On Juniata Gap Road east of Baker Lane, on the left when traveling east.
"Bathhouse U" became a popular nickname for the Altoona Undergraduate Center when it moved to Ivyside Park in 1948. The huge two-block-long dressing room - with its 4000 swimmers' locker baskets -- was remodeled into the AUC's "Main . . . — — Map (db m135611) HM
On Crescent Road at Union Avenue (Pennsylvania Route 36), on the right when traveling west on Crescent Road.
Here in 1811, Andrew Henderson and Robert Allison built the second iron furnace in present Blair County. Elias Baker became three-fourths owner in 1836, and in 1844 (as he prepared to build his Greek Revival mansion nearby) he became full owner. The . . . — — Map (db m203099) HM
On Logan Boulevard 0.2 miles north of Park Road (U.S. 220), on the left when traveling north.
Founded 1849 as a terminal for westward expansion of the Pennsylvania Railroad. It soon became a major railroad center of the nation. Scene of the War Governors' Conference, 1867. — — Map (db m52337) HM
On 6th Avenue (Pennsylvania Route 764) near 17th Street, on the right when traveling north.
This mountain lion has stood proudly on the campus of Altoona Area High School since May, 1972. Heinz Warneke, the sculptor of the Penn State University Nittany Lion, was hired by the AAHS Alumni Association to create a similar piece as a tribute . . . — — Map (db m53752) HM
On 13th Avenue at 12th Street, on the right when traveling west on 13th Avenue.
This bell was originally used by the
Altoona Volunteer Fire Dept. at this site
from 1870-1925. In 1925, the bell was placed
on display by the Blair County Historical Society
at Baker Mansion. It was returned to this site on
Sept. . . . — — Map (db m176179) HM
On Union Avenue (Pennsylvania Route 36) at Mansion Boulevard, on the right when traveling south on Union Avenue.
This fine example of Greek Revival Architecture was the home of Elias Baker, a leading ironmaster of the region. Built in 1846, it is now the museum and home of the Blair County Historical Society. Located on the hill opposite this point. — — Map (db m52338) HM
On Baker Boulevard at Mansion Boulevard, on the right when traveling west on Baker Boulevard.
Erected 1844-1847. Architect, Robert Cary Long, Jr. Residence of Elias Baker, Ironmaster, and his family, 1848 to 1914. Museum of the Blair County Historical Society since 1922. Entrance to mansion from street in rear. — — Map (db m52342) HM
On 11th Avenue west of 14th Street, on the right when traveling west.
To honor these citizens of Blair County
who were awarded their nations highest honor
the Congressional Medal of Honor
J. Levi Roush - U.S.A. - Civil War
John Hickman - U.S.N. - Civil War
William P. MacLay - U.S.A. - Phillippine . . . — — Map (db m135604) WM
On 40th Street at Chestnut Avenue, on the left when traveling west on 40th Street.
To all
Sons of Blair County
who served this nation
in time of war,
this road of memory
is gratefully dedicated
for all time
Dedicated Nov. 12, 1933
Rededicated Nov. 11, 1992 — — Map (db m53757) WM
On 7th Street at 7th Avenue (Route 764), on the right when traveling east on 7th Street.
Here stands foundation stones, a piece of the upper corner truss and the dedication plaque from the 7th Street Bridge that was constructed at this location from 1912 to 1913. This bridge served Altoona for 91 years and became part of many . . . — — Map (db m135588) HM
Near Juniata Gap Road east of Baker Lane, on the left when traveling east.
The small Pine and Elm buildings are the only two buildings left from the Ivyside Amusement Park. The Elm Building also wins the prize as the most remodeled building on campus. Originally the shooting gallery for the Ivyside Park, the building held . . . — — Map (db m135614) HM
On 13th Street north of 11th Avenue, on the left when traveling north.
At this location
March 16 1867
First PRR YMCA organized
Second railroad YMCA in USA
Erected March 16 1951
75th anniversary — — Map (db m135591) HM
On West 6th Avenue (Pennsylvania Route 764) 0.2 miles north of 17th Street, on the right when traveling north.
FDRs Sec. of the Interior 1933-46. Builder of public works, ardent conservationist, fierce fighter for human rights, advocate of government as an agent for the public good. This is the site of his boyhood home. — — Map (db m52344) HM
On 12th Avenue east of 13th Street, on the left when traveling east.
