — — Map (db m123245) HM
Since the earliest days of the military, the numbers of Soldiers required dictated the need for an open area for unit formations, training, close order drill, practice, ceremonial events and interaction. As time passed, the Parade Field became an . . . — — Map (db m104825) HM
After the reception centers up to 14,000 soldiers a day reported to one of 242 training centers located throughout the country for roughly eight weeks of basic training. The training consisted of three general phases: turning civilians into . . . — — Map (db m104885) HM
Over 21,000 men of the 4th U.S. Infantry Division (ID), with elements of the 90th Infantry Division and the 4th Mechanized Cavalry Group, stormed Utah Beach. Utah Beach was divided into three sectors: "Tare," "Uncle," and "Victor." The mission of . . . — — Map (db m217171) HM
Artillery has always played a role in fighting our nation’s conflicts. American artillery could accurately engage targets many miles away. Through the use of spotters, radio communications and detailed maps, artillery fire could be quickly requested . . . — — Map (db m104328) HM
The machine gun and mass artillery of World War One combat dictated an extensive development of both side of below ground fortifications that were simply known as the ‘Trenches”. Ranging from concrete structures to simple ditches, these systems . . . — — Map (db m123202) HM
The machine gun and massed artillery fire of World War One combat dictated an extensive development of below-ground fortifications, used by both sides, that were simply known as "the trenches." Ranging from concrete structures to simple ditches, . . . — — Map (db m217212) HM
The massive Army buildup at the beginning of World War II brought together millions of American civilians from all walks of life. After induction, new recruits were assigned to a unit, usually a company in a regiment, and issued uniforms and . . . — — Map (db m105020) HM
In memory of the officers nurses and enlisted men
Medical Department United States Army
who lost their lives during the World War
This tablet erected by their coworkers of the Medical Department — — Map (db m119417) WM
Founded in 1751 as the seat of Cumberland County. Hisoric old frontier town. Supplied a contingent for the first regiment of the Continental Army in 1775. March against the Whiskey Rebels began here, 1794. — — Map (db m16074) HM
One of baseball's great pitchers, Bender played for the Philadelphia Athletics from 1903-14, helping them to win 5 pennants and 3 world championships. After winning 212 games over 16 seasons and becoming one of the first World Series stars, he was . . . — — Map (db m202167) HM
Multiple structures have stood on the spot of Coren Apartments, named for Captain Issac Coren, who began his Army career in Colonel Henry Knox's Continental Artillery Regiment. In January 1777, General George Washington named Coren commander of . . . — — Map (db m119139) HM
Named for the dragoon units stationed at Carlisle Barracks and the Dragoons who trained at its Cavalry School of Practice during the school’s tenure of operation from 1838 to 1861. — — Map (db m120198) HM
Buried here are the Indians who died while attending the Carlisle Indian School (1879-1918). The original Indian cemetery was located to the rear of the grandstand on Indian Field. In 1931 the graves were transferred to this site. — — Map (db m30290) HM
Quarters 2 allegedly sits on the spot of British Colonel John Stanwix’s headquarters that he established in 1757. Stanwix’s camp of regular and provincial troops was the predecessor to Carlisle Barracks. During the Civil War, Confederates . . . — — Map (db m123388) HM
"Capt. Pratt and his two clerks [and others] … have moved their office quarters to the new and handsome building situated where the old chapel stood,” read the 20 November 1891 issue of the Indian Helper, a Carlisle Indian Industrial . . . — — Map (db m123242) HM
Richard Henry Pratt
10th United States Cavalry
1840-1924
Founder of the Carlisle Indian School and its Superintendent from 1879-1904. The Indian School was created through his vision, tenacity, and sense of purpose. Under his leadership. it . . . — — Map (db m122821) HM
On this spot once stood a forge used by artillery artificers in the manufacturing of cannon and shot for the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War. Carlisle Barracks, then known as Washingtonburg, was a facility of the public works and . . . — — Map (db m122406) HM
This school was the model for a nationwide system of boarding schools intended to assimilate American Indians into mainstream culture. Over 10,000 indigenous children attended the school between 1879 and 1918. Despite idealistic beginnings, the . . . — — Map (db m30289) HM
