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Maryland Civil War Trails Historical Markers

 
Anna Ella Carroll Marker image, Touch for more information
By Allen C. Browne, May 28, 2011
Anna Ella Carroll Marker
101 Maryland, Dorchester County, Woolford — Anna Ella CarrollUnofficial Cabinet Member Reported permanently removed
Anna Ella Carroll was born on Maryland's Eastern Shore in 1815. Often called an unofficial member of President Abraham Lincoln's cabinet, she was a Unionist author and newspaper reporter who had traveled extensively throughout the South and Midwest . . . Map (db m45304) HM
102 Maryland, Dorchester County, Woolford — Writer, War Strategist, EnigmaA Strong Woman in a Turbulent Time
Anna Ella Carroll, sometimes called an unofficial member of Abraham Lincoln's cabinet, is buried in the Old Trinity Church graveyard. Carroll, born on Maryland's Eastern Shore in 1815, remains an enigma, but there is no question that she . . . Map (db m205116) HM
103 Maryland, Frederick County, Adamstown — Carrollton ManorGreen Corn March — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
On Saturday, September 6, 1862, the Army of Northern Virginia was spread along the entire length of Buckeystown Turnpike all the way to Frederick. The soldiers camped in the fields on either side of the road on the evenings of September 5-6, and by . . . Map (db m152272) HM
104 Maryland, Frederick County, Brunswick — BrunswickFormerly Berlin — Gettysburg Campaign —
Union troops pursuing the Confederate army to Virginia after the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863 crossed the Potomac River here. Called Berlin at the time of the Civil War, this town truly experienced the challenges of life on the border. Both . . . Map (db m1863) HM
105 Maryland, Frederick County, Burkittsville — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George . . . Map (db m1958) HM
106 Maryland, Frederick County, Burkittsville — Battle for Crampton’s Gap“Sealed With Their Lives” — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
The Battle of South Mountain struck Crampton’s Gap late in the afternoon of September 14, 1862, when Union Gen. William B. Franklin finally ordered an attack against Confederate Gen. Lafayette McLaws’s force here. As the Confederate defensive line . . . Map (db m1909) HM
107 Maryland, Frederick County, Burkittsville — BurkittsvilleHouses of Worship Become Houses of Misery — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
Union surgeons turned Burkittsville, a quiet rural village of some 200 people, into a hospital complex after the September 14, 1862, Battle of Crampton’s Gap. The building in front of you, the German Reformed Church, was Hospital D. . . . Map (db m190155) HM
108 Maryland, Frederick County, Burkittsville — George Alfred TownsendA Man and His Mountain — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
None of the structures you see here in Crampton’s Gap existed during the battle on September 14, 1862. George Alfred Townsend constructed all the stone buildings and walls, as well as the Correspondents’ Arch, between 1884 and 1896. Townsend, . . . Map (db m1931) HM
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109 Maryland, Frederick County, Dickerson — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4–6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. . . . Map (db m4028) HM
110 Maryland, Frederick County, Dickerson — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason and Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north through . . . Map (db m4033) HM
111 Maryland, Frederick County, Dickerson — Sugarloaf MountainA Signalman’s Lot — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
You are at the foot of Sugarloaf Mountain, where on September 5-6, 1862, Union observers watched the Army of Northern Virginia cross the Potomac River to invade Maryland. A signal station had been established here in the summer of 1861, one in a . . . Map (db m245994) HM
112 Maryland, Frederick County, Emmitsburg — Daughters of Charity"O, it was beyond description" — Gettysburg Campaign — Reported permanently removed
Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton founded the Roman Catholic community of the Sisters of Charity of Saint Joseph's here in 1809 (after 1850, called Daughters of Charity). The sisters played a prominent role during the Civil War as nurses and human service . . . Map (db m9483) HM
