THE HISTORICAL
MARKER DATABASE
“Bite-Size Bits of Local, National, and Global History”
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Communal and Utopian Societies Historical Markers

The US Library of Congress notes that although "the word 'utopia' is often associated with science fiction, utopian communities were a common fixture in nineteenth century America. Incorporating unique religious and social ideals, these communities grew rapidly during the nineteenth century before declining in the early twentieth century." This series includes markers highlighting communal and utopian societies throughout the world, whether they were religiously focused or secular.
 
By Mark Hilton, August 22, 2018
Pilot Town Marker
1 ► Alabama, Baldwin County, Gulf Shores — Navy Cove / Pilot Town —
On Fort Morgan Road (Alabama Route 180) west of Pontoon Lane, on the right when traveling west.
Navy Cove. The Mobile Bay shoreline just inside Mobile Point, close to Fort Morgan, is known as Navy Cove. This was the site of Native American villages for over two thousand years. The name came after the British Navy anchored here when Fort . . . — — Map (db m122441) HM
2 ► California, Marin County, Novato — The Chosen Family — November 1967 - August 1969 —
Near Redwood Highway.
Five families who chose to live together leased Olompali hoping to create a Utopian community. They shared communal chores and established a Summerfield-Waldorf school for the children. This cement slab was poured May 1968. It was set up with . . . — — Map (db m193337) HM
3 ► California, Marin County, Tiburon — Dr. Lyford's Stone Tower —
Near Paradise Drive north of Mar West Street.
THE STONE TOWER (also called the Stone Lodge, the Castle, or just Lyford's Tower) was designed and built about 1889 by the San Francisco architect Gustav A. Behrnd for Dr. Benjamin F. Lyford, retired inventor, physician and scientist, as the gateway . . . — — Map (db m91807) HM
4 ► California, Orange County, Anaheim — A Utopian Dream —
Near West Street north of Pearl Street, on the right when traveling north.
Inspired by John Frohling's vision of a viticulture utopia, the Los Angeles Vineyard Society was formed in 1857. Convinced that wine was the way to wealth, the Society joined the scramble for land and sent surveyor George Hansen on a quest that . . . — — Map (db m189671) HM
5 ► California, Riverside County, Riverside, Eastside — 27 — John W. North Park — 1927 — Cultural Heritage Board Landmark —
Near Mission Inn Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
This park marks the 1871-1880 homesite of John Wesleyand Anna L. North. An abolitionist and native of New York, North organized the original Riverside colony after the Civil War, seeing southern California as a land of great opportunity. North . . . — — Map (db m303848) HM
6 ► California, Riverside County, Temecula — 128 — Heart o' the Hills —
On Vía Tornado at Via Novillo, on the right when traveling north on Vía Tornado.
Here, before his death in 1927, Murray Schloss collected 2500 acres for a utopian community. E Clampus Vitus Billy Holcomb Chapter - 1973 Re-dedicated by the Billy Holcomb Chapter E Clampus Vitus in co-operation . . . — — Map (db m78530) HM
7 ► California, Sonoma County, Cloverdale — 981 — Icaria-Speranza Utopian Colony —
On Asti Road near Airport Road, on the left when traveling north.
Icaria-Speranza was a utopian community based on the writings of French philosopher Etienne Cabet. In 1881, at Cloverdale, French immigrant families led by the Dehay and Leroux families began their social experiment in cooperative living based on . . . — — Map (db m160857) HM
8 ► California, Tulare County, Kaweah — 389 — Kaweah Post Office —
On North Fork Drive 2.7 miles north of Sierra Drive (California Route 198), on the left when traveling north.
The Kaweah Cooperative Colony was a utopian project started in 1886. For several years it attracted international attention and many settlers came here and actually did much to further their ideals. Unable to secure title to the land, and because . . . — — Map (db m166737) HM
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9 ► Florida, Hillsborough County, Ruskin — F-246 — Ruskin College President's Home —
On South Tamiami Trail (U.S. 41) at 5th Avenue Southeast, on the right when traveling south on South Tamiami Trail.
Ruskin College opened in 1910 as a coeducational industrial and liberal arts college. It was located on part of a large tract of land purchased by Dr. George McA. Miller beginning in 1907 for the purpose of establishing a cooperative college and a . . . — — Map (db m44841) HM
10 ► Florida, Osceola County, St. Cloud — Ashton —
On Narcoossee Road (County Route 15) 0.1 miles north of E Irlo Bronson Memorial Highway (U.S. 192), on the right when traveling north.
In the 1800s land boom Mr.Gerald Ashton and his brother Mr.Frank Ashton came to the Narcoosssee English Colony and settled in Runnymede. Frank started the little town of Ashton where he had a "wood rack” three miles south of Narcoossee and . . . — — Map (db m215443) HM
11 ► Indiana, Knox County, Oaktown — Shakertown —
On U.S. 41 at East Gauger Road, on the right when traveling south on U.S. 41.
