This memorial is the property of the State of Colorado Hoosier Pass Across Continental Divide between South Park and the Blue River Altitude 11,542 feet Crossed by Fremont 1844 Named for Hoosier . . . — — Map (db m171494) HM
A 900-square-mile grassland basin in the center of Colorado
In 1994 a group of local ranchers gathered to discuss the future of South Park's authentic landscape. From that meeting a vision emerged for preserving our abundant open spaces, . . . — — Map (db m152927) HM
Named by the pioneer miners in expression of their determination for equal opportunity and fair dealing. Site visited by Captain John C. Fremont and Kit Carson in 1844. Fairplay diggings organized and mining laws enacted in April 1860. Seat of Park . . . — — Map (db m152925) HM
Fairplay was settled in 1859 near a promising gold strike on the South Platte River. Vowing that things would be different here than in Tarryall, the founders were said to proclaim, "in this camp we'll have fair play.” When Fairplay became the . . . — — Map (db m152926) HM
At the center of Colorado, the Hartsel area served as a summer hunting ground for the Mountain Utes and other American Indian tribes.
After 1860, fields of irrigated hay replaced native grasses, domestic cattle and sheep replaced the bison, and . . . — — Map (db m107886) HM
Sam Hartsel:
Life in Hartsel has always called for character and adaptability.
Sam Hartsel came to South Park in 1860 to mine but realized that he could make a better living raising food for miners.
Starting with a 160-acre homestead in . . . — — Map (db m107890) HM
In commemoration of
Ralph L. Carr
Governor of Colorado (1939 - 1943)
Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, tens of thousands of Japanese Americans were forcibly sent to internment camps by the federal government. These Americans . . . — — Map (db m152979) HM
This memorial is the
property of the State of Colorado
Spread before you lies the famous
South Park
Entered by Kenosha Pass, elevation 10,000 feet
The Bayou Salado of early trappers.
Favorite Indian . . . — — Map (db m152980) HM
This memorial is the
property of the State of Colorado
Extending up the creek to the mountains were the
Tarryall Diggings
Discovered in July, 1859.
Towns of Hamilton and Tarryall
(2 miles west) thrived in 1860s.
A . . . — — Map (db m152978) HM
Dubbed Bayou Salado by early European explorers, South Park is one of four high-altitude mountain parks in Colorado.
The view from Wilkerson Pass looks down to a great flat plain, perhaps the best-known mountain park in the state.
The name, . . . — — Map (db m153273)
In 1859-60, thousands of people drawn by the promise of gold crossed over the passes into South Park.
Towns named Tarryall, Fairplay, and Buckskin sprang up. This first boom receded by 1864, but the discovery of silver in 1870 spurred another . . . — — Map (db m153258) HM
Water is a precious commodity here and throughout the West.
Forests, fisheries, wetlands, waterfowl populations, and recreation all rely on healthy
watersheds. In addition, the Forest Service manages watersheds in this area that provide large . . . — — Map (db m153269) HM
Before European settlement, healthy stands of widely spaced ponderosa pines and Douglas-firs covered the montane ccosystem.
These open forests likely occurred because lightning caused and human-set fires eliminated some young trees, pine needles, . . . — — Map (db m153257) HM
South Park has long served as a crossroads and a destination for people from other places.
American Indians who came to hunt, collect natural salts, and soak in hot springs established routes through the landscape as they traveled between their . . . — — Map (db m153262) HM
This landscape tells countless stories of human journeys, building homes and lives on the land.
People have always been drawn here for the natural resources: wild game, water. salt, timber, minerals, open spaces, and sweeping mountain views. . . . — — Map (db m153277) HM
Although Pikes Peak is not the highest peak in Colorado, it may be the best known, thanks to "America the Beautiful."
On Pikes Peak, Katharine Lee Bates was inspired to write a song that praises the natural beauty of this country. As you look . . . — — Map (db m153280) HM
The Utes and their ancestors migrated into South Park annually, arriving in the spring and staying into late fall.