113 Maryland, Frederick County, Emmitsburg — Daughters of Charity"O, it was beyond description" — Gettysburg Campaign —
Elizabeth Ann Bayley Seton founded the Roman Catholic community of the Sisters of Charity of Saint Joseph's here in 1809 (in1 1850, merged with the Daughters of Charity). The sisters played a prominent role during the Civil War as nurses and . . . Map (db m147294) HM
114 Maryland, Frederick County, Emmitsburg — EmmitsburgRoad to Gettysburg Reported permanently removed
President Abraham Lincoln replaced Army of the Potomac commander Gen. Joseph Hooker with Gen. George G. Meade on June 28, 1863, as the army pursued Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia. Meade placed Gen. John F. Reynolds, I Corps . . . Map (db m1546) HM
115 Maryland, Frederick County, Emmitsburg — Gen. John F. Reynolds"Dear Kate" — Gettysburg Campaign — Reported permanently removed
On the last day of June 1863, Emmitsburg became a Union army supply base. Union Gen. John F. Reynolds, commanding the left wing of the Army of the Potomac (I, III, and XI Corps), arrived as I Corps came into Emmitsburg to obtain needed supplies, . . . Map (db m9489) HM
116 Maryland, Frederick County, Emmitsburg — Gen. John F. Reynolds"Dear Kate" — Gettysburg Campaign —
On the last day of June 1863, Emmitsburg became a Union army supply base. Union Gen. John F. Reynolds, commanding the left wing of the Army of the Potomac (I, III and XI Corps), arrived as I Corps came into Emmitsburg to obtain needed supplies, . . . Map (db m147296) HM
117 Maryland, Frederick County, Emmitsburg — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert e. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason-Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north through . . . Map (db m217372) HM
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118 Maryland, Frederick County, Emmitsburg — St. Joseph's Valley Camp"I did not see it multiplied, but saw it there!" — Gettysburg Campaign — Reported permanently removed
About 80,000 Union troops settled here in Saint Joseph's Valley as June 1863 drew to a close, "until the grounds around were actually covered with Soldiers." Emmitsburg was placed under martial law, and the Vincentian priests at Saint Joseph's . . . Map (db m9485) HM
119 Maryland, Frederick County, Emmitsburg — St. Joseph's Valley Camp"The poor fellows looked half-starved" — Gettysburg Campaign —
About 38,000 Union troops from three corps passed through Saint Joseph's Valley during the five days before the Battle of Gettysburg, until it seemed to the sisters that "the grounds around were actually covered with Soldiers." Emmitsburg was . . . Map (db m204242) HM
120 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4–6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George . . . Map (db m18382) HM
121 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4–6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. . . . Map (db m97907) HM
122 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George . . . Map (db m194555) HM
123 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4–6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George . . . Map (db m236181) HM
124 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — B & O Railroad Station"No malice in my heart" — Antietam Campaign —
At this intersection, President Abraham Lincoln spoke from a railroad car platform to Frederick residents assembled in the street on October 4, 1862. He had just returned from viewing the battlefields of South Mountain and Antietam and had called on . . . Map (db m60166) HM
125 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Barbara Fritchie House“Shoot if you must this old gray head, but spare your country’s flag.” — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
As the Confederate army marched through Frederick on September 10, 1862, feisty local Unionists—mostly women—showed their defiance by waving the Stars and Stripes. The poet John Greenleaf Whittier immortalized one of them in “The Ballad of Barbara . . . Map (db m2693) HM
126 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Battle of Frederick"Best little battle of the war" — Early's 1864 Washington Raid — Reported missing
(preface) Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early drove Union Gen. David Hunter into West Virginia after the Battle of Lynchburg, Va., clearing the Shenandoah Valley of Federal forces. To draw Union troops from Petersburg, Early launched a . . . Map (db m167015) HM
