In the early 1900s, extension of the street-car tracks out Mileage Ave., Lumpkin St., Prince Ave., and Boulevard produced residential growth that was planned to follow the streetcar line.
Commercial hubs outside of downtown, such as Five Points . . . — — Map (db m207626) HM
The News Building • One Press Place • Athens, Georgia
The newspaper history of Athens has been colorful and varied. The first newspaper printed in Athens was the Athens Express (Later the Athens Gazette), started in 1808 by Alexander McConnell . . . — — Map (db m207208) HM
On March 10, 1834, a group of Athens men met in this house, then the home of Mr. James Camak, to accept the charter of the Georgia Railroad Company and to organize the corporation. At this meeting Mr. Camak was elected its president, and he soon . . . — — Map (db m9128) HM
To avoid high tariffs on cotton sent north for processing, local investors opened their own textile mills. By 1840, Clarke County was the third largest textile producing area in the country.
There were three large textile mills on the . . . — — Map (db m206384) HM
Many kinds of people were important threads in the weave of Athens' historical industrial fabric.
The first mill workers were white men and women, and seasonally leased African-American male slaves. During the Civil War, skilled slaves, . . . — — Map (db m206385) HM
• 1862 Cook & Brother purchases property at the junction of Trail Creek and the North Oconee River, builds the Armory and produces Enfield-model rifles for the Confederate Army.
• 1865 Cook & Brother Armory closes at the end of the Civil . . . — — Map (db m60603) HM
To this building in 1862 was brought the machinery of the armory established in New Orleans at the outbreak of the War by Ferdinand W.C. and Francis L. Cook, recent English immigrants, the former a skilled engineer for the manufacture of Enfield . . . — — Map (db m11288) HM
Dudley Park was named to honor Mr. A.J. Dudley, who worked in the Climax Hosiery Mill as a sweeper (like the boy in the picture below). Later, Mr. Dudley became the mill owner.
Mr. Dudley was a self-made man who prospered as the mill owner, . . . — — Map (db m207634) HM
This plaza is dedicated to the memory of Gary A. Cleveland, Production Director for the Athens Banner-Herald from 1980-2009. He started his career with the newspaper in 1969. Cleveland led the newspaper's transition from cold-type production to . . . — — Map (db m207207) HM
Many different products were manufactured in the Athens mills, but the mills all worked in a similar way. Production started with the force of water spinning the waterwheel.
The system of gears, shafts, pulleys, and belts, called the power . . . — — Map (db m195761) HM
Coming to the sawmill with felled trees, the settlers would leave with sawn timber to build their houses, barns and furniture.
Water powered the saw cutting blades for the frontier millers. At the early sawmills, the saw blades were rectangular . . . — — Map (db m195762) HM
Water provided the power to saw, bore, mill, forge, cast and polish high quality rifles, carbines and bayonets at the Cook & Brother Armory during the Civil War.
Gun parts needed to be interchangeable so that a broken gun could be repaired on . . . — — Map (db m195770) HM
Making textiles from raw cotton required several steps. Each step was done in its own location in the mill, using different machinery and workers.
(captions)
1849 Botanical print of a cotton plant
Lapping Cotton came lo the . . . — — Map (db m196469) HM
Weaving fabric required very skilled workers. Award-winning fabrics required good designers as well as attentive machine operators.
People became identified by the job they did in the mill. What position a person had depended upon ability, . . . — — Map (db m196470) HM
Athens' first settlers used the huge forests and fertile soil of the area to build their homes and provide food and clothing material.
The first industry along the North Oconee River in Athens was a sawmill and gristmill run by Daniel . . . — — Map (db m206374) HM
The Cook brothers came to Athens to manufacture guns for the Confederate Army. Weapons produced in the water-powered Armory were heralded as some of the finest in the South.
Francis and Ferdinand Cook bought William Carr's grist and sawmill . . . — — Map (db m206375) HM
The Athens Manufacturing Co. made thread by twisting cotton fibers together. Cord, rope, and other products were manufactured at this mill using the same technology.
To maintain shape and strength in an automobile tire, a web of belting is . . . — — Map (db m206377) HM
During 145 years of operation the riverside textile mills produced a diversity of fabrics. Materials ranged from sturdy wool and cotton cloth for Confederate uniforms to lightweight gauze for modern bandages.
The Athens Manufacturing . . . — — Map (db m206378) HM
In the early 1920s, with increasingly common use of the auto, the streetcar business declined and was discontinued in 1930.
After World War II, the city and county were on a course of rapid expansion that would see the population of the city . . . — — Map (db m207631) HM
Run -off water from the upper piedmont forms the Oconee (a Native American word meaning "river").
Below the Appalachian Mountains of North Georgia, the Oconee River headwaters begin in the rolling hill country of Hall and Gwinnett Counties . . . — — Map (db m207633) HM
In the years between the Civil War and 1920, cotton was the principal crop in the countryside surrounding Athens. Virtually every available acre was dedicated to its' production.
