Following their defeat at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, the Creek Indians ceded millions of acres to the U.S. government. Within the cession, two rival towns soon sprang up on the south bank of the Alabama River's "Big Bend": New . . . — — Map (db m143118) HM
Side 1
Abram Mordecai
1755-1849
Born October 24, 1755 in Pennsylvania; settled 1783 in Georgia where he became a successful trader among the Cusseta Indians. First U.S. citizen to settle (1785) in what became Montgomery County. . . . — — Map (db m71357) HM
North/Navy Side "The seamen of Confederate fame startled the wondering world: for braver fight was never fought, and fairer flag was never furled." Anon.
West/Cavalry Side "The knightliest of the knightly race who since the . . . — — Map (db m86060) HM
Twelve miles above Montgomery the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers unite to form the Alabama which meanders over four hundred miles on its way to Mobile Bay. This river has played major role in region's history, being a thoroughfare for Native Americans, . . . — — Map (db m26591) HM
Side 1
Alabama State University
The Early Years
Founded in 1867, the Lincoln School in Marion, Alabama became the first state-assisted normal school for African Americans in 1874. The school prospered in that location for 13 . . . — — Map (db m71345) HM
Alabama's First Capitals
On March 3, 1817, Congress designated the town of St. Stephens on the Tombigbee River north of Mobile as capital of the newly formed Alabama Territory. There in 1818, the territorial legislature named Huntsville as the . . . — — Map (db m86063) HM
At the intersection of Commerce Street and Dexter Avenue, Court Square is arguably the most historic location in America. As the center of 19th century
Southern economic and political power, Montgomery's Court Square was host to a massive slave . . . — — Map (db m91736) HM
Side 1
Aurelia Eliscera Shines Browder was born January 29, 1919, in Montgomery, Alabama. She graduated with honors in 1956 from Alabama State Teachers College (now Alabama State University).
In April 1955, Browder's refusal to give up . . . — — Map (db m71349) HM
Bell Street Baptist Church was organized on August 12, 1883. Under the leadership of Rev. A. L. Hawkins, the early congregation met in a house in Cooks Alley. In 1922, during Rev. G. R. Hill’s tenure, the congregation moved to a building on . . . — — Map (db m245431) HM
Bernard Whitehurst and the Whitehurst Case
On December 2, 1975, Bernard Whitehurst was shot to death by a police officer in Montgomery, Alabama. He died behind a house on Holcombe Street, running from police officers who mistakenly believed . . . — — Map (db m69366) HM
Bill Traylor was born into an enslaved family on a Dallas County plantation. Around age ten, Traylor and his family were relocated to another plantation in neighboring Lowndes County, where they remained as laborers after Emancipation. Between 1939 . . . — — Map (db m205231) HM
1868-1869: Senate: Benjamin F. Royal, Bullock; House: Benjamin Alexander, Greene; James H. Alston, Macon; Samuel Blandon, Lee; John Carraway, Mobile; George Cox, Montgomery; Thomas H. Diggs, . . . — — Map (db m46414) HM
(side 1)
Brigadier General Birkett Davenport Fry, CSA
Born Virginia; educated VMI and West Point; fought in Mexico; practiced law in California; married Alabamian whose family owned the Tallassee cotton mill; served as general in . . . — — Map (db m86065) HM
Side 1
Charles O. Harris was born in Tuskegee, Alabama, on August 5, 1852.