Lancaster native and Altoona businessman and promoter. Built and managed theaters in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. In 1906, he built the opulent Mishler Theater here for stage shows, musical performances, live theater, and vaudeville. — — Map (db m52345) HM
Near Juniata Gap Road east of Baker Lane, on the left when traveling east.
The Community Arts Center parking lot is located on the site of the former Ivyside Park Swimming Pool, once the world's largest concrete pool filled with three million gallons of water. The giant pool measured in at 650 feet long, 186 feet wide, and . . . — — Map (db m135616) HM
On North 8th Avenue at North 5th Street, on the right when traveling north on North 8th Avenue.
Erected by citizens of Juniata in honor of the young men and the young women of this town, who served in the United States Army, Navy, Marine Corps and with the American Red Cross in the Great War of 1917-1918.
Stars indicate the names of those . . . — — Map (db m135617) WM
On 11th Avenue at 9th Street, on the left when traveling west on 11th Avenue.
At the famous railroad hotel on this site was held the Conference of Northern War Governors, September 24-26, 1862. Governor Andrew Curtin of Pennsylvania called the meeting which united forces behind Lincoln and the Emancipation Proclamation. — — Map (db m52347) HM
Near Goods Lane at Plank Road (Business U.S. 220), on the right when traveling west.
This section of Logan Valley Mall, Altoona, Pa.
Originally opened: November 3, 1965
Destroyed by fire: December 16, 1994
Reopened: May 23, 1996 — — Map (db m135576) HM
On 11th Avenue near 12th Street, on the left when traveling west.
Erected in honor of the Soldiers and Sailors of the Spanish American War This projectile was fired from one of the guns of the fleet of the U.S. Navy at Santiago Cuba June. 23. 1898. — — Map (db m53751) HM WM
Near Juniata Gap Road east of Baker Lane, on the left when traveling east.
In commemoration of the many dedicated and devoted veterans and citizens of the Altoona community whose hard work, vision and spirit led to the growth of Penn State Altoona and its relocation from downtown Altoona to its present site at Ivyside Park . . . — — Map (db m135612) HM
On 9th Avenue at 13th Street, on the left when traveling north on 9th Avenue.
The PRR built its first repair facilities here in 1850 and opened its first track to Altoona during the same year. By 1925, Altoona was home to the nation's largest concentration of railroad shops, with 16,500 people employed in several locations. — — Map (db m20998) HM
"You had to be a waiter - a good one - to work in the Dining Department. You worked 16 and 17 hours a day. Half the time we had to sleep in the dining car."
- James Corbett, Dining Car Waiter
For passengers, eating aboard a train was always an . . . — — Map (db m311798) HM
"Freight was different. The railroad started doubling up on the trains something fierce - 160-car trains. It would take you a week to get to the other end of them."
- Vince Farabaugh, Locomotive Engineer
Yardmaster John Conlon remembers one . . . — — Map (db m52629) HM
On Juniata Gap Road at East Wopsononock Avenue, on the right when traveling north on Juniata Gap Road.
Over 300,000 skilled tradesmen went on strike against United States railroads to defend gains by unions during World War One. The Pennsylvania Railroad shops in Altoona led the anti-union opposition. The bitter struggle led to the 1926 Railway Labor . . . — — Map (db m52867) HM
On Ivyside Park north of Juniata Gap Road, on the left when traveling east.
The Reflecting Pond originally served as the warming dam for the Ivyside Park Swimming Pool. The freshwater pool was fed by Spring Run and the cold spring water was warmed in the warming dam before entering the pool. The warming dam, originally 15 . . . — — Map (db m135615) HM
One of the more unusual pieces of railroad equipment is the "scale test weight car" such as displayed here. Railroads charged their customers based upon the weight of goods shipped. After a car was loaded, the railroad moved the car to a railroad . . . — — Map (db m53750) HM
On 17th Street at Pleasant Valley Boulevard (Business U.S. 220), on the right when traveling east on 17th Street.
In 1952, Bob Sheetz opened the doors to the first Sheetz convenience store, located on 5th Avenue in Altoona, Pa. For decades, he led the company with a pioneering spirit and a deep respect for employees and customers.
Today, we . . . — — Map (db m176160) HM
Near 18th Avenue at 8th Street, on the left when traveling south.
