On 17th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south.
(Obverse): In 1937 this Victorian-style house became the home of John W. Work III. A teacher and composer for 39 years, he served his alma mater by enriching the Fisk musical traditions. Director of the Jubilee Singers, Work III, a serious . . . — — Map (db m5509) HM
Recognized during his lifetime primarily as a chemist, teacher, and administrator at Fisk University, Thomas W. Talley (1870- 1952) was also Tennessee's first African-American folklorist. A native of Bedford County, he began collecting folk songs . . . — — Map (db m5507) HM
Near Jackson Street west of 17th Avenue North, on the right when traveling west.
1868 — Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts
1963 — Died in Accra, Ghana
1885 — Great Barrington High School
1888 — Fisk University, A.B.
1890 — Harvard University, A.B.
1892 — Harvard University, M.A.
1893 — University of Berlin . . . — — Map (db m182182) HM
On Dr DB Todd Jr Blvd at Morena Street, on the left when traveling north on Dr DB Todd Jr Blvd.
At this site lived Arna W. Bontemps, one of the most prolific contributors to the Harlem or Negro Renaissance. From 1943 to 1965, Bontemps, an award-winning poet, playwright, novelist, biographer, historian, editor, and author of children's books, . . . — — Map (db m4959) HM
On Dr. D. B. Todd, Jr. Blvd at Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling south on Dr. D. B. Todd, Jr. Blvd.
After the pre-dawn bombing of atty. Z. Alexander Looby's home, approx. 3000 civil rights leaders and students from Tenn. St., Fisk, Meharry, American Baptist College, and Pearl High School marched along this route on April 19, 1960, to meet with . . . — — Map (db m4226) HM
On Dr. D. B. Todd, Jr. Blvd. at Meharry Blvd, on the right when traveling south on Dr. D. B. Todd, Jr. Blvd..
Turpin, a 1918 alumnus, was appointed Professor in 1937 and acting dean of the Dental School in 1938. Attesting to his profound devotion to Meharry's School of Dentistry, which was founded in 1886, Turpin gave his personal finances to keep the . . . — — Map (db m4225) HM
On Meharry Boulevard at 21st Avenue North, on the right when traveling east on Meharry Boulevard.
In 1927, Dr. West came to Meharry Medical College as Associate Professor of Chemistry. A 1930 Julius Rosenwald Fellowship Recipient and a 1935 Fellow of the General Education Board, he returned to Meharry to serve as the first Ph. D on faculty as . . . — — Map (db m4519) HM
On Albion Street east of 21st Avenue North, on the right when traveling east.
Meharry College graduate. As organizer for TN Woman's Suffrage Association. Helped register about 2,500 black women voters in 1919. — — Map (db m224032) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling east.
Fisk University is home to the Bulldogs, and its athletic programs have a long history of success. Over the years, from football to basketball, golf, tennis, and track, Fisk has produced exceptional student athletes, and cultivated them as both . . . — — Map (db m208816) HM
On Dr DB Todd Jr Boulevard near Hermosa Street, on the right when traveling south.
This Dutch Colonial house was built in 1931 for James Weldon Johnson. He served as U.S. Consul to Venezuela and Nicaragua, editor of the New York Age, and field secretary of the NAACP. Johnson's poem, "Lift Every Voice and Sing," set to music by his . . . — — Map (db m4520) HM
On Dr. D. B. Todd, Jr. Blvd. at Meharry Blvd, on the right when traveling south on Dr. D. B. Todd, Jr. Blvd..
Meharry Medical College, established in 1876 through the efforts of Dr. George W. Hubbard, Dr. Willliam J. Sneed, and Samuel Meharry, is the only AMA accredited, privately endowed, predominantly Negro medical school in the world. During its first 90 . . . — — Map (db m5506) HM
After the Civil War, Methodist clergymen organized the Freedman's Aid Society to elevate education for African Americans. In 1876, with contributions form the Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church North and the Meharry brothers, Samuel, . . . — — Map (db m207837) HM
On Jefferson Street, 0.1 miles east of 21st Avenue North, on the right when traveling east.