He attended Oberlin College in Ohio. Later, in 1870, he became one of
the first students at Howard University in Washington, D.C. Returning
to Alabama during . . . — — Map (db m155110) HM
Greek immigrant Christopher Anastasios Katechis opened Chris’ Hot Dogs on May 1, 1917, at 138 Dexter Avenue. Until the 1960’s, Chris offered curb service for its hot dogs, leading to long lines of cars cued for service. The hot dogs featured Chris’ . . . — — Map (db m103243) HM
City of Montgomery Two small villages, New Philadelphia, founded by Massachusetts lawyer Andrew Dexter in 1817, and East Alabama, established by Georgians led by John Scott in 1818, united in 1819 to form Montgomery, named for Revolutionary hero . . . — — Map (db m86068) HM
On May 20, 1961, a group of black and white SNCC members led by John Lewis left Birmingham for Montgomery on a Greyhound bus. They were determined to continue the "Freedom Ride" from Washington, D.C. to New Orleans that had met with violence in . . . — — Map (db m71256) HM
Civil War-Barnes School
In April 1865, the Union Army command made this house its headquarters. Mrs. Pickett hid her silver on an inside ledge of the cupola. Later, former Confederate Generals Hood, Bragg, and Walker visited here. In 1906, . . . — — Map (db m86072) HM
Side A During the War Between the States medical knowledge was primitive. As a result, twice as many men died of disease than in battle from wounds. Early in the War, childhood diseases such as measles, mumps and chicken pox decimated entire . . . — — Map (db m36495) HM
The church was organized in 1912 under Rev. O. W. Walker and moved from
Bell Street to the present location during the same year. The first deacons
of the new church were Nathaniel Brown Jr., Willie B. Davis, James Gaston
Sr., and Earnest . . . — — Map (db m223849) HM
A native of Opelika, Alabama, he is the son of Clement C. Torbert and Lynda Meadows Torbert. He was educated in the Opelika public schools. He attended the United States Naval Academy and received his B.S. Degree from Auburn University in 1951. He . . . — — Map (db m86073) HM
Side 1
Confederate Military Prison
Near this site, from mid April to December 1862, a Confederate military prison held, under destitute conditions, 700 Union soldiers, most captured at Shiloh. They were imprisoned in a foul, . . . — — Map (db m71369) HM
In February, 1861, delegates from six of the seven seceding southern states met in Montgomery to establish the government of the CSA. Newly elected President Jefferson Davis named J.H. Reagan of Texas as Postmaster General. Reagan established the . . . — — Map (db m71242) HM
Placed by the City over Artesian Basin and crowned by Hebe, Goddess of Youth and Cup-bearer to the Gods. Fountain was cast by J.L. Mott Iron Works of New York. Restored by Robinson Iron of Alexander City in 1984 during the administration of Mayor . . . — — Map (db m36501) HM
On a wall in this building,
"The Montgomery Theater"
Dan Emmett
first inscribed the score of Dixie for his minstrel orchestra.
H.F. Arnold
arranged it for band music and used it at the inauguration of
Jefferson Davis . . . — — Map (db m36574) HM
These decorative terra cotta lions heads, typical of the ornamentation used in commercial style architecture in the early part of the 20th century, were utilized by the First National Bank of Montgomery on the cornice of their 12 story building . . . — — Map (db m36646) HM
This street was named to honor Andrew Dexter one of the founders of Montgomery Along this street moved the inaugural parade of Jefferson Davis when he took the oath of office as President of the Confederate States of America February 18, 1861 . . . — — Map (db m36589) HM
The second black Baptist Church in Montgomery. First pastor was Rev. C. O. Boothe. Present structure built 1885. Designed by Pelham J. Anderson; built by William Watkins, a member of the congregation.
