Springfield Baptist Church was established on January 27, 1864 prior to the abolition of slavery, and is among the first African-American churches founded in Middle Georgia. Enslaved workers purchased land from Mrs. Nancy Bickers and began monthly . . . — — Map (db m38893) HM
White Plains Baptist Church was organized in 1806, with all four sanctuaries located here. The current sanctuary was constructed in 1887. Welcoming its first African-American member in 1812, both races worshipped together until 1869. In the late . . . — — Map (db m23997) HM
[Left panel]
Black Americans in Gwinnett have a rich culture and a history of contributions to the community. After the Civil War, the Loving Aid Society (now Love & Aid Society) was founded in order to provide assistance to African . . . — — Map (db m197721) HM
Lynching in America
Thousands of Black people were victims of lynching in the United States between 1865 and 1950. During this era, lynching emerged as the most notorious and public form of racial terrorism, used to enforce racial hierarchy and . . . — — Map (db m197693) HM
This marker and plaza proudly acknowledges the significant contributions of John William Morrow, Jr., and countless citizens for the betterment of this community.
Born in 1918 in Hall County, John W. Morrow, Jr., graduated Booker T. Washington . . . — — Map (db m25993) HM
Dr. Emmett Ethridge Butler was born in Jefferson, Georgia, and reared in Macon. He was graduated from Morehouse College and the Meharry Medical College. He and his family moved to Gainesville in 1936 where he established his medical practice. . . . — — Map (db m14530) HM
Zack Hubert, a former Warren County slave, moved here with his family in 1871. The Huberts were among the first African-American landowners in central Georgia and played influential roles in the area's African-American community. They named their . . . — — Map (db m49413) HM
Emerging from a union of two church schools maintained by Methodists and Baptists during the Reconstruction Period, once located on the premises of Friendship Baptist Church, Hamilton, Georgia. Carver had several name changes during its existence. A . . . — — Map (db m245227) HM
On this site, in 1954, Lucy Laney Elementary School was opened with the mission of educating black children in the Waverly Hall, Shiloh, Ellerslie, and surrounding areas. The school was named in honor of Lucy Craft Laney, a famous black . . . — — Map (db m58971) HM
Hart County Training School (HCTS), established in 1924 for the education of African-American children, was partially funded by the Rosenwald School Building Program. This
program matched funds from philanthropist Julius Rosenwald with community . . . — — Map (db m239143) HM
Hartwell, Georgia
Recognized for its “Architectural and Historical Significance”
by the
State of Georgia
Department of Natural Resources Historical Preservation
and the
National Registry-of Historic Places
by the
United States . . . — — Map (db m185375) HM
Floyd Chapel Baptist Church was a safe place for African Americans to
worship in the early 1800s. One of the first churches in Stockbridge, its
original location was approximately 1.5 miles north, off of what is now called
East Atlanta Road. A . . . — — Map (db m103188) HM
The Jody Town community grew from the need for housing for “Colored” (Black) civilian employees at Robins Air Force Base during the segregation era. Military bases, constructed as part of the war effort for World War II, brought regional economic . . . — — Map (db m197985) HM
Construction of this schoolhouse in 1909 was supervised by Ira Ethridge who had been a teacher before he married Susan Ella Shields. Alex and Emory Shields, grandsons of James Shields, donated two acres of land and the school was named Bachelors' . . . — — Map (db m201048) HM
has been placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
by the United States
Department of the Interior
Circa 1854
Nominated 2002 by JHPC — — Map (db m199914) HM
This house was built around 1912 as a tenant sharecropper's place and would probably have had three or four outbuildings including a chicken house, a small barn, a well house, and a privy. The original building was a two-room cabin. The chimney at . . . — — Map (db m184398) HM
