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North Carolina Civil War Trails Historical Markers

 
By Dave Twamley, July 4, 2011
Johnston Moves West Marker
1 North Carolina, Alamance County, Burlington — Johnston Moves West — Logisticians at Work — Carolinas Campaign —
(Preface) The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush . . . Map (db m222825) HM
2 North Carolina, Alamance County, Burlington — Occaneechi in the Service — Piedmont Indians in the Civil War
When North Carolina passed laws in 1833 to restrict the rights of free blacks; they also limited the rights of Indians. In old Orange (later Alamance) County, many Occaneechi Indians including Dixon Corn, Jesse Jeffries, Enoch Jones, and Andrew . . . Map (db m168278) HM
3 North Carolina, Alamance County, Burlington — The Regulators' Field — A Lesson for the Defeated — Carolinas Campaign —
(Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began of February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush . . . Map (db m42335) HM
4 North Carolina, Alamance County, Burlington, Alamance — Johnston Moves West — Holt's Mill — Carolinas Campaign —
(Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began of February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to . . . Map (db m222726) HM
5 North Carolina, Alamance County, Graham — Johnston Moves West — Ruffin Mills — Carolinas Campaign —
(Preface) The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush . . . Map (db m46022) HM
6 North Carolina, Alamance County, Haw River — Nathaniel Polk DeShong — The Southern Diaspora
Nathaniel Polk DeShong descended from Huguenot immigrants who settled near the Haw River about a mile and a half north of here. He enlisted on June 21, 1861, at 17 years of age under Capt. James W. Lea “for the War” in the 6th North Carolina State . . . Map (db m222823) HM
7 North Carolina, Alamance County, Mebane — Johnston Moves West — Hardee's Column — Carolinas Campaign — Reported missing
(Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush . . . Map (db m211213) HM
8 North Carolina, Alamance County, Snow Camp — Cane Creek Meeting House — Suffering for Peace
The Quakers (Society of Friends) were early anti-slavery supporters of the Underground Railroad. Once the war erupted and Alamance County residents chose sides, supporters of the Confederacy regarded the Friends as Unionists. Never attacked directly . . . Map (db m45538) HM
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9 North Carolina, Alamance County, Snow Camp — Freedom Hill Church — No Slaveholder can be a Christian!
A mile south of here is the site of Freedom Hill Wesleyan Methodist Church, a simple frame building that measured 27 by 36 feet and was dedicated in March 1848. When local residents sent a plea for a minister to the Wesleyans in Ohio in 1847, the . . . Map (db m46020) HM
10 North Carolina, Alamance County, Snow Camp — Micajah McPherson — We have Fought the Good Fight and Kept Our Faith
Micajah McPherson, a trustee of Freedom Hill Wesleyan Methodist Church and abolitionist, was lynched about a mile and a half southeast of here. Although there are different stories about his lynching, they agree that he was an innocent man lynched . . . Map (db m46021) HM
11 North Carolina, Avery County, Banner Elk — Banner Elk — Unionist Haven
In 1860 Banner Elk was a small community in the mountains of Watauga County (present-day Avery County). Then called Banner’s Elk, it was named for the local Banner family and the Elk River. During the last years of the Civil War, an organized system . . . Map (db m77533) HM
12 North Carolina, Avery County, Elk Park — Cranberry Iron Mine — Iron for the Confederacy
During the Civil War, natural resources such as salt, lead, and iron were highly prized commodities in the Confederacy. The government relied especially on small rural ironworks to manufacture cannons, swords, and firearms. Ruben White first mined . . . Map (db m77479) HM
13 North Carolina, Avery County, Linville — A Woman of War — Sarah Malinda Blalock
Sarah Malinda Blalock and her husband, William McKesson “Keith” Blalock, lived in Coffey’s Gap on the Watauga and Caldwell County line in 1860. Keith Blalock was an avowed Unionist, but with the passage of the first Confederate . . . Map (db m77492) HM
14 North Carolina, Beaufort County, Washington — Oakdale Cemetery — To Our Confederate Dead