Many prominent black citizens of Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m25128) HM
This tablet marks the site of the office and infirmary of DR. J. MARION SIMS Here, in 1845, he performed the first closure of a vesico-vaginal fistula with wire suture, using a pewter spoon as speculum. This operation made him famous throughout the . . . — — Map (db m36576) HM
Elijah Cook
Educator, Businessman, Lawmaker
Born a slave in Wetumpka in 1833, Elijah Cook became a leader in Montgomery’s African American community. Credited with helping to establish the city’s first school for blacks in the basement . . . — — Map (db m69222) HM
Here at the Indian village of Encanchata, future site of Montgomery, Col. John Tate, last British agent to the Muscogee Nation, recruited and drilled Creek warriors in 1780 to relieve Tories in Augusta, Ga. being besieged by American patriots. — — Map (db m71373) HM
Born in Montgomery, Alabama, he is the son of Ernest Arnold Hornsby and Kate Clayton Hornsby. A 1955 graduate of Tallassee High School, he received his B.A. Degree from Auburn University and his Juris Doctor Degree from the University of Alabama . . . — — Map (db m69338) HM
1540 expedition of Spanish explorer Hernando de Soto was first to penetrate Alabama interior. After advancing down Coosa Valley these adventurers camped nearby at Towasa (TO THE WEST) and then followed river on its southern course. In 1702. . . . — — Map (db m224812) HM
Organized in 1866, this pioneering congregation grew out of First Baptist Church, now on Perry Street, where early parishioners had worshipped as slaves. The first building, facing Columbus Street, was erected in 1867. Nathan Ashby served as first . . . — — Map (db m36499) HM
Side 1:
Founded November 29, 1829, with four charter members. English-born Lee Compere, a missionary to the Creek Indians, was the first pastor. Services initially were held monthly in a building shared by other denominations. In 1833, the . . . — — Map (db m71251) HM
Designated Executive Residence by the
Provisional Confederate Congress
February 21, 1861. President Jefferson Davis
and his family lived here until the Confederate
Capital moved to Richmond summer 1861.
Built by William Sayre 1832-35 at Bibb . . . — — Map (db m7581) HM
Honoring
Alabama
* War *
Veterans
Erected in commemoration
of the
50th Anniversary
of the
American Legion
Department
of Alabama
March 15,1969 — — Map (db m69308) WM
Side 1
Born in 1930 in Montgomery, Gray was among the foremost civil rights attorneys of the 20th century. Forced by segregation to leave Alabama to attend law school, he vowed to return and "destroy everything segregated I could find." . . . — — Map (db m80842) HM
This historical marker is given in honor of General Charles Graham Boyd and the other brave Americans, living and dead, who as prisoners of war, at times enduring the most brutal treatment imaginable, loved their country and kept . . . — — Map (db m81751) HM
The town of Montgomery, formed on December 3, 1819, through the joining of New Philadelphia and East Alabama, is named for Major General Richard Montgomery, who was the first American general officer killed in America's war for independence. Richard . . . — — Map (db m142117) HM
Georgia Gilmore, cited as a “solid energetic boycott participant and supporter.” Lived in this house during the days of the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Once arrested on a bus, Gilmore was ardent in her efforts to raise funds for the Movement . . . — — Map (db m28197) HM
Thomas Goode Jones, governor of Alabama from 1890-1894, occupied this house during his long political career which took him from the Montgomery City Council to a federal judgeship. During his two terms as governor, his home was the Executive Mansion . . . — — Map (db m36585) HM
Residence of Civil War Governor John Gill Shorter, 1861-63. A strong supporter of Confederacy, Shorter built up defenses of state during war. Growing "Peace Movement" led to his defeat for re-election 1863.
House acquired by Jacob Greil 1878. . . . — — Map (db m74386) HM
The Stars and Bars
Designed by Nicola Marschall of Marion, Ala., and recommended by "The Committee On A Proper flag for the Confederate States of America". It was unfurled over the Capitol in Montgomery on March 4. 1861, while the . . . — — Map (db m224816) HM
Hale Infirmary
On this site for nearly seven decades stood Hale Infirmary. It was
among 25 hospitals in Alabama, and the first in Montgomery, established during the Black Hospital Movement, an effort to overcome
healthcare inequities for . . . — — Map (db m240686) HM
In 1903, forty community members organized Hall Street Baptist
Church. Rev. James Brannon served as the first pastor. The church
played an integral role in Centennial Hill's history and culture and
shone as a beacon for those fighting for Civil . . . — — Map (db m158668) HM
Front Between May 20-24, 1961 Dr. Harris opened this home to a group of 33 students from Nashville, Tennessee, who were challenging interstate bus segregation. Known as the Freedom Riders, the group was attacked at the historic Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m86119) HM
Commemorating
the
centennial
Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Incorporated
Here stood
Mrs. Rosa Parks
Mother of the Civil Rights Movement
and
honorary member of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc.