Died For Their Country
(South face)
(Top Center Column) Capt. Henry Wayne Capt. T. L. McGlathery Capt. P. T. Keys
(Left Column) Lieut. Geo. W. Burley Lieut. P. Morris J. Kelly G. R. Everson Jr. G. M. Loudon J. . . . — — Map (db m95886) WM
You are standing at the center of what was once the greatest railroad shop complex in the world - the Altoona Works of the Pennsylvania Railroad.
Established in 1850 along with the town of Altoona, the railroad shops eventually sprawled across . . . — — Map (db m53725) HM
On 11th Avenue west of 14th Street, on the left when traveling west.
The Downtown Altoona
Historic District
has been placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
by the United States
Department of the Interior — — Map (db m135607) HM
On 6th Avenue (Pennsylvania Route 764) near 17th Street, on the right when traveling north.
With the vision of universal freedom
for all mankind
this tree is dedicated to
CW2 Sheldon Schultz
and all
Prisoners of War
and
Missing in Action — — Map (db m53754) WM
Near 9th Avenue north of 12th Street, on the right when traveling south.
The Juniata Shops
By 1889, the Pennsylvania Railroad had outgrown the capacity of the shop complex here at 12th street. Soon the facilities here would be complemented by new buildings in the nearby borough of Juniata, not yet a part of the . . . — — Map (db m135585) HM
Built in 1882, this Master Mechanics Building housed then, as it does again today, stories of what made the Pennsylvania the most important railroad in America and a cornerstone of the industry.
First-Rate Mechanics
Each Pennsy operating . . . — — Map (db m52604) HM
"The Pennsy wanted to make the track areas and stations look good. They gave out prizes to different sections for beauty and upkeep."
- Lou Johnston, Posy Gang member
A Hint of Nature in a Mechanical World
Among the hundreds of jobs on . . . — — Map (db m53728) HM
On 11th Avenue west of 13th Street, on the left when traveling west.
The "Silver Chief" was created by sculptor Rob Fisher of Bellefonte, PA in 1978 and was given to the City of Altoona by the Downtown Altoona Progress Association. The figure is made of stainless steel and Fiberglass and is attached to an antique . . . — — Map (db m135608) HM
Near 9th Avenue south of 12th Street, on the right when traveling south.
These two track cars were used for two different purposes. The Grey Brookville Locomotive, No. 2681, was built in 1941 and served at a clay quarry at Massilon, Ohio. It had a 60 HP Ford V-8 engine, it was retired in 1961. The Yellow Conrail car, No. . . . — — Map (db m135582) HM
On 12th Street at 13th Avenue, on the left when traveling north on 12th Street.
U.V.L. Composed of Officers, Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines, of the Union Army, Navy, and Marine Corps. during the War of the Rebellion who volunteered prior to the First of July 1863, for a term of three years, and were honorably discharged for . . . — — Map (db m176181) WM
On 11th Avenue west of 14th Street, on the right when traveling west.
In honor of
S/Sgt. Robert E. Laws C.M.H.
Dedicated to the men and women who honorably served their country...
World War I Veterans
American Legion
Veterans of Foreign Wars
Disabled American Veterans
Society of 28 Division . . . — — Map (db m135606) WM
On Chestnut Avenue at 9th Street, on the left when traveling east on Chestnut Avenue.
This memorial is dedicated to the Altoona service men & women who have paid the ultimate price for our country
[Plaques with names listed under with specific wars mentioned from left to right:]
World War I
Korean War
World . . . — — Map (db m135589) WM
On East Wopsononock Avenue at Juniata Gap Road, on the left when traveling north on East Wopsononock Avenue.
Dedicated to the men
and women of Blair
and Bedford Counties
who have served their
country in the Armed
Forces of the United
States of America
[Additional plaque on another side of the memorial]
This memorial is . . . — — Map (db m135610) WM
On 11th Avenue west of 14th Street, on the right when traveling west.
Two groups of veterans who had served in Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines and China merged into the American Veterans of Foreign Service on September 13 - 15, 1905, at the Eastside Theatre in Altoona. The new group was a forerunner of the V. F. W. . . . — — Map (db m135605) HM
On 9th Avenue at 12th Street, on the left when traveling north on 9th Avenue.