First settlement, 1808-1812, of a religious society of celibates known as Shakers. The four hundred members of this communal group occupied 1,300 acres seven miles west of Carlisle. — — Map (db m226327) HM
12 ► Indiana, Marion County, Indianapolis, Downtown — Posey County — Organized in 1814 — Named for Thomas Posey —
Near North Blackford Street north of Indianapolis Cultural Trail, on the right when traveling north.
Posey County is the site of two of America's early utopian communities. German religious leader George Rapp and his followers prepared for what they believed was the imminent second coming of Christ. Scottish industrialist Robert Owen purchased the . . . — — Map (db m238941) HM
13 ► Indiana, Posey County, New Harmony — In Perfect Harmony — Ohio River Scenic Byway • Posey County, Indiana —
On Arthur Street north of Church Street, on the left when traveling north.
What is utopia? Sir Thomas More in 1516 defined it as a place of perfect political and social systems. Throughout history, people have sought ways to live "in harmony..." So it was that the town of Harmonic, Pennsylvania was established in 1804 . . . — — Map (db m96074) HM
14 ► Indiana, Posey County, New Harmony — New Harmony —
On Church Street (State Road 66) at Main Street, on the right when traveling west on Church Street.
. . . — — Map (db m96194) HM
15 ► Indiana, Posey County, New Harmony — 65.1966.1 — New Harmony —
On Church Street (State Road 66) east of Main Street, on the right when traveling east.
Location of two attempts at communal living: The Harmonists under Reverend George Rapp, 1814-1825, and the Owenites under philanthropist Robert Owen, 1825-1826. New Harmony remained, an important cultural center for many, years thereafter. — — Map (db m47821) HM
16 ► Indiana, Posey County, New Harmony — 65.2001.1 — New Harmony Workingmen's Institute —
On Tavern Street west of Main Street, on the left when traveling west.
William Maclure and other intellectuals came to New Harmony 1826 to join Robert Owen's utopian experiment. Maclure established the Workingmen's Institute 1838 to serve as model of self-education for laborers. Operated in various New Harmony sites . . . — — Map (db m47840) HM
17 ► Indiana, Posey County, New Harmony — New Harmony, Indiana (1814-1827) —
On Church Street (State Road 66) at Main Street, on the right when traveling west on Church Street.
The American Institute of Certified Planners has designated New Harmony, Indiana (1814-1827) as a National Planning Landmark George Rapp's New Harmony was surveyed on August 8, 1814. Within ten years, the Harmonists created a . . . — — Map (db m96195) HM
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18 ► Indiana, Posey County, New Harmony — Rappite Community House No. 2 — Erected 1816 - 1822 —
On Main Street north of Church Street (State Road 66), on the right when traveling north.
[Title is text] — — Map (db m96214) HM
19 ► Iowa, Clarke County, Osceola — 15 — The Mormon Trail / Utopian Experiments in Southern Iowa —
Near Interstate 35 south of Iowa Highway 34, on the right when traveling south.
The Mormon Trail The Mormons of Nauvoo, Illinois, forced from their homes following the murder of their prophet, Joseph Smith, Jr., began their trek across Iowa in 1846 on the way to the Great Salt Lake Valley. From their first permanent . . . — — Map (db m237260) HM
20 ► Iowa, Decatur County, Davis City — 16 — The Mormon Trail / Utopian Experiments in Southern Iowa —
Near Interstate 35 north of County Highway J52, on the right when traveling north.
The Mormon Trail The Mormons of Nauvoo, Illinois, forced from their homes following the murder of their prophet, Joseph Smith, Jr., began their trek across Iowa in 1846 on the way to the Great Salt Lake Valley. From their first permanent . . . — — Map (db m224588) HM
21 ► Kentucky, Henry County, Pleasureville — 852 — Dutch Colony Here —
On Castle Highway (U.S. 421) south of Main Street (Route 241), on the left when traveling south.
In 1780 communal colonists came from Pennsylvania to Mercer County, Kentucky. In 1784 thirty of the families came here, purchased 10,000 acres from Squire Boone. Lived in log fort. Managed by Abraham Banta, George Bergen made trustee later. . . . — — Map (db m136247) HM
22 ► Kentucky, Logan County, Auburn — Site of 1818 Meeting House —
On Shaker Museum Road west of Shakertown Road, on the left when traveling west.
Site of 1818 Meeting House Shakers worshipped here for over one hundred years — — Map (db m199253) HM
23 ► Kentucky, Logan County, South Union — 1869 Shaker Tavern —
On South Union Road (Kentucky Route 73) 0.1 miles south of C Duncan Road, on the left when traveling south.
