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Historical Markers and War Memorials in Fairfax County, Virginia
Adjacent to Fairfax County, Virginia
▶ Alexandria(297) ▶ Arlington County(373) ▶ Fairfax(39) ▶ Falls Church(50) ▶ Loudoun County(252) ▶ Prince William County(517) ▶ Washington, D.C.(1954) ▶ Charles County, Maryland(142) ▶ Montgomery County, Maryland(525) ▶ Prince George's County, Maryland(524)
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When George Washington surveyed the future site of Alexandria in 1749, he described this area as a “fine improvable marsh.” Do you think that ideas about improving marshlands have changed since Washington's time? How can we improve . . . — — Map (db m108523)
Nearly 300 different kinds of birds find food, shelter, or a rest stop in Dyke Marsh. Birds that migrate thousands of miles along the Atlantic Flyway rest here on their way to winter homes in the Caribbean, Central America, and South America. . . . — — Map (db m108487)
Your body has a heart and blood vessels to carry nutrients to your tissues, lungs to breathe, kidneys to filter out pollutants, and skin to protect you. When you look closely at Dyke Marsh, you can find natural systems that do all the same things. . . . — — Map (db m108522)
Battery Sater and Other Defensive Tactics Fort Hunt became fully armed as a coastal defense installation upon completion of Battery Sater, the last of the four gun batteries. Battery Sater also served as a command center for mines placed in . . . — — Map (db m41177) HM
In 1929, Airway Beacon No. 55, a pilot’s navigation aid, was installed on this site owned by W.F.P. Reid. Beacon Field is named for the beacon tower. Under the Civilian Pilot Training Program established in 1938, Ashburn Flying Service trained . . . — — Map (db m69516) HM
An area that was part of Washington's perimeter defenses established by the Union Army after the disaster of the Battle of Manassas (First Bull Run) — — Map (db m154463) HM
According to tradition, the earliest congregation, which would become the Bethlehem Baptist Church, was organized circa 1863 by Samuel K. Taylor, a former slave, who preached in the homes of the African-American residents of Gum Springs. Shortly . . . — — Map (db m100708) HM
In addition to its use as a coastal defense during the Spanish-American War, Fort Hunt served further military purposes in later years. During World War II, the military transported enemy prisoners here in unmarked, windowless buses, literally . . . — — Map (db m41176) HM
The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), originally designed as a New Deal Program under the administration of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, provided work for young men during the Depression Era, a time of excessive unemployment. From . . . — — Map (db m41173) HM
Nearby at John Mathew’s land on Hunting Creek, Governor William Berkeley constructed a fort authorized by the Virginia House of Burgesses on 21 Sept. 1674. Militiamen from Lancaster, Middlesex and Northumberland Counties garrisoned the fort under . . . — — Map (db m775) HM
During the Civil War, the U.S. Army constructed a series of forts and artillery batteries around Washington to protect it from Confederate attack. Forts O’Rourke, Weed, Farnsworth, and Lyon stood just to the north, and Fort Willard which still . . . — — Map (db m2330) HM
After Virginia seceded from the Union on April 17, 1861 the District of Columbia was on the dangerous border between the divided states. Because of the city’s importance, the Union Army immediately occupied Northern Virginia, which allowed troops to . . . — — Map (db m47967) HM
Cool Breezes on the hilltop provide relief form the summer heat and tempt you to relax while taking in the expansive view. From the top you can see Maryland, Ft. Belvoir and the forested oasis of Huntley Meadows Park. In years past, the . . . — — Map (db m127850) HM
Welcome to Fort Hunt Park. The concrete platform in front of you, Battery Mount Vernon, once held a set of heavy guns designed to protect Washington, D.C. from naval attack. In 1885, Secretary of War William C. Endicott chaired a commission that . . . — — Map (db m41175) HM