William Nesbit lived with his wife Sarah and children on 10th Avenue in Altoona. He was president of the State Equal Rights League, which helped secure passage of the 14th and 15th Amendments.
In his travels, he met leading black men of the . . . — — Map (db m181627) HM
On June 12, 1912, Luther G. Smith, a
locomotive engineer for the
Pennsylvania Railroad, founded the
Brotherhood's Relief and
Compensation Fund (BR&CF). The
BR&CF, a non-profit corporation
established in the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, . . . — — Map (db m280718) HM
On Veterans Memorial Highway, on the right when traveling west.
Designed and built under the direction [of] Pennsylvania Railroad chief engineer and, later, company president, J. Edgar Thomson. Horseshoe Curve opened February 15, 1854. It was 366 meters across and 1310 meters long with a 1.8 percent grade. . . . — — Map (db m52488) HM
On Veterans Memorial Highway, on the right when traveling west.
has been placed on the
National Register of
Historic Railroad Landmarks
1854 - 2004
The first railroad to cross the
Allegheny Mountains between
Harrisburg and Pittsburgn,
with a maximum grade of 1.87%,
was engineered by J. Edgar . . . — — Map (db m52526) HM
Built here in 1902 by E. Joy Morris of Philadelphia, it was among some 250 side-friction figure eight roller coasters in North America. It became the last known ride of this type and the world's oldest known operating roller coaster. A National . . . — — Map (db m52346) HM
This was the original (1850-54) PRR main line. After Horseshoe Curve was opened, this became the Hollidaysburg Branch (now Conrail's Cove Secondary Track).
From 1850 to 1854, the original PRR main line extended through what is now Altoona to a . . . — — Map (db m52528) HM
Inscription of photo at top of marker GP9 #7048, momentarily off-duty, cools its wheels at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania engine terminal.
Caption of next photo Pennsylvania Railroad GP9 #7048 replaced the K4 locomotive as a trackside . . . — — Map (db m55659) HM
This 1870s view of Horseshoe Curve looks north past the rubble-strewn trackside area where you are standing, to show a coal hopper and a track along the hillside. These are evidence of coal mining activity along Kittanning Run. The shanty in the . . . — — Map (db m55541) HM
Caption of drawing at top left The GE P42DC produced by General Electric Transportation Systems.
Caption of drawing at top right Norfolk Southern SD40-Es usually come up in pairs. And often on both ends of long freight trains . . . — — Map (db m55540) HM
Conestoga Wagon
The Conestoga wagon is a heavy, covered wagon that
was used extensively during the late eighteenth century.
It was often large enough to transport loads of freight up
to 6 tons and was drawn by horses, mules . . . — — Map (db m226897) HM
400 Feet north of this marker is the site of the lead mines
These mines furnished much of the lead used by General Washingtons army during the revolution. — — Map (db m307327) HM
The Three Sisters played an important part in the development of the early colonies.
The Three Sisters originate from Native American legend. According to the legend, CORN, BEANS, and SQUASH are three inseparable sisters that can only grow . . . — — Map (db m226846) HM
On Main Street at Cambria Street, on the right when traveling south on Main Street.
This park is named after the bridge that was formerly located here. The Pennsylvania Railroad
built it in the late 1800's. In 1953, the bridge's superstructure was replaced with the humpback design. The stones used in the current landscaping are . . . — — Map (db m259438) HM
On Stadium Drive (Pennsylvania Route 4022) west of Martin Street, on the right when traveling west.
The mediocre teacher tells
The good teacher explains
The superior teacher demonstrates
The great teacher inspires."
William Arthur Ward — — Map (db m267936) HM
On Main Street south of Cambria Street, on the left when traveling south.
Army · Navy · Marines · Air Force · Coast Guard
In memory of those who made the
Supreme Sacrifice for their country
1917 World War I 1918
John M. Anderson · J. Wesley Colabine · Charles H. Gleason
Ethel M. Goshorn · Paul C. Mauk · . . . — — Map (db m259440) WM
On Stadium Drive (Pennsylvania Route 4022) west of Martin Street, on the right when traveling west.
In memory of those who made the
supreme sacrifice for their country
1917 World War I 1918
John M Anderson · J Wesley Colabine · Charles H Gleason
Ethel M Goshorn · Paul C Mauk · Harry M Rice
1941 . . . — — Map (db m267946) WM
On Stadium Drive (Pennsylvania Route 4022) west of Martin Street, on the left when traveling west.