Built by the Shakers and leased to "The World" as a source of revenue — — Map (db m180873) HM
24 ► Kentucky, Logan County, South Union — 1917 Store and Post Office —
On South Union Road (Kentucky Route 73) 0.1 miles south of C Duncan Road, on the right when traveling south.
Built by the Shakers and leased to "The World" as a source of revenue. — — Map (db m180299) HM
25 ► Kentucky, Logan County, South Union — 1455 — Shaker Colony —
On Shaker Museum Road west of Shakertown Road ( Route 1466), on the right when traveling west.
Organized 1807, as Gasper Society of United Believers in Christ's Second Appearing. Building program started and trade established in textiles, seeds, mill products, and purebred cattle. Peak membership 350; acreage 6,000. Most prosperous period . . . — — Map (db m123415) HM
26 ► Kentucky, Logan County, South Union — Site of 1834 North House —
On Shakertown Road (Kentucky Route 1466) 0.3 miles north of Shaker Museum Road, on the right when traveling north.
Site of 1834 North House Brick communal dwelling for fifty Shakers — — Map (db m199214) HM
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27 ► Kentucky, Logan County, South Union — Site of Ca. 1840 Brethern’s Shop —
On Shakertown Road (Kentucky Route 1466), on the right when traveling north.
Site of Ca. 1840 Brethern’s Shop Two-story brick workshop used by Shaker brothers. — — Map (db m199216) HM
28 ► Kentucky, Logan County, South Union — South Union Cemetery —
On Shakertown Road (Kentucky Route 1466) 0.4 miles south of Bowling Green Road (U.S. 68), on the right when traveling south.
The cemetery was established soon after South Union was founded in 1807. Encompassing six acres of land, the tract eventually held the graves of nearly five hundred Shakers who died between 1810 and 1921. After the village closed in . . . — — Map (db m199270) HM
29 ► Kentucky, Logan County, South Union — 716 — The Shaker Tavern —
On South Union Road (Kentucky Route 73) south of C Duncan Road, on the left when traveling south.
Built 1869, nine years after the completion of the Louisville and Nashville railroad thru South Union land. Members approved tax to build line thru here, furnished material and constructed depot. Visitors increased and trustees built the hotel, . . . — — Map (db m123413) HM
30 ► Kentucky, Mercer County, Harrodsburg — 42 — Honeysuckle Hill / Fair Oaks —
On Beaumont Avenue just south of Runyon Road, on the left when traveling north.
Designed and built by Dr. Guilford Runyon in the early 1840s for his fiancé Kitty Ferrel who died of cholera. Runyon was an orphan reared by the Shakers at Pleasant Hill until he was expelled after announcing his intention to marry. Noted for its . . . — — Map (db m152936) HM
31 ► Kentucky, Mercer County, Harrodsburg, Shakertown — 627 — "Morgan's Men" Here — Confederate Raids and Invasions and a Federal Retreat, in Kentucky. —
On West Lot Road west of Shakertown Road, on the right when traveling west.
Shakers hid their horses as CSA Gen. J. H. Morgan's cavalry came this way July 13, 1862. But he forbade command to trespass or molest Shakers out of respect for their religion. Grateful for this good treatment Shakers fed Morgan and his men . . . — — Map (db m218273) HM
32 ► Kentucky, Mercer County, Harrodsburg, Shakertown — 1816 — Old Mail Stage Route —
Near West Lot Road west of Shakertown Road, on the right when traveling west.
Completed by 1839, Lexington-Harrodsburg-Perryville Turnpike (KY 68) ran through center of Pleasant Hill. Road became part of interstate Zanesville (Ohio)-Florence (Ala.) mail stage route. Stages discontinued here by 1877. Turnpike brought the . . . — — Map (db m218275) HM
33 ► Kentucky, Mercer County, Harrodsburg, Shakertown — 1817 — Shaker Landing / Shaker Landing Road —
On Shakers Ferry Road east of Lexington Road (U.S. 68).
Shaker Landing At foot of this road is landing purchased by Shakers, 1830. Site made Pleasant Hill busy river port and ferry crossing. Quality Shaker products left here for downriver markets as far away as New Orleans. During Civil War, ferry . . . — — Map (db m218263) HM
34 ► Kentucky, Mercer County, Harrodsburg, Shakertown — 1481 — Shakertown at Pleasant Hill —
On West Lot Road north of Shakertown Road, on the right when traveling west.
Mother Ann Lee and small band of converts came from England to New York, 1774. She was founder of Shakerism in America. Shakerism introduced in Mercer County by Elisha Thomas, Samuel and Henry Banta. After attending a Revival at Concord, Bourbon . . . — — Map (db m218264) HM
35 ► Maine, York County, Saco — Jacob Cochran, 1782-1836 — Saco Main Street Museum Walk —
On Beach Street (Maine Route 9) at Main Street, on the right when traveling east on Beach Street.