After the Civil War, women’s associations throughout the South sought to gather the Confederate dead from battlefield burial sites and reinter the remains in proper cemeteries, while Confederate monuments were erected in courthouse squares and . . . Map (db m76917) HM
15 North Carolina, Beaufort County, Washington — Siege of Washington — March 30 - April 20, 1863
To protect Confederate supply lines and to gather much-need provisions in eastern North Carolina, Gen. Daniel H. Hill planned demonstrations against Union-occupied New Bern and Washington in March 1863. He acted under orders from Gen. James . . . Map (db m70502) HM
16 North Carolina, Beaufort County, Washington — Tranter's Creek — Brothers in Battle — Reported permanently removed
After Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside’s army captured Roanoke Island in February 1862, Federal troops occupied New Bern the next month and then secured the undefended town of Washington on March 20. Although several weeks passed with only a few . . . Map (db m211803) HM
17 North Carolina, Beaufort County, Washington — USS Picket — Battle of Washington
During the summer of 1862, Union forces firmly controlled eastern North Carolina, with garrisons stationed at Plymouth, Washington, New Bern and elsewhere. Federal detachments raided the countryside at will, while Confederate authorities struck . . . Map (db m64899) HM
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18 North Carolina, Bertie County, Windsor — Engagement at Windsor — Action on the Cashie River — Reported missing
To disrupt Confederate recruiting efforts here in Windsor, the Bertie County seat, three Federal transports steamed from Plymouth on the night of January 29, 1864, under U.S. Navy Lt. Cmdr. Charles W Flusser. USS Whitehead and USS . . . Map (db m60627) HM
19 North Carolina, Bertie County, Windsor — Engagement at Windsor — Action on the Cashie River — North Carolina Civil War Trails —
Windsor's residents slept peacefully the night of January 29-30, 1864, unaware of what the morning would bring, as U.S. Navy Lt. Cmdr. Charles W. Flusser led three gunboats their way to disrupt Confederate recruiting efforts. USS Massasoit . . . Map (db m226118) HM
20 North Carolina, Brunswick County, Southport — Fort Johnston — Guardian of the Cape Fear River — Confederate Lifeline —
On January 9, 1861, as secession fever swept the South, an armed body of civilians overwhelmed Fort Johnston’s lone occupant, Ordinance Sgt. James Reilly, and demanded the keys. Reilly quickly surrendered them and received a receipt in return. . . . Map (db m168569) HM
21 North Carolina, Brunswick County, Winnabow — Fort Anderson — One Shovelful at a Time — Confederate Lifeline —
In 1861–1862, Col. William Lamb and Maj. John Hedrick constructed Fort Anderson, one of several Confederate strongholds that protected Wilmington, a major blockade-running port. They enlarged Fort St. Philip (for St. Philip’s Anglican Church on your . . . Map (db m284189) HM
22 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Landsman Riley Powers — Mountain Sailor
Early in 1861, Buncombe County farmer William Riley Powers joined the Rough and Ready Guards (Co. F, 14th North Carolina Infantry). The regiment was assigned to southeastern Virginia. There, Confederate Gen. Benjamin Huger discharged Pvts. Powers . . . Map (db m75532) HM
23 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Smith-McDowell House — Our Businessman-Soldier
After John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859, new militia companies were formed in the South. Businessman William W. McDowell, whose wife acquired this house from her father’s and brother’s estates, raised a company called the . . . Map (db m75524) HM
24 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Asheville's Enslaved People — Wartime Servitude
When the war began, more than 15 percent of Buncombe County’s residents were enslaved people. James Patton housed slaves behind his Eagle Hotel (straight ahead), where they worked as waiter, maids, grooms, cooks, and trail guides. Three blocks to . . . Map (db m75507) HM
25 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Battery Porter — Napoleons on Stony Hill — Reported missing
Near the end of the Civil War in 1865, Confederate Battery Porter was positioned uphill to your right on Stony Hill, at that time the highest point in Asheville. The battery included four 12-pounder field pieces known as Napoleons, a model 1857 . . . Map (db m75505) HM
26 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — 1st U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery — "Ready to Take the Field" — Reported missing