In this vicinity stood Fort Lyon, the major fortification on the left flank of the Federal defenses guarding the city of Washington during the Civil War. Named in honor of Brig. Gen. Nathaniel Lyon, the fort covered an area of nine acres with its . . . — — Map (db m154523) HM
Fort Willard Park contains significant earthworks and archaeological remains of a fort built in 1862 by the Union Army. It was one of 63 forts that were built surrounding the District of Columbia during the Civil War as part of the Defenses of . . . — — Map (db m154524) HM
Gum Springs, an African-American community, originated here on a 214-acre farm bought in 1833 by West Ford (ca. 1785-1863), a freed man, skilled carpenter, and manager of the Mount Vernon estate. The freedman’s school begun here in 1867 at Bethlehem . . . — — Map (db m952) HM
A 1784 brick house, spring house, and a designed landscape showcase the unique 1942 collaboration of two American masters of design, Walter Macomber and Beatrix Farrand. Green Spring is the only known place where both designers' work is extant. . . . — — Map (db m33710) HM
In the distance is Jones Point, designated as the southern corner of the District of Columbia by President George Washington. In 1790 Congress established the nation’s capital with a ten-mile square of land ceded by Virginia and Maryland. Alexandria . . . — — Map (db m154908) HM
Virginia's first airport permit was granted to Elvin W. Robertson's Hybla Valley Airport in February 1929. As President of Mount Vernon Airways, he utilized the airfield as a site for barnstorming and air circuses. Robertson, Fairfax Supervisor . . . — — Map (db m53880) HM
Fort Hunt played a key role in military development and defense. It was used as a major fortification during the Spanish-American War, as a logistical/training support center during peacetime, and as a military installation during WWI and WWII. . . . — — Map (db m41172) HM
The Washington family land south of here, named Mount Vernon in the 1740s, was part of a grant made in 1677 by the Northern Neck proprietors to Col. Nicholas Spencer and Lt. Col. John Washington. George Washington’s great-grandfather. John . . . — — Map (db m794) HM
The original Mount Vernon High School was located here on 8.8 acres that were once part of George Washington's Mount Vernon estate. Fairfax County purchased the land for $400 per acre in November 1938. Construction funding was provided by Fairfax . . . — — Map (db m100772) HM
This flagpole is dedicated to the veterans of P.O. Box 1142 who served this country as members of two military intelligence service (MIS) programs during World War II. Their top secret work here at Fort Hunt not only contributed to the allied . . . — — Map (db m71583) HM
American Indians occupied the region at least 13,000 years ago. They hunted game and gathered nature's bounty while residing in temporary seasonal camps. Approximately 3,000 years ago, they began to grow crops and establish permanent villages. . . . — — Map (db m41174) HM
Fort Hunt, part of a national park known as the George Washington Memorial Parkway, reflects the history of Virginia and the nation. Places along the Parkway represent outstanding examples of cultural landscapes; historical, architectural, and . . . — — Map (db m115809) HM
Saint Mark's Episcopal Church is one of several congregations that evolved from the efforts of nineteenth century students from the Virginia Theological Seminary in Alexandria. The first congregation met at the original Groveton Schoolhouse on . . . — — Map (db m42387) HM
On September 28, 1863, Confederate Maj. John S. Mosby raided the house that stood nearby on the bluff at the end of May Boulevard. The day before, Mosby and eight of his men road from Fauquier County toward Alexandria, where Mosby planned to capture . . . — — Map (db m67535) HM
The thirteen adjacent elms representing the thirteen original colonies were planted in commemoration of the bicentennial celebration of George Washington’s birth and to revere the ancient and honorable artillery company of Massachusetts organized . . . — — Map (db m939) HM
These trees were planted in commemoration of the eight Presidents of the United States who were sons of Virginia.
