On December 28, 1835, during the Second Seminole War, a column of 108 U.S. Army soldiers dispatched from Fort Brooke (Tampa) to relieve the detachment at Fort King (Ocala) was surprised by a strong force of Seminole Indians near Bushnell in Sumter . . . — — Map (db m77413) HM
Coquina stone was quarried on Anastasia Island for use as a construction material, and after the Castillo was completed the material became widely used for private homes as a superior alternative to wood frame construction. Francisco Marin, a . . . — — Map (db m111550) HM
During the 18th century, thousands of enslaved Africans faced starvation, torture, and even death on their journey to the Americas, a voyage known as the middle passage.
What was the Middle Passage?
The Middle Leg of a 3-part Voyage:
. . . — — Map (db m126964) HM
From the late 1720s to the early 1750s the green space just beyond this wall was the site of the church and cemetery for the mission community of La Punta (FL Site #8SJ94). This mission was home to refugee Yamassee and Apalachee Indians who had fled . . . — — Map (db m92980) HM
The Nelmar Terrace area has been the site of portions of a Timucuan Indian village, a plantation under British Governor James Grant in the 1770s, and parcels of Spanish land grants after 1784. From 1844-1869 the area was the southern part of the . . . — — Map (db m100892) HM
This garden is a living tribute to all
of America's veterans and their
families. In silence and respect, this is
a place to remember why millions of
Americans have fought and died for
our liberty and our freedom.
Here we renew our . . . — — Map (db m220157) WM
This site, and main-building, has served as administration, classroom
instruction, and community center—circa 1901 to 1959 – and as a
BEACON-OF- HOPE for the educational and cultural aspirations of a
community with great expectations – . . . — — Map (db m134538) HM
Nine Mile Road was so named because its early eastern terminus at the Kings Road, built in 1775, near U.S. Highway Number 1, is nine miles north of St. Augustine.
Between the terminus of Nine Mile Road at the Kings Road and State Road Number . . . — — Map (db m67695) HM
On this site, Spanish colonists built the chapel of Nuestra Señora de la Soledad shortly after 1572.
A hospital was attached in 1597, thus becoming the first hospital in the continental United States.
In 1687 the chapel was . . . — — Map (db m108377) HM
On this site, the City Archaeology Program uncovered remains of the west wall of the late 16th century church, Los Remedios, which served as the parish church of St. Augustine from 1572 until 1702.
Burned by Francis Drake in 1586 and . . . — — Map (db m93381) HM
The houses on this post are known as the Officers' Quarters. St. Francis Barracks commanding officer from 1875 to 1883, Brevet Brig. Gen. Frederick Dent, lobbied for this construction. Dent allegedly asked First Lady Julia Dent Grant, his sister, . . . — — Map (db m131196) HM
Keeper of the Green and Golf Professional
Royal and Ancient Golf Club, St. Andrews, Scotland
★ ★ ★
Today’s golf course superintendents continue Old Tom’s dedication to preserving the beauty of golf . . . — — Map (db m186948) HM
Civil War structures on parade field included stables, storehouses, wood and gun sheds.
Hospital constructed for U.S. Troops moved across Marine Street circa 1913. — — Map (db m163288) HM WM
Archaeologists have pieced together an understanding of life in Florida before Europeans arrived. Humans were here as early as 13,000 BC. Through time, their lifeways changed because of climate, food availability, and traits introduced by other . . . — — Map (db m208065) HM
Pinehurst is believed to be the earliest segregated African American cemetery in Florida with graves dating back to the 1840s. Similar to San Sebastian, many veterans from the Civil War, WWII, and the Korean War laid to rest here peacefully. — — Map (db m216292) HM
Friends of Libraries U.S.A.