Cochranism was the name given to the religious sect led by Jacob Cochran in the years 1816 to 1819, before this charismatic preacher was convicted and imprisoned for four years on charges of “gross lewd and lascivious conduct.” The . . . — — Map (db m55698) HM
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36 ► Maryland, Montgomery County, Colesville — The Commonwealth Farm — "Everything We Put Our Hand To Prospered" — Remarkable Montgomery: Untold Stories —
Near Piping Rock Drive at Eastway Drive, on the right when traveling east.
For nearly 60 years, this land was part of the Commonwealth Farm, home to a women's commune that began in Belton, Texas in the late 1860s under the leadership of Martha McWhirter (1827-1904). Women's lives in 1860s Texas were often marked by . . . — — Map (db m234598) HM
37 ► Massachusetts, Berkshire County, Pittsfield — Hancock Shaker Village —
Near West Housatonic Street.
has been designated a Registered National Historic Landmark under the provisions of the Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935 This site possesses exceptional value in commemorating or illustrating the history of the United . . . — — Map (db m118819) HM
38 ► Massachusetts, Berkshire County, Pittsfield — Hancock Shaker Village: Powered by the Sun for Over 200 Years —
Near West Housatonic Street.
Hancock Shaker Village installed this solar photovoltaic (pv) array in December 2009. Here is one sample pv panel for you to examine and touch (it is not connected to the array and will not harm you). Throughout the Village there are many . . . — — Map (db m118828) HM
39 ► Massachusetts, Berkshire County, Pittsfield — Shaker Color —
Near West Housatonic Street.
The Shakers, perhaps more than any other religious movement, embraced purity of design and consummate craftsmanship in everything they created. These banners represent a sample of the typical and joyful Shaker palette. As you tour this National . . . — — Map (db m118818) HM
40 ► Massachusetts, Hampshire County, Florence — Entrepreneurs and Philanthropists —
On Park Street at Meadow Street on Park Street.
The major industries established in Florence during the 19th century were founded by reform-minded individuals who championed progressive causes throughout their lives. Their success in business was matched by their generosity in giving. Many of the . . . — — Map (db m168919) HM
41 ► Massachusetts, Hampshire County, Florence — Florence Manufacturing —
On Park Street at Meadow Street on Park Street.
Florence, or Broughton’s Meadow as it was originally called, was one of America’s early manufacturing centers. In 1837, Samuel Whitmarsh established the area’s first silk mill along the Mill River. Importing silk worms fed on homegrown mulberry . . . — — Map (db m65761) HM
42 ► Massachusetts, Hampshire County, Florence — The Anti-Slavery Community —
On Park Street at Meadow Street on Park Street.
Present-day Florence is the site of one of the most active centers of the anti-slavery movement in America. In 1842, members of the Northampton Association of Education and Industry, among them Samuel L. Hill and George Benson, established a utopian . . . — — Map (db m168866) HM
43 ► Massachusetts, Hampshire County, Northampton, Florence — Northampton Association of Education and Industry —
On Park Street at Pine Street, on the left when traveling south on Park Street.
The Northampton Association of Education and Industry was one of a number of utopian communities that arose in the 1840s. Its members were ardent abolitionists who believed in equality for blacks and women. The Association served as a haven for . . . — — Map (db m251027) HM
44 ► Minnesota, Dakota County, Mendota — Paper Towns & Other Imaginary Worlds / Frontier Fortunes and Mississippi Mansions —
On Sibley Memorial Highway (State Highway 13) south of D Street.
The history of Minnesota is replete with stories of boomtowns becoming ghost towns. Sometimes their demise was caused by national or historical shifts in markets, such as the fading of the fur trade or the bottoming out of the wheat market. Other . . . — — Map (db m199637) HM
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45 ► New Hampshire, Grafton County, Enfield — Downtown Enfield Village —
On Main Street at Blacksmith Alley, on the right when traveling east on Main Street.
Downtown Enfield Village This village, formerly called North Enfield, grew around mills powered by the Mascoma River. In the 1840s, railroad service and economic investment by the Enfield Shakers laid the foundation for its growth as a mill village . . . — — Map (db m98152) HM
46 ► New Hampshire, Grafton County, Enfield — The Enfield Shakers —
On New Hampshire Route 4A at Caleb Dyer Lane, on the right when traveling south on New Hampshire Route 4A.
The Enfield Shakers Founded in 1793, Shaker Village was the 9th of the original Shaker communities established in the U.S. At its peak c.1850 some 300 Shakers lived, worked and worshipped here, practicing equality of the sexes, celibacy, pacifism, . . . — — Map (db m98107) HM
47 ► New Hampshire, Merrimack County, Loudon — Shaker Village —
On Rocky Pond Road (New Hampshire Route 106) at Shaker Road, on the right when traveling north on Rocky Pond Road.
