In memory of the sons of this University who gave their lives for freedom in the World War
Robert Dunaway Adams •
George Wayne Anderson, Jr. •
Adair Pleasants Archer •
Samuel Chandler Baker •
Andrew Beirne Blair, Jr. •
William Ewing . . . — — Map (db m230736) WM
Villages such as Advance Mills were once common features of rural Virginia, serving as economic and social centers. Advance Mills grew around a single mill that John Fray constructed in 1833 on the north fork of the Rivanna River. By the twentieth . . . — — Map (db m55785) HM
On 3 Sept. 1963, nine years after the U.S. Supreme Court declared racial segregation of public schools unconstitutional, 26 African-American students formerly enrolled at all-black schools desegregated Albemarle High School, Stone-Robinson . . . — — Map (db m170167) HM
In Jan. 1779, during the American Revolution, 4,000 British troops and German mercenaries (commonly known as “Hessians”) captured following the Battle of Saratoga in New York arrived here after marching from Massachusetts. It was called . . . — — Map (db m55784) HM
"In 1779 4,000 prisoners, British and their German auxiliaries, captured at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777, marched over 600 miles to quarters, called 'The Barracks', situated a half mile north of this site. Traditionally, some of these prisoners . . . — — Map (db m37586) HM
Born at Esmont on 10 April 1915, Frank D. Peregory enlisted in May 1931 in Charlottesville’s Co. K (Monticello Guard), 116th Inf. Regt., 29th Inf. Div. On D-Day, 6 June 1944, T. Sgt. Peregory landed in the assault on Omaha Beach, Normandy, France. . . . — — Map (db m18584) HM
This is a spring that was used by the Carr family when they lived here in 1870. The spring provided a source of clean drinking water and was also used as a storage location to keep perishable foods cool — — Map (db m170175) HM
Legacy of Hugh Carr
The Ivy Creek Natural Area was once the home of Hugh Carr, born into slavery around 1840 in Albemarle County. The end of the Civil War in 1865 was for Hugh the start of a new life founded in freedom.
In 1870, Hugh . . . — — Map (db m170172) HM
A network of more than six miles of walking trails leaves large areas of natural habitat undisturbed. The 1.5 mile Central Red Trail leads back to the parking lot and barn. All other trails stem from the Red Trail.
A 0.75-mile paved trail . . . — — Map (db m170174) HM
1975: Red Flags
For years, Elizabeth (Babs) Conant had canoed the relatively new South Fork Rivanna Reservoir and enjoyed its abundant wildlife. Then one autumn day in 1975, she rounded a bend and saw something ominous. Survey stakes . . . — — Map (db m170170) HM
These garden walls,
included by Thomas Jefferson in his original designs for the academical village, were built by enslaved laborers.
The walls were reconstructed and enclosed gardens planted by
The Garden Club of Virginia
1952 . . . — — Map (db m230924) HM
Thomas Jefferson founded the University of Virginia. The cornerstone of its first building was laid on October 6, 1817, in the presence of three presidents of the United States—Jefferson, James Madison, and James Monroe. In 1825, the . . . — — Map (db m61101) HM
Built before 1744 by
Col. Joshua Fry
1699-1754
Surveyor, Mathematician, Pioneer
Commander-in-Chief of Virginia Forces
French and Indian War
George Washington Inscribed over his Grave
“Here lies the good, the just
and the noble . . . — — Map (db m23244) HM
Bounded by the James River to the south and the Rivanna River to the north, this nationally significant district encompasses 83,627 acres. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007, it includes buildings influenced by Jefferson’s . . . — — Map (db m23240) HM
Civil War relic collectors found Stuart’s winter camp and skirmish site (shaded area of map) long before the Rio Hill Shopping Center opened in 1989.