Gen. Davis Tillson raised 1,700-man 1st U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery in Tennessee and North Carolina in 1864. The unit encamped nearby while garrisoned in Asheville in 1865. Assigned to Tillson's 2nd brigade, the men participated in operations in . . . Map (db m294918) HM
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27 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — Battle of Asheville — Kirby's Expedition
On April 3, 1865, Union Col. Isaac M. Kirby left Tennessee with 900 men including his own 101st Ohio Infantry for “a scout in the direction of Asheville.” Three days later, local resident Nicholas Woodfin spotted the Federals on the Buncombe . . . Map (db m209953) HM
28 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Kenilworth — Private George Avery — South Asheville Colored Cemetery
George Avery, a 19-year-old enslaved blacksmith, joined Co. D, 40th United States Colored Troops, in Greeneville, Tennessee, in 1865. According to local tradition, his master, Confederate Maj. William W. McDowell, sent Avery to enlist for a post-war . . . Map (db m75527) HM
29 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Montford Area Historic District — Riverside Cemetery — Notable Occupants
Two notable Buncombe County brothers are buried here. Zebulon B. Vance (1830-1894) was North Carolina's Civil War governor and served as a U.S. senator from 1879 to 1894. His elder brother, Robert B. Vince (1828-1899), led the 29th North Carolina . . . Map (db m209950) HM
30 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Montford Area Historic District — Wartime Jail — Asheville's Prisons
During the war, many large buildings such as schools, warehouses, and churches became temporary prisons in Southern cities. After Asheville's jail on Pack Square overflowed with Confederate draft evaders, deserters, Union prisoners of war, and . . . Map (db m59170) HM
31 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Fairview — Gen. William J. Palmer — Quaker Warrior — Stoneman's Raid —
(preface) On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee . . . Map (db m209727) HM
32 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Ridgecrest — Swannanoa Gap Engagement — Blocking the Way — Stoneman's Raid — Reported permanently removed
(preface) On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and . . . Map (db m284170) HM
33 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Ridgecrest — Swannanoa Gap Engagement — "Blockaded and defended" — Stoneman's Raid —
(Preface) On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and . . . Map (db m284171) HM
34 North Carolina, Buncombe County, Weaverville — Brothers In Service — Zebulon and Robert Vance Brithplace
Here were born two notable Buncombe County brothers, Zebulon Baird Vance (1830-1894) and Robert Brank Vance (1828-1899). Zebulon Vance was a Whig and supporter of the Union who opposed secession until the last moment. At the outbreak of war in . . . Map (db m225431) HM
35 North Carolina, Burke County, Morganton — Morganton — Rocky Ford Engagement — Stoneman's Raid —
On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, . . . Map (db m20348) HM
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36 North Carolina, Cabarrus County, Concord — St. John's Lutheran Church — Community Sacrifice
During the Civil War, about two hundred members of St. John’s Lutheran Church served in at least eight Confederate army units. The units included companies in the 8th, 20th, 33rd, 52nd, and 57th North Carolina Infantry regiments, as well as a . . . Map (db m77374) HM
37 North Carolina, Caldwell County, Lenoir — Patterson Mill — Struck by Stoneman's Raiders — Stoneman's Raid —
(preface) On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee . . . Map (db m168406) HM
38 North Carolina, Caldwell County, Lenoir — Raiders in Lenoir — St. James Episcopal Church and Prison — Stoneman's Raid — Reported permanently removed
On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, . . . Map (db m301373) HM
39 North Carolina, Caldwell County, Lenoir — Raiders in Lenoir — St. James Episcopal Church and Prison — Stoneman's Raid —
The church that stood here in 1865 became a prison for three days when Union Gen. George Stoneman, with two brigades of raiders under Gen. Alvan C. Gillem, occupied Lenoir over Easter weekend, April 15-17, 1865. The prisoners were 900 old men, boys, . . . Map (db m301374) HM