Literary Landmarks Register
Randolph Caldecott 1846-1886
The Caldecott Medal, commissioned in 1938, was named in honor of English illustrator, artist, and sculptor Randolph Caldecott. It is . . . — — Map (db m152195) HM
This Masonic Lodge, built in 1947 with George Morgan as Worshipful Master, was originally organized in 1925 and represents a merger (in 1984) of Prince Hall Lodges—S.D.W. Smith No. 481, Ancient City No. 26, and Mt. Horeb No. 20. This facility is . . . — — Map (db m76918) HM
English:
Safe Haven
Farmers bring crops and food from their fields surrounding the town. Open for trade during the day, but locked up at night, this city gate is the entrance to early 1800s civilization. Here in St. . . . — — Map (db m128083) HM
Beginning in the early 1500s and continuing for more than three centuries, about 12 million African were transported across the Atlantic Ocean into slavery, in what has come to be known as the Middle Passage—the largest forced migration in . . . — — Map (db m80700) HM
The coquina walls of this authentic example of an early Spanish colonial home were built soon after the town was burned during the siege of 1702. Changes and additions made by succeeding generations reflect the city’s history. Archaeology . . . — — Map (db m153773) HM
This cemetery is an early segregated burial site for the African Americans community in Florida with graves dating back to the 1880s. Carved chains on headstones indicate the person was born a slave. Adornments of shells and planted ferns are left . . . — — Map (db m216294) HM
This house was built circa 1809 by Francis Xavier Sanchez and his wife, Mary Hill of Charleston, lately of Virginia. That is the probable reason for the English colonial interior rather than the usual Spanish. This house was retouched for posterity . . . — — Map (db m46790) HM
Historic records indicate that in 1816 a wooden structure occupied this property and by 1829 it was replaced with this prominent two-story coquina stone structure. Concerted efforts to preserve this structure began during the preservation movement . . . — — Map (db m102380) HM
This cemetery was most likely established after the Civil War to serve the settlement of Bakersville. The cemetery was used by both black and white members of the community, with black families buried in the eastern half of the property. The . . . — — Map (db m155056) HM
Historians and archaeologists consulted Colonial and Territorial Period documents to locate the site of the Santo Domingo Redoubt, which was also referred to at various times as the Tolomato Redoubt. Archeological excavations of the Santo Domingo . . . — — Map (db m46581) HM
In 1704, following the English siege of 1702, the Spanish built the Cubo Line to protect the town's northern sector. In the 1730s, they rebuilt the line in anticipation of an English attack from Georgia. In 1808, a time of upheaval in the Spanish . . . — — Map (db m46609) HM
The Infantry Regiment of Cuba was formed in 1786-1789 as a result of Spanish military reforms introduced in the second half of the 1700s. The Regiment consisted of three battalions. The First and Second Battalions were assigned to Havana and . . . — — Map (db m46631) HM
Following the 1702 English siege of St. Augustine, the Spanish began construction of a system of peripheral fortifications to protect the town based on the principle of defense-in-depth. Between 1704-1821, the Spanish completed the outworks of the . . . — — Map (db m188270) HM
Saving the Seawall (English)
Hurricanes, waves, and rain have weakened the fort's historic 1840s seawall. In 2011, the National Park Service created a living seawall using coquina boulders. Silt filling the space between the two . . . — — Map (db m127740) HM
The two-story coquina stone structure was built prior to 1800 to replace a two-story structure that had a rubble masonry first floor and wood frame second floor. Typical of Spanish Colonial site planning, the building is constructed on the street . . . — — Map (db m112493) HM
Fort Peyton was a U.S. Army installation established in 1837 and was one of a chain of military outposts created during the Second Seminole War (1835-1842). The fort consisted of four log houses, a hospital and a commissary. The installation was . . . — — Map (db m229715) HM
Since early times, coastal towers were important in the defense of St. Augustine. From the wooden lookout here in 1586, Spanish sentries warned of approaching English raiders under Sir Francis Drake. Later the tower was built of stone. It served . . . — — Map (db m47391) HM
An Early Warning System The Spanish were well versed in the art of war. They built watchtowers around St. Augustine in order to spot potential danger early enough to muster an effective defense. These two examples of mid-sixteenth . . . — — Map (db m189127) HM
It enabled the sentry to watch outside the fort to the front and sides, and sheltered him from weather and enemy fire. These turrets were red against the white walls of the fort. You can help save the remaining red plaster by not touching it. — — Map (db m46514) HM
This spiritual and civic citadel was established in 1929 with Rev. R.H. Whittaker as spiritual leader, and Chairman of the Board of Deacons, D.P. Mims. This church, the gateway to New Augustine, experienced phenomenal growth under the inspired . . . — — Map (db m77284) HM
This bronze sculpture of a Timucuan child with open arms reflects the innocence of youth and joyful nature of humanity. Installed to honor the sacrifice and labors of the indigenous people, it marks the site were rare Native American artifacts . . . — — Map (db m154004) HM
October 15, 1650 - Sisters of St. Joseph are founded in Le Puy-en-Velay, France
September 2, 1866 - First colony of eight Sisters from Le Puy reach Picolata Landing on the St. Johns River on their journey to St. Augustine
January 15, . . . — — Map (db m126652) HM
Main Battery with which General James Oglethorpe shelled Castillo de San Marcos
June – July 1740
This monument erected by the St. Augustine Historical Society and Institute of Science.