This Market House was built between 1795-1798 as a publicly owned multi-purpose trading house. Louisville newspapers record sales of large tracts, household goods, town lots and slaves by sheriffs, tax collectors, marshals and people of the . . . — — Map (db m15900) HM
African-American members of Big Buckhead Baptist Church founded Carswell Grove Baptist Church in 1867 and constructed the first permanent structure c.1870. Members named the church in honor of Porter Carswell, who donated the land. On April 13, . . . — — Map (db m234831) HM
On April 17, 1944, in the 1st A.B. Church of Dublin, Georgia, fourteen year old Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his first public speech “The Negro and the Constitution.” At this site, a seed was planted in his heart that would grow into his life’s . . . — — Map (db m184511) HM
“The Negro and the Constitution” Martin Luther King, Jr. Negroes were first brought to America in 1620 when England legalized slavery both in England and the colonies and America; the institution grew and thrived for about 150 years upon the backs . . . — — Map (db m184525) HM
Pleasant Grove A.M.E. Church was organized June 29, 1869 at Taylors Creek, GA. Rev. Piner Martin was the first pastor. The first church, a small frame house, was named A.M.E. Church of the U.S.A. Sixteen acres of land were later purchased to build a . . . — — Map (db m15709) HM
William McKinley Walthour, Sr. founded the Union Brotherhood Society or "The Society" in March 1932 to help provide for a proper burial of Negro citizens. During this period of segregation and Jim Crow Laws, Negroes were uninsured and had to use . . . — — Map (db m9491) HM
Founding the athletic programs was considered one of Principal Elizabeth Moore's greatest achievements. School teams came to be known as the Dorchester Academy Tigers and Tigerettes, with "Shag" the tiger as their mascot. Dorchester Academy . . . — — Map (db m9056) HM
In an effort to involve Liberty County African Americans in politics, the Dorchester Cooperative Center (DCC) began to help organize
African American Voters. The DCC taught local African Americans the United States and Georgia constitutions, . . . — — Map (db m8968) HM
Formal education of blacks started with the Freedmen's Bureau in Liberty County. The Homestead School was continued with the aid of the American Missionary Association (AMA) and support of Reconstruction legislator William A. Golding. The AMA . . . — — Map (db m15511) HM
This Georgian Revival building, built in 1934 to replace an earlier structure destroyed by fire, was once part of an extensive school campus begun in 1871 by the American Missionary Association. The school, founded to serve the educational needs of . . . — — Map (db m89833) HM
In 1925, Elizabeth B. Moore began her six-year tenure as Dorchester Academy's only female, African American principal. She insisted that both parents and community accept responsibility for supporting the school. She believed that charity and . . . — — Map (db m9036) HM
The Errosion of the Franchise
With the passage of the 14th and 15th amendments to the U.S. Constitution in 1868 and 1869, African Americans were granted full citizenship and the right to vote. In less than a decade, nearly 100,000 black . . . — — Map (db m9065) HM
The Old Midway Congregational Church, two
miles east on U.S. Highway 17, was formed
by whites (Puritans & Congregationalists )
when they settled in Liberty County. They
were driven to church by their black slaves
who were allowed to sit in . . . — — Map (db m9070) HM
On April 12, 1868, 300 African American Christian believers, under the leadership of the founding pastor, Rev. Joseph Williams, met at the Midway Colonial Meeting House and organized themselves into a Presbyterian Church. An ordained minister from . . . — — Map (db m205326) HM
J. Roosevelt Jenkins, who was Dorchester
Academy's assistant principal, science
teacher and athletic director, replaced
Elizabeth Moore as principal after her death
in 1932. He continued to strengthen the
school's curriculum and the . . . — — Map (db m9058) HM
Citizenship Schools
Dorchester Cooperative Center played a key role in the struggle for civil rights and the vote.
