The Natchez Indians used the open area between the Great Sun's Mound and the Temple Mound for religious and social ceremonies. In 1725, the funeral ceremonies for the Tattooed Serpent, brother of the Great Sun, were held on this plaza.
Le Page Du . . . — — Map (db m110549) HM
Eyewitness accounts of American Indians using ceremonial mound centers are very rare. In 1704, French colonists witnessed the funeral rites for a female Natchez chief at the Grand Village. The Natchez held a similar funeral ceremony here in 1725 . . . — — Map (db m114668) HM
The Natchez chief called the Great Sun lived in a house on Mound B. The Jesuit missionary Pierre- François-Xavier de Charlevoix wrote that the Natchez houses were square or rectangular in floor plan with mud walls plastered on a wooden frame. Roofs . . . — — Map (db m114666) HM
Pre-Civil War St. Catherine Street The road, for the first mile, after leaving town, passed through a charming country, seen at intervals, and between long lines of unpainted, wretched looking dwellings, occupied as 'groggeries' by free . . . — — Map (db m106918) HM
First Catholic church in the Mississippi valley with entire congregation of Afro-American descent. Its school has been continually educating youth since 1890. — — Map (db m103798) HM
In 1889 Bishop Thomas Heslin started the first parish for Roman Catholic African Americans in Mississippi. He first oversaw construction of a small frame church (above left) on Beaumont Street and brought Father A.N.J. Peters to Natchez to become . . . — — Map (db m104502) HM
The portion of St. Catherine Street that extends from the site of the Rhythm Night Club to D'Evereux Street was originally part of the property of the city's first public hospital (above).The hospital fronted St. Catherine and stood on a hill on . . . — — Map (db m108586) HM
1830: July 18-December 30- The Blessed Virgin Mary appears to St. Catherine Lebouré, Daughter of Charity, in Paris, France 1830: July 27 Revolution - Louis Philippe overthrows King Charles X of France 1832: - First Miraculous . . . — — Map (db m104067) HM
Myrtle Terrace (behind you) was the home of steamboat captain Thomas P. Leathers, who commanded the steamboat Natchez in a race with the Robert E. Lee in 1870. An internationally known riverboat pilot, Leathers worked for . . . — — Map (db m127107) HM
This 1866 view of High Street shows two houses, but one is no longer standing. The surviving house in the foreground has porches with the kind of sawn wooden railing that is called “gingerbread,” because it looks like the . . . — — Map (db m127099) HM
Joseph Neibert built Choctaw in 1836 as his mansion townhouse. Neibert was a cotton planter. In the 1830s he and his partner Peter Gemmel, operated the city's most successful building firm, which employed both white and enslaved . . . — — Map (db m104476) HM
John Smith, a partner in the contracting firm of Neibert and Gemmell, built this brick cottage in 1838. The John Smith House is named for two owners with this same common name. In this 1866 photograph, evergreen trees obscure the front of . . . — — Map (db m127078) HM
Zion Chapel African Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E.) Church was built in 1858 as the Second Presbyterian Church, a mission of First Presbyterian Church. Zion Chapel acquired the building in 1866, when Hiram R. Revels served as pastor. The . . . — — Map (db m127093) HM
Ethel Clagett and Mabel Porter were among the first women in America to own a car dealership that was not inherited from a male spouse or relative. They opened their dealership in 1914 on Main Street and moved to a larger new facility on . . . — — Map (db m108610) HM
The Protection Steam Fire Company No. 3 built a grand firehouse in 1902 at the corner of Main and Canal streets (no longer standing). During the 1800s and early 1900s, volunteers provided fire protection in Natchez as in most American . . . — — Map (db m127086) HM
The 1927 Eola Hotel is the tallest building in downtown Natchez. Named for Eola Levy, the daughter of developer Isadore Levy, it became a center for social activity for the city. Celebrities who visited the hotel in the mid-1900s . . . — — Map (db m114303) HM