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127 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Battle of FrederickBuying Vital Time — Early's 1864 Attack on Washington —
(preface) In June 1864, Confederate Gen. Robert E Lee sent Gen. Jubal A. Early's corps from the Richmond battlefields to the Shenandoah Valley to counter Union Gen. David Hunter's army. After driving Hunter into West Virginia, Early . . . Map (db m232188) HM
128 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Capital For A SummerFoiling Maryland Secession
The building in front of you, Kemp Hall, was the capitol of Maryland during the spring and summer of 1861, as the state came perilously close to leaving the Union. Because secession would have placed the U.S. capital, Washington, D.C. between the . . . Map (db m67247) HM
129 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — City HallFormer Frederick County Courthouse — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
Connections with the Civil War abound around this Courthouse Square, where the first official act of defiance against the British crown - the 1765 Stamp Act Repudiation - occurred almost a century earlier. In 1857, Roger Brooke Taney, Chief Justice . . . Map (db m2815) HM
130 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason and Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north through . . . Map (db m2792) HM
131 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Hospitals in FrederickCaring for the Wounded
In this building, soldiers who died in one of the many area hospitals following the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Gettysburg, and Monocacy were embalmed and prepared for interment at nearby Mount Olivet Cemetery or for shipment home. James . . . Map (db m97908) HM
132 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Market & Patrick Streets"Scarcely any possibility of crossing the street" — Gettysburg Campaign —
Frederick found itself occupied alternatively by Confederate and Union armies during the Civil War. Citizens who frequented this "Square Corner" of Market and Patrick Streets saw Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia march west from here on . . . Map (db m2808) HM
133 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Meade Takes Command"Come to give me trouble."
Near this spot, on the grounds of Prospect Hall, Union Gen. George Gordon Meade replaced Gen. Joseph "Fighting Joe" Hooker as commander of the Army of the Potomac on Sunday, June 28, 1863. Meade took command reluctantly because he was concerned . . . Map (db m2775) HM
134 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — North Market Street"Now I shall see Cousin J." — Gettysburg Campaign —
On June 28, 1863, Union Gen. John F. Reynolds rode into Frederick to visit his cousin Catherine Reynolds Cramer and her sisters near the intersection of North Market and Second Streets. She would have much to write the rest of her family on July 1 . . . Map (db m146084) HM
135 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — North Market Street"Now I shall see Cousin J." — Gettysburg Campaign — Reported permanently removed
On June 28, 1863, Gen. John F. Reynolds rode into Frederick to visit his cousin Catherine Reynolds Cramer and her sisters near the intersection of North Market and Second Streets. She would have much to write the rest of her family on July 1 about . . . Map (db m203920) HM
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136 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Richfield“The Boy General of the Golden Lock”
It was here that George Armstrong Custer was first introduced as a general to the troops he would command. The first order signed by Gen. George G. Meade as the newly appointed commander of the Army of the Potomac on June 28, 1863 promoted three . . . Map (db m1539) HM
137 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — Rose Hill ManorUnion Artillery Reserve
You are on the grounds of Rose Hill Manor, the final home of Maryland's first governor, Thomas Johnson. During its stay near Frederick, the Army of the Potomac's large Artillery Reserve occupied these grounds. Created after the Battle of . . . Map (db m2803) HM
138 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — The Lost OrderShrouded in a Cloak of Mystery — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