George Washington, 1789-1797
• Thomas Jefferson, 1801-1809
• James Madison, 1809-1817
• James Monroe, 1817-1825
• Wm. . . . — — Map (db m814) HM
To commemorate the 250th anniversary of the birth of George Washington the citizens of the original Washington, Tyne and Wear, England present to the people of the United States 250 trees planted along the Mount Vernon Memorial Highway. . . . — — Map (db m940) HM
Hybla Valley
From Dream to Flight School
This section of Historic Route 1 boasted two private airfields that began operations in the mid 1920’s. When Dr. Hugo Eckener and First Officer Captain Ernst Lehmann flew the Graf Zeppelin . . . — — Map (db m68104) HM
Here, 400 years ago, the Piscataway tribe fed themselves on fish and waterfowl. In the early 1800s, Virginia farmers built retaining walls, called dykes, to drain this marsh and make farmland. The dykes proved too hard to keep intact. Without dyles, . . . — — Map (db m117252) HM
The United States engaged in World War II (WWII) at home and on foreign soil. With formal entry of the United States into WWII, the Military Intelligence Service (MIS) began two top-secret programs, known as MIS-Y and MIS-X, at Fort Hunt. Under the . . . — — Map (db m41161) HM
The roadbed for the unfinished Manassas Gap Railroad was located in this immediate area and crossed Indian Run creek in Poe Terrace Park. The stone bridge abutments are still visible. Financial problems caused work to stop on the railroad in 1857, . . . — — Map (db m33512) HM
The Gooding Tavern served Little River Turnpike travelers and stagecoach passengers from 1807-1879 and was famous for “the best fried chicken” and “peaches and honey.” For the community, the tavern served as a social and . . . — — Map (db m44097) HM
Ilda, a community located at the intersection of
Guinea Road and Little River Turnpike, came into existence after the Civil War and lasted into the first half of the twentieth century. It originated when two freedmen, Horace Gibson and Moses . . . — — Map (db m37906) HM
The earliest private turnpike charter in Virginia was granted by the General Assembly to the Company of the Fairfax and Loudoun Turnpike Road in 1796. By 1806 the 34-mile-long road connected Alexandria with Aldie on the Little River in Loudoun . . . — — Map (db m7374) HM
During the Civil War, Confederate Col. J. E.B. Stuart used Mason’s Hill and nearby Munson’s Hill as outposts for the First Virginia Cavalry from late July to the end of Sept. 1861. Capt. Edward Porter Alexander of the Signal Corps established a . . . — — Map (db m6926) HM
Shortly before 5 A.M. on Wednesday, 24 August 1864, Lt. Col. John Singleton Mosby with about 300 Confederate Rangers and two field artillery pieces opened fire from the west side of the Accotink Creek valley on a Union stockade located in Annandale. . . . — — Map (db m35281) HM
At the intersection of Backlick and Braddock Roads stood Price's Ordinary, established by David Price about 1773 and remaining in operation until 1802. Price's offered refreshment and shelter for travelers and a common meeting place for local . . . — — Map (db m20895) HM
This Model 1905 three inch field gun
saw service in the Mexican Campaign
against Pancho Villa, and was
originally obtained by a local veterans
organization during the mid-1950s.
In the early 1980s, American Legion
Bicentennial Post 1976, . . . — — Map (db m6919) HM
Virginia aristocrat William Fitzhugh was granted 21,996 acres in 1694: The Ravensworth tract, which was divided into northern and southern halves in 1701 and subsequently subdivided among Fitzhugh heirs throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. The . . . — — Map (db m617) HM
At the turn of the 20th century, a close-knit African American community was established here. The Johnson, Robinson, Sprigg and Collins families were the first to purchase lots. They cleared pine trees to enable truck farming and saw mill . . . — — Map (db m100807) HM
After the First Battle of Manassas, Confederate troops led by Col. J.E.B. Stuart occupied nearby Munson's and Mason's Hills from late July until they abandoned their position about 29 Sept. 1861. Confederate troops fought skirmishers of the Union 2d . . . — — Map (db m5926) HM
On 4 December 1861, fifty-five men of the 3rd New Jersey Infantry, Col. George W. Taylor commanding, set an ambush nearby in retaliation for attacks on Union pickets. They stretched two telegraph wires across Braddock Road at the eastern end of a . . . — — Map (db m72404) HM