The Natchez Institute, built in 1901,
replaced an 1845 school building. The
Natchez Institute was the first
public school in Mississippi to offer a
full course of free education for white
children. The first public school . . . — — Map (db m127142) HM
An 1890 view of Memorial Park shows the Confederate soldier monument draped for unveiling. Like many others across the south, it faces north towards the opposing army.The park's creation was part of the Lost Cause Movement that expressed . . . — — Map (db m104480) HM
The Old Natchez Post Office was built in 1904 on the site of William Johnson's Main Street barbershop. Before his 1851 death, Johnson also owned two other barbershops in town. He used both freed and enslaved black workers who served only . . . — — Map (db m127074) HM
On this hill, Andrew Ellicott raised the American flag in 1797. This act claimed the Natchez Territory for the United States and helped hasten the departure of the Spanish. A few years later, James Moore built a home on the site, known today as the . . . — — Map (db m114446) HM
The dramatic looking Natchez Hotel (no longer standing) was built in 1891. Within a few years, parts of the building began to disappear in stages. The tent-like dome went first in a storm, and a 1926 fire destroyed most of the structure. . . . — — Map (db m127090) HM
In the 1800s, Franklin Street was
headquarters for plantation supply
houses, and the street was filled with
wagons. Main Street merchants offered
house wares and dry goods, and it
attracted more carriages. Many of the
downtown . . . — — Map (db m199493) HM
Edelweiss is a Swiss Chalet-style building which dates to 1883. The house offered both a great view of the Mississippi River and a convenient location for the family of its first owner, Joseph O'Brien, a coal-dealer at Natchez . . . — — Map (db m108807) HM
William Johnson, a freed person of color, was a barber, entrepreneur, and slave owner. He built this house in 1841 using materials salvaged after the 1840 tornado that damaged much of downtown. His diary details its construction and . . . — — Map (db m115610) HM
Institute Hall was built in 1852-1853 as a public auditorium and a companion building to the Natchez Institute. The contractors were the Weldon Brothers, who used over 100 enslaved craftsmen and whose head draftsman was a slave named . . . — — Map (db m115628) HM
The domed Federal-style Adams County Courthouse appears in Audubon's 1822-1823 painted landscape of Natchez. Built in 1817, this courthouse is the oldest in Mississippi. It was remodeled in 1925. Actions at the courthouse impacted all of . . . — — Map (db m114502) HM
The present Temple B'nai Israel, built in 1904, replaced an 1870s temple that burned (pictured above). Both reflect the success of Jewish merchants after the Civil War. Jews lived in Natchez as early as the late 1700s, but their numbers . . . — — Map (db m114299) HM
An 1866 photograph shows that the porch on the house at 705 Washington Street (behind you) was a later addition. Those who built houses without porches often soon added them. Travel writer Joseph Holt Ingraham noted in 1835 that the area's hot . . . — — Map (db m115604) HM
The two matching brick houses at the corner (behind you) date to 1901 and stand on the site of a brick chapel (no longer standing) built in 1849 by the First Presbyterian Church. The chapel held Wednesday evening prayer services, . . . — — Map (db m107249) HM
Gathered on the front steps of Green Leaves are the founders of the Natchez Garden Club, the women who started the local historic house tours in 1932. The vision of these women created the city's heritage tourism industry, today a major . . . — — Map (db m115605) HM
All four of the houses at this intersection were built before the Civil War, and three are associated with the family of Joseph Quegles, a Spaniard who settled in Natchez during the Spanish period (1779-1798).Four houses near the . . . — — Map (db m114301) HM
Known as the Spanish Quarter in the early 1800s, this neighborhood is one of the oldest in Natchez. Each corner house dates to before the Civil War.