40 North Carolina, Camden County, Camden — Eastern North Carolina — Civil War Trails
North Carolina's Civil War stories are as diverse as its landscape. Northeastern North Carolina, including Camden County, the Outer Banks, and the coastal rivers, saw action early in the war as Union forces occupied it. Stories abound of naval . . . Map (db m165188) HM
41 North Carolina, Camden County, South Mills — Battle of South Mills — Fight for the Canal — Burnside Expedition — Reported permanently removed
Early in 1862, Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside led an expedition to secure the coast of North Carolina and occupy strategically important sites such as New Bern and Elizabeth City. After Burnside learned of the March 9 clash between USS . . . Map (db m282666) HM
42 North Carolina, Camden County, South Mills — Dismal Swamp Canal — South Mills Lock
In December 1861, a drum's loud rattle shattered the silence here as the 3rd Georgia Infantry marched by this lock north to winter quarters in Portsmouth, Virginia. Lt. William W. Turner wrote, "The regiment took up its line of march to South . . . Map (db m282665) HM
43 North Carolina, Carteret County, Atlantic Beach — Hoop Pole Creek — Ferrying Troops and Equipment at High Tide — Burnside Expedition —
In March 1862, Union Gen. John G. Parke’s brigade of Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside’ Coastal Division advanced from New Bern to capture Beaufort Harbor and Fort Macon. During March 22-26, Parke’s forces took possession of Carolina City, Morehead City . . . Map (db m77046) HM
44 North Carolina, Carteret County, Beaufort — Beaufort — Union Occupation and Confederate Spies
Before the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, local citizens formed the Beaufort Harbor Guards. These Confederate sympathizers, led by Capt. Josiah Pender, occupied Fort Mason when the sole guard, U.S. Army Ordnance Sgt. William Alexander, quietly . . . Map (db m77029) HM
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45 North Carolina, Carteret County, Newport — Bogue Sound Blockhouse — Vermonters' Spirited Resistance
Company K, 9th New Jersey Volunteers, built the Bogue Sound Blockhouse here in the summer of 1862 to guard the junction of the Bogue Sound Road and Newport Road. Protected by a surrounding ditch and earthworks, the log blockhouse was armed with one . . . Map (db m77094) HM
46 North Carolina, Carteret County, Newport — Newport Barracks — Winter Quarters Ablaze
The 7th North Carolina Infantry built Newport Barracks here as a set of log winter quarters in 1861-1862. Union soldiers later took possession and added a hospital, headquarters, stables, storehouses, earthworks to protect the complex, and an . . . Map (db m31225) HM
47 North Carolina, Chowan County, Cannon Ferry — War on the Chowan River — Buffalo Country — Reported missing
After Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside captured Roanoke Island in February 1862, U.S. Navy vessels patrolled the Chowan River from its mouth in North Carolina to Franklin, Virginia, located on the Blackwater River, a tributary. The Chowan River . . . Map (db m231989) HM
48 North Carolina, Chowan County, Edenton — Edenton — Battle of Albemarle Sound
On May 5, 1864, the Confederate ironclad ram CSS Albemarle under Commander James W. Cooke, with gunboats Cotton Plant and Bombshell, steamed out of the Roanoke River into Bachelor's Bay and Albemarle Sound before you, bound for . . . Map (db m34832) HM
49 North Carolina, Chowan County, Edenton — Maritime Underground Railroad — Escape by Sea
Now one of Edenton's most tranquil locations, during the antebellum period Edenton harbor was the town's industrial center with wharves, shipyards, and maritime activity. North Carolina's small ill-protected harbors prevented development of major . . . Map (db m276357) HM
50 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — Attmore-Oliver House — Under the Stars & Bars — Reported permanently removed
Like many other North Carolinians, New Bern’s residents enjoyed close economic and family ties with the North and were reluctant to leave the Union. Once the war began, however, many North Carolinians passionately supported the Confederate cause: . . . Map (db m294108) HM
51 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — Attmore-Oliver House — Witness to War's Change — North Carolina Civil War Trails —
