Here Sheridan, moving from camp, came into the Telegraph Road on his raid to Richmond, May 9, 1864, while Lee and Grant were fighting at Spotsylvania. The 10,000 Union Cavalry filled the road for several miles. Turning from the road ten miles . . . — — Map (db m9639) HM
Union soldiers on the front line probably utilized these rifle pits on May 3-5. Trenches on the other side of the creek possibly served Confederate skirmishers. While the fighting raged near Salem Church, Union Maj. Gen. John F. Reynolds believed . . . — — Map (db m203830) HM
After the Union Army's disastrous events of May 3, 1863, the 124th New York Regiment of Franklin's Brigade, Whipple's Division of Sickles III Corps fell back to this area where the Mineral Springs Road crossed La Roque's Run (to the rear and right). . . . — — Map (db m108310) HM
This landscape, now changed by commercial and residential development, once swarmed with Union soldiers. Forty thousand Northern troops, led by General William B. Franklin, having crossed the Rappahannock River, massed here on the plain south of . . . — — Map (db m3825) HM
This ridge top now brimming with traffic and commerce once witnessed the clash of armies. On May 3, 1863, 10,000 Confederate troops took position astride the Orange Plank Road (modern Va. Route 3). That afternoon, 20,000 Union soldiers under . . . — — Map (db m3509) HM
Their names are unrecorded, their labors are rarely noted. No images of them survive. But slaves outnumbered Chancellor family members when Frances Chancellor moved into this house in 1861. Likely only a few of the 20 slaves owned by the . . . — — Map (db m5618) HM
While General Robert E. Lee engaged the Union army at Chancellorsville, Confederate Maj. Gen. Jubal A. Early confronted a smaller Union force led by Maj. Gen. John Sedgwick at Fredericksburg. On 3 May 1863, Sedgwick overran Early’s lines at Marye’s . . . — — Map (db m137175) HM
The intersection in front of you was the focal point of the Chancellorsville Battlefield. From here roads radiated in five directions. Four of them are visible; the fifth, River Road, lies just beyond the trees to your left. From this . . . — — Map (db m3800) HM
Before the creation of cemetery corporations, the remains of Spotsylvania's early citizens were buried according to location and/or their wishes. If the Church permitted, they could be buried in the church graveyard or if the male head of the family . . . — — Map (db m230685) HM
You are standing where the Battle of Chancellorsville began. On May 1, 1863, Union Gen. Joseph Hooker ordered three columns to advance eastward on three roads: the River Road a mile to your left, the Plank Road a mile to your right, and the Orange . . . — — Map (db m3633) HM
Young, handsome, and modest, Major John Pelham was one of the most popular men in the Confederate army. He was also one of its premier artillerists. Time and again the twenty-four-year-old officer had engaged the enemy at close quarters, earning the . . . — — Map (db m19314) HM
The Confederate Army of Northern Virginia had no braver officer than Major John Pelham. Although just 24 years old, the blonde-haired, blue-eyed Alabamian had already proven himself on more than half a dozen battlefields in Maryland and Virginia. . . . — — Map (db m214841) HM
Here Major John Pelham, commanding Stuart’s Horse Artillery, executed a stunning flank attack on advancing Union troops during the Battle of Fredericksburg on 13 December 1862. Reduced to one cannon, the 24-year-old Pelham halted the Federals for . . . — — Map (db m1656) HM
Usually thought of as a Union monument, the large pyramid in front of you was in fact erected by the Confederate Memorial Literary Society. In 1897, the society contacted Virginia railroad executives asking them to erect markers at historically . . . — — Map (db m214840) HM