A Spaniard, Manuel Texada, built the house called Texada . . . — — Map (db m127092) HM
This was the first Methodist congregration in Natchez formed in the early 1800s, and the 1st building was constructed in 1807. The 1st Sunday School south of Philadelphia, Pa., was organized here in 1829. — — Map (db m29749) HM
Erected, 1968, by Descendants of the New Jersey Settlers Organization (formed 1940) in memory of settlers of 1772, including Captain Amos Ogden. The Swayzes, Thorns & others now rest in the Kingston Cemetery — — Map (db m103816) HM
Erected, 1968, by Descendants of the New Jersey Settlers Organization (formed 1940) in memory of settlers of 1772 & their descendants who rest in Caleb King & Daniel Farrar Cemetery, Kingston Plantation. — — Map (db m104044) HM
John R. Lynch turned to writing in his later years and wrote the Facts of Reconstruction in 1913. He completed his autobiography Reminiscences of an Active Life when he was 90, two years before his death in 1939.Lynch invested . . . — — Map (db m115927) HM
An early American feminist writer and champion of women's rights, Murray (1751-1820) was also instrumental in fostering the Universalist Church in America. Murray lived for two years at Oak Point Plantation on this site. She died on July 6, 1820, . . . — — Map (db m103817) HM
Oldest building in Natchez. Standing before 1789. Operated as a tavern, stage stop, and mail station at the end of Natchez Trace. Now owned and restored by the Pilgrimage Garden Club of Natchez. — — Map (db m127081) HM
S.E. 1 mile is site of Old Jersey Settlement now known as Kingston. Here settlers from New Jersey organized first Protestant church in Mississippi with Samuel Swayze as pastor. — — Map (db m104043) HM
E. 8 mi. Settled, 1773 by N. Jersey pioneers led by Richard and Samuel Swayze. Latter formed Congregational church, reputedly the first Protestant church in state. — — Map (db m120192) HM
8.8 Miles to KINGSTON First Protestant Settlement In Mississippi Territory 1773.Dedicated 1955 by The National Society Of The Colonial Dames of America In The State Of Mississippi. — — Map (db m120264) HM
On April 18, 1825, General Lafayette visited Natchez, spoke on the Bluff, dined at The Steamboat Hotel & attended a ball at Traveller's Lodge. — — Map (db m192867) HM
[Top plaque]
Presented to
the Pilgrimage Garden Club
Natchez Mississippi
by the Kelly E. McAdams Foundation
Austin, Texas
1970
[Bottom plaque] Longwood has been designated a Registered National Historic Landmark under . . . — — Map (db m243661) HM
The photograph of the 1946 Brumfield High School Choral. Club, taken in the front yard of Brumfield, provides the best image of the Louis Winston House on the left. The house unfortunately burned in the 1990s. The house on the right, which still . . . — — Map (db m114661) HM
Explored, 1540-1, by De Soto. Colonized first by French, 1699. Became a colony of British, 1763; Spanish, 1779. Territory organized by U.S., 1798. Became 20th. state, 1817. — — Map (db m103799) HM
Natchez postmaster John Hankinson built Monmouth on two adjacent, 15-acre tracts, in 1818. He named his estate after his place of origin in Monmouth County, New Jersey. Monmouth was sold in 1826, to John A. Quitman. Quitman, born in New York, lived . . . — — Map (db m243751) HM
The original church was located on Montgomery Plantation when it burned down during the civil rights movement of 1963. It was rebuilt at this site in 1964. — — Map (db m136946) HM
Alexander Lightfoot "Papa George" Papa George Lightfoot [1924-1971], he lived down the street from the alley I came up in, down on St. Catherine Street....He was a hustler, he had a snowball wagon, he sold peanuts. He would blow his harp . . . — — Map (db m108160) HM
First settled by French, 1716-29. Lasting growth came with Britain, 1763-1779, and Spain, 1779-98. Cotton and trade made it commercial and cultural capital of Old South. — — Map (db m4479) HM
Here passed, in 1543, De Soto’s men under Moscoso. In 1682 La Salle and De Tonti here visited the Natchez Indians. In 1716 Bienville here built Fort Rosalie and established a French settlement. In 1763 the fort was ceded to the English and renamed . . . — — Map (db m87167) HM
The Harper family mansion had a spectacular view of the river from the bluff. The construction of the railroad and related development made its land valuable for commerce, and the house and its garden were destroyed to build a large warehouse (no . . . — — Map (db m104673) HM
On March 12, 1816, a group of prominent women in the Natchez area formed the "Female Charitable Society.” Their goal was to house, educate, and care for children who had been orphaned within the Mississippi Territory. The Society established and . . . — — Map (db m214750) HM
Established in 1822 on a ten acre tract, this cemetery grew into a park notable for its variety of 19th century iron and marble work. People of all walks of life are buried within the cemetery. — — Map (db m50659) HM
The Deacons for Defense and Justice armed themselves in self-defense as a response to the attempted murder of local NAACP president George Metcalfe, whose car was bombed by the Ku Klux Klan in 1965. The first meeting of the Natchez Deacons was . . . — — Map (db m116326) HM
The National Guard patrolled St. Catherine Street on September 3, 1965, not long after the August 27 bombing that nearly killed George Metcalfe, president of the local chapter of the Natchez Association for the Advancement of Colored People . . . — — Map (db m115639) HM
This house played a pivotal role in the civil
rights movement, serving as headquarters for
the local NAACP and the home of its president.