When Revolutionary War officer Samuel Chapman built the 1790 core of the Attmore-Oliver house in front of your, he could never have imagined that during the Civil War the family who live in his home, by the grandly enlarged into this Greek . . . Map (db m310044) HM
52 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — Battle of New Bern — Smoke and Flames — Burnside Expedition —
On March 13, 1862, Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside prepared to capture New Bern after seizing Roanoke Island in February. Confederate Gen. Lawrence O’B. Branch defended the city in a line of fortifications located several miles down the Neuse . . . Map (db m77003) HM
53 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — Battle of New Bern — Thousands of Federal soldiers charged... — Burnside Expedition —
On March 13, 1862, Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside prepared to capture New Bern after seizing Roanoke Island in February Con-federate Gen. Lawrence O'B. Branch defended the city in a line of fortifications that extended about a mile from Fort . . . Map (db m291766) HM
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54 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — Greenwood Cemetery — Historic Burial Site
Greenwood Cemetery, established in 1882 on the grounds of an earlier cemetery, is New Bern’s second-oldest public cemetery and the first city-owned cemetery for African Americans. Thirteen grave markers are dated between 1816 and 1859. At least . . . Map (db m76972) HM
55 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — John Wright Stanly House — A House Divided — Reported permanently removed
This house was the birthplace of two men who fought on opposing sides during the Civil War: Edward Stanly, the Unionist military governor of North Carolina, and Confederate Gen. Lewis Addison Armistead, who was mortally wounded during the Battle . . . Map (db m294037) HM
56 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — John Wright Stanly House — Military Headquarters, Catholic Convent — North Carolina Civil War Trails —
Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside briefly lived here, but he was not the most noteworthy resident. For seven month, nine Roman Catholic Sisters of Mercy lived in the Stanly House. They worked in adjacent hospitals caring for sick and wounded Union . . . Map (db m294038) HM
57 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — Jones House — Confederate Jail — Reported permanently removed
This house was built about 1809 for John Jones, owner of a local turpentine distillery, and the west wing was added about 1820. After the U.S. Army defeated Confederate troops in the Battle of New Bern on March 14, 1862, and occupied the town, . . . Map (db m294039) HM
58 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — Lurking as Spies — Jones House, Military Jail — North Carolina Civil War Trails —
Union forces commandeered private dwellings in and around New Bern. They served as barracks, hospitals, headquarters and jails. The Jones House (built ca. 1809) served as a jail. According to local tradition, Union soldiers jailed a young Carteret . . . Map (db m294040) HM
59 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — New Bern Academy — From School to Hospital
In 1861, Confederate authorities converted the New Bern Academy from a school to a hospital. The U.S. Army commandeered the structure to care for the wounded almost immediately after defeating Confederate forces in the Battle of New Bern on March . . . Map (db m23659) HM
60 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — New Bern National Cemetery — Honoring the Union Dead
On March 14, 1862, Union Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside captured New Bern after seizing Roanoke Island in February and moving his army inland. After the battle for the town, the Federals established hospitals in the New Bern Academy, the Masonic Lodge, . . . Map (db m76946) HM
61 North Carolina, Craven County, New Bern — William Henry Singleton — From Slavery to Freedom
During the Civil War, thousands of enslaved blacks freed themselves by escaping to Union lines. Craven County native William Henry Singleton (1843-1938) was one of them. According to his biography, Recollections of My Slavery Days (1922), . . . Map (db m24054) HM
62 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Dunn — Battle of Averasboro — Confederate First Defensive Line — Carolinas Campaign —
(Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to . . . Map (db m210221) HM