They traveled a regular circuit, following the large game herds until the mountain seeds and berries ripened. During the winter, . . . — — Map (db m153282) HM
When gold became hard to find in the 1860s, some Park County gold-seekers turned to ranching.
They quickly learned that irrigation was essential, and that water could turn Park County fields into rich meadows of native hay. By 1861, the rights . . . — — Map (db m153265) HM
In 1886, James W. Price homesteaded here & in 1889 built the Grandview Hotel. In 1900 he & the Colo. & Southern Railway developed Shawnee & built Shawnee Lodge which burned in 1929. In 1900 Price built the Shawnee Mercantile Co. Store & moved the . . . — — Map (db m152982) HM
As the mining town of Cooke City flourished into the 1880s, temporary structures gave way to more permanent establishments. In 1886, John A. Savage and partner John Elder opened a general mercantile whose long history reflects both the lean and . . . — — Map (db m130228) HM
Prospectors discovered rich mineral deposits in the Beartooth Mountains near here in 1874. Christened the New World Mining District, the area included claims with colorful names like Miner’s Delight, Hidden Treasure, Southern Spy and Silver King. . . . — — Map (db m45240) HM
For three months the members of the Nez Perce non-treaty bands had been constantly on the move evading the military. Scouts ranged in front and guarded behind the traveling village of mostly children, women and old people, as they sought safety and . . . — — Map (db m130230) HM
A Blue Ribbon Flowing Through Paradise
The Yellowstone is the longest free-flowing river in the lower 48 states. For the 103 miles downstream from Gardiner, the river is designated as a "Blue Ribbon" trout stream, the longest single . . . — — Map (db m40554) HM
The Absaroka - Beartooth Wilderness, which lies to the east, contains one of the largest single expanses of land above 10,000 feet in elevation in the United States. The U.S. Forest Service set aside portions of the region as primitive areas in . . . — — Map (db m123116) HM
In August 1864,three emigrants, who came to Montana on the Bozeman Trail, arrived here and found men already hard at work mining the creek. The new arrivals decided to try their luck farther up the rugged gulch, finding pay dirt high up the side of . . . — — Map (db m46256) HM
Northern Yellowstone sustains one of the largest and most diverse populations of free-roaming wildlife seen anywhere on earth.
It is often called "America's Serengeti." About half of the approximately 30,000 elk that summer in the park . . . — — Map (db m40566) HM
When the Northern Pacific Railroad announced plans to build a branch line to Yellowstone National Park in the early 1880s, the small town of Gardiner quickly emerged as a "wild west" town. Early accounts labeled it "a veritable Shantyville . . . an . . . — — Map (db m227576) HM
In 1903, most Yellowstone visitors arrived in Gardiner by train where they boarded stagecoaches for the journey into Wonderland. Gardiner had just built a beautiful train depot in the rustic architectural style, and both park administrators and . . . — — Map (db m123115) HM
When Yellowstone was established in 1872 as the world's first national park, it was remote and nearly inaccessible. Few "tourists" had the time or the means to travel here from the major cities of the east and west coasts. However, by 1903 the North . . . — — Map (db m123135) HM
Named for fur trapper, Johnson Gardner, Gardiner has had a rough and tumble history to match. The town was established when one of the earliest entrepreneurs in Yellowstone, James C. McCartney, was invited by the park superintendent to remove . . . — — Map (db m227632) HM
Visit the interpretive trail across the river and take a pleasant walk on an improve trail or enjoy a picnic. A series of interpretive signs will take you on a journey through time to some fascinating eras of history.Past, present and future The . . . — — Map (db m46260) HM
In summer, pronghorn might be the only large mammals you see in this valley. In winter the wildlife picture changes dramatically. Herds of elk and bison, mule deer, and bighorn sheep descend from the snowy high country to look for food. Gardner . . . — — Map (db m40579) HM
Elk - Sometimes called "wapiti" (the Shawnee word for "one with a white rump"), elk are often seen in large herds in open areas where they graze on grasses and forbs. Bull elk have antlers that they shed every year. Each spring as the elk age, . . . — — Map (db m40576) HM
Montana's state fish has a sinister name and a fragile future. Set apart from other trout by red slash marks on either side of the lower jaw, the Yellowstone cutthroat trout is far from murderous. Native only to the Yellowstone River drainage, this . . . — — Map (db m46257) HM
What is different about the northern range soils?