Comprised of 47 locks, 20 dams, and 15 miles of canals, the Rappahannock Navigation System struggled from its beginnings. After suffering numerous construction delays due to financial problems, the heyday of canal commerce on the Rappahannock was . . . — — Map (db m16541) HM
As hard as it is to believe, the beautiful and historic landscape you see before you was once on the verge of being bulldozed for an industrial park. It was here, on December 13, 1862, that Union forces nearly broke through Confederate lines and . . . — — Map (db m203640) HM
The armies fought the Battle of Chancellorsville in the heart of a 70-square-mile region of tangled undergrowth known locally as the Wilderness. This inhospitable terrain added a new dimension of horror to the fighting on May 3. Fires erupted from . . . — — Map (db m5458) HM
The months following the Battle of Fredericksburg brought a temporary halt to the fighting in Virginia, but not to the digging. Throughout the winter of 1862-1863 Confederate troops constructed nearly thirty miles of earthworks along the south bank . . . — — Map (db m19315) HM
“Until near noon on May 3rd, the fighting was severe, when the ammunition of the infantry having been exhausted and repeated calls for more being unanswered, the line was forced to retire to the breast-works. The dead and most . . . — — Map (db m79640) HM
At 1:30 p.m., little more than an hour after Union troops began their assaults on Marye’s Heights, Gen. George G. Meade’s division penetrated “Stonewall” Jackson’s line here at Prospect Hill. Meade’s 3,800 Pennsylvanians advanced toward a tongue . . . — — Map (db m4094) HM
On the morning of May 3, Col. Emlen Franklin's Union brigade shifted from south of the Orange Turnpike to this vicinity. Here, they met Pender and Thomas head on. Lt. Col. Jonathan H. Lockwood of the 7th Virginia (Union) remembered what happened . . . — — Map (db m12847) HM
Men of Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock's division manned the earthworks which are located just inside this woodline. Hancock's troops confronted two Confederate divisions advancing from the south (from your right front) and east as well as the . . . — — Map (db m3867) HM
On April 30, 1863, Gen. George G. Meade's Union Fifth Corps advanced along this road toward Chancellorsville. As Meade's troops approached, Confederates on the Bullock Farm briefly resisted them, then disappeared into the woods to spread word of . . . — — Map (db m3690) HM
The old colonial Mineral Springs Road crossed here running about one mile northeast to Tubal (Spotswood's Furnace) and Scott's Dam Ford on the Rappahannock. The road straddled the ridge between La Roque's Run and Mineral Springs Creek. On May 3 thru . . . — — Map (db m126609) HM
Just 1.7 miles west, on this road (then the Orange Plank Road), Lt. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson was wounded by "friendly fire" about 9:30 P.M. on 2 May 1863 during the Battle of Chancellorsville. Having brilliantly executed a flanking . . . — — Map (db m3513) HM
In 1796, the property that Loriella now comprises was cut from a tract of 724 acres that had once belonged to Fontaine Maury, father of oceanographer, Matthew Fontaine Maury. A succession of owners followed: the most Will Gordon and prominent being . . . — — Map (db m231028) HM
According to the Gordon family, who donated the land for Loriella Park, this area contained a cemetery for enslaved African-Americans. Census records from 1850 reveal that during the ownership of the property by Burton Leavell, he had owned 12 . . . — — Map (db m230871) HM
On the morning of May 6, 1864, Confederate troops of General A.P. Hill's corps flew out of the woods to your left into the Tapp field, some of them in abject panic. They fled the thunderous advance of more than 20,000 Union troops. Wrote one man: . . . — — Map (db m112425) HM
Longstreet’s troops began erecting these infantry entrenchments after fighting on the evening of May 6 and improved them the following day. This was a reserve line, the main Confederate position being a few hundred yards in font of you along modern . . . — — Map (db m6089) HM