where she boarded the Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m85986) HM
Also called Hostile Bluff or Thirteen Mile Bluff, this spot located in a deep bend of the Alabama River was once the key to the Southeast and a strategic point in Colonial days. The first steamboat, the Harriet, arrived at this point in 1821, and . . . — — Map (db m86120) HM
One of Montgomery's last pre-Civil War cottages, this structure occupies the site of General John Scott's 1817 pioneer settlement, "Alabama Town."
The columned entrance stoop shows how the Greek Revival style influenced smaller houses as well . . . — — Map (db m95139) HM
On December 13, 1878, a meeting was held in Montgomery for the purpose of forming a bar association, and on January 15, 1879, delegates from each county met for five days at a preliminary conference in the Hall of the House of Representatives. The . . . — — Map (db m86121) HM
Built in the 1850's for Jack Thorington, mayor of Montgomery from 1838-39, this House has also been the home of Mordecai Moses, mayor in the late 1870's, and Joseph Norwood who had been mayor of Fort Deposit before coming to Montgomery. Moses owned . . . — — Map (db m71226) HM
A native of Tuscumbia, he was the son of Reverend Marvin R. Heflin and Louise D. Strudwick Heflin. He was a graduate of Colbert County High School, Birmingham Southern College, and the University of Alabama School of Law. He was a past President of . . . — — Map (db m69336) HM
A native of Notasulga in Macon County, Alabama, he was the son of Mrs. Stella Elizabeth (Burks) Livingston and Mr. James Cooper Livingston of Macon County.
Chief Justice Livingston attended the public school of Macon County and Alabama . . . — — Map (db m86123) HM
A graduate of West Point Military Academy, he served the United States as Colonel of Mississippi Volunteers, Mexican War; member of House of Representatives, Senator, and as Secretary of War. Inaugurated President of the provisional government, . . . — — Map (db m155530) HM
This home was originally owned in 1901 by Emily V. Semple. It changed hands several times until purchased by Flora K. Daniels and Arlam and Johnnie R. Carr, Sr. The Carrs moved into this residence in 1943. They resided here during the 1955 . . . — — Map (db m71265) HM
Side A Jonathan Coggswell Farley 1798-1864Farley acquired two lots on this site in 1817. Here he built both the town's first frame store and first frame two-story building, his house. In Farley's store, an election was held January 3, 1820 . . . — — Map (db m86124) HM
Had his bank on this site 1852-1891. He helped finance Montgomery's business, railroads and industry. Here on Dec. 19, 1870, he bought 4150 acres of land and deeded them to the Elyton Land Co. which later was platted, and on his motion named the . . . — — Map (db m36648) HM
Following two attempted marches from Selma in 1965
civil rights leaders turned to the federal courts for legal
protection prior to the Selma To Montgomery March.
Federal District Court Judge Frank M. Johnson, Jr.,
appointed by President . . . — — Map (db m91321) HM
(side 1)
Juliette Hampton Morgan
Juliette Hampton Morgan was a white Montgomery, Alabama librarian whose privileged upbringing seemed unlikely to produce the determined civil rights activist that she became. Her letters to the . . . — — Map (db m71258) HM
Designed by Stephen Decatur Button, Knox Hall built in the 1840's by William Knox, a native of Ireland who settled in Montgomery in 1830's. Knox founded Central Bank of Montgomery which made first loans to Confederate government.