Burke Station was raided in December, 1862, by Confederate General J.E.B. Stuart. It was from this site, originally Burke Station Depot, that he sent his famous telegram to Union Quartermaster General Meigs complaining of the poor quality of the . . . — — Map (db m12) HM
After the Battle of Fredericksburg in December 1862, most of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia settled into winter quarters except for Gen. J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry, which instead went on the move. Wade Hampton, Fitzhugh Lee, . . . — — Map (db m83049) HM
During the Civil War, African American laborers chopped wood and conveyed it to Burke’s Station, a major Federal timber transportation station located here on the Orange & Alexandria Railroad. To supply the Union army and engineers with timber for . . . — — Map (db m88520) HM
In 1897 Henry Copperthite, a Georgetown businessman, purchased Silas Burke’s farm. In 1907 he constructed, according to a newspaper account, the “very best” harness racing facility “of its kind in the country.” The . . . — — Map (db m93999) HM
Walls of this structure are approximately 18 inches thick and were filled with sawdust for proper insulation during the summer heat and winter cold. The primary use of this building was to store ice throughout the seasons before the innovation of . . . — — Map (db m129160) HM
Dedicated
to the memory of
Lt. Col. Dennis Johnson
and
Charles Sabin
who lost their lives during
the attack on the Pentagon
September 11, 2001 — — Map (db m129155) WM
On this site stood Lee Chapel, a Methodist Episcopal Church, built 1871 and named in honor of General Robert E. Lee. Lee Chapel replaced Mount Carmel Church which had been located at Ox Road and present day Lee Chapel Road and had been destroyed by . . . — — Map (db m11) HM
This post office was originally located next to Rudy Shields Insurance Agency, more recently known as the State Farm Insurance Agency. It was located in the center of Burke and was a vital part of the community. With the support of Fairfax County . . . — — Map (db m129161) HM
Here lived Lt. Col. Silas Burke (b.1796–d.1854) and his wife, Hannah Coffer. Burke, for whom Burke's Station on the Orange and Alexandria Railroad was named, served as a director of the railroad and the Fairfax Turnpike Company. An innkeeper . . . — — Map (db m42) HM
Built ca. 1876 for Huldah Coffer, this house was constructed on farmland that had been in the locally prominent Coffer family since the 18th century. Widowed at age 22, Coffer became a farmer, growing wheat, oats, and Indian corn and raising a . . . — — Map (db m86180) HM
The historic home at 9617 Burke Lake Rd. was the residence of Lieutenant Colonel Silas Burke, his wife, Hanna Coffer Burke, and their two children. Silas Burke had this house built close to the time of his marriage in 1824. Burke was a successful . . . — — Map (db m129159) HM
It is estimated that this windmill was erected in the late 1800s and provided fresh water to the house. A long rod was connected from the top of the windmill to a large well underneath. As wind blew, the windmill would rotate and the rod would slide . . . — — Map (db m129158) HM
This structure was used for several purposes through the years following the abolition of slavery, with the primary purpose of storing wood. It is the only one standing out of seven slave houses that were original to the property. Some of the beams . . . — — Map (db m129157) HM
In the fall of 1861, after their July defeat at Manassas (Bull Run), Union forces retreated to Washington, D.C. to organize and retrain. Confederate forces concentrated in Centreville to bolster their defense of Northern Virginia and protect access . . . — — Map (db m8028) HM
Tavern Landscape
Archaeologists explored the tavern lot and discovered the tavern foundation, an outbuilding’s stone foundation, a small brick foundation, the privy foundation, and a number of trash pits. The tavern’s cellar foundation was . . . — — Map (db m71321) HM
Located 40 ft. south of this location is the Flagler and Forsyth Family Cemetery, 1866. ————— Located 80 ft. to the north is a Civil War Fortification, 1861- 1862. This was a part of a large military complex that . . . — — Map (db m15004) HM
On July 18, 1861, Gen. Irvin McDowell, the Union army commander, learned that the Confederate army had withdrawn from its Centreville earthworks to a strong defensive position behind Bull Run. McDowell ordered Gen. Daniel Tyler to reconnoiter the . . . — — Map (db m42643) HM