While most of Yellowstone is a high volcanic plateau composed of rhyolite, the northern portion of the park is more complex geologically. Here you find landslides, erodible shales and . . . — — Map (db m40572) HM
Captain William Clark and his party rode from the west, following a creek downstream (now called Billman Creek) to the Yellowstone River. Looking to the south, they could see that the Yellowstone River emerged from between the Absaroka Mountains on . . . — — Map (db m231563) HM
This statue commemorates Sacajawea, whose loyalty, courage and, devotion were instrumental in the success of the Lewis and Clark expedition of 1803-1806.
Holding her infant son Jean Baptiste Charbonneau (nicknamed "Pomp" by Capt. Wn. Clark), she . . . — — Map (db m191659) HM
In his journals, Captain William Clark described the Yellowstone River, which he translated for the French name, Roche Jaune, as "...120 yds. Wide bold, rapid and deep." Clark and his party followed the Yellowstone River for 19 days to . . . — — Map (db m191657) HM
By 1884, a barbershop and restaurant occupied a one-story frame building on this lot. Fire destroyed much of Main Street in 1886, but owner Frederick Wright quickly rebuilt, again of wood. Saloons, restaurants, and barbershops remained the primary . . . — — Map (db m191356) HM
Fire destroyed the first commercial building on this lot in 1886, but owner Walter Ayrault quickly invested $1,000 to replace it. In 1901, the Northern Pacific Railroad expanded its repair shops, ensuring Livingston’s growth; the next year, C. H. . . . — — Map (db m191352) HM
After fire destroyed most of this side of Main Street in 1886, Chicago lawyer and financier James A. Danforth invested in building this double-front, brick commercial building. The original façade featured tall plate-glass windows divided by central . . . — — Map (db m191347) HM
Hand-cut local sandstone showcases the fine craftsmanship of master stonemason Martin Rolfson, who built this Colonial Revival style home in 1900. A hipped roof with front-facing gable and off-center frame porch create balanced asymmetry, while a . . . — — Map (db m191638) HM
This very early Westside home was the first on the block, built during the year Montana achieved statehood in 1889. Its anonymous builder, using locally manufactured brick, constructed the solid walls with three layers of masonry. The front porch . . . — — Map (db m191636) HM
In 1891, only eight years after Livingston’s founding, Julia Rolfson and her husband John, a stone mason, lived in this substantial, brick, cross-gable home. The Italianate style inspired the one-and-one-half-story residence’s wide, overhanging . . . — — Map (db m191584) HM
W. H. Campbell, a physician, president of the Montana State Board of Medical Examiners, and two-term state senator from Park County, built this Queen Anne style home in 1890. The one-and-one-half-story residence has a central hipped roof with two . . . — — Map (db m191641) HM
As the Northern Pacific Railroad made its push across the upper tier of the western states in the early 1880s, Livingston grew to serve its passengers and crews. Convenient to the shops and yards, the Eastside especially was home to the many blue . . . — — Map (db m191727) HM
Blue collar railroad workers were the backbone of the Livingston community and many settled in this area opposite the Northern Pacific shops. Between 1900 and 1910, housing for workers began to fill this neighborhood to accommodate the railroad’s . . . — — Map (db m191741) HM
The US War Department gave this 3-inch Ordnance Rifle, the most widely used
cannon during the war,, to the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), Farragut Post 7.