House . . . — — Map (db m71250) HM
Front
Our Nation Honors People
Who Answered the Call
To Defend a Country
They Never Knew
And People
They Never Met
'Remember Forever" (In Hanguk - yeong-wonhi gieog hari)
Reverse
United Nations . . . — — Map (db m94927) WM
To the
Ladies Memorial Association
formed in this auditorium
April 1866 for the purpose
of ministering to the living
Confederate soldier and
to keep in remembrance
his high principles
and heroic deeds. . . . — — Map (db m71277) HM
On May 20, 1961, a Greyhound bus arrived here with 21 Black and white student Freedom Riders. They aimed to test U.S. Supreme Court rulings that banned the segregation of interstate passengers on buses and in bus stations. News cameras . . . — — Map (db m224866) HM
Built by James J. Gilmer. Purchased by Reuben C. Shorter, 1849, for his wife, Caroline A.V. Billingslea, who later married Tennent Lomax, captain and governor of Orizaba, Mexican War colonel, 3rd Ala. Infantry Regt., CSA, killed at Battle of Seven . . . — — Map (db m86128) HM
History Happened Here
The City of Montgomery built this public park on one of the
lots occupied by the Montgomery Fair Department Store.
Rosa Parks was an assistant to the tailor for Montgomery Fair.
On December 1, 1955, Mrs. Parks . . . — — Map (db m121435) HM
Located on the Federal Road near Line Creek (present Waugh) in eastern Montgomery County, this wayside hotel was built prior to 1818 and was owned by a least two other families before coming into the possession of Walter and Eliza Lucas around . . . — — Map (db m98557) HM
A native of Troy, Lucien Dunbibben Gardner graduated with a Bachelor of Science Degree, from the State Normal School at Troy in 1894. He earned his Bachelor of Arts Degree from The University of Alabama and graduated from the Law Department in 1897. . . . — — Map (db m69333) HM
Major Charles W. DavisA native of Montgomery, graduate of Lanier, alumnus of the Universities of Alabama and Maryland. Major Davis was awarded the Medal of Honor as Executive Officer, 2d Battalion, 27th Infantry Regiment, 25th Infantry Division. . . . — — Map (db m86129) HM
On this site stood, until December 1899, the house in which Marquis de Lafayette was given a public reception and ball, April 4, 1825, while on his last tour through the United States.
This tablet is placed by the Society of the Sons of the . . . — — Map (db m70727) HM
The Air Force presence in Montgomery, Alabama began in April 1918 with the
establishment of the U.S. Army Air Service's Aircraft and Engine Repair Depot #3 at
the same site as the earlier Wright Brothers' flying school. On November 8, 1922,
the . . . — — Map (db m146981) HM
In 1910, Wilbur and Orville Wright opened a flying school on the
Kohn plantation west of Montgomery where for three months they
trained aviators and made history with the first night flight. Today,
Maxwell AFB, home of the Air University, the Air . . . — — Map (db m146978) HM
Side A House built circa 1912. It has been the home of the ministers of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church since 1919. Its most famous occupant, Dr. Martin Luther King, lived here from Sept. 1954-Feb. 1960. During this time he led the Bus Boycott . . . — — Map (db m86132) HM
After Horseshoe Bend defeat, Creeks ceded millions of acres to United States. Cotton was in great demand. This area ideal for crop which is still planted on peninsular across river. In 1817, lands went on sale. Andrew Dexter, Massachusetts lawyer, . . . — — Map (db m61802) HM
Side 1
Montgomery and Electricity
Gaslights in 1854, electric lights in 1883 and the electric trolley in 1886 made Montgomery a state leader in applying modern technology for lighting and motive power. Steam was used first for . . . — — Map (db m71367) HM
Side A The first American Chamber of Commerce was organized in New York City in 1770. The Montgomery Chamber was organized in 1873. Thomas Joseph was its first President. The Alabama State Journal stated at its founding, "Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m36568) HM
(Front)Built 1936-37 Following a fire in 1932 that destroyed a 19th century City Hall, architect Frank Lockwood designed a replacement for the same site. With the Depression affecting all construction projects during the period, the . . . — — Map (db m36571) HM