This intersection marks the location of the former headquarters of the Nashville Student Movement (NSM) established October 1959. Led by students committed to the ethos of direct action and civil disobedience, as taught by the Reverend James Lawson, . . . — — Map (db m147893) HM
On 21st Avenue North at Albion Street, on the right when traveling north on 21st Avenue North.
Named in honor of Frank S. Royal, Sr., M.D., Class of 1968, the first alumnus elected Chairman of the Meharry Medical College Board of Trustees (1989-2005). His steadfast leadership contributed immensely to Meharry's prominence among America's . . . — — Map (db m229872) HM
On Jefferson Street at Dr. DB Todd Jr. Boulevard, on the right when traveling east on Jefferson Street.
Less than five years after its creation, Fisk University was struggling financially, so in 1871 the school sent a nine-member student chorus on a fundraising tour of the northeasten United States. However, small audiences, meager donations, and the . . . — — Map (db m213246) HM
On Jefferson Street at Dr. DB Todd Jr. Boulevard, on the left when traveling west on Jefferson Street.
During the Civil War, the hill upon which Fisk University sits today (one of the highest points in Nashville) was a Confederate fort. Upon its capture by Union troops, it was used as an army barracks until after the war had ended, at which point . . . — — Map (db m213247) HM
On Dr. DB Todd Jr. Boulevard at Morena Street, on the right when traveling south on Dr. DB Todd Jr. Boulevard.
William J. Faulkner, a Congregational minister, folklorist and author, lived at this site from 1935 to 1947. He served as Fisk University's Dean of Men from 1934 to 1942 and as Dean of the Chapel from 1943 to 1953, During his tenure, he reorganized . . . — — Map (db m147901) HM
On Nolensville Pike (Alternate U.S. 31) south of Timmons Street, on the right when traveling south.
By 1800 Whitsett's Chapel became this area's first school. In Jan. 1899 Flat Rock native, philanthropist and real estate developer R.W. Turner and wife Sallie W. Turner gave 2 acres for a new 9th dist. public school. The first Turner School was . . . — — Map (db m147124) HM
On Hillsboro Pike, 0.1 miles north of Abbott Martin Road, on the right when traveling north.
Hillsboro High School was built in 1939 to
serve rural students between Bellevue and
Antioch. It is named for Hillsboro Pike, which
runs along the western boundary of the
school property. In 1952, following a complete
renovation, the school was . . . — — Map (db m223713) HM
On Granny White Pike at Morrow Avenue, on the right when traveling south on Granny White Pike.
This cabin was home, periodically, up to 1882 of educator, editor, and religious leader David Lipscomb and wife, Margaret Zellner Lipscomb. The Associated Ladies for Lipscomb moved it here from Bell's Bend in 1985. In 1903 the Lipscombs built . . . — — Map (db m53347) HM
On Hobbs Road east of Wallace Lane, on the right when traveling west.
Dedicated educator who served Davidson County public schools 57 years as a teacher, the first Supervisor of Elementary Education 1911-1944, and Director of Character Education, Miss Julia oversaw schools countywide. A progressive, she pioneered . . . — — Map (db m53385) HM
On Benham Avenue, 0.1 miles north of Woodmont Boulevard (Tennessee Route 155), on the left when traveling north.
Major General Alexander Peter Stewart's corps was one of three Confederate infantry corps in the Battle of Nashville. Stewart was likely the most competent Confederate officer left in the Army of Tennessee. Captain William D. Gale, of nearby Gale . . . — — Map (db m151715) HM WM
On Hobbs Road west of Estes Road, on the right when traveling east.
On Sept. 17, 1951, Harpeth Hall opened as an independent girls' college preparatory school on the former P.M. Estes estate. Susan Souby headed the first school of 161 girls. Originating with Ward Seminary (1865-1913); Belmont College for Young Women . . . — — Map (db m81471) HM
On West End Avenue (U.S. 70S) at Bowling Avenue, on the right when traveling east on West End Avenue.