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63 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Fayetteville — North Carolina — Civil War Trails
North Carolina's Civil War stories are as diverse as its landscape. The Outer Banks and coastal rivers saw action early in the war, as Union forces occupied the region. Stories abound of naval battles, blockade running, Federal raids, and the . . . Map (db m24357) HM
64 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Fayetteville — Parade Ground — Fayetteville Independent Light Infantry
The Fayetteville Independent Light Infantry is North Carolina's oldest military unit and the second-oldest militia organization in the U.S. At the start of the Civil War, after North Carolina seceded, the company enrolled in active service for . . . Map (db m31109) HM
65 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Fayetteville — The Market House — Site of a Shootout — Carolinas Campaign —
On Saturday morning, March 11, 1865, a brief skirmish took place here at the Market House as Confederate forces evacuated Fayetteville while Union Gen. William T. Sherman's army entered the town. A rear guard detachment under Gen. Wade Hampton . . . Map (db m24442) HM
66 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Fayetteville — The Sandford House — Barracks for Union Troops — Carolinas Campaign —
Duncan McLeran constructed this two-story Federal-style dwelling in 1797. In 1820, the property was sold and remodeled to accommodate the Bank of the United States, the first federal bank in North Carolina. The house is named for John Sanford, a . . . Map (db m70374) HM WM
67 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Fayetteville, Cape Fear — Burning of Clarendon Bridge — Confederates Evacuate Fayetteville — Carolinas Campaign —
(preface) The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush . . . Map (db m70380) HM
68 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Fayetteville, Terry Sanford — Cross Creek Cemetery — Confederate Burial Grounds
This is the oldest public cemetery in Fayetteville, begun in 1785. Mrs. Anne K. Kyle, who served as a nurse in the hospital here during the Civil War, established the Confederate Burial Ground soon after Union Gen. William T. Sherman and his army . . . Map (db m30940) HM
69 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Fayetteville, Terry Sanford — Edward J. Hale House — Civil War Publisher — Carolinas Campaign —
Across the street is the Hale-Williams House, notable for the variety of architectural styles it incorporates as well as for the prominence of its builder, Edward Jones Hale. Hale bought this property in 1847 and constructed the house in the 1850s. . . . Map (db m70360) HM
70 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Fayetteville, Terry Sanford — Fayetteville Arsenal — "Batter … into piles of rubble" — Carolinas Campaign —
The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. . . . Map (db m24355) HM
71 North Carolina, Cumberland County, Wade — Old Bluff Church — The Muddy Road to Averasboro — Carolinas Campaign —
(Preface): The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the "March to the Sea." Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to . . . Map (db m160940) HM
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72 North Carolina, Currituck County, Coinjock — Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal — Supply Route for Blue and Gray
Beginning in the 1820s, "canal fever" swept the country and Americans built dozens of canals to improve transportation. Some, such as the Albemarle & Chesapeake Canal that was completed in 1859, are still in use today. As constructed, this canal . . . Map (db m276264) HM
73 North Carolina, Currituck County, Coinjock — Albemarle and Chesapeake Canal — Military Supply Route — Reported permanently removed
After the Battle of Elizabeth City and the destruction of the Confederate Mosquito Fleet in February 1862, the Confederates scuttled ships to block the North Carolina cut. The Federals had the same idea to stall Confederate traffic and sent five . . . Map (db m56979) HM
74 North Carolina, Currituck County, Currituck — Currituck County Courthouse — Confederate Recruiting Center — Reported permanently removed
Map (db m2764) HM
75 North Carolina, Currituck County, Currituck — Currituck County Courthouse — Center of the Community