Metal detectors were used to search the area and artifacts—bullets, buttons, belt and . . . — — Map (db m7692) HM
In December 1863, Confederate troops established winter quarters here. The approximately 200 soldiers, under the command of Capt. Marcellus N. Moorman, were from Stuart’s Horse Artillery Battalion and were equipped with 16 cannons. The men built . . . — — Map (db m7690) HM
On February 29, 1864, General George A. Custer and 1500 cavalrymen made a diversionary raid Into Albemarle County. Here, north of Charlottesville, he attacked the Confederate winter camp of four batteries of the Stuart Horse Artillery commanded by . . . — — Map (db m7685) HM
The Woolen Mills area of Charlottesville traces its roots back to the late 1700s. It was Thomas Jefferson who realized the Rivanna River's vitality was the key to economic growth in the area.
Originally a grist mill was started on . . . — — Map (db m172975) HM
After reinforcements from Brig. Gen "Mad" Anthony Wayne arrived on 10 June 1781, the Marquis de Lafayette moved south from his camp on the Rapidan River to prevent further raids by Gen. Charles Cornwallis British troops encamped at Elk Hill. By 13 . . . — — Map (db m22617) HM
The St. John School, built here in 1922–1923, served African-American students during the segregation era. Julius Rosenwald, president of Sears Roebuck and Co., collaborated with Booker T. Washington in a school-building campaign begining in . . . — — Map (db m102560) HM
In 1866 Dr. William D. Boaz established the first commercial apple orchard in Covesville. These orchards specialized in the Albemarle Pippin, which became one of the most prized and profitable apple varieties grown in Virginia. By 1890 the success . . . — — Map (db m25473) HM
The town grew around a rail stop established on Wayland’s farm in 1878. It was named for Col. B. Claudius Crozet, (1789–1864)—Napoleonic Army officer, and Virginia’s Engineer and Cartographer—he built this pioneer railway through the Blue Ridge. . . . — — Map (db m1798) HM
Earlysville Union Church is a rare surviving
early-19th-century interdenominational church
constructed in Albemarle County. Built in
1833, this frame structure served as a
meetinghouse for all Christian denominations
on land deeded by John . . . — — Map (db m21650) HM
This tablet placed here by the Colonial Dames of America in the State of Virginia in the year 1930, commemorates the founding of the First Buck Mountain Church established under the authority of The Church of England and builded one mile west of . . . — — Map (db m21690) HM
Near here, on both sides of the Rivanna River, was located the Monacan Indian village of Monasukapanough. This village was one of five Monacan towns that Captain John Smith recorded by name on his 1612 Map of Virginia, though many more . . . — — Map (db m106829) HM
The 19th-century mill village of Rio Mills stood 600 yards west of here, where the former Harrisonburg-Charlottesville Turnpike crossed the South Fork of the Rivanna River. Following the Battle of Rio Hill on 29 February 1864, Union General George . . . — — Map (db m106830) HM
Shortly after the formation of St. Anne's Parish in 1745, this established church stood on a knoll 100 yards north on nearby Ballenger Creek. Not used regularly after the old parish was dissolved in 1785, the building was in ruins by 1820 and was . . . — — Map (db m29953) HM
In 1762 the vestry of St. Anne's Parish purchased from William Burton 400 acres here for the residence and lands of the rector of the parish, established in 1745. This glebe was so used almost until the dissolution of the old parish. It was sold in . . . — — Map (db m29951) HM
Albemarle County. Albemarle County was formed in 1744 from Goochland County and named for William Anne Keppel, the second Earl of Albemarle, titular governor of Virginia from 1737 to 1754. A portion of Louisa County was later added to . . . — — Map (db m22780) HM
On 3 Sept. 1963, nine years after the U.S. Supreme Court
declared racial segregation of public schools unconstitutional,
26 African-American students formerly enrolled at all-black
schools desegregated Albemarle High School, . . . — — Map (db m234288) HM
This was the girlhood home of Viscountess Nancy Astor, first woman member of the British Parliament. She was a daughter of Chiswell Dabney Langhorne, who bought “Mirador” in 1892. The house was built sometime after 1832 for James M. . . . — — Map (db m1536) HM