George Metcalfe. During Freedom Summer of 1964,
when civil rights workers converged on the state.
members . . . — — Map (db m226608) HM
Civil War Natchez In 1860, Natchez was one of the wealthiest cities in the United States. Within the surrounding Adams County, population 19,000, nearly 70 percent were enslaved. A few individuals held the vast majority of those slaves. . . . — — Map (db m143536) HM
William Johnson House 210 State Street The William Johnson House site consists of the Johnson home and kitchen, and the adjoining McCallum House. William Johnson, born a slave in 1809, was freed at age eleven and later became a . . . — — Map (db m137168) HM
On May 8, 1840, one of the deadliest tornadoes in American history struck Natchez and killed about 300 people. Most of the dead were boatmen and passengers on steamboats docked at the waterfront. The city was already suffering from the economic . . . — — Map (db m143132) HM
For most of the 1800s, the prime mover of commerce and passengers on the Mississippi River was the steamboat, which was invented by Robert Fulton in 1807. The combination of the steamboat, the cotton gin, and improved strains of cotton . . . — — Map (db m143122) HM
In 1972, archaeologists found evidence of several Natchez Indian houses in this area. In some cases, house floors were superimposed on one another indicating repeated use of these locations. The excavations revealed two different types of houses . . . — — Map (db m114671) HM
After the American Revolution, frontiersmen from the Ohio Valley carried their products down stream to Spanish controlled New Orleans and Natchez.
Returning home, boatmen followed a series of Indian trails from Natchez to Nashville—trails . . . — — Map (db m87224) HM
Side 1The rich legacy of blues, jazz, and gospel in Natchez has often been obscured by the tragic shadow of the notorious Rhythm Club fire that claimed some 200 lives here in 1940. Alexander “Papa George” Lightfoot was one of the . . . — — Map (db m105233) HM
An outstanding example of Colonial Revival architecture, Ravennaside, built 1902, was the home of Roane Fleming Byrnes (1890-1970) and headquarters for her efforts in the creation and development of the Natchez Trace Parkway, the 444-mile National . . . — — Map (db m103821) HM
This tablet was erected in memory of those who lost their lives in the Rhythm Club Fire April 23, 1940
Inez Adams•
St. Elmo Adams•
Marjorie Alexander•
Susie Alexander•
Juanita Avery•
Bessie Lee Mont. Banks•
Joe Barnes•
Walter J. . . . — — Map (db m226719) HM
On April 23, 1940, 209 African Americans died in a fire at the Rhythm Club, located at this site. An overflow crowd, which included civic and cultural leaders, had come to hear the Walter Barnes Orchestra of Chicago. Considered among America's most . . . — — Map (db m103794) HM
Noted African-American author of Native Son and Black Boy was born in 1908 near Natchez, where he spent his early childhood. His lifelong quest for freedom led him to Paris, France, where he died in 1960. — — Map (db m10059) HM
Childhood home of noted American author Richard Wright, while he lived with grandparents Richard and Margaret Wilson in the Woodlawn neighborhood. Author of "Native Son" and "Black Boy", Wright was born outside Natchez in rural Adams County in 1908. . . . — — Map (db m170486) HM
Richard Nathaniel Wright was born in Roxie, near Natchez, in 1908.