The town of Currituck has been the seat of county government since 1723, and the core of the courthouse to your right and jail in front of you were here before the Civil War. By 1860, the county had 7,415 residents, of whom 4,669 were white, . . . Map (db m276262) HM
76 North Carolina, Currituck County, Knotts Island — Knotts Island — Salts Works Center — Reported permanently removed
During the Civil War, salt—essential for the preservation of meat—was vitally important to the massive Union and Confederate armies. Currituck County's location was ideal for salt works, and Knotts Island's residents made salt both here and across . . . Map (db m76552) HM
77 North Carolina, Currituck County, Knotts Island — Knotts Island Salt Works — Helping Preserve Soldiers' Food
Salt is so common today that doctors warn against overuse, but during the Civil War, it was desperately needed to preserve meat for the massive armies. Currituck County's location was ideal for salt works, and Knotts Island's residents had long . . . Map (db m301906) HM
78 North Carolina, Currituck County, Maple — Hijacking Maple Leaf — Prisoners Escape through Currituck County
Here on June 10, 1863 twigs cracked and leaves rustled in the woods around you as escaped prisoners of war moved cautiously in the dusk. Earlier that day, the troop transport Maple Leaf had steamed away from Fort Monroe, Va., carrying 97 . . . Map (db m208580) HM
79 North Carolina, Currituck County, Maple — Maple Leaf — A Great Escape — Reported missing
Currituck County played a vital role in a prisoner-of-war escape in 1863. At 1:30 P.M. on June 10, the troop-transport steamer Maple Leaf sailed from Fort Monroe, Va., for Fort Delaware, carrying 97 captured Confederate officers bound for . . . Map (db m56981) HM
80 North Carolina, Currituck County, Moyock — "Shots Rang Out" — Irregular Warfare Devastated Moyock
By 1863, Moyock and the surrounding area were under Union control, but vicious guerrilla attacks continued unabated. Peaceable local farmers and merchants who wished to sell their goods in Norfolk, Va., suffered as a result. Union Gen. Henry M. . . . Map (db m276257) HM
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81 North Carolina, Currituck County, Moyock — Moyock — Shingle Landing — Reported permanently removed
Currituck Sound and the surrounding area were under Union control by 1863. Local farmers and merchants sought permission from Federal authorities to sell their produce in Norfolk. They followed this route to the city. Union Gen. Henry M. Naglee, . . . Map (db m211220) HM
82 North Carolina, Currituck County, Point Harbor — Currituck Sound — Avenue of War — Reported permanently removed
For many years before the war, Currituck Sound was a busy avenue of commerce sheltered from the Atlantic Ocean by the Outer Banks. Vessels carried produce and goods between North Carolina and Virginia. After hostilities began, the sound became . . . Map (db m56980) HM
83 North Carolina, Currituck County, Shawboro — Indiantown — Chasing “Guerrillas”
Indiantown, a commercial center with a shipyard, store, and mill, became a focal point for military activity during the Civil War. On June 10, 1862, U.S. Navy Lt. Charles W. Flusser led several gunboats up the North River to capture a prominent . . . Map (db m56814) HM
84 North Carolina, Davidson County, Lexington — Lexington in the Civil War — Occupation and Fire
President Jefferson Davis and his entourage paused here in Lexington on April 16-17, 1865, as the Confederate government fled south after the April 3 evacuation of Richmond, Virginia. While here, Davis telegraphed Gen. Joseph E. Johnston as to . . . Map (db m222581) HM
85 North Carolina, Davidson County, Lexington — Pine Grove Camp — Confederate Government Seat — Reported missing
For an hour on the evening of Easter Sunday, April 16, 1865, a pine grove outside Lexington became the de facto seat of government for the Confederate States of America and the state of North Carolina. President Jefferson Davis and his cabinet, . . . Map (db m222585) HM
86 North Carolina, Davidson County, Lexington — The Homestead — Unexpected Houseguests
The Homestead was the home of Dr. William R. Holt, one of antebellum North Carolina’s most versatile and talented men, with interests in medicine, agriculture, education, religion, transportation, and manufacturing. In May 1865, when Dr. Holt . . . Map (db m222588) HM
87 North Carolina, Davidson County, Thomasville — Thomasville — Caring for the Sick and Wounded