Nearby stands Mirador the childhood home of Nancy, Viscountess Astor, the first woman member of Parliament. Born Nancy Witcher Langhorne in 1879, she lived here from 1892 to 1897. In 1906 she married Waldorf Astor and moved to England permanently. . . . — — Map (db m1535) HM
The monument before you honors Virginia state highway workers who lost their lives while serving the Commonwealth’s travelers. No public funds were used to build this memorial. It was built entirely with donations from Virginia Department of . . . — — Map (db m26332) HM
Half a mile north was born, 1774, Meriwether Lewis, of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, sent by Jefferson to explore the far west, 1804–1806. The expedition reached the mouth of the Columbia River, November 15, 1805. — — Map (db m1795) HM
Late in April 1862, Maj. Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson marched his army out of the Shenandoah Valley through the Blue Ridge Mountains to deceive Union Maj. Gen. John C. Fremont into thinking he was headed for Richmond. On 3 May, Jackson . . . — — Map (db m230172) HM
During the Shenandoah Valley Campaign (March - June 1862) Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson used deceptive maneuvers and sharp attacks to divert Union forces from the Peninsula Campaign against Richmond. Late in April, Jackson's . . . — — Map (db m209781) HM
The vestry of Fredericksville Parish commissioned a church for this site in 1745. First known as Middle Church, the wood-frame building was later called Walker's Church. Thomas Jefferson attended the nearby classical school of the Rev. James Maury, . . . — — Map (db m170120) HM
Beautification in memory of
Marjorie S. Twohey
Founding member of the
Keswick Garden Club
First president of Charlottesville Council of Garden Clubs
[Lower plaque:]
This plaque commemorates the 50th anniversary of the . . . — — Map (db m170121) HM
Extending from the Orange County line on the north to the outskirts of Charlottesville with the Southwest Mountains forming its spine, this historic district encompasses more than 31,000 acres and contains some of the Piedmont’s most pristine and . . . — — Map (db m17447) HM
Just north was a classical school conducted by the Rev. James Maury, rector of Fredericksville Parish from 1754 to 1769. Thomas Jefferson was one of Maury’s students. Matthew Fontaine Maury, the “Pathfinder of the Seas,” was Maury’s . . . — — Map (db m17459) HM
A bequest of Samuel Miller (1792–1869) provided funds to found the Miller School in 1878. Miller, a Lynchburg businessman born in poverty in Albemarle County, envisioned a regional school for children who could not afford an education. The school . . . — — Map (db m21699) HM
Named for the community it served. This established church of old St. Anne’s Parish was built on a hill about one half mile east as early as 1769. In 1776 there were plans to build nearby a new, brick church. This new church had not been completed . . . — — Map (db m158048) HM
Ben Brown and other newly freed slaves, who
founded the community after the Civil
War, first named the settlement Egypt and then Bethel.
About 1881, the community became known as Proffit when the Virginia Midland Railway placed
a stop here, . . . — — Map (db m16946) HM
Free State, a community of free African Americans, stood here. Its nucleus was a 224-acre tract that Amy Farrow, a free black woman, purchased in 1788. Her son Zachariah Bowles lived here and married Critta Hemings of Monticello, an older sister of . . . — — Map (db m170663) HM
Here stands the Barclay House, built about 1830, later the home of Dr. James Turner Barclay, inventor for the U. S. Mint and missionary to Jerusalem. He founded the adjacent Diciples Church in 1846 and served as its first preacher. It is now the . . . — — Map (db m17995) HM
Five miles southwest of here is the Hatton Ferry on the James River which began operating in the 1870s. James A. Brown established the ferry and a store on land first rented and then purchased from S.P. Gantt in 1881. In 1883 when a post office was . . . — — Map (db m88501) HM
In 1745 old Albemarle County was organized at Scott’s landing, its first county seat, here on the great horseshoe bend of the James River. In 1818 the town was incorporated as Scottsville, beginning in 1840 it flourished as the chief port above . . . — — Map (db m17894) HM
On August 20, 1969, flood waters of the James River rose to this point as an aftermath of Hurricane Camille causing great loss to the people of Scottsville.