Additional panels . . . — — Map (db m165750) HM WM
(side 1)
Fort Peyton, established by Major General Thomas S. Jesup in August 1837 and garrisoned by regular army troops, was one of a chain of military outposts created during the Second Seminole Indian War, for the protection of the St. . . . — — Map (db m171333) HM
Fort Peyton, established by Major General Thomas S. Jesup in August 1837 and garrisoned by regular army troops, was one of a chain of military outposts created during the Second Seminole Indian War (1835-1842) for the protection of the St. Augustine . . . — — Map (db m214604) HM
Site of the First Fort San Juan de Pinos built by Pedro Menéndez de Avilés A.D. 1565 destroyed 21 years later by Sir Francis Drake 1586 ——————— This tablet authorized by the following committee appointed by the City of St. Augustine, Fla. . . . — — Map (db m221849) HM
On this site, June 18, 1964, sixteen Jewish clergy
marching in protest for civil rights at the request of
the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
were arrested in the largest mass arrest
of rabbis in United States history.
St. . . . — — Map (db m153728) HM
Sizzling Salvo (English)
The furnace fire is blazing hot. A team of soldiers prepares hot shot to fire at wooden warships — heating cannonballs until they glow. During a naval attack, one soldier tends the coal fire and loads the . . . — — Map (db m127739) HM
From 1605 to 1765 there stood on this site a guard house and watch tower Under British rule it became the market and place of public auction ever since called the slave marketThis tablet authorized by the following committee appointed by the city . . . — — Map (db m46818) HM
Fort Mose was established in 1738, when over 100 runaway slaves arrived seeking refuge from their northern plantations. It was the first free Black settlement of self-emancipated slaves in what is now the United States.
Spanish Governor Manuel . . . — — Map (db m134492) HM
The coquina stone, for construction of this and other Colonial structures in St. Augustine, was quarried on Anastasia Island and requires a stucco finish to protect the native shellstone from the elements. Several buildings are located on this site . . . — — Map (db m111471) HM
This building is a significant example of St. Augustine's industrial heritage in cigar manufacturing at the beginning of the 20th century. Overall, the building represents a masonry vernacular style because of the use of local materials like the . . . — — Map (db m111253) HM
The Solla-Carcaba Cigar Factory, completed in 1909, is the last remnant in St. Augustine of the cigar industry, whose local origins date to the 1830s. Political unrest drove many Cuban cigar makers to Florida after 1868. Their numbers in St. . . . — — Map (db m77391) HM
These statues tell the story of two residents of the Segui Kirby Smith House. Edmund Kirby Smith (right) was born in this house in 1826 and Alexander H. Darnes (left) a slave of the Smith's was born ca. 1846.
E. K. Smith graduated from West . . . — — Map (db m143639) HM
A Natural Plant for Defending St. Augustine A member of the yucca family, this hardy plant grows all across North and Central America from coast to coast. With over 40 species across the continent, this evergreen is easily recognized . . . — — Map (db m189126) HM
This cannon is a Spanish 'Long Nine' cast in Spain about 1750 AD. This gun fired a nine pound iron ball to a maximum range of three miles. Even though there are no legible markings on this cannon, historic weapons experts at the Castillo de . . . — — Map (db m188696) HM
Spanish colonists brought European hygiene practices to St. Augustine...for better or worse.
Para bien o para mal, los colonos españoles trajeron San Augustín las costumebres higiénicas que se practicaban en Europa.
St. Augustine residents . . . — — Map (db m188340) HM
A first Spanish period two-story coquina, shingle roofed structure, 33' x 19', erected on the east side of this lot became the barracks for the Spanish dragoons in 1792. Each story had two rooms. One upper room contained a rack for 20 muskets and 40 . . . — — Map (db m47058) HM
Work in the Quarry
Work in the quarry began in 1671. Native American workers had the first backbreaking task of removing the topsoils and vegetation. Once the surface of the coquina stone was exposed, Spanish stonecutters chipped . . . — — Map (db m153682) HM
Spanish Public Well
Constructed prior to 1763
Filled and partially destroyed
during British Occupation
1763 – 1784
Restored 1975 as a Bicentennial project of:
City Of St. Augustine
Historic St. Augustine Preservation . . . — — Map (db m220568) HM
Spanish Stronghold (English)
Castillo de San Marcos symbolizes Spain's vast New World empire. Built between 1672 and 1695, the coquina fort replaced a series of wooden forts that had protected St. Augustine for more than 100 years. . . . — — Map (db m128186) HM
You think your job is tough?