GAR members voted to include the above slogan, and the dates of the Civil War, . . . — — Map (db m191726) HM
(Three panels make up this marker:) Yellowstone River:
Haven for Great Hers of Wildlife
July 24, 1806
"Saw emenc number of Deer Elk and buffalow on the banks. Some beaver...for me to mention or give an . . . — — Map (db m191921) HM
A wood-frame cigar factory and shooting gallery stood here in 1884. After fire destroyed the buildings in 1886, owner J. A. Danforth quickly rebuilt in brick. Four years later, he added a second story, but the addition was so heavy it damaged the . . . — — Map (db m191386) HM
St. Paul, Minnesota, architect E. P. Bassford designed three buildings side by side in 1884: The First National Bank Building on the corner, then two identical business blocks. The twin commercial buildings were constructed for members of the bank’s . . . — — Map (db m191276) HM
The solid massing of this building follows a long Masonic tradition of erecting lodges whose size and bulk symbolize the permanency and stability of Masonry itself. Seemingly a colossal white stucco box, the building is actually comprised of three . . . — — Map (db m191275) HM
The area in front of you once served as south-central Montana's cultural crossroads. Especially between 1868 and 1875, this was a place where settlers and Indians traded goods and services, where the U.S. government sought (and failed) to convert . . . — — Map (db m193330) HM
A Jewish immigrant from Poland, tailor Henry Frank first arrived in Montana in 1867. He and his wife Barbara followed the Northern Pacific Railroad to Livingston, where they built the city’s first brick business block in 1883 on East Park. In 1890, . . . — — Map (db m191350) HM
Emanuel Goughnour arrived in Livingston in late 1882 and formed a general lumber business. He also operated a saw mill on Willow Creek and a steam planing mill at the foot of Second Street. Between 1885 and 1891 he assembled six lots on Second . . . — — Map (db m191660) HM
German immigrant William Grabow settled in the Livingston area in the early 1880s. There he established a flour mill and helped introduce the manufacture of brick. Between 1908 and 1911, William built this prominent corner building, where he and his . . . — — Map (db m191392) HM
An 1886 fire destroyed the one-story tin shop and hardware warehouse that originally occupied this lot. Two year later, meat merchant and rancher John Harvat purchased the property. Livingston’s premier Gilded Age architect, I. J. Galbraith, . . . — — Map (db m191354) HM
On the return journey from the Pacific Ocean, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark took separate routes in Montana. Lewis headed north to explore and Clark headed east toward the three forks of the Missouri/ At the three forks, Sacajawea . . . — — Map (db m191744) HM
The look of Livingston’s Main Street can be traced to Charles S. Hefferlin, who built at least twelve stores at different times along this thoroughfare. Friendly rivalry between Hefferlin and fellow developer A. W. Miles, who vied for similar . . . — — Map (db m191387) HM
A harmonious blending of architectural styles yields an unusual façade in this elegant residence, built by noted attorney Hugh J. Miller circa 1900. A pedimented entry of classical design, gracefully flared roof of oriental influence, and square . . . — — Map (db m191643) HM
The intersection of Main and Park was the heart of Livingston’s compact commercial core, convenient to both railway passengers and local customers. Here in the mid 1880s brothers Isaac and Herman Orschel, who also had a store in Miles City, did a . . . — — Map (db m191280) HM
The interstate highway nearby mirrors a path travelers have used for centuries. Even long before the days of Lewis and Clark, members of the Crow Tribe came to this area in an annual rendezvous that was central to their culture. The tribe's nomadic . . . — — Map (db m193329) HM
The blocks between Clark and Calender streets were known as “Banker’s Row” because three prominent bankers made their homes in the neighborhood. Josiah C. Vilas was one of these men directly involved in Livingston’s financial welfare. Vilas came to . . . — — Map (db m191587) HM
World War II put a damper on the growth of radio broadcasting by freezing expansion of existing stations and disallowing the licensing of new stations. When the freeze finally lifted, KPRK Radio in Livingston was one of the first new postwar . . . — — Map (db m191795) HM
(Left panel:)