During the Civil War, Thomasville became a hospital center that treated the sick and wounded, civilian and soldier alike. From 1862 to 1865, a local doctor, D. W. Smith, operated a smallpox hospital just outside of town. In March 1865, Surgeon Simon . . . Map (db m34232) HM
88 North Carolina, Davidson County, Thomasville — Thomasville — A Key Stop & Refuge
John W. Thomas, who represented this area in the state legislature in the mid-1800s, laid out the town of Thomasville in 1852 on the proposed route of the North Carolina Railroad. Three years later, the line was completed to the new town, and the . . . Map (db m208795) HM WM
89 North Carolina, Davidson County, Thomasville — Thomasville City Cemetery — Union of Combatants
(Preface): John W. Thomas, who represented this area in the state legislature in the mid-1800s, laid out the town of Thomasville in 1852 on the proposed route of the North Carolina Railroad. Three years later, the line was completed to the . . . Map (db m222596) HM
90 North Carolina, Davie County, Mocksville — Davie County in the Civil War — Stoneman in Mocksville — Stoneman's Raid —
On March 24, 1865, Union Gen. George Stoneman led 6,000 cavalrymen from Tennessee into southwestern Virginia and western North Carolina to disrupt the Confederate supply line by destroying sections of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad, . . . Map (db m53207) HM
91 North Carolina, Duplin County, Kenansville — Confederate States Armory — Cutting the Supply Line — Confederate Lifeline —
Throughout the Civil War, North Carolina furnished much of the material that the Confederate armies needed to sustain field operations. Here in Kenansville, the Confederate States Army produced military supplies ranging from swords to knapsacks. . . . Map (db m77287) HM
92 North Carolina, Duplin County, Kenansville — Confederate States Armory — Determined Production — Confederate Lifeline —
In April 1861, Louis Froelich, a Bavarian immigrant, began manufacturing uniform buttons in Wilmington for North Carolina soldiers. With Hungarian partner Col. Bela Estvan, Froelich operated his first arms factory for the Confederacy from November . . . Map (db m77289) HM
93 North Carolina, Duplin County, Warsaw — The War Comes to Warsaw — Lewis's Railroad Raid — Confederate Lifeline —
During the war, the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad was part of a rail network that transported vital supplies north to Confederate forces in Virginia. Cutting that line became an important Union objective. On July 5, 1863, Lt. Col. George W. . . . Map (db m77306) HM
94 North Carolina, Durham County, Chapel Hill — Last Shots — The Creek of New Hope — Carolinas Campaign —
(Preface) The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia . . . Map (db m284092) HM
95 North Carolina, Durham County, Durham — Brassfield Station — A Path Both Traveled — Carolinas Campaign —
The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. . . . Map (db m14710) HM
96 North Carolina, Durham County, Durham — Durham's Station — The Creek of New Hope — Carolinas Campaign —
(preface) The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army from Savannah, Georgia, after the March to the Sea. Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush . . . Map (db m286272) HM
97 North Carolina, Durham County, Durham — Durham's Station — Prelude To Peace — Carolinas Campaign — Reported permanently removed
The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman's objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. . . . Map (db m286275) HM
98 North Carolina, Durham County, Durham — North Carolina — Civil War Trails
North Carolina’s Civil War stories are as diverse as its landscape. The Outer Banks and coastal rivers saw action early in the war, as Union forces occupied the region. Stories abound of naval battles, blockade running, Federal raids and the . . . Map (db m219798) HM
99 North Carolina, Durham County, Durham — West Point Truce Line — Waiting, Looting, and Shooting — Carolinas Campaign —
(Preface) The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to . . . Map (db m45346) HM
100 North Carolina, Durham County, Durham, Bennett Place — Bennett Place — The End of War — Carolinas Campaign —
The Carolinas Campaign began on February 1, 1865, when Union Gen. William T. Sherman led his army north from Savannah, Georgia, after the “March to the Sea.” Sherman’s objective was to join Gen. Ulysses S. Grant in Virginia to crush Gen. . . . Map (db m3635) HM

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Sep. 11, 2026