By the early summer of 1861, Americans in both the North and South greeted the outbreak of war with patriotism and expectations of a quick decisive battle to end the conflict. In the North, the public clamored for immediate invasion to crush the . . . — — Map (db m42644) HM
Seven miles south is Manassas, where Jackson, on his turning movement around Pope, destroyed vast quantities of supplies, August 26–27, 1862. Hill and Ewell of Jackson's force, coming from Manassas, reached Centreville on their way to . . . — — Map (db m411) HM
Destroyed during the Civil War. Rebuilt 1870. This Marker Presented in Memory of Martha Elliott Saunders by Her Children Otto Frank and Martha 1939
The Edifice Became the Anglican Church of the Ascension on December 23, 1973. — — Map (db m117176) HM
In October 1861, nearly 40,000 troops of the Confederate Army encamped at Centreville. Over the winter they constructed approximately 17 miles of forts, trenches, rifle pits and batteries along the ridge from Centreville to Union Mills and between . . . — — Map (db m531) HM
In the winter of 1861-1862, Centreville was the linchpin of extensive fortifications erected by Confederate troops to protect their winter quarters and block anticipated Union advances. The earthworks stretched nearly eight miles south and west of . . . — — Map (db m679) HM
Here while the Confederate army camped at Centreville, Gen. Joseph E. Johnston built strong fortifications in the winter of 1861–1862. In Feb. 1862, President Jefferson Davis ordered Johnston to evacuate them and move his army closer to . . . — — Map (db m412) HM
Naming of Newgate Before the town of Centreville was created in 1792, the area was named after places in London. Newgate Tavern may have been named after the infamous Newgate Prison. A property adjacent to the tavern was called Wapping after a . . . — — Map (db m71304) HM
Fairfax County. Area 417 square miles. Formed in 1742 from Prince William and Loudoun, and named for Lord Fairfax, Proprietor of the Northern Neck. Mount Vernon, George Washington's home, is in this county.
Prince William County Area 345 . . . — — Map (db m166336) HM
In the afternoon of 21 July 1861, after Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's and Brig. Gen. P. G. T. Beauregard's Confederates defeated Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell's Union army, the bridge over Cub Run was jammed with retreating Federal soldiers as well as . . . — — Map (db m413) HM
McDowell gathered his forces here, July 18, 1861, to attack Beauregard, who lay west of Bull Run. From here a part of the Union army moved north to cross Bull Run and turn the Confederate left wing, July 21, 1861. This movement brought on the battle. — — Map (db m40320) HM
The roadbed of the Independent Line of the Manassas Gap Railroad ran through this area. Conceived to extend the Manassas Gap Railroad from Gainesville to Alexandria, grading on this part of the line began in September 1854. The nearby stone bridge . . . — — Map (db m655) HM
Half a mile west is the terminus of the Centreville Military Railroad, the first railroad in the world constructed exclusively for military purposes. Built by the Confederate army late in 1861 because of impassable roads, it supplied the soldiers in . . . — — Map (db m887) HM
In Memory of
Minnie Minter Carter Saunders
A resident of Centreville area from 1884 to 1983. This building was constructed in 1937 using stone from Four Chimney House, also know as Grigsby House, believed to have been built by James . . . — — Map (db m114076) HM
Mount Gilead, built in the second half of the 18th century, is the sole survivor of Newgate village, a colonial settlement and trading center, renamed Centreville in 1792, when an act of the Virginia assembly gave it town status. Presenting an . . . — — Map (db m529) HM
In June 1994, a well-preserved male skeleton was found buried in a then-wooded area a few yards in front of you and reported to authorities. Remnants of a woolen uniform jacket with military-style brass buttons covered the upper half of the remains. . . . — — Map (db m134315) HM
The Tavern
William Carr Lane established the Newgate Tavern ca. 1768 on what was then a main route to the west. In the early 1800s, the tavern (renamed the Eagle Tavern) had a hallway and four spacious rooms on the first floor and large . . . — — Map (db m69038) HM
Here, where the Warrenton Turnpike turned west from Braddock Road, the Union army marched from Centreville to meet Confederate forces in the first great battle of the Civil War on July 21, 1861. The afternoon, Union soldiers passed by here again, . . . — — Map (db m166337) HM