The First School of the American Army
Resolved in Congress 4 February 1778
“That Capt. Issac Corren receive monthly, 25 dollars additional pay, besides his present appointments, in consideration of his teaching the laboratory art to . . . — — Map (db m118968) HM
Thorpe Hall, built in 1887 with funds contributed by Carlisle Indian Industrial School students, served as a gymnasium for the Indian School. Sports flourished at the school, producing top athletes such as Lewis Tewanima, a star long distance . . . — — Map (db m119685) HM
In 1838 the Cavalry School of Practice was opened at Carlisle Barracks by Captain E.V. Sumner of the 1st Dragoons. By 1846 when the Mexican War began, the majority of the troopers of the mounted forces of the United States Army bore the Carlisle . . . — — Map (db m148270) HM
Lucian King Truscott Jr., General U.S. Army, Commanded the 3D Infantry Division, Fifth and Third US Armies during WWII. Awarded the Distinguished Service Cross in 1943 for Extraordinary Heroism during the battle of Sicily. — — Map (db m99643) WM
Upton Hall has changed its identity in more ways than one. Constructed in 1941 and named for Colonel John Van Rensselaer Hoff, who had a career in military medical training, Hoff Hall served as an academic building for the Medical Field Service . . . — — Map (db m122651) HM
Washington Hall
Named in honor of General George Washington who participated in two expeditions launched from Carlisle Barracks against the French and Indians in the colonial period. Erected in 1884 as the Indian School hospital. Served as a . . . — — Map (db m122251) HM
Wheelock Bandstand
Completed in 1980 at the site of the original 1867 bandstand of the cavalry depot and later the Carlisle Indian School. Named in honor of Dennis Wheelock, who graduated from the Indian School in 1890, and was the school’s first . . . — — Map (db m148272) HM
Located at this site, James Bell's tavern was a meeting place for Anti-Federalists. Members of the Anti-Federalist movement from the Cumberland frontier, led by Robert Whitehill, met in 1788 to oppose the US Constitution, because it lacked . . . — — Map (db m109882) HM
The 1886 house and surroundings were an inspiration to this family. Brothers Frank and Eugene became prominent entomologists. Frank’s nationally known conservationist sons, John and Frank, Jr., saved Yellowstone’s grizzlies, popularized falconry, . . . — — Map (db m84116) HM
Governor of Pennsylvania, 1835-1839, lies buried in this cemetery. Born, 1780, in Berks County; died, 1869, at Carlisle. He was noted for having put into practical operation the law of 1834, which established the public school system. — — Map (db m84038) HM
The Plainfield Service Plaza was one of 10 original plazas on the PA Turnpike. Named after the nearby village, the plaza saw its first customers on Oct. 1, 1940 when the Turnpike opened to traffic. Plainfield Plaza was closed Sept. 6, 2011, to be . . . — — Map (db m241784) HM
With its excellent railroad connection, this became the site of the Great Grangers' Interstate Picnic Exhibition, founded 1874 by Robert H. Thomas of the Pennsylvania State Grange. A week's attendance at this annual event was estimated at 100,000 or . . . — — Map (db m169216) HM
During WWII, the US War Dept. operated this secret facility a mile north along Michaux Rd., one of three such sites in the US. Military intelligence relating to topics such as weaponry development and Axis operations was gained from thousands of . . . — — Map (db m84036) HM
Former site of
Mt. Victory U.B. - E.U.B. - U.M. Church
Founders:
William Coulson •
Calvin Coulson •
Alfred Albert
Dedicated 1889
Razed 1992 — — Map (db m19559) HM
Remains of breastworks built in June 1863 to oppose an expected attack on Harrisburg by Confederate troops. Site then known as Hummel's Heights. Fort was named for General Couch, Commander, Eastern Pennsylvania Military Department. — — Map (db m26525) HM
Remains of breastworks at Eighth and Ohio Streets, built before the battle of Gettysburg, to oppose the expected Southern drive on Harrisburg. June 29, 1863, a few Confederate scouts neared here but withdrew. — — Map (db m26526) HM
Left Panel Fort Couch was built as part of the emergency fortifications erected to defend Harrisburg and nearby bridges across the Susquehanna River during the 1863 invasion of Pennsylvania by Confederate forces. Fort Couch was built as an . . . — — Map (db m216436) HM
As Lt. Gen. Richard S. Ewell’s Confederate Second Corps advanced on Harrisburg in June 1863, Union Maj. Gen. Darius N. Couch, charged with the defense of the city, recognized the need for a series of defensive fortifications to be constructed on . . . — — Map (db m167860) HM
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