One of Nashville's best examples of Colonial Revival style, this building was designed by Donald Southgate and opened in 1937. Public Works Administration funds supported its construction during a major city school building project of the 1930s. . . . — — Map (db m52598) HM
Woodmont School opened in 1931 on land purchased
by area parents for $3000. Thousands of students
attended in grades one through eight, and the
school served as the hub of the community for the
next 50 years. Many former students . . . — — Map (db m192990) HM
On West Greenwood Avenue west of Bailey Street, on the right when traveling west.
School Desegregation in Nashville. "Nashville Plan" Schools. In Brown v. Topeka (1954) and Brown II (1955) the U.S. Supreme Court ordered public schools nationwide to end racial segregation "with all deliberate speed." Nashville . . . — — Map (db m242725) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
Dr. Manley received a B.A. at Spelman College in Atlanta in 1955 and went straight to Meharry Medical College, where she graduated in 1959. She became a commissioned officer of U.S. Public Health in 1976 with a rank of captain. She reached the . . . — — Map (db m209115) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
As a musician and a lifelong resident of Nashville, Cox formed the King Casuals with Jimi Hendrix and played the Jefferson Street club scene for many years. As a bassist and close friend of Jimi Hendrix, Cox went on to tour with The Jimi Hendrix . . . — — Map (db m209155) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Bishop Graves founded the Temple Church in Nashville in 1977. His professional career began with training at the American Baptist Theological Seminary in Nashville and hen proceeded to the Wesley Theological Seminary in Washington D.C. Several of . . . — — Map (db m209160) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
TSU's Center for Service Learning and Civic Engagement is a program that exists to facilitate quality educational experiences through community based service learning. The Center connects campus and community resources to create diverse learning . . . — — Map (db m208991) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
David Levering Lewis was granted admission to Fisk University at the age of fifteen. He graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Fisk in 1956. He is a two time Pulitzer Prize Winner for Biography or Autobiography, for part one and part two of his biography of . . . — — Map (db m209112) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Dr. LaFayette, an ordained minister, earned a B.A. from American Baptist Theological Seminary. Throughout his career he has been a Civil Rights Movement activist, minister, educator, lecturer and an authority on the strategy on nonviolent social . . . — — Map (db m209145) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
Dr. Ballard is a graduate of Meharry Medical College and currently serves as a Professor and Chair of the Department of Pathology at Meharry. He previously held the position of Vice President for Student Affairs and Associate Dean of Students and . . . — — Map (db m209064) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Dr. Starks is a Tennessee State University Alumna and faculty member. In 1986, Starks became the first female head coach of an NCAA Divisional Men's Golf Team. Starks coached the men's golf team to the National Minority Golf Championship in 2005. . . . — — Map (db m209123) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Dr. Harris was appointed President of American Baptist College in 1990. He is also the Director of the Kelly Miller Smith Institute on Black Church Studies and Assistant Dean for Black Church Studies at Vanderbilt University Divinity School. Dr. . . . — — Map (db m209148) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
Dr. Franklin graduated magna cum laude from Fisk University in 1935. He began his teaching career at Fisk University as well. He went on to teach at several notable universities and become one of the most important historians of the 20th century. . . . — — Map (db m209117) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
Dr. Watkins graduated from Tennessee State University in 1966. He majored in biology and was the student body president. He went on to integrate the Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, becoming the first black to graduate from that . . . — — Map (db m209116) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
Ella Sheppard enrolled at Fisk University in the fall of 1868. When she was invited to be an assistant music director just a year later, she became Fisk's first black instructor. "Miss Sheppard" traveled with the Jubilee Singers for eleven years as . . . — — Map (db m208985) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
On October 6, 1871, George L. White, Fisk Treasurer and music professor, took a nine-member choral ensemble of students on tour to earn money for the University. Jubilee Day is celebrated annually on October 6th to commemorate this historic day. One . . . — — Map (db m209157) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
Throughout the summer of 1961 more than 60 different Freedom Rides took place across the South. It is estimated that nearly 450 individuals took part in the Freedom Rides. More than 300 were arrested, including 14 students from Tennessee State . . . — — Map (db m209049) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
General 'Fig' Newton earned a bachelor of science degree in aviation education from Tennessee State University in 1966. He would later serve as the commander for Air Education and Training Command, headquartered at Randolph Air Force Base. Over the . . . — — Map (db m209113) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
I.T. Creswell was a Fisk University graduate and spent his entire adult life as a Nashville resident. He was an entrepreneur, activist, motivator, and dreamer. He was dedicated to inspiring young people and creating better opportunities for all . . . — — Map (db m209073) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Elected to the Nashville City Council in 1878, James C. Napier was instrumental in the hiring of black teachers for the segregated public schools and was the first black to serve as council president. His civil involvement included the co-founding . . . — — Map (db m209142) HM
On 28th Avenue North north of Hadley Park Entrance, on the right when traveling south.