A celebrated battlefield episode of the Civil War happened here at the Widow Tapp Field on the morning of May 6, 1864. The Army of Northern Virginia and its commander, R.E. Lee, faced disaster on the Orange Plank Road as a powerful Union attack . . . — — Map (db m112324) HM
A mile south is the unmarked grave of Gaspar Tochman (1797-1880), a major in the Polish army who participated in the failed 1830 revolt against Russia. Exiled, in 1837 he immigrated to the United States, where he practiced law, wrote, and lectured. . . . — — Map (db m5456) HM
As Union battle lines surged into the forest across the Orange Plank Road on your right, and poised in the trees at the far end of the Tapp Field, grayclad figures loped into view from behind you. The leading Confederate units peeled right into the . . . — — Map (db m155890) HM
Here, for a few moments on the bright spring morning of May 6, 1864, Robert E. Lee faced disaster for his army. The woods to your right and the fields in front of you swarmed with Union troops. The artillery behind you stood as the only organized . . . — — Map (db m155891) HM
On May 6, 1864, General Robert E. Lee faced one of the greatest crises of his career. A dawn assault by the Union army had routed A.P. Hill's corps and threatened the destruction of the entire Confederate army. Just when all seemed lost, a body of . . . — — Map (db m112424) HM
Many accounts relate the story of General Lee’s personal attempt to lead the charge of the Texas Brigade. No two versions entirely agree and we may never know which details belong to history and which belong to mythology. Colonel Charles S. . . . — — Map (db m6093) HM
Remembers the valor and devotion of her sons who served at the Wilderness May 6, 1864 From near this spot the Texas Brigade pleaded with General Lee not to expose himself to Federal fire and then after seeing him to safety, launched a vigorous . . . — — Map (db m155889) HM
Brigadier General John Gregg formed his four Confederate regiments near the far edge of the Tapp Field behind you and advanced them about 400 yards toward the Union battle line, which stood near here. The Southerners moved diagonally across the . . . — — Map (db m6088) HM
May 6, 1864, Hancock's Federal soldiers opened the second day of battle about 5 a.m. Hill's Confederates were driven westward to this vicinity, the small clearing of the Widow Tapp Farm where Lee had his headquarters. As Col. William T. Poague's . . . — — Map (db m7490) HM
While the May 12 combat at the Bloody Angle marked the height of the Spotsylvania fighting, it was not the end of it. For nine more days, the Army of the Potomac hovered around the village, looking for opportunities to strike. Finding Lee heavily . . . — — Map (db m66237) HM
Artist Alfred R. Waud sketched these Union soldiers under fire here on May 12, 1864. Lee’s counterattacks had driven the Union troops out of the Muleshoe, and here they are shown under cover on the outside of the Confederate trenches. Waud’s . . . — — Map (db m66225) HM
(West Side): Dedicated to the memory of the gallant 126th Reg't O.V.I. commanded by Colonel Benjamin F. Smith and Lieut. Colonel Aaron W. Ebright 2nd Brigade 3rd Division 6th Army Corps. Army of the Potomac (North Side):Ohio's . . . — — Map (db m10314) HM
"We can not dedicate we can not consecrate we can not hallow this ground the brave men living and dead who struggled here have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract." The State of New Jersey merely marks the surrounding twenty . . . — — Map (db m4970) HM
(front): 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 11th Corps "The Hardtack Regiment" Anchor of the Buschbeck Line Near Dowdall's Tavern Battle of Chancellorsville May 2, 1863 (back): 590 present for duty 240 killed, wounded, and captured Dedicated . . . — — Map (db m244406) HM