In 1954, Septima Clarke, a school teacher from Charleston, SC and Esau Jenkins, a farmer and school bus driver from Johns . . . — — Map (db m9066) HM
Educator, nurse, and author Susannah "Susie" Baker King Taylor was born into an enslaved Geechee family on the Grest Plantation in Liberty County, Georgia. Educated as a child in secret schools in Savannah, she escaped slavery in 1862 during the . . . — — Map (db m132900) HM
In 1872, African Americans from Liberty County began another letter writing campaign; this time for a teacher to replace Eliza Ann Ward. They requested that their next teacher be both a teacher and a minister. In the spring of 1874, the community . . . — — Map (db m89834) HM
The Midway Congregational Church bell played a very important role in the lives of Dorchester Academy students. It kept time by ringing with an echo that could be heard seven to ten miles away. The bell rang every day at six, seven, eight, nine, . . . — — Map (db m9071) HM
In November 1870, William A. Golding, an African American member
of the Georgia Legislature, wrote the American Missionary Association (AMA) on behalf of the people of Liberty County requesting a teacher. "They want a teacher," he wrote, . . . — — Map (db m9033) HM
The Industrial Arts Department at Dorchester Academy taught students practical skills they could use in everyday life. The boys took classes in farming, woodworking, iron-working, and architecture. The girls were instructed in cooking, sewing, . . . — — Map (db m9057) HM
The First Zion Baptist Church, originally known as Zion Baptist Church, was organized in 1870 under the leadership of the Reverend U.L. Houston. Charter Officers were: Deacons Samuel Jones, Abraham Holmes, Stephney Maxwell, Jack Maxwell, Pulaski . . . — — Map (db m205353) HM
The First African Baptist Church, the oldest black church in Liberty County, had its origins in the North Newport Baptist Church, founded in 1809. In 1818 the North Newport Church, composed of both white and black members, purchased this site and . . . — — Map (db m9175) HM
A two story school building was constructed and dedicated on this site in 1932 as the Hahira High School. It replaced an earlier school building that had burned down. Bishop Nelson donated the land for the school. Later additions of an auditorium . . . — — Map (db m195852) HM
Near this site on May 19, 1918, twenty-one year old Mary Turner, eight months pregnant, was burned, mutilated, and shot to death by a local mob after publicly denouncing her husband’s lynching the previous day. In the days immediately following the . . . — — Map (db m219578) HM
The Flint River Farms Resettlement Project was established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Resettlement Administration in 1937. The Project was one of many similar community resettlement projects organized throughout the South during the New . . . — — Map (db m53122) HM
Horace T. Lumpkin (1857-1930) A Virginia native and son of exslaves, is credited with introducing formal education to black children in Macon County. Lumpkin, who was educated at Knoxville College, Tennessee and Atlanta University, founded the . . . — — Map (db m27258) HM
On the night of July 11, 1964 three African-American World War II veterans returning home following training at Ft. Benning, Georgia were noticed in Athens by local members of the Ku Klux Klan. The officers were followed to the nearby Broad River . . . — — Map (db m29857) HM
Willie Samuel McTear (1901-1959) was born between Big and Little Briar Creeks in the Happy Valley community. In 1911, he and his mother moved to Statesboro, where he began his life of traveling and performing. Although blind from infancy, Willie . . . — — Map (db m61012) HM
Saint Cyprian's Episcopal Church in Darien was built "for the Colored People of McIntosh County," through the efforts of the Rev. James Wentworth Leigh, D.D., F.S.A., Dean of Hereford, England. It was named for the martyred African Bishop. . . . — — Map (db m10554) HM
On June 11, 1863 the seaport of Darien was vandalized and burned by Federal forces stationed on nearby St. Simons Island. The town was largely deserted, most of its 500 residents having sought refuge inland. Lost were public buildings, churches, . . . — — Map (db m84005) HM
In 1973, Richmond D. Hill became the first African American to be elected mayor of a municipality in Georgia. Following, the passage of the Voting Rights Act in 1965, the NAACP began a campaign to educate, organize, and register rural African . . . — — Map (db m234858) HM