West of 28th Ave N, Jefferson St. is called John A. Merritt Blvd., named for the legendary Tennessee State University football coach. From 1963 up until declining health forced his retirement in 1983, Merritt compiled a 172-33-7 record and led the . . . — — Map (db m221450) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Work attended Fisk University, where he organized singing groups and studied Latin and history, graduating in 1895. He took an appointment as a Latin and History instructor at Fisk in 1904. In 1890 he began working with his wife and brother . . . — — Map (db m209153) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the right when traveling west.
John Wesley Work III began his musical training at The Fisk University Laboratory School, attended Fisk High School and received a Bachelor of Arts Degree from Fisk University in 1923. After graduating, he attended the Institute of Musical Arts in . . . — — Map (db m209114) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Perry Wallace was a 1966 graduate of Pearl High School. He went on to become the first African American varsity athlete in the Southeastern Conference while playing basketball for Vanderbilt University. He was drafted by the Philadelphia 76ers in . . . — — Map (db m209124) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Dr. Buchanan became the pastor of the historic Fifteenth Avenue Baptist church in 1994. In 2001 the church was recognized by a national research team as one of only 300 churches, from among 100,000 Protestant and Catholic churches in the nation, as . . . — — Map (db m209164) HM
On 28th Avenue North at John A Merritt Blvd, on the left when traveling west on 28th Avenue North.
Tennessee State University was founded in 1912 as the Agricultural and Industrial Normal School by the State of Tennessee. In 1951 the school obtained university status from the Tennessee State Board of Education. TSU has grown into a nationally . . . — — Map (db m209480) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
The Aristocrats were formed in the fall of 1946. The 100-piece marching band took to the field at Tennessee State University and a tradition of excellence was born. The marching band has developed into a premier university band known for it's . . . — — Map (db m209158) HM
On 33rd Avenue North north of Clover Street, on the left when traveling north.
Established in April 1919, the Reserve Officers' Corps at Tennessee State University (then Tennessee Agricultural and Industrial State Normal School) was one of the first ROTC units at an African-American college. Under First Lieutenant Grant . . . — — Map (db m147826) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Dr Lobby came to Nashville in 1926, where he began a notable
career in education, in the law, and in citizenship.
He taught at Fisk University and
Tennessee A&I (TSU) and later helped to found
The Kent College of Law, Nashville's first law . . . — — Map (db m209139) HM
On Morena Street at 25th Ave N, on the left when traveling west on Morena Street.
Named for George E. Washington, former principal of Pearl High School, this grade 7-9 school opened in 1928. Principals included J. A. Galloway, Braxton Murrell and Isaiah Suggs. Students took classes in English, history, Latin, science, math, . . . — — Map (db m234916) HM
On Fairfax Avenue at 25th Avenue South, on the right when traveling west on Fairfax Avenue.
Elizabeth Rhodes Atchison, born in Nashville on Feb. 26, 1858, married prominent banker John H. Eakin in 1882. Active in many civic causes, in 1917 she became the first woman to join the Nashville City School Board. After her death in 1936, a new . . . — — Map (db m147450) HM
On Bernard Avenue, 0.1 miles east of 24th Ave S, on the right when traveling west.