Try being a manure spreader in the 1800s.
Imagine the relief for farmers when the first practical manure spreader was introduced to the farm in 1900. It was developed and patented by Joseph . . . — — Map (db m79592) HM
The two original structures represent one of the oldest private zoos and continuously operated tourist attractions in Florida. Contemporary structures have filled in the property among the original Mediterranean Revival characteristics as the . . . — — Map (db m111254) HM
The St. Augustine Alligator Farm is one of the oldest continuously operated attractions created specifically for the purpose of entertaining visitors to Florida. Its origins date to the early 1890s, the first decade of St. Augustine's emergence as a . . . — — Map (db m111257) HM
Some of the most widely-publicized events of the civil rights movement took place at St. Augustine Beach in the summer of 1964, when wade-ins were conducted at what had historically been a beach reserved for “Whites Only”. Many . . . — — Map (db m40727) HM
This building is associated with New Deal construction and significant for its architecture as an example of Mission Revival style applied to a civic building. Local coquina stone materials and the selection of prominent local architect Frederick . . . — — Map (db m112490) HM
Like a restored masterpiece, the St. Augustine Visitor Information Center continues to do what it has done since the day it opened: Welcome visitors to St. Augustine.
It was the Junior Chamber of Commerce that first proposed the idea of a Civic . . . — — Map (db m112491) HM
Our Dead. In Memoriam our Loved Ones Who gave up Their Lives in the service of The Confederate States Peter Masters. John M. Llambias. Michael G. Llambias. Antonio Mickler. George Mickler. Jacob Mickler. Joseph Noda. Eusebio Pagetti. Frank Papy. . . . — — Map (db m220567) WM
The city of St. Augustine Fiel-y-Firme Dedicated to victory to peace
and to the youth of this city who served their country in the World War 1917 - 1918 On panels around the memorial:Discovered 1513 by Ponce de Leon Founded 1565 by . . . — — Map (db m46849) HM
Four bronze busts represent the activists of St. Augustine’s 1960s civil rights movement. Facing oppression, these foot soldiers for freedom and justice helped pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Their courage changed America. The monument was . . . — — Map (db m154009) HM
Civil War St. Augustine
Florida seceded from the Union in January 1861. Confederate troops then captured Fort Marion, which was built in St. Augustine in the late 1600s as Castillo de San Marcos. By early 1862, the fall of Nashville, . . . — — Map (db m127667) HM
St. Augustine, the oldest European-settled city in the United States, was located on Anastasia Island from 1566 until 1572. Spanish settlers had founded the city on the west shore of the Matanzas River on Sept. 8, 1565. They built homes and a fort. . . . — — Map (db m100739) HM
This portion of the St. Augustine sea wall, extending from King Street to the south end of St. Francis Barracks, was constructed during the period 1833 to 1844. The coquina wall with granite top served as protection for the homes and businesses on . . . — — Map (db m127638) HM
The St. Augustine Waterworks Pumping Station was constructed by the City of St. Augustine in 1898 on land conveyed to the city by Henry Morrison Flagler for their mutual benefit. Flagler saw the need to provide a sanitary supply of water to his . . . — — Map (db m229565) HM
This bastion was named after the patron saint of the city. St. Augustine was established in 1565, 42 years before the English settled Jamestown - 55 years before the Pilgrims stepped onto Plymouth Rock. It grew from 800 people in 1565 to 3,000 in . . . — — Map (db m46513) HM
Here in 1740 the sentry rang the alarm whenever he saw a puff of smoke from enemy cannon across the bay. It was the signal for prayer. Only two men in the fort were killed during the 27-day bombardment. — — Map (db m46348) HM
These coquina walls were once part of the Franciscan chapel and friary of Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, established by missionaries from Spain. Before these walls rose, thatch-roofed wooden buildings on this site were burned in 1599, . . . — — Map (db m6000) HM
The site on which you are standing was originally settled by Franciscan missionaries in 1588. For 175 years, the Convento de San Francisco served as headquarters for the men who labored on behalf of the Spanish king to bring the Catholic faith to . . . — — Map (db m131195) HM
The magnificent Victorian-style quarters along Marine Street were constructed by 1885 as part of a complex of residential buildings for officers and senior enlisted soldiers when St. Augustine was a federal military reservation. These residences . . . — — Map (db m155057) HM WM
Headquarters of the Florida National Guard, Department of Military Affairs.