Take opposite road 2.6 miles to the attractive buildings of this Utopian community organized in 1792 in the township of Canterbury. The Shakers established high standards of agricultural efficiency, craftsmanship and domestic skill for their sect . . . — — Map (db m117623) HM
48 ► New Jersey, Bergen County, Fair Lawn — Radburn Station — Date: 1930 — Clarence S. Stein, Architect —
On Pollitt Drive at Fair Lawn Ave. on Pollitt Drive.
Radburn Station, located in the Borough of Fair Lawn, was built in 1930 and designed by the architect Clarence S. Stein. Stylistically, the building is significant since the station is a fine example of the Dutch Colonial Revival trend in . . . — — Map (db m62968) HM
49 ► New Mexico, Doña Ana County, Doña Ana — Shalam Colony — 1884-1901 —
On North Valley Drive (State Road 185 at milepost 5.5) at Shalam Colony Trail (County Road D052), on the right when traveling south on North Valley Drive.
In 1884, Shalam Colony was established on the banks of the Rio Grande near the village of Doña Ana by John Ballou Newbrough and a group of Utopian followers called Faithists. Newbrough’s “Book of Shalam" set forth a plan for gathering the outcast . . . — — Map (db m280109) HM
50 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — 1816 Dwelling House —
Near Meeting House Road east of Heritage Ln (Local Route 151).
The Dwelling House or "Bell House" contained a kitchen, large community dining rooms, and retiring rooms (bedrooms). At the height of this community, 100 Shakers lived in the main building and the 'T' shaped wing. On its roof in a cupola, hung a . . . — — Map (db m115659) HM
51 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Brethren's Workshop (1822) —
On Meeting House Road, on the left when traveling north.
The Brethren's Shop was used by the men and boys for various crafts including shoe making and tinsmithing. The porches and dormers were added in 1930 and the building is now used by Albany County as offices. A date stone in the basement is . . . — — Map (db m115662) HM
52 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Creamery (1856) —
Near Meeting House Road.
The Shakers stored milk in the creamery to keep it cool. Milk was brought from the barn in large milk cans, which were then kept cool in troughs filled by water diverted from the creek. Later the building was used as a hen house; now it is used . . . — — Map (db m115688) HM
53 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Ministry Shop (1825) —
Near Meeting House Road.
This brick building was used by the ministry elders. Each member of the ministry had to perform daily manual labor such as shoe making or tailoring. Elder Chauncey Copeley a cabinet maker, worked in a wing added to the building in 1850. . . . — — Map (db m115660) HM
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54 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Mother Ann Lee — 1736 - 1784 —
On Meeting House Road, on the left when traveling north.
First leader of the Shakers, a celibate Christian community. Their first settlement was in what is now Colonie. — — Map (db m115692) HM
55 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Shaker Garage (1920) —
Near Meeting House Road.
By 1920, automobiles had become both necessary and fashionable. The Shakers never hesitated to adopt new technology that would make life easier and more efficient. They built this concrete garage for their Packard automobilies [sic]. — — Map (db m115671) HM
56 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Shaker Heritage Society — Museum and Gift Shop —
On Heritage Lane (New York State Route 151) at Meeting House Road, on the left when traveling south on Heritage Lane.
America's first Shaker settlement — — Map (db m115695) HM
57 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Shaker Heritage Society Garden — Come in. —
Near Meeting House Road.
The plants in this garden are some of the herbs used and sold by The Watervliet Shaker Community during the 1800's. The community grew large "Botanical/Physic" gardens and also gathered many wild herbs for use in their business of selling dried . . . — — Map (db m115658) HM
58 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Shaker Meeting House —
On Meeting House Road, on the right when traveling north.
This Meeting House, or Church, was built in 1848 to replace an earlier (1791) and much smaller Meeting House. It demonstrates many typical characteristics of Shaker architecture; double doors, one for men and one for women; a large meeting room . . . — — Map (db m115663) HM
59 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Sisters' Workshop (1840)
Near Meeting House Road. Reported unreadable.
On this location was a large 3 1/2 sto[r]y stone building. Here Shaker Sisters did spinning, weaving, and sewing. Journal entries indicate that Sister Polly wove 3350 Shaker bonnets in this building. The building was the only stone building . . . — — Map (db m115656) HM
60 ► New York, Albany County, Albany — Wash House & Cannery (c.1858) —
On Meeting House Road, on the left when traveling east.
Shaker Creek provided water for both the canning and laundry operations. The first laundry, done on December 12, 1859, used a steam powered washing machine. Albany County used the building for laundry until the mid 1980s. Today it is a workshop. . . . — — Map (db m115674) HM
61 ► New York, Albany County, Colonie — Fox Preserve —
On River Road 0.2 miles west of Forts Ferry Road, on the right when traveling east.