Mother Catherine McAuley (1778-1841) founded the Sisters of Mercy in 1831 in Dublin, Ireland, with the mission to serve those in need. In 1866, six Sisters of Mercy came to Nashville and opened St. Bernard Academy for young women. The school and . . . — — Map (db m241221) HM
On 12th Avenue South just south of Ashwood Avenue, on the right when traveling south.
School Desegregation in Nashville "Nashville Plan" Schools
In Brown v. Topeka (1954) and Brown II (1955)
the U.S. Supreme Court ordered public schools
nationwide to end racial segregation "with all
deliberate speed.” Nashville . . . — — Map (db m169073) HM
On Acklen Avenue, on the left when traveling east.
In 1913, Belmont College (est. 1890) and Ward's Seminary (est. 1865) merged to form Ward-Belmont College, a women's junior college, preparatory school, and music conservatory on Adelicia Acklen's Belle Monte estate. It was the first junior college . . . — — Map (db m52144) HM
On Woodland Street at South 7th Street, on the left when traveling east on Woodland Street.
This property has been
placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
by the United States
Department of the Interior
circa 1850 — — Map (db m198911) HM
On Jefferson Street, on the left when traveling east.
Born Potsdam, Prussia. Came to Nashville 1838. Lived in home on this site. Architect, Engineer & Builder; Designed Univ. of Nash. Main Bldg., Central State Hosp. Main Bldg., Suspension Bridge over Cumberland River. Masonic Leader; Adj. U.S. Army . . . — — Map (db m4512) HM
On 9th Avenue North, on the right when traveling north.
Jones School
Named for long-time North Nashville principal
R. W. Jones (1849-1933), Jones School opened
in 1936 to replace the old Buena Vista School.
Four African American first graders desegregated the school on Sept. 9, 1957. A crowd . . . — — Map (db m193466) HM
On Gallatin Pike South, 0.2 miles north of Briley Parkway (Tennessee Route 155), on the right when traveling north.
Fort Nashboro settlers began building outposts throughout Davidson County. An area known as Springhill, located on a hill with a freshwater spring, became one of the most important in the development of present day Madison. Spring Hill Cemetery, the . . . — — Map (db m224783) HM
Near Gallatin Avenue just south of North 11th Street, on the right when traveling south.
Kelley vs. Board of Education of Nashville
One year after the U.S. Supreme Court's landmark Brown vs. Board of Education decision, Robert W. Kelley, an American Black, was lured away from East High School when he attempted . . . — — Map (db m145793) HM
On Rosa L. Parks Boulevard (Alternate U.S. 41) 0.2 miles Athens Way, on the right when traveling west.
Brick manufacturer and builder, who fought under General Andrew Jackson in the Creek campaigns and at the Battle of New Orleans, left at his death in 1880 property and $100,000 as an endowment for a school later called Watkins Institute, organized . . . — — Map (db m147768) HM
On West End Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
Cornelius Vanderbilt
Born May 27.1794.
Founded Vanderbilt University Mch.17.1873.
Died Jan 4, 1877.
East panel:
"Mr. Vanderbilt has achieved a fame as enduring as the builder of the pyramids, so long as Tennessee shall remain . . . — — Map (db m214550) HM
On 25th Avenue South, on the right when traveling south.
Marvin T. Duncan, a graduate of Webb School (Bell Buckle) and Vanderbilt University, founded Duncan School in 1908 at this site on 25th Avenue S. He and his wife, Pauline, taught at the school until it closed in 1952. The Duncans dedicated their . . . — — Map (db m52171) HM
Near Edgehill Avenue south of Magnolia Circle, on the left when traveling west.
These Ionic column capitals once adorned the Cumberland College building constructed in 1806 just south of downtown Nashville. Originally founded in December 1785 as Davidson Academy (the nation's 15th college), Cumberland's charter was altered in . . . — — Map (db m54250) HM
The Nashville Normal and Theological Institute, renamed Roger Williams University, occupied a thirty-acre tract along Hillsboro Pike from 1974 to 1905. Founded by the American Home Mission Society, it was the largest of the Baptist Schools for . . . — — Map (db m202508) HM
On 21st Avenue, on the right when traveling north.