Confederate forces constructed this defense bunker in the winter of 1861. The bunker site was chosen due to the relatively high elevation of the Centreville area and it's excellent vantage. Confederate forces held the bunker from the time of its . . . — — Map (db m15301) HM
Following the disastrous defeat at the First Battle of Manassas on July 21, 1861, the Union army retreated toward Centreville late in the afternoon with Confederate forces in pursuit. Thousands of Federal soldiers converged simultaneously at the . . . — — Map (db m75727) HM
Here Pope gathered his forces, August 30–31, 1862. From this point he detached troops to check Jackson at Ox Hill while the Union army retreated to the defenses at Alexandria. — — Map (db m410) HM
Passing armies occupied and fortified Centreville, positioned between Washington, D.C., and Manassas Junction, beginning in July 1861 when Confederate and Union forces met during the war’s first significant campaign. As American and British . . . — — Map (db m57135) HM
A War-Torn Landmark
As the scene of the opening shots of the First Battle of Manassas and the retreat of Federals from the Second Battle of Manassas, the Stone Bridge witnessed the ebb and flow of Union fortune and misfortune in the two . . . — — Map (db m152390) HM
These are the remains of the Centreville Confederate Military Railroad built in the fall and early winter of 1861 for the purpose of transporting supplies to the field armies of Generals Pierre G. T. Beauregard and Joseph Johnston. The railroad ran . . . — — Map (db m42608) HM
Under cover of darkness, the defeated Union army withdrew toward Centreville, four miles to the east. The troops crossed Bull Run on a makeshift wooden span, constructed several months earlier by Union engineers using the remaining bridge abutments. . . . — — Map (db m88720) HM
It's a full-size, astronomically accurate replica of the outer ring of Stonehenge made entirely of styrofoam. It was created by artist Mark Cline of Enchanted Castle Studio in 2004, and originally stood in Natural Bridge, VA. Foamhenge underwent . . . — — Map (db m141625) HM
The Battle of Chantilly (Ox Hill) took place here 1 September, 1862. Union General John Pope's Army, retreating after defeat by Lee at Second Manassas, clashed with Jackson's divisions which were attempting to prevent Pope from reaching Washington. . . . — — Map (db m55932) HM
The community of Chantilly, Virginia was named after the Chantilly mansion built by Charles and Cornelia Calvert Stuart on this site about 1817. The name “Chantilly” originated in France with the Château de Chantilly, just north of . . . — — Map (db m53620) HM
Clover Hill, the residence of Alexander Turley, was built near here ca. 1823 on a high point of Turley's 450-acre farm. The two-story brick house featured Alexander Turley's initials incorporated into the chimney using glazed bricks. Slave cabins . . . — — Map (db m95088) HM
This road, along which many of his skirmishes took place, is named for Colonel John Singleton Mosby, commander of the 43rd Battalion of Confederate Partisan Rangers. Their activities in this area helped keep the Confederate cause alive in Northern . . . — — Map (db m2669) HM
The Society was founded in 2006 to celebrate and preserve the history of the North American Aviation (NAA) F-100 "Super Sabre" and the people who flew and operated it through the aircraft's lifetime, during a critical period of the Cold . . . — — Map (db m143127) HM
Dedicated to all the F-86 pilots who, though heavily outnumbered, battled for and took control of the air over North Korea during the Korean War.
When the first MiG-15s appeared in the skies over North Korea in late 1950, they were vastly . . . — — Map (db m143129) HM
This building’s exterior is a reproduction of a tavern built on this site in 1807 by Harrison McAtee. This location, on a section of the Little River Turnpike that opened in December 1806, was advantageous for farmers conveying goods from western . . . — — Map (db m104247) HM
This building is a reproduction of a typical "Potomac Valley Farmhouse" built at this location circa 1789 by Benjamin Mitchell. It was one and a half story log house, with a sloping front roof extending over a porch, which in time became a community . . . — — Map (db m109) HM
Union Loyalists at the Stewart Farm Eleanor Stewart and her son Charles, who lived in a house on this site during the Civil War, were Union Loyalists in an area dominated by Southern supporters. Their neighbors called them “Yankees.” . . . — — Map (db m53662) HM
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