(Front): 1861-1865 15th Reg't N.J. Vol's. Erected by the State of New Jersey to mark the portion of the Confederate line held by the 14th Georgia Regiment. and assaulted May 12, 1864, by the 15th Regiment New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, . . . — — Map (db m181511) HM
The first combat in the Civil War between United
States Colored Troops and Confederates north of
the James River occurred near here. On 15 May
1864, Confederate Brig. Gen. Thomas Rosser pushed
forward a cavalry detachment along Catharpin
Road . . . — — Map (db m75706) HM
(Front): 49th N.Y. Inf'y 3rd Brig. 2d Div. 6th Corps. Held this position May 12, 1864. (Left):The muffled drums sad roll has beat. The soldiers last tattoo. No more on life's parade shall meet that brave and fallen few. On fame's . . . — — Map (db m10312) HM
Here, on the evening of May 1, 1863, Generals Robert E. Lee and "Stonewall" Jackson hatched one of the boldest schemes in military history. Hunched over maps beside a small fire, the two generals plotted how to destroy the Union army, now entrenched . . . — — Map (db m3579) HM
"The county jail is now nearly completed, and ready for the reception of ...boarders...Persons taking quarters will be able to resist all attacks of burglars, and as far as burglars are concerned, may enjoy their slumbers in the . . . — — Map (db m148417) HM
In 1924, tragedy stuck the Powell family. Peter Powell's brother, Dr. Robert Powell was shot to death by his neighbor, Charles Kendall, who was arrested and charged with with first degree murder. During the trial, it was revealed that Kendall's . . . — — Map (db m148379) HM
A Different Kind of War With the 1864 Overland Campaign, the war in Virginia changed. The old pattern of fight, retreat, and rest yielded to Ulysses S. Grant's relentless maneuvering and fighting. Attacked in superior force by an incessant foe, . . . — — Map (db m10716) HM
When "Stonewall" Jackson reached this point at about 9 p.m. on May 2, 1863, he stood at the peak of his military career. Four hundred yards in front of you, a shaken Union army hastily built earthworks to halt the Confederate tide. One hundred . . . — — Map (db m155613) HM
After Lt. General Thomas Johnson "Stonewall" Jackson was wounded at Chancellorsville on May 2nd, 1863, he was taken to an Army hospital near Wilderness Church where his left arm was amputated. Fearing his capture, Lee ordered his move south to . . . — — Map (db m148413) HM
The site chosen for the Confederate Cemetery was outside of the earthworks erected by the Confederates as part of their defensive line protecting the crossroads and Courthouse at Spotsylvania. The burial ground contains the remains of approximately . . . — — Map (db m183682) HM
As the first rays of daylight filtered through the rain-drenched woods here on May 12, the men of General George H. Steuart’s brigade heard a commotion up the line, to their left. Moments later, through the shifting mists, they saw a human tidal . . . — — Map (db m23846) HM
Shortly after 2 A.M. on May 3, 1863, in a hospital tent on the knoll in front of you, 27-year-old surgeon Hunter Holmes McGuire and his team prepared their patient for emergency surgery. The patient's aide, James P. Smith, held a lantern. Assisting . . . — — Map (db m196506) HM
The morning of May 3d found the Confederate army heavily outnumbered and dangerously divided. "Stonewall" Jackson's flank attack the evening before had staggered the Union army but had not irretrievably damaged it. As the day broke, Jackson's . . . — — Map (db m112313) HM
In 1905, the Ladies Memorial Association reorganized again with a new goal to erect a monument to the fallen soldiers of the Confederacy. This aspiration and determination took thirteen years to achieve. By the 1930’s nearly all the counties with . . . — — Map (db m183688) HM
On April 14, 1839, John Pulliam, local farmer, wrote in his diary......"Agnes and myself went up to Lewis Rawlings to meeting, heard an excellent sermon by Reverend J. Cook, dined at Lewis Rawlings, came home."