In one of the most violent episodes in Reconstruction Georgia, a rally in Mitchell County in September 1868 resulted in about a dozen freedmen being killed and several dozen wounded. Georgia had been re-admitted to the United States just two . . . — — Map (db m218685) HM
Jo Ann Gibson Robinson was born near Culloden. Robinson attended Hudson High School in Macon, later graduating from Fort Valley Normal and Industrial School and Atlanta University. In 1949, she became a professor at Alabama State College in . . . — — Map (db m207598) HM
Founded in 1902 by William M. Hubbard, STAC was one of the state’s official schools for the instruction of black teachers between 1931 and 1938. Originally named the Forsyth Normal and Industrial School, STAC was one of three black public colleges . . . — — Map (db m15039) HM
On the occasion of its Bicentennial, Morgan County placed this marker here to commemorate the community of
Brownwood-Centennial
Located close to one another on the Old Sandtown Road, the communities of Brownwood and Centennial may have . . . — — Map (db m20483) HM
On the occasion of its Bicentennial, Morgan County placed this marker here to commemorate the community of
Dorsey As early as 1839, historic maps identify a community called Palestine in proximity to the community that became known as Dorsey. . . . — — Map (db m21914) HM
On the occasion of its Bicentennial, Morgan County placed this marker here to commemorate the community of
Flat Rock
Identified with the Flat Rock Church and School that existed in the early 20th century, Flat Rock has African . . . — — Map (db m186542) HM
In 1865, the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands began assistance to former slaves. While efforts at educating freed slaves were strongest in Georgia's larger cities and towns, State Superintendent of Freedmen's Schools G.L. Eberhardt . . . — — Map (db m25574) HM
With freedom from slavery came freedom of assembly – particularly to worship, evidenced by the early establishment of the first independent black congregation in 1865. African-American churches, such as Calvary Baptist (1883), were the primary . . . — — Map (db m49131) HM
Georgia's General Assembly of 1865-1866 passed important property rights laws for its black population, most of whom had recently been emancipated. Blacks could legally buy, sell, inherit, and lease both land and personal property. The experience of . . . — — Map (db m20833) HM
Historic burial traditions parallel both the societal structure and economic status of the period. Old Cemetery reveals racially distinct sections reflected in the notable absence of family plots and headstones on the hill’s slope, where a memorial . . . — — Map (db m125858) HM
On the occasion of its Bicentennial, Morgan County placed this marker here to commemorate the community of
Springfield
Identified with the Springfield Baptist Church and School that existed in the late nineteenth century. Springfield . . . — — Map (db m17397) HM
On the occasion of its Bicentennial, Morgan County placed this marker here to commemorate the community of
Fairplay
One of the older communities in Morgan County, Fairplay is identified on county maps as early as 1839. Fairplay did not have a . . . — — Map (db m49808) HM
From the 1840's, this building stood among others of its type at this historic downtown intersection. Known traditionally as "Kinfolks' Corner," the area was the meeting place for generations of citizens from Columbus and neighboring Alabama . . . — — Map (db m101317) HM
Gertrude Pridgett “Ma” Rainey, 1886-1939, famed “Mother of the Blues”, lived in this house after 1935, during retirement in her native city. In 1904 she introduced “blues” as part of her traveling act. For 30 years her performances contributed to . . . — — Map (db m42592) HM
Side 1:
Alma Thomas, nationally known African-American artist, was the eldest of four daughters born to John Maurice Thomas and Amelia Whitaker Cantey. Highly cultured and socially involved, the Thomas family owned this Victorian home . . . — — Map (db m58269) HM
Colored Department of the City Hospital
The first City Hospital, c. 1841, was located on the South Commons. Called “the Pest House,” its clients were charity patients. The second City Hospital, c. 1894, was built across from . . . — — Map (db m45385) HM
A Pike County, Alabama native of African-American descent, Dr. Brewer was born November 16, 1894. His office was located at 1025 1/2 First Avenue. Brewer emerged as a chief spokesman for the Civil Rights of the Negro and was described by Roy Wilkins . . . — — Map (db m10975) HM
Eugene J. Bullard, 1895 - 1961