After crossing the Potomac River early in September 1862, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee reorganized the Army of Northern Virginia into three separate wings. On September 9, he promulgated his campaign strategy - to divide his army, send Gen. Thomas . . . Map (db m18381) HM
139 Maryland, Frederick County, Frederick — The Lost OrderShrouded in a Cloak of Mystery — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
After crossing the Potomac River early in September 1862, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee reorganized the Army of Northern Virginia into three separate wings. On September 9, he promulgated his campaign strategy from his camp here. The strategy—to . . . Map (db m194556) HM
140 Maryland, Frederick County, Jefferson — JeffersonProwling Confederates and Pretty Girls
In June 1863, Federal troops marched through Jefferson as the Army of the Potomac pursued Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia, a menacing force to the west—but where was it headed? Fearing that Lee would push through the gaps in South . . . Map (db m2100) HM
141 Maryland, Frederick County, Lewistown — LewistownI Corps’ Muddy March — Gettysburg Campaign —
When the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia Invaded Maryland in June 1863, the Army of the Potomac headed north in pursuit. On Monday, June 29, a “rainy, miserable day,” the 15,000 men, 2,900 horses and mules and 475 wagons of Gen. John F. . . . Map (db m105250) HM
142 Maryland, Frederick County, Libertytown — LibertytownHot, Humid, and Worn Out — Gettysburg Campaign — Reported missing
On June 29, 1863, the Army of the Potomac's II Corps, commanded by Gen. Winfield S. Hancock, broke camp south of Frederick near the Monocacy River, marched into Frederick, and turned eastward on the road to Liberty (Libertytown). The men . . . Map (db m4017) HM
143 Maryland, Frederick County, Middletown — Christ Reformed ChurchJust Before the Battle — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
Eight thousand Confederates under Gen. Lafayette McLaws marched by this church on September 10-11, 1862, heading south to Harper’s Ferry. Since no Federals were in the area, McLaws expected no encounters with the enemy. Unknown to him, however, . . . Map (db m166869) HM
144 Maryland, Frederick County, Middletown — MiddletownUnion Left Flank — Gettysburg Campaign —
Late in June 1863, the Union Army of the Potomac pursued Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia as it invaded the North for the second time. The Federal left flank under Gen. John F. Reynolds occupied the Middletown Valley, June 25–27, . . . Map (db m418) HM
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145 Maryland, Frederick County, Middletown — MiddletownEnemies and Friends — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
When Gen. Robert E. Lee and part of the Army of Northern Virginia passes through Middletown on September 10–11, 1862, they encountered a chilly reception. The inhabitants of this single-street hamlet on the National Road loved the Union, and . . . Map (db m21911) HM
146 Maryland, Frederick County, Middletown — MiddletownRansom Demands — Early's 1864 Attack on Washington —
(preface) In June 1864, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee sent Gen. Jubal A. Early’s corps from Richmond battlefields to the Shenandoah Valley to counter Union Gen. David Hunter’s army. After driving Hunter into West Virginia, Early invaded . . . Map (db m76668) HM
147 Maryland, Frederick County, Middletown — MiddletownUnion Army Traffic — Gettysburg Campaign —
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley, then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . Map (db m203059) HM
148 Maryland, Frederick County, Myersville — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George . . . Map (db m5923) HM
149 Maryland, Frederick County, Myersville — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland Reported permanently removed
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. . . . Map (db m167359) HM
150 Maryland, Frederick County, Myersville — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason and Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north through . . . Map (db m5922) HM
151 Maryland, Frederick County, Myersville — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat Reported permanently removed
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason and Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north through . . . Map (db m167358) HM