This 70-acre property was donated to the Mohawk Hudson Land Conservancy by Dr. Patricia Fox in 2015. Dr. Fox owned the property for over 30 years, and it is one of the last remaining areas of open space in this area of the Town of Colonie. Through . . . — — Map (db m147937) HM
62 ► New York, Albany County, Colonie — Shaker Cemetery —
On Heritage Lane 0.1 miles east of Airline Drive, on the right when traveling west.
First burials occurred on this historic site in 1787- Mother Ann Lee and early leaders reburied here later — — Map (db m41150) HM
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63 ► New York, Albany County, Colonie — Shaker Church Family Barn —
On Heritage Lane (County Route 151) at Meeting House Road, on the right when traveling north on Heritage Lane.
Built in 1916 on the site of the original barn which had been destroyed by fire — — Map (db m40593) HM
64 ► New York, Cayuga County, Brutus — Conduit For Ideas — The Canalway Trail —
Near New York State Route 31 at West Brutus Street.
The Erie Canal tied together western New York and became a conduit for ideas as well as for commerce. Seneca Falls was the site of the first Women's Sufferage convention, organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott in 1848 to advocate . . . — — Map (db m83670) HM
65 ► New York, Livingston County, Mt. Morris — Genesee Valley Greenway — A Transportation Corridor for Generations —
Near East State Street (New York State Route 408) at Genesee Street.
A Canal 1840-1878 The Genesee Valley Canal provided transportation through the Genesee River Valley between the Erie Canal in Rochester and the Allegheny River at Millgrove, southeast of Olean. The Genesee Valley Canal was one of several . . . — — Map (db m207301) HM
66 ► New York, Livingston County, Sonyea — Site of the Groveland Shaker Community — Historic New York —
On Moyer Road at Brill Drive, on the left when traveling south on Moyer Road.
On this site the eighteenth and last Shaker community in America was founded in 1836 by members of the Sodus Bay Shaker community. The Shakers, formerly known as the United States Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, were a religious . . . — — Map (db m87748) HM
67 ► New York, Livingston County, Sonyea — Sonyea Shaker Community —
On Sonyea Road (New York State Route 36) 0.2 miles east of Ridge Road, on the right when traveling south.
Sonyea Shaker Community Founded 1836 Closed 1892 Became Craig Colony for epileptics 1894 — — Map (db m87746) HM
68 ► New York, Suffolk County, Brentwood — Modern Times —
On Brentwood Avenue at Second Avenue, on the right when traveling north on Brentwood Avenue.
1851 utopian community based on equitable commerce. Stephen Pearl Andrews & Josiah Warren, founders. Renamed Brentwood in 1864. — — Map (db m142298) HM
69 ► New York, Ulster County, Hurley — Sojourner Truth (1797-1883) — A Link in the Delaware and Hudson Heritage Corridor —
On U.S. 209 0.2 miles south of Russell Road, on the right when traveling north.
Hurley's most famous native, Sojourner Truth, was born a slave named Isabella Baumfree in 1979. One of 13 children, she spoke only the Dutch of her owners until they sold her when she turned eleven. She learned English in the household of her next . . . — — Map (db m244009) HM
70 ► New York, Ulster County, Woodstock — Byrdcliffe —
On Glasco Turnpike at Upper Byrdcliffe Road on Glasco Turnpike.
On the hill above in 1902 R. R. Whitehead led workers in many arts and crafts to try an experiment in utopian living. — — Map (db m282861) HM
71 ► North Carolina, Forsyth County, Winston-Salem — Old Salem Historic District —
On South Main Street just south of East Academy Street, on the left when traveling south.
Old Salem Historic District has been designated a National Historic Landmark This district possesses national significance as an exceptional reflection of the culture of German immigrants who established the theocratically . . . — — Map (db m172063) HM
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72 ► Ohio, Clermont County, Utopia — 7-13 — Utopia —
On Ohio River Scenic Byway (U.S. 52) at Barlow Road (County Route 7), on the left when traveling east on Ohio River Scenic Byway.
Utopia was founded in 1844 by followers of French philosopher Charles Fourier (1772-1837). Fourierism, based on utopian socialism and the idea of equal sharing of investments in money and labor, reached peak popularity in the United States about . . . — — Map (db m164258) HM
73 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Cleveland, Buckeye - Shaker — Shaker Gate Post — Period 1830 —
On South Moreland Boulevard at Shaker Square, in the median on South Moreland Boulevard.
This is one of several stone gate posts which stood before the buildings of the Middle Family of Shakers near what is now Shaker Boulevard and Lee Road. The post was found under an old cherry tree at that site. Placed in Shaker Square October 22, . . . — — Map (db m17818) HM
74 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Cleveland, Buckeye - Shaker — Shaker Gristmill Site —
On Fairhill Road near East 127th Street, on the right when traveling west.