In 1910, the Athens Banner newspaper declared that Athens . . . — — Map (db m207619) HM
In the early 1900s, cotton was still Athens' main economic engine, but other businesses and industries began to make a major impact.
Everything from baseball to soft drinks to airplanes were produced locally. Businesses included Bludwine, . . . — — Map (db m207621) HM
Mills were located at shoals in the river where water dropped quickly, providing power for manufacturing. Clarke County had 19 mills, and many were located on the Athens riverfront.
A dam constructed in the 1830s on the rocky shoals downstream. . . . — — Map (db m207644) HM
The Ware Family
In 1829, at the age of 22, Dr. Edward R. Ware and his wife, Elizabeth, moved to the rapidly-growing frontier town of Athens, Georgia. Ware soon built a successful medical practice.
Ware was active in commerce and business. . . . — — Map (db m199959) HM
Rushing water puts over a large waterwheel. The waterwheel is connected to gears that connect to two large, round, flat, and textured stones. s the waterwheel turns, its gears turn the top millstone while the bottom stone stays still. Corn or wheat . . . — — Map (db m206370) HM
The force of gravity pulls us towards the ground. This force also pulls water downhill, and provides power to do work.
Available, easy to direct, and surprisngy heay (A pint’s a pound the world 'round"), water is a good tool. When it falls it . . . — — Map (db m195758) HM
Up until 1918 the textile mills along the river were powered directly by water using turbine waterwheels. The earlier saw and grist mills used other kinds of waterwheels.
In the early mills the breast wheel or overshot wheel provided power . . . — — Map (db m195759) HM
When using a creek or river to power a mill, water is channeled along a man-made headrace to direct it to the waterwheel. After spinning the wheel, the water is returned to the river through the tailrace.
This is the site of the . . . — — Map (db m195760) HM
Charles Holmes Herty, one of America’s outstanding chemists, was born on this site December 4, 1867. He spent his early life in Milledgeville where he attended the Middle Georgia Agricultural and Military College (now Georgia College). Later he . . . — — Map (db m36294) HM
This Milledgeville Federal-style house was built c. 1825 on North Wilkinson Street for George T. Brown by English-born builder-architect John Marlor. It was operated as the U.S. Hotel and then the Beecher-Brown Hotel to serve visitors and . . . — — Map (db m13141) HM
Dr. Charles Holmes Herty
Statesman - chemist
Born on this spot
Dec. 4, 1867
By his leadership
He had made America
Chemically self sufficient
He has unselfishly
Given his time and
Talent to develop
Georgia's natural . . . — — Map (db m91823) HM
Three hundred yards east of this point stood Ft. Wilkinson, established in 1797 on Georgia's Indian boundary. Garrisoned by soldiers whose families lived outside the stockade, it was an early trading house where Creek Indians were provided . . . — — Map (db m13140) HM
In 1780 a group of people, Garrisons and Wilmonts, met on the top of the hill behind the church, built a platform between two trees, and held a religious meeting. This small gathering, and the statement that it was pleasant to worship on the . . . — — Map (db m16995) HM
Hal Jackson was a native of Winder, Georgia born on October 1, 1910 to J. Roy and Emma Jackson. Other than the time he served in the Army Air Force during World War II, Winder was his home. He married Katherine Adair on December 25, 1943, and they . . . — — Map (db m187287) HM
For years inestimable the CREEK INDIAN VILLAGE of SNODON stood here. In 1793 ALONZO DRAPER, HOMER JACKSON and HERMAN SCUPEEN and their families became the first white people to establish homes in SNODON. This same year SNODON became JUG TAVERN. In . . . — — Map (db m17349) HM
Five miles NE on State Highway 140 - a notable plantation and manufacturing center of the 1860's. The Federal 23rd Corps, left wing of Sherman's forces [US] marching southward from Resaca, having crossed at Field's Mill, Coosawattee River, enroute . . . — — Map (db m13231) HM
Asa G. Candler, founder of the Coca-Cola Company, moved from Carroll County, Georgia to Cartersville and served as an apprentice to learn the apothecary profession. He studied under Dr. John Best and Dr. William Kirkpatrick between 1870 and 1873 on . . . — — Map (db m190704) HM
Four miles east, in the gorge of the Etowah River, are the picturesque ruins of the once flourishing town of Etowah, developed by Mark Cooper around his iron furnace and rolling mill. The furnace was built in 1844, following one built in 1837 on . . . — — Map (db m56315) HM
The Confederacy sought iron and munitions eagerly, which quickly brought prosperity to Etowah. Patriotic key workers, though exempt from army duty, enlisted, and loss of their skill hampered production.