Montgomery County Circuit Court
Site of Major Civil Rights Cases 1956-1960
In 1956, 89 persons were indicted for violating an anti-boycott law; Rosa Parks' conviction was appealed; the Montgomery Improvement Association car . . . — — Map (db m94925) HM
In grateful memory of the men and women of Montgomery County who fought for God and country on the field of honor in the Korean War They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old: age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn. At the going . . . — — Map (db m36578) WM
Respectfully dedicated to the memory of the men and women
of Montgomery County who made the supreme sacrifice in
World War Two. 1941—1945
Around the circular monument
On Land, On Sea, and in the Air They Died That . . . — — Map (db m94929) WM
Freemasonry is a fraternal order which promotes a spirit of brotherhood, devotion to family, and service to God and country. Local Masonic Lodges and affiliated organizations, such as the Eastern Star, Scottish and York Rite bodies, the Shrine, . . . — — Map (db m71374) HM
On multiple occasions in 1955, black women were arrested for challenging Montgomery's law requiring racial segregation on buses. The arrest of Rosa Parks sparked a mass protest that launched the modern civil rights movement and brought to prominence . . . — — Map (db m118040) HM
Opened in Oct. 1860 as the South moved closer to secession, the theatre was significant in the social, cultural and political life of the city. In the early months, John Wilkes Booth performed here, Bryant Minstrels introduced "Dixie," which was . . . — — Map (db m36572) HM
Montgomery: Learning from the Past
The Whitehurst Case has proven transformative in Montgomery and is part of the body of events and individuals that have shaped both the struggle for civil rights and the relationship between the Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m242522) HM
Side A The city’s slave market was at the Artesian Basin (Court Square). Slaves of all ages were auctioned, along with land and livestock, standing in line to be inspected. Public posters advertised sales and included gender, approximate . . . — — Map (db m28187) HM
Montgomery's Cotton Slide
The history of Montgomery Panel Project is place on top of the remains of Montgomery's Cotton Slide. The Cotton Slide was used to transport heavy cotton bales from the streets above to the waiting steamboats below. . . . — — Map (db m78145) HM
Montgomery's Slave Depots
Montgomery slave traders operated depots where enslaved men, women, and children were confined. The slave depots functioned as active trading sites and as detention facilities where the enslaved were held captive . . . — — Map (db m71227) HM
Greek Revival Home built, 1851 by John H. Murphy, cotton broker and an incorporator and director of the Montgomery Water Works Company, chartered 1854. Union Army Provost Marshal's Headquarters 1865. Elks Club 1902-1967. Restored by Montgomery . . . — — Map (db m36569) HM
Naming the City of Montgomery
Montgomery named for Richard Montgomery, first
American general killed in the Revolutionary War.
In 1819, the Alabama Legislature combined New
Philadelphia and East Alabama to form Montgomery.
Walter B. . . . — — Map (db m69297) HM
Several cultures have occupied this region including
Woodland, Mississippian and, later, Muskogeans.
Called "Creeks" by Europeans, the latter made
their homes along banks of streams. A loose
confederation of tribes, Creeks developed a . . . — — Map (db m146977) HM
The six streets which cross Dexter Avenue between Court Square and the State Capitol are named for Oliver Hazard Perry, James Lawrence, Thomas Macdonough, Issac Hull, Stephen Decatur and William Bainbridge, all naval officers of the War of 1812. . . . — — Map (db m99545) HM
(Side A):Office of Dr. Luther Leonidas HillThis early 20th-century building was office of Dr. L.L. Hill who, in 1902, performed first open heart surgery in the Western Hemisphere when he sutured stab wound in young boy's heart. A . . . — — Map (db m86413) HM
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