This plaque was erected to remind all who read it of the vulnerability of mortal man to . . . — — Map (db m17948) HM
At 3 p.m. on Monday, March 6, 1865, the first of Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan’s 10,000 cavalrymen under Gens. Wesley Merritt, Thomas Devin, and George A. Custer entered Scottsville unopposed. To accomplish their mission—destroy the
James . . . — — Map (db m17844) HM
In memory of the soldiers who died in the Confederate General Hospital in Scottsville
1862-1863
Beattie, F.M. Co. H 23 NC
Boyle, Andrew Co. D 41 VA
Brashear, Denis P. Co. E 4 AL
Clark, Henry Co. E 15 AL
Clark, Hosey L. Co. F 2 MS . . . — — Map (db m22784) HM
Just to the south was Mount Warren, the home of Wilson Cary Nicholas. He served in the Continental army, represented Albemarle County in the General Assembly (1784–1789, 1794–1799), and was a delegate to the Virginia Convention of 1788 . . . — — Map (db m19406) HM
Ferries In Virginia
The James, York, Rappahannock and smaller rivers were the primary means of commercial transportation in Virginia until the advent of railroads in the mid-1800’s. In most locations ferries provided the only way to cross . . . — — Map (db m14527) HM
History of Hatton Ferry.
The Hatton Ferry began operation in 1870, when Buckingham County authorities issued a court order to construct a public ferry across the James River to the Albemarle County lands of Thomas P. Gantt (ca. 1846-1896), a . . . — — Map (db m99392) HM
James A. Brown began operating a store and ferry at this site on rented property in the late 1870’s. In 1881 he bought the land from S. P. Gantt at which time the store became a stop on the Richmond and Alleghany Railroad. Two years later, Brown was . . . — — Map (db m12882) HM
The land was patented in 1735. The old house was built in 1790; the new in 1828. Here lived Thomas Mann Randolph, governor of Virginia 1819–1922, who married Martha, daughter of Thomas Jefferson. — — Map (db m17335) HM
Thomas Jefferson—author of the Declaration of Independence, third president of the United States, and founder of the University of Virginia—was born near this site on 13 April 1743. His father, Peter Jefferson (1708–1757), a surveyor, planter, and . . . — — Map (db m17306) HM
This estate was the home of James Monroe, fifth president of the United States. In 1793, James and Elizabeth Kortright Monroe purchased 1,000 acres adjoining Jefferson’s Monticello. Called Highland, the plantation, eventually totaling 3,500 acres, . . . — — Map (db m23437) HM
The house was built about 1770 by workmen engaged in building Monticello. Mazzei, an Italian, lived here for some years adapting grape culture to Virginia. Baron de Riedesel, captured at Saratoga in 1777, lived here with his family, 1779–1780. . . . — — Map (db m21952) HM
Philip Mazzei, a Tuscan merchant and horticulturalist, arrived in Virginia in 1775 and was persuaded by Thomas Jefferson to settle here. Jefferson gave him 193 acres of land, and Mazzei named his property Colle (meaning "hill"). He built a house ca. . . . — — Map (db m170655) HM
Small groups of people occupied a temporary camp here between 4,500 and 3,200 years ago. This era, called the Late Archaic by archaeologists, is characterized by changes in lifestyle. Growing numbers of people seasonally gathered in larger . . . — — Map (db m214232) HM
This land was once part of more than 1,100 acres acquired by the Terrett family by the mid-19th century. Within Fairfax County until annexed by the City of Alexandria in 1952, the area was primarily agricultural fieldsd and woodlands here before . . . — — Map (db m214230) HM
[Plaque on the left side of the entrance:]
From the establishment of Alexandria in 1749 to the present time, African Americans have been a vibrant part of this city's history. The City of Alexandria would not exist in its present form were . . . — — Map (db m131547) HM
Dutch Hoffman was born in Washington, D.C. He was orphaned at the age of 16 when his only living relative, his sister Mildred, died during childbirth. After his death, . . . — — Map (db m239756) HM
The area west of the Mill Race complex once was a sloping meadow through which ran the meandering tail race of the Cameron Mills. The mill site itself was located beneath what is now the parking garage of the Hoffman Center complex. Built in the . . . — — Map (db m27230) HM
Peter Wise, a city councilman and tanner, established the Duke Street Tanyard in 1797. The Business was situated near the stone bridge on the east bank of Hooff's Run by West End Village. The tannery's ownership and name changed many times; Quakers . . . — — Map (db m72479) HM
Josiah Watson, a wealthy merchant and postmaster of Alexandria, established his 272-acre plantation, “Bush Hill”, in 1791. Richard Marshall Scott purchased the plantation in 1791; his family stayed here for 200 years. Scott was an . . . — — Map (db m2610) HM
This historic site is a section of the mill race that provided water power to Cloud's Mill which stood directly across Paxton street.