Original site of Franciscan mission established 1588. — — Map (db m162977) HM
This highway follows closely the route of the old St. Johns Railway between Tocoi Landing on the St. Johns River and St. Augustine. Chartered in 1858, it was the first railroad to serve the city. Steam power was temporarily used on the line in the . . . — — Map (db m73857) HM
This church was founded on May 25, 1875, and led by the inspiring Reverend Ivory Barnes, its first minister. The present edifice, occupied beginning in 1937, has held high the banner of Christ. Inspired in its earliest days by the spirit of The . . . — — Map (db m77285) HM
“According to HIS Divine Light. To Each Of Us, God Has Given A Talent; Some to Lead, Some to Follow, Some to Build!”
In January 1904, plans were made to build the present church. Rev. E.F. Williams is remembered as architect and builder. He . . . — — Map (db m73912) HM
You are standing in a "bastion," looking along the "curtain" wall toward another "bastion." The angles are planned to expose attackers to cross fire from several walls. — — Map (db m46454) HM
During Queen Anne's War (1702) English siege trenches came "within a pistol shot" of this point. English ships blockaded the harbor and 500 soldiers and indians took the town. The Castillo offered the only safety, so 200 Spanish soldiers and 1300 . . . — — Map (db m46510) HM
TabbyComposition Tabby is a unique North American building material consisting of lime, sand, water, and crushed oyster shells. It is predominantly found in the Southeastern United States. Sixteenth-century Spanish explorers and . . . — — Map (db m189128) HM
To save it from pending demolition, this three-story, steep gable-roofed house was relocated to Old Town St. Augustine on December 7, 2004. This was not the first time the house had moved. In a former life it was the north wing of the Hildreth . . . — — Map (db m134500) HM
Before the construction of this two-story wood frame structure in 1886, this site marked the intersection of the Cubo and Rosario lines, earthen embankments that fortified colonial St. Augustine during the late 18th century. Tolomato Indians . . . — — Map (db m90513) HM
Constructed shortly after the turn-of-the-century near the Castillo del San Marcos, the Mary Peck House has undergone nearly as many changes as the post-Flagler period St. Augustine in which it was built. In the past century, the street in front . . . — — Map (db m79689) HM
The Alcazar Hotel, opened by Henry Flagler on December 25, 1888, was designed by his architects, Carrere and Hastings. Flagler ordered it built to provide activities for wealthy winter visitors. It was the center of social life for half a century . . . — — Map (db m47051) HM
A Boat Basin at the east end of the Plaza was constructed as part of the new coquina seawall of 1840. This Basin was important to St. Augustine residents who depended on the river and harbor for their livelihood, travel, and recreation. This photo . . . — — Map (db m92981) HM
In 1682, a new engineer found that this bastion had been built 3 feet too low! By 1686, such mistakes were corrected. Labor for the fort included 100 Indians and Spaniards, plus a few convicts and slaves. Indian laborers got 20¢ per day; masons, . . . — — Map (db m46455) HM
For strength and beauty, the gateway in this palm log defense line was built of white-plastered stone, with red-roofed towers (1808). — — Map (db m127891) HM
1469-1505
The marriage of Fernando II of Aragon to Isabella I of Castile in 1469 laid the foundations for a united Spanish Kingdom. The flag of Castile and Leon was used as the symbol of their rule and has been part of the coat of arms of . . . — — Map (db m191548) HM
Following the 1702 English siege of St. Augustine, the Spanish began construction of a defensive system to protect the Presidio. The Cubo Line, built in 1704 to safeguard the town's northern sector, was the first line of defense the Spanish raised. . . . — — Map (db m46634) HM
The Fountain of Youth is maintained here as a memorial to Juan Ponce De Leon discoverer of Florida and its first Spanish Governor, 1513-1521 ——————In a document signed February 23, 1512, by the King of Spain, Juan Ponce de Leon was given license to . . . — — Map (db m188599) HM
Named in honor of the St. Augustine and North Beach civic leaders, Francis E. and Mary Borum Usina. Just as the bridge spans the North River to connect the St. Augustine mainland with Vilano and North Beach, so too the Usinas were strong links . . . — — Map (db m47557) HM
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