In his youth, he suffered poverty, racism, and being shuffled between
an orphanage and the homes of relatives. In Jackson, he was
valedictorian of his class at Smith Robertson . . . — — Map (db m193094) HM
In the early 1700s, a road began here and connected the Grand Village with the French colonial settlement on the Mississippi River bluff near what is now downtown Natchez.In 1723, French mapmaker Ignace Broutin produced a remarkably detailed map of . . . — — Map (db m111076) HM
This marker is placed as a memorial to those early settlers of Natchez whose buried remains were discovered here during the Natchez Bluffs Stabilization Project in 1999. This bluff was originally part of the property purchased on December 22, 1820, . . . — — Map (db m50696) HM
Rose Hill is the oldest black baptist congregation in the state, with origins dating to 1837. This 1908 building replaces the first wooden church and contains a 1912 Moller pipe organ. Randle Pollard was the first official pastor, serving from . . . — — Map (db m105229) HM
In memory of the Afro-American Experience in Natchez
Adams County Mississippi of segregated schools for
black children. Our treatment was second class at best,
but our principals and teachers were first class in their
guidance and values. Full . . . — — Map (db m224619) HM
S. ½ mi. is grave of orator & statesman who came from Maine to Natchez in 1827 & won fame in law & politics, serving with distinction in legislature & in Congress. — — Map (db m103801) HM
The Spanish built Silver Street about 1790 to connect the town to the riverfront below. In the 1800s, Natchez Under-the-Hill was a major port on the Mississippi River. Natchez exported and imported agricultural goods, with cotton being . . . — — Map (db m127108) HM
Chartered in 1809 as the only bank in Mississippi Territory and given a monopoly as the official state bank in 1818. It occupied this site in 1826 but was supplanted by Planters' Bank in 1831. Closed solvent. — — Map (db m70854) HM
Erected 1807. Launer Blackman, Elder. Caleb W. Cloud Pastor. Trustees: Launer Blackman, Newit Vick, Reuben Gibson, W. Foster, Phillip Gorral, David Lattimore. This tablet placed 1935 by Jubilee Circle of W.M.S Jefferson St. Ch. — — Map (db m97262) HM
William St. John Elliot, a wealthy planter, died in
1855. He willed his mansion. D'Evereux Hall, to the
Catholic church to become a boys' orphanage. His
widow, Anna Elliot, who wanted the house to remain
in her family, purchased the estate from . . . — — Map (db m226716) HM
Ida McGuire Gillespie (left) and Odille Angelety grew up across the street from each other on St. Catherine Street and were lifelong friends. Odille never married and had a long distinguished career as a teacher at nearby Brumfield High School. An . . . — — Map (db m114291) HM
Venomous Snakes of Adams County Venomous Snakes of Adams County Watch where you walk! Adams County is home to five species of venomous snakes: the Copperhead, Eastern Cottonmouth, Eastern Coral Snake, and the Canebrake and Pygmy Rattlesnakes. . . . — — Map (db m114651)
Following acquisition of the Natchez District in 1779, the Spanish founded the City of Natchez ca.1790 to serve as the capital. Under Governor Manuel Gayoso, the city was planned and surveyed by John Girault in a typical Spanish grid plan around a . . . — — Map (db m10058) HM
In the early 1700's, French colonists established a plantation called the "St. Catherine Concession" on this creek about two miles upstream from the Grand Village. The name was applied to the creek during the French colonial period in the Natchez . . . — — Map (db m106308) HM
On January 21, 1905, a number of families from struggling farming communities near Bologna, Italy, left Genoa bound for New York aboard the S.S. Montevideo. Many of these families ventured south, some settling in this area near St. . . . — — Map (db m105231) HM
John J. Nosser, Mayor of Natchez from 1962 to 1968, was born in Lebanon in 1899 and immigrated to the United States in 1919. Mississippi welcomed a number of Lebanese immigrants who became some of the most successful businessmen in their . . . — — Map (db m114458) HM
Seamstress Laura Davis made the lavish dress and train worn by Cassell Carpenter when she was Pilgrimage Garden Club Queen in 1966. Carpenter posed in the parlor of her home Dunleith for local photographer Mabel Lane, the city's most popular . . . — — Map (db m115935) HM
In 1837 Natchez was designated the See of the Roman Catholic Church in Mississippi. In 1842 Bishop J. M. Chanche began construction of this structure, the only church built as a cathedral in Mississippi. — — Map (db m103791) HM
Jewish Americans have been part of Mississippi’s economic, social and political life since the 1780’s. In 1843, the Jewish community of Natchez grew large enough to organize and sustain the state’s first permanent religious congregation, Temple . . . — — Map (db m79345) HM
The will of William Barland, a wealthy planter and downtown property owner, disclosed an interesting domestic relationship that has long intrigued historians. Proven in 1816, the will legally acknowledged Barland's relationship with "friend and . . . — — Map (db m115928) HM
Following the French and Indian War, as a result of the Treaty of Paris of 1763, England acquired French Canada and Spanish Florida. The British divided Florida into two provinces, East and West Florida, which included the southern half of . . . — — Map (db m138691) HM
During the 1600s and 1700s, Spain, France and Great Britain established outposts for commerce, defense, and settlement in North America. French explorers sought to claim and control North America by using the Great Lakes and the . . . — — Map (db m137184) HM
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