The Nashville Institute, renamed Roger Williams University, was located on a 28 acre campus next to Hillsboro Pike from 1874 to 1905. It was the largest of the Baptist schools for African-Americans, influencing many important educators and leaders. . . . — — Map (db m28417) HM
On 19th Avenue South north of Scarritt Place, on the right when traveling north.
Established in Kansas City in 1892 by the Methodist Episcopal Church South and moved to Nashville in 1924, Scarritt trained laity in Christian education, music, and missions until it closed in 1988. Much of the Collegiate Gothic campus architecture . . . — — Map (db m60196) HM
On Edgehill Avenue west of 19th Avenue South, on the right when traveling west.
Founded in 1915 as the successor to The Winthrop Model School at the University of Nashville, Peabody Demonstration School was established at this site in 1925 to utilize the teacher training methods developed at George Peabody College for Teachers. . . . — — Map (db m52366) HM
An independent, privately supported university founded 1873 by Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt, New York shipping & railway magnate, who gave $1,000,000 to start the university & expressed his wish that it should "contribute to strengthening the ties . . . — — Map (db m25435) HM
On 21st Avenue South at Broadway, on the right when traveling south on 21st Avenue South.
These stone gateposts date back to the earliest days of the Vanderbilt University campus (c.1875). They supported iron gates allowing entrance through a board fence which surrounded the university grounds. The whitewashed fence, crossed by several . . . — — Map (db m214007) HM
On Briley Parkway (Tennessee Route 155) at Vultee Boulevard, on the right when traveling north on Briley Parkway.
In 1844, noted educator, evangelist, and agriculturalist Tolbert Fanning started Franklin College, a liberal arts school near this site where boys farmed to cover tuition. In 1855 he co-founded the Gospel Advocate, a religious journal. Fanning's . . . — — Map (db m147559) HM
On Charles E. Davis Boulevard at Fain Street, on the right when traveling north on Charles E. Davis Boulevard.
Constructed in 1892 for Hose Company #1, this building is one of the earliest extant fire halls in Nashville. The upstairs housed firefighters while the lower floor stabled the company's two horses. R. C. Burk served as the first Captain. The fire . . . — — Map (db m147544) HM
On 7th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south.
State-supported education took a giant step forward with the founding of five colleges, mainly "normal schools" for teacher education.
They became state universities. Although prized distilleries and breweries had operated for decades, prohibition . . . — — Map (db m216164) HM
On 7th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south.
In 1922, 16 poets and critics, many from Vanderbilt University, began issuing their poetry magazine, The Fugitive. Donald Davidson, John Crowe Ransom, Allen Tate, and Robert Penn Warren went on to write essays for the Agrarian manifesto, . . . — — Map (db m216737) HM
On 7th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south.
Tennessee became a leading agricultural state, Nashville was selected as the permanent capital, and the establishment of new schools and colleges reflected a growing refinement. Thousands of Cherokee were forcibly removed from their ancestral lands . . . — — Map (db m215445) HM
On 7th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south.
Belmont College (later Belmont University)
founded in 1951 at Nashville on the site of
Ward Belmont College for Women, 1913-1951 — — Map (db m218522) HM
On Rep. John L. Lewis Way (FKA 5th Avenue North) north of Harrison Street, on the right when traveling north.
Coach Ed Temple is a Nashville and American legend, the embodiment of perseverance, determination and success.
As women's track coach at Tennessee State University from 1953 to 1994 and coach of the U.S. women's Olympic track team in 1960, 1964 . . . — — Map (db m165436) HM
On 7th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south.
The East Tennessee State University College of Medicine (later James H. Quillen College of Medicine) admitted its first class of students in 1978. — — Map (db m218819) HM
On 7th Avenue North, on the left when traveling south.
Hall Moody Institute (later replaced
by the University of Tennessee Junior College, now University of Tennessee
at Martin) founded in 1900. — — Map (db m216156) HM
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