152 Maryland, Frederick County, New Market — New MarketAn Electrifying Sight — Gettysburg Campaign —
Late in June 1863, the Union Army of the Potomac pursued Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia as it invaded the North less than a year after the Antietam Campaign. On Monday, June 29, the Federal corps marched north toward Pennsylvania on . . . Map (db m129752) HM
153 Maryland, Frederick County, New Market — New MarketRoads to Gettysburg Reported permanently removed
Gettysburg Campaign Late in June 1863, the Union Army of the Potomac pursued Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia as it invaded the North less than a year after the Antietam Campaign. On Monday, June 29, the Federal corps marched north . . . Map (db m204237) HM
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154 Maryland, Frederick County, Point of Rocks — Point of RocksConfederates Capture Train — Gettysburg Campaign —
In mid-June 1863, with rumors of a pending reinvasion of Maryland by Confederate forces, most Baltimore and Ohio trains stopped running past here. As tension mounted, the New York Times reported that no trains were departing Baltimore, “except . . . Map (db m743) HM
155 Maryland, Frederick County, Point of Rocks — Point of RocksPoint of Rocks During the War
The rail line immediately before you served as an important means of supply and communication during the Civil War (the station, and tracks to Washington, D.C., on the southern or right side of the station were built later). Here at Point of Rocks, . . . Map (db m744) HM
156 Maryland, Frederick County, Thurmont — Catoctin Iron FurnaceNo Time For War — Gettysburg Campaign —
When Union Gen. John F. Reynolds’ I Corps marched by here on June 29, 1863, en route to Emmitsburg and soon to Gettysburg, his men were progressing “swimmingly.” The workers of the Catoctin Furnace had little time to notice, since the charcoal . . . Map (db m105249) HM
157 Maryland, Frederick County, Thurmont — ThurmontFormerly Mechanicstown — Gettysburg Campaign —
On June 29, 1863, Mechanicstown was full of the noise of an army on the move as Union Gen. John F. Reynolds marched I Corps to Emmitsburg. Until then, residents had only heard rumors of the advancing Confederates as nervous farmers hurried horses . . . Map (db m203039) HM
158 Maryland, Frederick County, Urbana — Landon HouseFrom Hospitality to Hospital — Antietam Campaign 1862 — Reported permanently removed
Constructed in 1754 on the banks of the Rappahannock River in Virginia, this building was reconstructed here in 1846 and became Landon Female Academy. Early in September 1862, while infantry of Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia rested . . . Map (db m1739) HM
159 Maryland, Frederick County, Urbana — UrbanaCapture and Escape — Early's 1864 Attack on Washington —
(preface) In June 1864, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee and Gen. Jubal A. Early’s corps from the Richmond battlefields to the Shenandoah Valley to counter Union Gen. David Hunter’s army. After driving Hunter into West Virginia, Early . . . Map (db m76643) HM
160 Maryland, Garrett County, Friendsville — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat Reported permanently removed
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason and Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north . . . Map (db m200639) HM
161 Maryland, Garrett County, McHenry — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat Reported permanently removed
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason and Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north . . . Map (db m2170) HM
162 Maryland, Garrett County, McHenry — Western MarylandAt the Crossroads of Conflict
When Civil War divided the nation, Maryland found itself on the conflict's pivotal border between North and South. Today, you can trace history along Maryland's Civil War Trail driving tours. Learn about people just like yourself, caught in the . . . Map (db m235065) HM
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163 Maryland, Garrett County, Oakland — Fort AliceRailroad Bridge Destroyed
On April 26, 1863, during the Confederate occupation of Oakland, a detachment of Confederate Capt. John H. McNeill's partisan rangers attacked the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad bridge here over the Youghiogheny River. They were part of a larger group . . . Map (db m481) HM