In 1836, Samuel . . . — — Map (db m148374) HM
On July 20, 1841, John Pulliam, a Vestryman wrote in his diary...... "A warm day, this being the day set aside for the consecration of the church at Spotsylvania Courthouse, about nine o'clock. I started to church in the company of John . . . — — Map (db m148420) HM
From the time of its earliest settlement, this region was known as "The Wilderness of Spotsylvania" because of its dense thickets and poor soil. Locals called the countryside just west of the Wilderness "The Poison Fields." High concentrations of . . . — — Map (db m3603) HM
In 1838, tragedy struck. The frame Courthouse on the Po River mysteriously burned. Lewis Rawlings and his wife Hannah offered the Justices of Spotsylvania County 10 acres for a new Courthouse. They quickly accepted. Lewis Rawlings was born in . . . — — Map (db m148389) HM
In 1864, the war returned to the village of Spotsylvania Court House. Sanford's Inn, because of its position at the crossroads, offered a point of observation for General Robert E. Lee, who surveyed the Federal lines from the upper windows facing . . . — — Map (db m148391) HM
At Hazel Grove, Lee's artillerists enjoyed perhaps their greatest success of the war. No sooner had the Union army evacuated the ridge than Southern cannon appeared - first four pieces, then eight, twelve, sixteen. Within an hour more than thirty . . . — — Map (db m3618) HM
About a mile in the distance, beyond the vista cut through the trees, you can see modern buildings on high ground which at the time of the battle of Chancellorsville was called Hazel Grove. When "Stonewall" Jackson began his famous flank march early . . . — — Map (db m3583) HM
Despite heavy damage from the war, the Courthouse was repaired and continued to serve the local citizens. In 1876, a belfrey and bell were added. By 1900, the Courthouse was in a serious state of disrepair. The Commissioners undertook repairs . . . — — Map (db m216695) HM
At 2 a.m. on May 13, 1864, General Lee declared a new line of works a half mile behind you ready, and the Confederate troops in the trenches here quietly withdrew. They had bought the Confederacy what it most needed that day: time. But every . . . — — Map (db m66230) HM
Berea Church was initially used as a field hospital during the battles for Spotsylvania Court House as fighting raged on the Brock Road on May 8th. On May 11th, the church became the headquarters of General Jubal Early. On May 13th, the area came . . . — — Map (db m148418) HM
"Was summoned as one to go with the Sheriff to take possession of the old clerk's office. The company met at the Court House, all armed and proceeded to our duty. We arrived at the office; forced the door, went in and took out all . . . — — Map (db m148415) HM
The exact date of the building of the Ordinary on the road from Fredericksburg to Snell is a mystery. The earliest date we can attribute is 1770. It may have existed prior, but unproven by current evidence. In 1799, the property and Ordinary, . . . — — Map (db m148387) HM
Phillip Anns, the fifth owner of the tract and building, died on August 3, 1873. He left a sum of money to his wife Lydia Anns for the care of their four children. However, Charles M. Garrett married Ann's 16-year-old daughter, Lizzie, and was . . . — — Map (db m148381) HM
On the morning of May 3, 1863, Union artillery at Fairview suffered the most intense artillery bombardment of the battle. More than 40 Confederate guns at Hazel Grove (visible 1,200 yards in front of you) concentrated their fire on 34 Union cannon . . . — — Map (db m3638) HM
A short distance southeast is the site of the George Arnold House where Bishop Francis Asbury died, March 31, 1816. Asbury, born in England in 1745, came to America in 1771 and labored here until his death. He was ordained one of the first two . . . — — Map (db m1723) HM
Here lies Edgar and Ann Harrison along with the daughters Ellen and Maria. Edgar was born in 1829 in King and Queen, Virginia. He married Ann Marie Smith Goodwin in Fredericksburg in 1851. Edgar was a farmer by occupation. In 1858 with the help . . . — — Map (db m148422) HM
Like Lee, General Ulysses S. Grant recognized the Muleshoe’s weakness and made plans to exploit it. On May 12, just after dawn, 20,000 men of General Winfield S. Hancock’s Second Corps stormed across the field in front of you—from left to . . . — — Map (db m66223) HM
Softball and baseball were played by Spotsylvania’s African American children, teens and young adults in back yards, on church grounds and in open fields. Some, such as Layton Fairchild, Sr. (right), grew up playing baseball and were . . . — — Map (db m84599) HM
May 12 - 18, 1864, between the armies of Lee and Grant is unmatched for its display of unyielding heroism and devotion to duty and principle. Here thousands of valorous men, fighting with bayonets and clubbed muskets, wrote their imperishable . . . — — Map (db m3665) HM
In 1864, the field in front of you was partially forested. On May 8, Union cavalry galloped across this land to attack Spotsylvania Court House itself but soon came scrambling back in retreat.