Early Exploration and Settlement:
John Colter, member of the 1804-1805 (sic) Lewis and Clark Corps of Discovery, in 1807 was the first known white man to have traversed through the area known as Yellowstone . . . — — Map (db m191799) HM
These four small one-story houses are the only remnants of Livingston’s once-thriving red-light district. A convenient but respectable distance from the railroad hub, commercial district, and residential neighborhoods, here the “painted ladies” . . . — — Map (db m191661) HM
The territorial legislature created Park County with Livingston as county seat in 1887. By the mid-1890s city officials needed office space and a firehouse was even more critical. Fiery disasters had long plagued the community, and destruction of . . . — — Map (db m191391) HM
From 1900 to 1910, the Northern Pacific Railroad’s good fortunes overflowed into Livingston. Expansion of railroad services brought an influx of blue-collar workers and their families who located on the convenient Eastside, near the railroad shops . . . — — Map (db m191724) HM
A few years after Livingston Memorial Hospital opened in February 1955, the Livingston Enterprise reported, “This neat, modern building will hold a prominent position in the lives of Livingston residents for years to come. For some it will be their . . . — — Map (db m191797) HM
Livingston was inextricably tied to the railroad, but its business community also influenced the town’s character. After 1900, professionals and entrepreneurs built new homes on the Westside when the expansion of downtown encroached on the previous . . . — — Map (db m191796) HM
Charles Garnier—Livingston mayor and cigar manufacturer—teamed up with businessman, brick manufacturer, and real estate developer A. W. Miles to construct this dignified addition to the commercial district. They hired one of the architects . . . — — Map (db m191582) HM
Entrepreneur brothers Tommy and Billy Miles constructed this dignified building in 1903 strategically located across from the Northern Pacific’s new passenger depot. The first floor of the masonry business block provided the booming community with . . . — — Map (db m191279) HM
Antique furniture, red oak doors, a towering lobby, and 700 square feet of marble make this historic hotel a timeless ambassador of the “real West.” Built circa 1904, the Murray began as the Elite Hotel (locally pronounced EE-light) when Livingston . . . — — Map (db m191274) HM
"Struck the Rochejhone 1/2 a mile below the branch we came down & 1 1/2 ms. below where it passes out of the Rocky mountains....The horses feet are very sore many of them Can Scercely proceed on over the Stone and gravel in every other respect . . . — — Map (db m205927) HM
In 1883, Wetzstein Hall, a two-story wooden building with a liquor wholesale operation on the first floor and a public hall on the second, stood on this site. In 1902, Fred Pape opened the National Park Steam Laundry here. He purchased the building . . . — — Map (db m191277) HM
The Park Hotel Building
Built in 1904 by A.W. Miles for $60,000.00
Designed by:
C.S. Haire, Architect, Helena, Montana
The Corner Lot was Acquired in 1892
From W.A. Lange. The Other 3 Lots were
Owned by the Carver Mercantile . . . — — Map (db m191580) HM
Sacajawea and her son traveled with Captain William Clark down the Yellowstone River passing through this area on July 15, 1806. Sacajawea was a Shoshone teenager whose knowledge of native tribes, languages, and geographical landmarks of the area . . . — — Map (db m191658) HM
"I can See no timber Sufficient large for a Canoe which will Carry more than 3 men and Such a one would be too Small to answer my purpose." William Clark, Tuesday 15th July, 1806
In 1806, Captain William Clark and his party of . . . — — Map (db m205928) HM
Father Lawrence Palladino said the first Catholic mass at Livingston in the summer of 1883, on the cusp of the Northern Pacific Railroad’s arrival. The town was still a makeshift settlement of canvas tents and temporary dwellings. In 1884, Rev. J. . . . — — Map (db m191644) HM
Edward Talcott came West in 1883, settling in the newly platted town of Livingston. As the town grew, Talcott discovered his professional niche. By 1891, he had risen from manager of a mercantile to assistant cashier and then to president of the . . . — — Map (db m191585) HM
In 1804-1806, Captains Meriwether Lewis and William Clark led the Corps of Discovery on an epic journey. Charged by President Thomas Jefferson to find a water route to the Pacific Ocean through the newly acquired Louisiana territory, they mapped the . . . — — Map (db m191229) HM