164 Maryland, Garrett County, Oakland — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason and Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north through . . . Map (db m484) HM
165 Maryland, Garrett County, Oakland — OaklandConfederate Railroad Raid
On Sunday, April 26, 1863, a detachment of Confederate Capt. John H. McNeill's partisan rangers under Col. A. W. Harman attacked the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad facilities here in Oakland. They were part of Confederate Gen. William E. “Grumble” . . . Map (db m485) HM
166 Maryland, Garrett County, Oakland — OaklandConfederate Railroad Raid — Jones-Imboden Raid —
On April 20, 1863, Confederate Gens. William E. "Grumble" Jones and John D. Imboden began a raid from Virginia through present-day West Virginia on the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. Taking separate routes, they later reported that they . . . Map (db m235130) HM
167 Maryland, Garrett County, Swanton — AltamontConfederate Railroad Raid
On April 26, 1863, a detachment of Confederate Capt. John H. McNeill’s partisan rangers attacked the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad facilities here at Altamont. They were part of a larger group that entered Oakland that Sunday as Confederate Gen. . . . Map (db m37544) HM
168 Maryland, Harford County, Aldino — Alfred B. HiltonMedal of Honor Recipient
After the Emancipation Proclamation was issued in 1863, the U.S. Army recruited both free blacks and slaves. In August 1863, freedman Alfred B. Hilton and his brothers Aaron and Henry enlisted in the 4th U.S. Colored Troops (USCT) in Havre de . . . Map (db m191938) HM
169 Maryland, Harford County, Bel Air — Bel AirSouthern Sympathizers Sought
On July 31, 1861, 300 men from the 12th Pennsylvania Infantry under Capt. Daniel Leasure marched into Bel Air to arrest Southern sympathizers and confiscate weapons from local militia units. The troops halted at the courthouse square, then dispersed . . . Map (db m156302) HM
170 Maryland, Harford County, Havre de Grace — Carter-Archer HouseGen. James J. Archer Birthplace
James J. Archer was born here at the Carter-Archer house on December 18, 1817, the eighth of John and Ann Stump Archer's eleven children. James Archer graduated Princeton in 1835, attended Bacon College in Kentucky, and studied law at the University . . . Map (db m184309) HM
171 Maryland, Harford County, Joppatowne — Gilmor's RaidBurning the Gunpowder River Bridge
On July 6, 1864, Confederate cavalrymen crossed the Potomac River into Maryland as part of a 12,000 man force under Gen. Jubal A. Early, who planned to attack lightly defended Washington, D.C., and draw off part of the Union army menacing Richmond . . . Map (db m176413) HM
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172 Maryland, Harford County, Kingsville — Harry Gilmor's Raid"Great excitement in … Harford County," July 11, 1864 Reported permanently removed
What caused the “great excitement” in Harford County during the summer of 1864? It was the arrival of a detachment of the Confederate cavalrymen led by partisan Major Harry Gilmor. He and his trooper, mostly Marylanders, were part of a 12,000-man . . . Map (db m158692) HM
173 Maryland, Harford County, Kingsville — Harry Gilmor's Raid"Great excitement in … Harford County"
Storekeeper David Lee was troubled as he opened the doors in front of you on the morning of July 11, 1864. Rumors were spreading that large groups of Confederate raiders were roaming this part of Maryland. Mr. Lee was right to be concerned. He . . . Map (db m210773) HM
174 Maryland, Howard County, Columbia — Oakland ManorHome of the Howard Dragoons
Oakland was the family home of George R. Gaither, a successful Baltimore merchant who purchased the property in 1838. His son, George R. Gaither, Jr., served as captain of a local militia unit, the Howard Dragoons (mounted infrantrymen). Most of . . . Map (db m5287) HM
175 Maryland, Howard County, Cooksville — Gettysburg CampaignInvasion & Retreat
After stunning victories at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, Virginia, early in May 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee carried the war through Maryland, across the Mason and Dixon Line and into Pennsylvania. His infantry marched north through . . . Map (db m935) HM
176 Maryland, Howard County, Elkridge — Elkridge Furnace Inn"Neighborhood Parlor" for Healing Reported permanently removed
On May 5, 1861, U.S. Gen. Benjamin F. Butler occupied Relay, Maryland, with the 8th New York and 6th Massachusetts Infantry Regiments and Cook's Boston Battery of light artillery. Their mission was to prevent Confederate sympathizers from . . . Map (db m5876) HM