Mark Cooper sold the works in 1862. In the . . . — — Map (db m56318) HM
Planter, land speculator, entrepreneur. Born South Carolina, November 24, 1780; died Milledgeville, Georgia, July 2, 1861.
Never lived in Cartersville, Georgia, but it is named in his honor. He has been cited as the richest landowner and . . . — — Map (db m190661) HM
The nearby marble shaft has the unique distinction of having been erected by a debtor in honor of his creditors. Losses during the panic of 1857 forced Mark A. Cooper, proprietor of the Etowah Iron Works, to offer this property for sale to satisfy a . . . — — Map (db m11627) HM
Lawyer, politician, businessman. Born Hancock County, Georgia, April 20, 1800. Died Bartow County, Georgia, March 17, 1885. Buried in Oak Hill Cemetery.
Major in U.S. Army during Seminole Wars in 1836. State legislator from Putnam County, . . . — — Map (db m190662) HM
These ruins of an old iron furnace built by Moses Stroup are all that remain of Cooper's Iron Works, developed by Mark Anthony Cooper, pioneer industrialist, politician, and farmer. Cooper was born in 1800 near Powelton, Ga. Graduating from S.C. . . . — — Map (db m56319) HM
Side 1 This monument is erected by Mark A. Cooper, Proprietor at Etowah, as a Grateful tribute to the Friendship and Liberality of those whose names are hereon inscribed, which prompted them to aid him in the prosecution and development of the . . . — — Map (db m11630) HM
The Rotary Club of Fitzgerald was chartered on December 21, 1936, through the sponsorship of the Columbus Rotary Club. The organizational meeting was held December 1, 1936 in the office of J. C. McDonald. There were twenty-six charter members. S. . . . — — Map (db m191137) HM
Original bank building est. 1905 Occupied by bank until 1917 When the new office was built later known as Alapaha Post Office Building Renovated and dedicated by Bank of Alapaha – 2016 — — Map (db m191175) HM
Built in 1859 for Dr. George Emerson, the building is a prominent example of Italianate architecture. The 23 foot wide Brownstone was designed by New York architects, T. Thomas & Sons, who are also renowned for the Hay House. Listed on the National . . . — — Map (db m186752) HM
This mural is dedicated to Mama Louise Hudson, Inez Hill, Jerry Davis and the entire H&H family. Mama Louise is and always will be the mama of Southern Rock. She nurtured countless bellies and souls inside these walls and will forever be . . . — — Map (db m236905) HM
Trading with the British 1690-1715
The Creek Trading Paths, the Trading Post Site, and Civil War (1864)
Hundreds of axes, beads, clay pipes, knives, swords,
bullets, flints, pistols, muskets, and burial pits were
found in this area, . . . — — Map (db m244440) HM
In grateful memory of William Arthur Fickling, Sr. (1903 - 1990), a long time resident of Macon and Bibb County and leader in numerous civic, governmental, religious and charitable organizations and activities.
Mr. Fickling’s broad ranging . . . — — Map (db m49768) HM
Beloved lifelong citizen of Cochran and Bleckley County, he was a banker, farmer, mayor, Rotarian, Mason, Shriner and a never failing friend to all. His example to do all men good helped shape the lives and destiny of this county. His Christian . . . — — Map (db m57925) HM
This county created by Act of the Legislature Dec. 11, 1858, is named for Preston Smith Brooks, zealous defender of States Rights. Born in S.C. Aug. 6, 1819, Brooks served in the Mexican War & in Congress. He died June 27, 1857. The first County . . . — — Map (db m26977) HM
Henry Ford implemented the construction of the Bakery building in 1941 to provide fresh baked goods for the employees of his Richmond Hill Plantation. The Bakery was operated in tandem with the adjacent Commissary and Post Office buildings, thus . . . — — Map (db m148754) HM
The Commissary building and complex was built by Henry Ford in 1941 to serve the local community and the employees of Ford's Richmond Hill Plantation. It sold groceries, dry goods and general merchandise at reasonable prices and specialized in fresh . . . — — Map (db m148753) HM
In 1925, Henry Ford of Detroit, Mich., a leading American automobile pioneer who perfected the assembly line concept of auto manufacturing, began acquiring large tracts of land on both sides of the nearby Ogeechee River. He sponsored extensive . . . — — Map (db m54170) HM
For nearly 20 years, J. F. (Jack) Gregory was the general manager and superintendent for all of Henry Ford’s various operations in and around Ways Station, later Richmond Hill. Serving for Ford from the 1920s until 1946, Gregory oversaw the . . . — — Map (db m59669) HM
Superintendent of the Henry Ford Plantation at Richmond Hill, Georgia 1929 until the death of Henry Ford in 1947, under his supervision, the dreams Henry Ford envisioned for this community were accomplished.