Bullard grew up in a small shotgun style house near this site. His father, William, was a laborer for the W. C. Bradley Company. Eugene completed the fifth grade at the 28th Street School. Shaken by the death . . . — — Map (db m45865) HM
The initial congregation of this church was formed by slaves who had attended Ephesus Baptist Church (later First Baptist), since its organization on February 14, 1829. When a new church was built in 1840 the slaves worshipped in the older building. . . . — — Map (db m44025) HM
Near here, in July 1872, the first local public school for black students was opened. The school was the result of an action by the City Council directing the Trustees of the Columbus Public Schools to set up classes for blacks. For the first of . . . — — Map (db m23120) HM
In 1900 the Mt. Canaan Baptist Church was established under the leadership of the Reverends John Bellamy and Willis Carter when a few men and women met under a fig tree on Third Avenue to worship. In 1901 Rev. Bellamy separated from Mt. Canaan to . . . — — Map (db m57846) HM
Founded in 1892 at 4th Avenue and 6th Street, the church moved to its permanent home here in January of 1897. The first minister was Rev. J. S. Kelsey, who served the church from 1897-1901. The present building was completed under his leadership. . . . — — Map (db m57857) HM
North of this marker in the Porterdale Cemetery is the grave of Bragg Smith over which the City of Columbus erected a marble memorial to commemorate an outstanding deed of heroism. The text reads:
“Erected by the City of . . . — — Map (db m57367) HM
Side 1:
In 1884, a group of black citizens banded together to organize a church. They appealed to the Commissioners of Columbus, Georgia, and obtained a lot on Eighth Street. The first church was completed in 1886 and called Everett . . . — — Map (db m57864) HM
Horace King Master Builder (1807-1887)Born a slave in Chesterfield District, S.C., Horace King came to Columbus in 1832 with his master, John Godwin, to construct the first bridge between Columbus and Girard, Alabama. After the completion . . . — — Map (db m113940) HM
Born a slave in South Carolina,
Horace King moved to this region
with his master, John Godwin, who
secured the contract for the first
bridge across the river. King
supervised the building of this span
in 1833. Freed in 1846, King . . . — — Map (db m101401) HM
Organized in 1869 by slaves, the first church building was built on land donated by Mrs. Emma Jones and Mrs. Nora Felton. The church was called the Bush Arbor Church because of the construction and materials used. Reverend Phil Owens was the first . . . — — Map (db m22970) HM
The first public library for African Americans in segregated Columbus, the Colored/Fourth Avenue Library, opened on January 5, 1953. The existence of
this facility resulted from covenants and restrictions barring the use of the city’s new public . . . — — Map (db m22410) HM
Moses Dallas was a lifelong slave whose final years were spent in an unconventional arrangement during America's most tragic period, whose strategic role in a daring raid resulted in his death. A native of Georgia, he was born in the early 1800s, . . . — — Map (db m101347) HM
Side 1:
In 1901, George Foster Peabody and his brothers made an offer to the colored men and boys of Columbus to build a YMCA on the condition they raise $1,000, purchase a building lot and get membership of 300 men. On Sunday, . . . — — Map (db m57806) HM
The modern Civil Rights Movement in Georgia began on July 4, 1944, when Primus E. King, an African-American barber and minister, attempted to vote at the Muscogee County Courthouse in the Democratic Party’s primary election, which barred blacks from . . . — — Map (db m101279) HM
In the fall of 1914 Radcliff School was organized in Allen Temple A.M.E. Church. At that time it was known as Wynnton Hill School. J. L. Bond was principal and the first head teacher was Mrs. S. A. Cody. When the building burned, the school was . . . — — Map (db m22409) HM
This one-story Victorian Gothic structure dates back to 1870. The cornerstone of the church indicates that the building was constructed in 1870 with the basement added in 1890. This suggests that the original wooden church was raised, a basement . . . — — Map (db m45599) HM
St. James African Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1863. The present church is built on land granted by act of the Georgia Legislature in 1873. It was erected in 1876 under the pastorate of Rev. Wesley J. Gaines, at a cost of $20,000. . . . — — Map (db m45680) HM
William Henry Spencer, Negro Educator, lived in this Neo-classical home from 1912-1925, during the time he was Supervisor of the Colored Schools in Muscogee County.