177 Maryland, Howard County, Elkridge — Elkridge Furnace Inn"Neighborhood Parlor" for Healing
On May 5, 1861, the 8th New York and 6th Massachusetts Infantry Regiments and Cook's Boston Battery of light artillery occupied the heights around you. Their mission was to prevent Confederate sympathizers from sabotaging the strategic Thomas . . . Map (db m150570) HM
178 Maryland, Howard County, Ellicott City — B&O Railroad StationKeep Supplies Moving Reported permanently removed
One of the first railroads in the country, constructed in 1830 of wooden rails that carried horse-drawn cars, extended from Baltimore to Ellicott's Mills. This station was built the next year, and soon steel rails replaced wooden ones as the . . . Map (db m29961) HM
179 Maryland, Howard County, Ellicott City — B&O Railroad StationKeep Supplies Moving
When the Civil War began, the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad became a vital transportation route for the Federal armies, with men and supplies passing by this station day and night. To protect the line, local businessman Thomas McGowan raised the . . . Map (db m144727) HM
180 Maryland, Howard County, Ellicott City — Baltimore Regional TrailA House Divided — War on the Chesapeake Bay — Reported permanently removed
During the Civil War, Baltimore and its environs exemplified the divided loyalties of Maryland's residents. The city had commercial ties to the South as well as the North, and its secessionist sympathies erupted in violence on April 19, 1861, when . . . Map (db m192) HM
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181 Maryland, Howard County, Ellicott City — Baltimore Regional TrailA House Divided — War on the Chesapeake Bay —
During the Civil War, Baltimore and its environs exemplified the divided loyalties of Maryland's residents. The city had commercial ties to the South as well as the North, and its secessionist sympathies erupted in violence on April 19, 1861, when . . . Map (db m144730) HM
182 Maryland, Howard County, Ellicott City — Decatur DorseyCivil War Hero
Howard County native Decatur Dorsey was one of only sixteen African American soldiers to received the Medal of Honor for courage under fire during the Civil War. Sgt. Dorsey, of Company B, 39th United States Colored Troops, earned his medal at the . . . Map (db m5756) HM
183 Maryland, Howard County, Ellicott City — Ellicott’s MillsA Town Divided
By the 1850s, a prosperous community was located here around the Ellicott family gristmills and ironworks established in the 1770s. When the Civil War began in 1861, the town's population exceeded 2,000. Although the mill workers and merchants of . . . Map (db m37545) HM
184 Maryland, Howard County, Ellicott City — Patapsco Female InstituteClasses and Camps
The stabilized ruin above you - the Patapsco Female Institute - served the young ladies of the North and South from 1837 to 1891. Amelia Hart Lincoln Phelps, a renowned author and educator, headed the school between 1841 and 1855. Concerned with . . . Map (db m74252) HM
185 Maryland, Howard County, Ellicott City — Patapsco Female Institute"The Female Institute—oh my!!"
The Patapsco Female Institute—served the young ladies of the North and South from 1837 to 1890. Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps, a renowned author and educator was Principal between 1841 and 1856. Concerned with the increasing division of the country . . . Map (db m204716) HM
186 Maryland, Howard County, Savage — Savage MillVital Service to the Union
The mill town of Savage served a vital need for the United States Army after the Civil War began in 1861. William Baldwin who had purchased the mills in 1859 manufactured canvas for cannon covers and tents. Although cotton was in short supply, . . . Map (db m22462) HM
187 Maryland, Kent County, Chestertown — Baltimore Regional TrailA House Divided — War on the Chesapeake Bay — Reported missing
During the Civil War, Baltimore and its environs exemplified the divided loyalties of Maryland’s residents. The city had commercial ties to the South as well as the North, and its secessionist sympathies erupted in violence on April 19, 1861, . . . Map (db m190078) HM
188 Maryland, Kent County, Chestertown — Charles Sumner Post #25, G.A.R.A Symbol of Social Change