Dedicated in Honor of Veterans
of All Wars
American Revolution
War of 1812
Civil War
Spanish American
World War I
World War II
Korean
Viet Nam
To you from failing hands
we throw the torch be yours
to hold it high . . . — — Map (db m267947) WM
On Skelp Road 0.7 miles Old US 220 ( Route 865), on the right when traveling north.
The Revolutionary fort site can be seen a few miles from here. Built 1778 by Daniel Roberdeau to protect lead mines in Sinking Valley which supplied the Continental army. — — Map (db m52429) HM
On Foot of Ten Road at Willowbridge Lane, on the right when traveling east on Foot of Ten Road.
Erected 1785 by Thomas Blair. Residence of his son, John Blair, for whom Blair County was named in 1846. John Blair was a member of the General Assembly and until his death, 1832, a leading citizen of the region. — — Map (db m52309) HM
The spring opposite here was a favorite stopping place of Prince Gallitzin, famous missionary and founder of the Loretto Settlement. He was often known as Father Smith. — — Map (db m52473) HM
The spring opposite here was a favorite stopping place of Prince Gallitzin, noted prince-priest and missionary who founded the settlement at Loretto in 1792. He was also known as Father Smith. Buried at Loretto, site of his chapel. — — Map (db m52474) HM
Teamster wagon driver resistance to the Portage Railroad was fierce. As the railroad right-of-way was cleared the wagons used the newly cleared and graded surface as their thoroughfare. Even the interruptions of the railroad right-of-way by . . . — — Map (db m234773) HM
On Dry Run Road, on the right when traveling west.
The first canal engineers came from England, Wales, or Holland. By the late 1790's these European engineers had trained a small cadre of engineers, mostly concentrated in the New York area. The New York engineers worked to design canals and to train . . . — — Map (db m234182) HM
Standards of hygiene were horrific by today's standards. It wasn't that people didn't care; they didn't connect hygiene with health. In fact, bathing was considered dangerous to your health. Clean clothes were the mark of a dandy or a rich man. A . . . — — Map (db m234459) HM
On Municipal Street east of Dunnings Highway ( Route 164), on the left when traveling east.
Cpl. J. Levi Roush
6th Pa. Reserves Co. D. Born McKee, Pa. Age 25. Civil War. Died 1906. He was one of six volunteers who charged upon a log house near the position of Devil's Den where a squad of Confederate sharpshooters were sheltered . . . — — Map (db m234563) WM
On Municipal Street east of Dunnings Highway ( Route 164), on the left when traveling east.
Fred Snyder-President · Raymond Snowberger-1st V. Pres.
William Gates-2nd V. Pres. · Charles Fether-Sec.
Harold Wineland-Asst. Sec. · Chauncey Claar-Treas.
Ambrose Walls-Fin. Sec. · Ira Claar-Fire Chief
Orville Snowberger-1st Asst. · . . . — — Map (db m234558) HM
On Municipal Street at Dunnings Highway ( Route 164), on the left when traveling east on Municipal Street.
Revolutionary War
Michael Dodson - Born Sept. 6, 1751. Enlisted July 20, 1776 at Taneytown, Md.
in Capt. Good's company, also served in 1777 in Capt. Lansdale's company.
Battles of Brandwine, Germantown, and White Plains.
Thomas . . . — — Map (db m234565) WM
On Municipal Street east of Dunnings Highway ( Route 164), on the left when traveling east.
Landon grew up in East Freedom. He graduated from CHS in 2012,
and from the PSP Academy in June of 2016. He was assigned to
Troop G Huntingdon. He was killed in the line of duty investigating
a PFA violation on Dec. 30, 2016. He was the . . . — — Map (db m234560) HM
On Municipal Street east of Dunnings Highway ( Route 164), on the left when traveling east.
This Year of Our Lord, 1964, the Freedom Township Volunteer Fire Company takes this belated opportunity to express our deepest gratitude to those brave men and women of our township, who, since the beginning of its foundation have donated . . . — — Map (db m234562) WM
In front of you is the site of Engine House No. 6, one of ten such power plants on the Allegheny Portage Railroad. The building was demolished in 1900, but portions of the stone foundation remain intact. The National Park Service is preserving the . . . — — Map (db m53783) HM
In front of you is the site of Inclined Plane No. 6, one of ten inclines on the Allegheny Portage Railroad. The track visible today has been reconstructed.