This house is dedicated to his memory by his daughters, and was placed on the . . . — — Map (db m44024) HM
On this site, on November 29, 1930, the first local high school for colored students opened. The school was the result of a grant from the Rosenwald Foundation and was named in honor of William Henry Spencer, Supervisor of the Colored Schools in . . . — — Map (db m58783) HM
Winona Cargile Alexander, a Founder of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, was born in Columbus, GA on June 21, 1893, in the parsonage of St. John A.M.E. Church. She was the second daughter of Lady Fannie Cargile and Rev. Charles Cargile, the pastor of St. . . . — — Map (db m173439) HM
200 feet east is the grave of Thomas Wiggins, (1843-1908). As “Blind Tom” he thrilled audiences here and in Europe with his remarkable musical performances. Born a slave, his native genius let him reproduce perfectly on the piano any . . . — — Map (db m22770) HM
In 1889 Washington Street School was established under the Covington City School system. The old building burned in 1939. Students and faculty met for two years in Black Churches.
1941 -- A new brick school house was completed. The name and . . . — — Map (db m49807) HM
Kitty’s cottage was built in 1842 by Bishop James O. Andrew for an inherited slave who could not be freed and still live in Georgia; Kitty preferred to remain with the Andrew family rather than be sent to Africa. In 1938 Kitty’s cottage was bought . . . — — Map (db m48584) HM
Built in 1841 as a Methodist meeting house, Old Church was designed in the Greek Revival style with 14 rows of stark wooden pews and two separate front doors for men and women. During the Civil War, Old Church and several buildings on the Emory . . . — — Map (db m113296) HM
Emory College was chartered December 19, 1836 when Georgia Methodists expanded their educational program. Named in honor of Methodist Bishop John
Emory (1789-1835) who helped organize several northern colleges and presided over the Georgia . . . — — Map (db m11217) HM
E.D. Stroud School was established in 1956 as part of a statewide “equalization” effort for Georgia’s African-American public schools. As part of Georgia’s massive resistance to federally mandated school integration, politicians and . . . — — Map (db m108666) HM
In 1912 Julius Rosenwald, President of Sears, Roebuck and Company, established the Rosenwald Fund to assist in community school construction of public schools for
African-American students in the South. The Julius Rosenwald Fund assisted local . . . — — Map (db m13466) HM
This garden is dedicated to Fort Valley State University's more than 100 sister historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), which since 1837 have planted seeds of knowledge in talented students which have taken root and blossomed into an . . . — — Map (db m227397) HM
The three pillars of the Hunt-Bond-Troup Memorial pay tribute to three men whose continuity of vision and leadership forged the foundation of Fort Valley State University: Henry Hunt, Fort Valley High and Industrial School (FVHIS) principal from . . . — — Map (db m191000) HM
This parish had its origins in the Episcopal Church’s support of Fort Valley High and Industrial School in 1913, which it operated from 1919 until 1939 in partnership with the American Church Institute for Negroes in New York, the Diocese of . . . — — Map (db m52885) HM
Harris, author of the Uncle Remus stories, his mother and grand-mother moved in 1853 to a small two room house here in the back yard of the Andrew Reid Mansion from Barnes Tavern. The women did sewing for the large Reid family. Joel's mother, a . . . — — Map (db m186598) HM
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