You are looking at a rare survivor—a building that embodies the radical social change brought on by the Civil War. In 1882, 28 African American veterans of the United States Colored Troops (USCT) chartered the Charles Sumner Post #25, Grand Army . . . Map (db m199235) HM
189 Maryland, Kent County, Chestertown — Charles Sumner Post, G.A.R."Fraternity, Charity, Loyalty" Reported permanently removed
African American Civil War veterans constructed this meeting hall for Charles Sumner Post No. 25, Grand Army of the Republic (G.A.R.) in 1908. The hall is one of only two known to survive that were built for soldiers who served in . . . Map (db m156672) HM
190 Maryland, Kent County, Chestertown — John Leeds BarrollPublisher Accused of Treason and Exiled
John Leeds Barroll first walked these courthouse grounds as a prominent Kent County lawyer before becoming a newspaper publisher. He was admitted to the bar in 1852 and served as the county State’s Attorney, 1854–1856, then founded the Kent . . . Map (db m186649) HM
191 Maryland, Kent County, Chestertown — Senator George VickersHelped Acquit President Andrew Johnson
At the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, George Vickers opposed secession and used his influence to keep Maryland in the Union. He became a major general of the 2nd Division, Maryland Militia, and helped form the 2nd Regiment Eastern Shore . . . Map (db m156850) HM
192 Maryland, Kent County, Chestertown — War Along the ChesapeakeA Divided Region
Welcome to Kent County! The Civil War intruded into quiet Eastern Shore communities, and residents of this beautiful, water-laced region faced difficult choices. In the years before the war, enslaved African Americans from the Eastern Shore . . . Map (db m190079) HM
193 Maryland, Kent County, Chestertown — White & Black, Blue & GraySocial Battlefield Split Kent Families
In June 1917, Judge James A. Pearce commemorated the Civil War soldiers of Kent County by erecting a monument to honor the patriotism and valor of a once divided, but now reunited country. The rough-cut and polished granite monument behind you . . . Map (db m186803) HM
194 Maryland, Montgomery County, Barnesville — Barnesville“Before night our town changed hands five times!” — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
On the evening of September 5, 1862, Gen. Wade Hampton’s and Gen. Fitzhugh Lee’s Confederate cavalry brigades bivouacked around Barnesville. They rode the next day to their base camp at Urbana, leaving the 9th Virginia Cavalry to guard . . . Map (db m156129) HM
195 Maryland, Montgomery County, Barnesville — Barnesville“… a bad night of it…” — Gettysburg Campaign —
The advance of Union Gen. John F. Reynolds’ I Corps began slogging through Barnesville on the morning of Friday, June 26, 1863, having crossed the Potomac River the afternoon before and camped west of town. Continuous heavy rain made marching muddy . . . Map (db m203973) HM
196 Maryland, Montgomery County, Beallsville — BeallsvilleSquabble at the cemetery: Whose flag flies today? — Antietam Campaign 1862 —
On September 9, 1862, the running engagement between Illinois, Indiana, and Virginia cavalry units that began the day before in Poolesville continued in Beallsville when two Federal regiments forced the single regiment of Virginia cavalrymen posted . . . Map (db m1681) HM
197 Maryland, Montgomery County, Brookeville — BrookevillePrisoners Paroled — Gettysburg Campaign —
On June 28, 1863, Confederate Gen. J.E.B. Stuart left Rockville with three cavalry brigades, 125 captured Union supply wagons, and more than 400 military and civilian prisoners, arriving in Brookeville that night. At every opportunity, prisoners . . . Map (db m366) HM
198 Maryland, Montgomery County, Darnestown — DarnestownConfederate Visit — Gettysburg Campaign —
On June 25-27, 1863, the Federal Army of the Potomac used two temporary pontoon bridges to cross the Potomac River from Virginia back into Maryland at Edwards Ferry. On the evening and morning of June 27-28, Confederate Gen. J.E.B. Stuart led 5,000 . . . Map (db m1684) HM
199 Maryland, Montgomery County, Dickerson — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. George . . . Map (db m76266) HM
200 Maryland, Montgomery County, Dickerson — 1862 Antietam CampaignLee Invades Maryland
Fresh from the victory at the Second Battle of Manassas General Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 1-6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. . . . Map (db m167962) HM

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Jun. 1, 2024