At the intersection of Beauregard and Morgan Streets, water diverted from the Holmes Run ran through the . . . — — Map (db m150801) HM
Archaeologists excavated four ship hull remnants along the Alexandria waterfront — one from the Hotel Indigo Site (44AX229) and three from the Robinson Landing Site (44AX235). Over 200 years ago, Alexandrians repurposed these old merchant ships . . . — — Map (db m216125) HM
This park is named for Joseph M. Hensley, the City of Alexandria's Director of Recreation, Parks and Cultural Activities from 1977 until his retirement in 1986.
Joe devoted 33 years to improving the quality of life in Alexandria. Among the . . . — — Map (db m197471) HM
Archaeologists excavated four ship hull remnants along the Alexandria waterfront — one from the Hotel Indigo Site (44AX229) and three from the Robinson Landing Site (44AX235). Over 200 years ago, Alexandrians repurposed these old merchant ships . . . — — Map (db m216130) HM
Archaeologists excavated four ship hull remnants along the Alexandria Waterfront — one from the Hotel Indigo Site (44AX229) and three from the Robinson Landing Site (44AX235). Over 200 years ago, Alexandrians repurposed these old merchant ships . . . — — Map (db m216126) HM
Three roads formed this Fairfax County intersection by the early 19th century. Braddock Road, Middle Turnpike (later called Leesburg Pike/King Street/Route 7) and Quaker Lane were the wagon routes for trade between the port town of Alexandria and . . . — — Map (db m150816) HM
Episcopal High School, on the hill to the southwest, was founded in 1839 as a boys' preparatory school, one of the first in the South; girls were admitted in 1991. The school was a pioneer in the establishment of student honor codes in preparatory . . . — — Map (db m7559) HM
This flag flies in honor of all the men and women whose gallant service and courageous efforts have kept this nation free and safe for all Americans — — Map (db m150815) WM
Half mile to the southwest. The idea for such an institution was conceived by a group of Alexandria and Washington clergymen in 1818. Among those interested was Francis Scott Key, author of the Star Spangled Banner. Originally at corner of . . . — — Map (db m7561) HM
In Loving Memory of Kate Waller Barrett, 1859-1925 First President American Legion Auxiliary Department of Virginia 1922 National President American Legion Auxiliary 1923
▼▲▼▲▼
This Tablet . . . — — Map (db m72401) HM
George Washington's 1749 Survey shows this lot fronting the Potomac River.
The original house on this site was built in 1783. It was destroyed in the great fire of January 18, 1827, which consumed 53 houses and numerous outbuildings in Old Town. . . . — — Map (db m71794) HM
Built in 1880, 204 South Royal Street was originally the site of the Concordia Hotel. Commissioned by Jacob Borhaus, the Concordia incorporated every modern convenience. The original hotel entrance was located on Royal Street. A two story wing . . . — — Map (db m131347) HM
In 1850, William N. McVeigh bought a frame house on this site at public auction. Soon after the purchase, McVeigh had the small house demolished, and construction began on a pair of three-story brick houses. The Alexandria Gazette and . . . — — Map (db m146441) HM
1880
On September 1, 1880 the Old Dominion Boat Club (ODBC) was organized to combine physical fitness and sport with a social atmosphere. The members built their first clubhouse on May 1, 1881 located on the Strand between Duke and . . . — — Map (db m195594) HM
Did you know that you traverse the District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia when you cross this bridge? The brass lines in the walkway mark the boundaries. They also commemorate the cooperation required to build this bridge.