In 1844 the Shakers of North Union, Ohio, built a five-story gristmill on the north side of the Doan Brook Ravine adjacent to this marker. Water from the dam at the west end of the Lower Shaker Lake powered the mill. For many years it served the . . . — — Map (db m11826) HM
75 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Cleveland, Buckeye - Shaker — Shaker Mill Stone — Period 1837 —
On North Moreland Boulevard near Shaker Boulevard (Ohio Route 87), in the median.
Found at the site of the Shaker saw mill foundations on Coventry Road adjacent to Shaker Lake. The saw mill, destroyed by fire, was converted to grain milling in 1886 using this stone from the original Shaker grist mill. Placed in Shaker Square . . . — — Map (db m11848) HM
76 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Shaker Heights — East Family — North Union Society of Shakers — December 3, 1837 - September 23, 1872 —
On Fontenay Road 0.2 miles south of Shaker Boulevard (Ohio Route 87), in the median.
This site marks the location of the main dwelling of the East or Gathering Family established for the expressed purpose of gathering souls "out of the world". Here the new converts were "proved awhile" until they convinced the elders and eldresses . . . — — Map (db m10422) HM
77 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Shaker Heights — 67-18 — Horseshoe Lake —
On South Park Boulevard 0.2 miles east of Lee Road, on the right when traveling east.
In 1822, Ralph Russell, a Connecticut pioneer who had settled in Warrensville Township ten years earlier, founded the North Union Shaker Community. The Shakers created Horseshoe Lake in 1852 when they built a dam across Doan Brook and harnessed its . . . — — Map (db m10423) HM
78 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Shaker Heights — Shaker Gate Posts — Period 1830 —
On Lee Road at Shaker Boulevard (Ohio Route 87), on the right when traveling south on Lee Road.
These two original gate posts mark the entrance to a field once used by the Middle Family of Shakers, who resided in this vicinity. This tablet erected September 21, 1948, commemorating the 126th anniversary of the North Union Society of Shakers. . . . — — Map (db m17824) HM
79 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Shaker Heights — Site of Center Family — North Union Society of Shakers —
On Lee Road at Chagrin Road (Ohio Route 87), on the right when traveling east on Lee Road.
. . . — — Map (db m9676) HM
80 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Shaker Heights — This Tablet Marks the Final Resting Place of the Shakers of the North Union Society —
Near Lee Road north of Chagrin Road (U.S. 422), on the right when traveling north.
This tablet marks the final resting place of the Shakers of the North Union Society. Their remains were moved from the Shaker burial ground on South Park Boulevard to this cemetery in 1909. "Do all your work as though you had a thousand years to . . . — — Map (db m18034) HM
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81 ► Ohio, Cuyahoga County, Shaker Heights — Warrensville West Cemetery — First Burial 1811 —
On Lee Road north of Chagrin Boulevard (U.S. 422), on the right when traveling north.
Final resting place of Pioneer Families Manx Settlers Veterans of Five Wars North Union Shakers Erected by the Shaker Historical Society May 30, 1959 — — Map (db m18035) HM
82 ► Ohio, Fayette County, Washington Court House — 7-24 — Old Washington Cemetery —
On East Street at the railroad right of way, on the right when traveling west on East Street.
Washington Court House was founded in 1810 by American Revolutionary War veterans from the state of Virginia. They also established Washington Cemetery in 1810 and located it in what was originally the southern part of the town. With the coming of . . . — — Map (db m27828) HM
83 ► Ohio, Montgomery County, Dayton, University Park — Watervliet Shaker Building —
Near Carillon Boulevard 0.2 miles west of South Patterson Boulevard, on the left when traveling west.
Richard McNemar's print shop in this building made Watervliet a center of Shaker printing. He printed the second Shaker hymnal ever published, as well as numerous tracts and pamphlets. The Shakers came to America from England in 1774. A . . . — — Map (db m173784) HM
84 ► Ohio, Montgomery County, Kettering — 6-57 — Watervliet Shaker Community —
On Research Boulevard/County Line Road (Ohio Route 835) 0.1 miles north of Shakertown Road, on the left when traveling north.
Side A: A Shaker village called Watervliet, Ohio, was located here from 1806-1900. The Shakers, originally called the United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing, were followers of Mother Ann Lee who came from Manchester, England . . . — — Map (db m26345) HM
85 ► Ohio, Tuscarawas County, Zoar — Zoar Historic District — National Historic Landmark —
Near Main Street (Ohio Route 212) at East 3rd STreet, on the right when traveling south.
Zoar Historic District Has been designated a National Historic Landmark The community of Zoar possesses national significance as a successful Utopian communal society founded by German religious dissenters, where all shared equally. Zoar's . . . — — Map (db m208571) HM
86 ► Ohio, Warren County, Lebanon — The First And Largest Western Shaker Village —
On S. Broadway Street, on the right when traveling north.