This plaque is placed here in . . . — — Map (db m112148) HM
In 1870 a group of Croatan Indians migrated from their homes in Robeson County North Carolina, following the turpentine industry to southeast Georgia. Eventually many of the Croatans became tenant farmers for the Adabelle Trading Company, growing . . . — — Map (db m14156) HM
The U.S. Supreme Court’s 1941 decision United States vs Darby Lumber Co. is a landmark ruling in American legal history. The case affirmed the federal government’s ability to regulate employment conditions, including a minimum wage, under the . . . — — Map (db m107876) HM
In 1893, this site was the location of D.R. Groover, Attorney-at-Law, and C.A. Sorrier Insurance Agency. In 1894, Greene S. Johnston, joined the location with his law practice. In 1908, this was the site of Johnston and Cone Law Office. In 1910, the . . . — — Map (db m197856) HM
Akins’ Mill Pond
About 1883, using a narrow gauge railroad with mule drawn hopper cars, Green Barnes built a dam on the headwaters of Mill Creek, creating a 300-acre pond, which soon came into the possession of Barnes’ son-in-law, Welcome . . . — — Map (db m110737) HM
Blue Front was the social and business hub for the African American community of Statesboro in the 1930's and 1940's. It was located on the north side of W. Vine Street between S. Walnut Street and the alley just east of this site. By the close of . . . — — Map (db m197878) HM
In 1893, S.T. Chance established Chance Grocery on this site as one of the earliest, if not first, brick buildings in Statesboro. In 1905, W.G. Raines built a two-story building and opened a hardware store. The building continued to serve as a . . . — — Map (db m197852) HM
In 1893, C.A. Lanier and J.A. Fulcher first built a general merchandise store here, which in 1904 also became the location of Rabun's Barbershop. Beginning in 1905, the site became the location of a series of banks including Sea Island (1905-1913), . . . — — Map (db m197872) HM
In 1951, Harry Smith renovated his family's home, making a stylistic change from Victorian to Neoclassical. Built around the turn of the 20th century, the house originally featured gingerbread detailing. The building currently houses the Statesboro . . . — — Map (db m197920) HM
In 1895, S. Waxelbaum & Son sold their business and this corner lot to Raif Simmons. In 1900, Mr. Simmons, contracted with A.J. Franklin to build this three-story business building. Mr. Simmons, and then his daughter, Lula Simmons Grimes, ran . . . — — Map (db m197876) HM
Gustave Jaeckel opened this hotel in 1905. William Jennings Bryan and Cornelius Vanderbilt were guests here. Blind Willie McTell performed here. The first floor had separate gentlemen's and ladies' parlors. Also on the first floor were the dining . . . — — Map (db m197868) HM
Dr. Charles Holmes Herty of the University of Georgia Chemistry Department conducted experiments in this forest that revolutionized the naval stores industry in America. Inspired by conservative gum resin gathering methods in Europe, Dr. Herty . . . — — Map (db m218627) HM
Since, 1910 the Preetorius Building has been a focal point of East Main Street. Originally housing a private banking business, the structure gained attention for its earthquake bolts. The building had offices, the New Statesboro Restaurant and a . . . — — Map (db m197863) HM
Rigdon’s Mill
On Mill Creek just north of this marker stood one of the oldest and long lasting water mills in Bulloch County. It was built about 1840 by Daniel Rigdon and his Irish son-in-law, William Gould, using picks, shovels, and . . . — — Map (db m109042) HM
In 1901, the second bank to open in Statesboro – Sea Island Bank – took its name from the area's staple crop, Sea Island cotton, and moved to its present location in 1912. Like every bank in town, it closed during the Great Depression, but reopened . . . — — Map (db m197871) HM
The first undertaking business in Statesboro, the Buggy and Wagon Company also employed the city's first licensed embalmer. The building, constructed in 1902, was distinctive in the placement of curved windows on the second floor. It was used as a . . . — — Map (db m197843) HM
In 1908, the 40-bed Statesboro Sanatorium became the community's first hospital. After the opening of a publicly-owned hospital in 1936, the privately-owned hospital was closed and the building converted to a hotel.
Supported by the Jack N. . . . — — Map (db m197844) HM
Statesboro, the only town bearing this name in the country, was created on December 19, 1803, as the seat of a young Bulloch County. Charging just $1.00, Augusta land speculator George Siebald sold 200 acres for the establishment of the town (then . . . — — Map (db m197848) HM
This site was long occupied by B.B. Morris and Company operated by father (A.F. Morris) and son (B.B. Morris-Bonnie Bernard Morris). A.F. had been a meat cutter in business since 1897, and together the two men were recognized as “barbecue . . . — — Map (db m197887) HM
Built in the Beaux Arts style, this building was constructed in 1911. The bank closed due to the Great Depression in 1932. For the next six decades the building served various commercial purposes before being purchased by the City of Statesboro for . . . — — Map (db m197851) HM
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