Follow the . . . — — Map (db m140997) HM
Alexandria's Changing Shoreline
In 1749 the town of Alexandria was laid out on 10 to 15 foot bluffs around a crescent of shallow water. The back edge of John Carlyle's property, where you are standing now, was about 15 feet above the Potomac . . . — — Map (db m129171) HM
During World War I (1914-1918), the U.S. government targeted Jones Point as the site for a private shipyard, one of 111 built to aid the war effort. The Virginia Shipbuilding Corporation yard, constructed just before war's end, was designed to build . . . — — Map (db m127780) HM
During the Civil War, thousands of formerly enslaved individuals came to Union-controlled Alexandria to seek refuge and freedom. As a result, several new African American neighborhoods developed during and after the Civil War, including four in . . . — — Map (db m239750) HM
The African American Heritage Trail along the waterfront consists of two interconnecting routes. Both begin at Waterfront Park. Together, these trails illuminate the history of the African American community in Alexandria over a span of several . . . — — Map (db m239718) HM
13,000 years ago
The Paleoindian Period
A Native American hunter during the Paleoindian period discards a broken spear point, on a bluff overlooking a tributary to the Potomac River at the southern edge of present-day Alexandria. . . . — — Map (db m166409) HM
Erected 1785, Chartered by the General Assembly of Virginia 1786, with the following trustees:
George Washington
William Brown
John Fitzgerald
William Baker
Samuel Hanson
William Hartshorne
Benjamin Dulany
David Stuart
Charles . . . — — Map (db m175873) HM
The launch of urban renewal in 1965 led to a boom of archaeological discoveries in Alexandria's Old and Historic District. As buildings were razed exposing artifact-laden layers of history, community outcry demanded that the City address and halt . . . — — Map (db m115770) HM
This structure stands on the site of a late eighteenth-century brick dwelling, part of a complex owned by John Wise and leased to John Gadsby, both noted Alexandria tavern keepers.
The Alexandria Post No. 24, American Legion, purchased the . . . — — Map (db m129180) HM
Three railroads developed in Alexandria during the mid-19th century, a period of limited industrial expansion for the City. Alexandrians had a invested heavily in the Alexandria Canal which opened in 1843, giving the city access to the rich . . . — — Map (db m72379) HM
Chartered A.D. 1788
Destroyed by Fire May 19, A.D. 1871
Rebuilt A.D. 1874
Adolf Cluss - Architect
This plaque mounted in cooperation with the City of Alexandria
by the Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22
Ancient Free and . . . — — Map (db m69947) HM
Alexandrians created waterfront land by banking out the shoreline using timber cribbing and old ships including three discovered on this site.
For over two centuries this land embodied Alexandria's working waterfront with an evolving mix of . . . — — Map (db m204474) HM
Alexandria was established by Virginia's colonial assembly in 1749, over four decades the U.S. Congress authorized creation of a national capital on the banks of the Potomac River. Once the final site for the Federal city was selected by President . . . — — Map (db m141166) HM
Wording on stone tablet to left:
Alexandria, Virginia
County seat of Fairfax 1742-1800
Organized 13th July, 1749
Incorporated by the Assembly of Virginia 1779
Ceded to the Federal Government 1789
First boundary . . . — — Map (db m167068) HM WM
In honor and memory of our colleagues in the security profession whose lives were lost in the performance of their duty on September 11th in New York, and all others who have been called upon to make the ultimate sacrifice, ASIS International . . . — — Map (db m131393) WM
Established in 1792, this was the first financial institution authorized by the General Assembly of Virginia. The building was completed in 1807. It is one of the oldest surviving commercial structures in Alexandria and is a fine local example of . . . — — Map (db m81250) HM
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