Historic maps of Main Street show that a vendor’s stand occupied this lot in 1891. By 1896, this small but very fashionable commercial building added to Livingston’s stylish downtown streetscape. The building is a fine example of the Western . . . — — Map (db m191393) HM
Like much of Montana, the lands of the Mission Ranch still look largely as they did in the days of Lewis and Clark. Ranching, anchored as it is in the land's own natural productivity, is one of the main reasons. The grassland prairies and wooded . . . — — Map (db m193374) HM
The black-capped bluffs located on the east side of the Yellowstone River are called Hepburn's Mesa. The mesa is capped by a basalt lava flow the erupted from a small local volcano vent that has long since eroded away. Geologically, the lava flow is . . . — — Map (db m191798) HM
This river was named by Captain William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in honor of John Shields, a member of the party. Captain Clark and his men, guided by Sacajawea, the Shoshone woman, camped at the mouth of the river July 15, 1806, . . . — — Map (db m128299) HM
This stretch of river runs warmer than most mountain streams. A half mile up the trail, underground discharge from Mammoth Hot Springs enters the current and creates a year-round climate for water birds, trout, and aquatic plants. Over the years, . . . — — Map (db m123426) HM
Several area landmarks, including Bennett Buttes, Bennett Creek, and Little Rock Creek, are now named for Captain Andrew S. Bennett and Little Rock, a Crow interpreter for the U.S. Army, who lost their lives when the Army attacked a camp of Bannock . . . — — Map (db m167161) HM
In 1877, The Nez Perce Indians of Idaho led by Chief Joseph, fled the U.S. Army. They crossed the Clark's River near this point, while trying to outrun the soldiers to Canada. — — Map (db m167145) HM
"The tired horses came to an abrupt stop at the Dilworth post office. The needed no whoa-ing. The wagon loaded with mail and freight had jostled in and out of ruts, up and down hills, across streams and along washed out roads." (Fernell E. Henry, . . . — — Map (db m167159) HM
Three panels make up this marker.
(panel 1:)
For thousands of years the fertile Wallowa Valley was home to many Nimiipuu, or Nez Perce people. A treaty in 1855 affirmed Nez Perce ownership of this homeland. Competition for . . . — — Map (db m167146) HM
On September 10th 1880, Victor Arland and John F. Corbett set up the first mercantile establishment in the Big Horn Basin on the Indian Trace that follows Trail Creek. Looking to the cattlemen for business, they moved to Cottonwood Creek in 1883, . . . — — Map (db m91138) HM
Off in the distance in front of you, a large red butte lies against a much larger mountain, Rattlesnake Mountain. Flowing down the valley is Trail Creek, named for the ancient Indian trail that crosses the Shoshone River at the Indian ford in the . . . — — Map (db m87571) HM
Balanced Plunger Hydraulic Valve
This 48-inch diameter valve is one of two which were originally installed at the base of the Buffalo Bill Dam in 1922 to supply water to the Shoshone Powerplant and low level river outlet works. The two valves were . . . — — Map (db m104003) HM
Ball Plug
This large wood and concrete ball plug was one of two used to halt the flow of water through the 42-inch diameter power outlet works conduits, located in the base of the dam. The balls facilitated the repair and maintenance of downstream . . . — — Map (db m104004) HM
Belle Drewry was born in 1867, just two years after the Civil War. Her birth place and family are unknown. It is known that she left home at an early age and changed her name. Belle was a rather attractive young woman; about five foot six inches . . . — — Map (db m91077) HM
Buffalo Bill Reservoir
The Shoshone Project Story
The development by the U.S. Reclamation Service of the great irrigation project in the lower Shoshone valley required sacrifice of their land by the settlers living in the upper part of the . . . — — Map (db m104001) HM
John Colter, famed among the famous breed of "Mountain Men," passed this landmark late in the fall of 1807 while on business for the fur trader Manuel Lisa. Searching for Indians in order to conduct trade, he also hunted salt caves reputedly located . . . — — Map (db m91010) HM
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