At 4:35 A.M. on May 12, while almost 20,000 Union . . . — — Map (db m73749) HM
The ground before you was hotly contested for two full weeks during the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. From May 8 to May 21, 1864, Union Gen. Ulysses S. Grant sought to drive the Confederates from their earthworks and cripple Gen. Robert E. . . . — — Map (db m78955) HM
The images displayed are those of soldiers killed in Spotsylvania, identified, and buried here. They were of different ages, regionally from other states, and of diverse rank. All met their fate on the field of battle. To learn more, choose a name . . . — — Map (db m183692) HM
In 1832 the process of starting a new church began when an organization known as the Reforming Congregation of Disciples chose a group of trustees to select a site. The group chose Berea Christian Church as the new name after Berea, an ancient . . . — — Map (db m148419) HM
This jumble of bricks and stones tucked deep within Spotsylvania's Wilderness marks the birthplace of Matthew Fontaine Maury, the "Pathfinder of the Seas." All but forgotten now, Maury was a legend during his lifetime. While superintendent of the . . . — — Map (db m21934) HM
Fighting at the Muleshoe Salient focused on a slight turn in the Confederate earthworks, to your right-front, known as the “Bloody Angle.” The Angle occupied a small knoll that commanded adjacent parts of the Confederate line. Whoever . . . — — Map (db m66224) HM
Long after the Civil War, Sergeant Rice Bull of the 123rd New York Volunteers remembered the early morning hours of May 3, 1863. "Never was there a more beautiful sunrise," he wrote, "not a cloud in the sky. It was an ideal Sunday morning, warm and . . . — — Map (db m112311) HM
To the Glory of God
and
In loving memory of
The Rev. Arthur E. Booth
by whose devoted and untiring efforts
this Parish House was erected — — Map (db m3947) HM
In this vicinity Brig. Gen. E. F. Paxton, C.S.A. Aged 35 years, of Rockbridge County, VA. Was killed on the morning of May 3, 1863 While leading his command, the Stonewall Brigade in the attack on Fairview — — Map (db m3607) HM
At battle's end, more than 2,000 Union dead lay scattered through the Wilderness. The first major effort to bury the dead came more than a year later, when a Union regiment received orders to proceed to the Wilderness and inter those Union . . . — — Map (db m155886) HM
The stone stack in front of you is all that remains of the Catharine Furnace, built in 1837. Closed a decade later, the furnace was reborn to meet the Confederacy’s wartime need for iron. Union cavalrymen under General George A. Custer destroyed . . . — — Map (db m158840) HM
This is the Chancellor family cemetery. In the first half of the 19th century the Chancellors dominated this section of Spotsylvania County. Fairview was the original family seat, but branches of the family eventually lived at Chancellorsville, . . . — — Map (db m3642) HM
On December 31, 1855, Joseph Sanford and his wife Agnes sold the tract of land across from the Courthouse and the Spotswood Inn (also owned by Sanford) to Dr. J. Edgar Chancellor. The deed had restrictions; Sanford was to have the use and . . . — — Map (db m148383) HM
The Civil War had entered its third year, and the Army of the Potomac was again on the march. Led by its new commander, "Fighting Joe" Hooker, the 134,000-man Union juggernaut crossed the Rappahannock River beyond Lee's left flank on April 28, . . . — — Map (db m155612) HM
April 27-May 6, 1863. Leaving a large detachment under Sedgwick in front of Fredericksburg, Hooker marched a flanking column around and behind the Confederates. Lee then left a small unit to face Sedgwick and advanced westward to meet Hooker. . . . — — Map (db m3517) HM
Just ahead is the crossing of the Orange Plank Road, a mid-nineteenth century trade route from the mountains to the navigable Rappahannock at Fredericksburg. Loaded wagons had the right-of-way on the planking, which covered half the roadbed. . . . — — Map (db m3552) HM
May 2, 1863. Shortly after noon, Sickles’ Corps advanced from the Union right-center to attack the "retreating" Confederates. Posey's and Wright's brigades, part of Lee's holding line, met the advance. A rear guard from Jackson's marching column . . . — — Map (db m3599) HM
May 3, 1863 - Battle cries break the stillness of the dawn as 25,000 Confederate soldiers move up through the dark woods on both sides of the Plank Road to attack the Union position guarding Fairview heights, 800 yards to the east. Leading them in . . . — — Map (db m3606) HM
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