The first and largest western shaker village was settled in 1805 five miles west of town. — — Map (db m200443) HM
87 ► Ohio, Warren County, Lebanon — 2-83 — Union Village — (1805 - 1912) —
On Ohio Route 741 at Shaker Drive, on the right when traveling north on Ohio Route 741.
Side A: Union Village, the first and largest Shaker (United Society of Believers) community west of the Allegheny Mountains, was established in 1805. Nearly 4,000 Shakers lived in Union Village, the last living here until 1920. They owned 4,500 . . . — — Map (db m24074) HM
88 ► Oregon, Marion County, Aurora — 16 — The Octagonal Building — Built in 1867 —
Near Main Street North East near 2nd Street Northeast, on the right when traveling south.
This is the only surviving building from the original Aurora Pioneer Hotel complex. — — Map (db m114280) HM
89 ► Oregon, Marion County, Aurora — 18 — Will-Snyder Store — Built in 1912 —
On Main Street NorthEast at 2nd Street NorthEast, on the left when traveling south on Main Street NorthEast.
Jonas Will and Andrew Snyder, children of Aurora Colony members, established this then modern mercantile store. Jonas had been an Aurora merchant since 1888. The families ran this business until the 1940's. — — Map (db m114293) HM
90 ► Oregon, Marion County, Aurora — 19 — Wm. Keil and Company — Built in 1874 —
On Main Street NorthEast at 2nd Street NorthEast, on the right when traveling south on Main Street NorthEast.
Used as a general store. Wm. Keil and Company catered to the trade of some of the mid-valley's best known pioneers by cash or barter. — — Map (db m114294) HM
91 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Blacksmith and Wagonmaker Shops —
On 15th Street at Merchant Street, on the right when traveling west on 15th Street.
Blacksmith Shop But 1826, the Harmony Society's blacksmith shop stood across the street from here on the west side of Merchant Street near Street. The building, valued at $400, contained five forges. One feature of the Society's first . . . — — Map (db m206147) HM
92 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Carriage House and Summer Kitchen —
On Church Street at Creese Street, on the right when traveling north on Church Street.
Carriage House The carriage house of the Harmony Society leader, George Rapp, was located at the comer of Thirteenth and Church Streets. In the 1890s the building was changed into a two-story dwelling and rented out. Architect Charles Stotz . . . — — Map (db m206517) HM
93 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Distillery, Cider Press, and Laundry —
On 15th Street at Merchant Street, on the right when traveling west on 15th Street.
The Harmony Society excelled in making beer, wine, liquor, and whiskey. In fact, the Economy label became synonymous with the best whiskey to be had on the market. However the members mutually agreed to abstain from the general consumption of . . . — — Map (db m206165) HM
94 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Economy Hotel —
On Merchant Street at 14th Street, on the right when traveling south on Merchant Street.
Visitors to Economy stayed at the hotel in the center of town on the southwest comer of 14th and Merchant Streets. Owned and operated by the communal Harmony Society, hired workers later staffed the establishment in the 1890s. Eventually the hotel . . . — — Map (db m206188) HM
95 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — First Harmonist Church and Fire Department —
On 15th Street east of Church Street, on the right when traveling west.
According to tradition, this building served as the first house of worship at Economy for the Harmony Society. In 1831 a second church was completed on Church Street, now known as St. John's Lutheran Church. The cellar of the first church was . . . — — Map (db m206122) HM
96 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Greenhouse and Bakery —
On 13th Street at Church Street, on the right when traveling east on 13th Street.
Economy's Greenhouses Because the Harmony Society took a deep interest in the cultivation of flowers and plants, members built a greenhouse in their second town, New Harmony, Indiana (1814-1825) and here their third town, Economy, . . . — — Map (db m312016) HM
97 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Harmonist Church / St. John's Lutheran Church —
On Church Street at Creese Street, on the right when traveling south on Church Street.
Under the leadership of George Rapp, the Harmonists left the Lutheran church in Württemberg, Germany in the late eighteenth century. They felt the Lutheran Church was corrupt, and wanted to return to the way of the early Christian church just after . . . — — Map (db m206477) HM
98 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Harmony Society Cemetery — 1824-1951 —
Near Church Street.
On this site are buried 594 members and workers of the Harmony Society, the people of Old Economy. — — Map (db m44499) HM
99 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Harmony Society Church —
On Church Street at Creese Street, on the right when traveling north on Church Street.
Constructed, 1828-1831, with bricks made by the Society members, this is the second building erected for worship. It is believed designed by Frederick Rapp. The spiritual life of the Society centered here. — — Map (db m40236) HM
100 ► Pennsylvania, Beaver County, Ambridge — Old Economy —
On Church Street, on the left when traveling north.
Third and last home, 1825-1905, of the Harmony Society, religious community founded by George Rapp in 1805. — — Map (db m40245) HM

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Oct. 11, 2026