From 1834 to 1854, railroad cars bearing canal boats, freight, and passengers were pulled . . . — — Map (db m53782) HM
On this hillside archeologists have found evidence of stonecutting that was almost certainly related to the building of the Allegheny Portage Railroad. There is no formal quarry pit, but broken stone is abundant, and many sandstone outcrops reveal . . . — — Map (db m53758) HM
The spur trail to your left leads 1/3 mile down the east slope of the mountain to the historic Skew Arch Bridge. The bridge is located near the base of the portage railroad's Incline No. 6. The trail roughly parallels the incline.
The Skew Arch . . . — — Map (db m53775) HM
He laid the foundation of the National Park Service defining and establishing the policies under which its areas shall be developed and conserved unimpaired for future generations. There will never come an end to the good that he has done. — — Map (db m53800) HM
The boardwalk in front of you leads to the summit of the historic Allegheny Portage Railroad. It was here in 1834 that trains first crossed the Allegheny Mountains. The railroad ceased operations in 1854, but remnants of historic structures are . . . — — Map (db m53799) HM
On Allegheny Street west of Wayne Street, on the right when traveling west.
Adam Holliday and his brother, William, in 1768, traveling west from Lancaster County, stopped on this spot, and Adam, driving a stake into the ground, remarked:
"Whoever is alive one hundred years from now will see a tolerable sized town here . . . — — Map (db m135573) HM
On Allegheny Street at Union Street, on the right when traveling west on Allegheny Street.
Formed on February 26, 1846 from Bedford and Huntingdon counties. Named for the Honorable John Blair, a prominent citizen who died in 1832. Hollidaysburg, county seat, was incorporated 1836. City of Altoona, founded 1849, became a major railroad . . . — — Map (db m52348) HM
On Broad Street (U.S. 22) at South Juniata Street, on the right when traveling west on Broad Street.
Here at Hollidaysburg the 127-mile Juniata Division of the Pennsylvania Canal met the Allegheny Portage Railroad, which extended 36 miles west over the mountain to Johnstown. The Juniata Division was opened in 1832, the railroad in March 1834. . . . — — Map (db m52307) HM
On Blair Street (U.S. 22) at Wayne Street, on the right when traveling west on Blair Street.
Here was boyhood home of the Black physician who pioneered successful heart surgery, 1893. Founded Provident Hospital, Chicago, 1891. Chief surgeon at Freedmen's Hospital, Washington, DC, 1894-98. Charter member, College of Surgeons, 1913. — — Map (db m52308) HM
On North Juniata Street north of Allegheny Street, on the left when traveling north.
Dedicated to those who
have given their lives in
the service of their country
[Additional plaque on the grounds of the park]
"All gave some — Some gave all"
Dedicated to the memory of all who
proudly served . . . — — Map (db m135575) WM
Near Union Street north of Allegheny Street, on the left when traveling north.
To honor the memory of John Blair 1766-1832 Pioneer farmer, merchant and public servant advocate of good roads, promoter of the Pennsylvania Canal and Allegheny Portage Railroad foremost citizen of his time in what is now Blair County and when . . . — — Map (db m162042) HM
Near Union Street just north of Allegheny Street, on the left when traveling north.
This pioneer family, created for the bicentennial, 1976, represents the basic fundamentals of our American life — courage — faith in God — education — love of family and liberty. These qualities in our American pioneers won . . . — — Map (db m162043) HM
On Allegheny Street west of Wayne Street, on the right when traveling west.
Given to the Borough of Hollidaysburg
by Rosalin Krelitz, Judy Krelitz,
Janis Krelitz Mirbach & Leona Krelitz Freshman,
January 1, 1983 to memorialize a man's love
of his family and pride in his community.
[bas relief bust]
William . . . — — Map (db m192573) HM
This Comfort Inn stands on the site once occupied by Fort Fetter.
Michael Fetter's barn was fortified and named Fort Fetter circa 1777. It served throughout the American Revolutionary War as a fortified structure for the defense of the local . . . — — Map (db m75206) HM
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