On Brownsferry Road (County Route 29) 0.2 miles west of Huntsville Brownsferry Road/Ripley Road (County Route 24), on the left when traveling west.
Side A
A church older than the county and state. First meeting house built in the fall of 1816, on Indian land, a few miles south of here along Round Island Creek. The first Govt. Land sales were in Feb. 1818 after treaties with the . . . — — Map (db m85422) HM
On Easter Ferry Road south of Morris Road (County Road 49), on the right when traveling south. Reported missing.
Side A (North side) In the fall of 1806 a group of settlers led by William and James Sims, traveled from east Tennessee on flatboats down the Tennessee River and up the Elk River to this area. They landed near Buck Island and spread out . . . — — Map (db m85454) HM
On Tuskegee-Franklin Road (Alabama Route 49) 0.4 miles south of County Road 17, on the left when traveling south.
Franklin School, originally constructed on this lot, was in operation as early as the 1890s teaching grades 1-11. By the mid 1930s, it was downsized to grades 1-6. There were northern and southern classrooms adjoined by a common auditorium. The . . . — — Map (db m68028) HM
On Old Federal Road (County Road 8), on the right when traveling west.
Unmarked grave in Cubahatchie Baptist Church Cemetery. Half-blooded Creek Indian, planter, soldier, Indian agent,
and historian, Stiggins lived on a nearby farm fronting the Federal Road from 1831 until his death. There he wrote "A . . . — — Map (db m60534) HM
Near Old Federal Road (County Road 8) 0.1 miles west of Deer Run Trail, on the left when traveling west.
Shorter was originally called Cross Keys for the birthplace in South Carolina of an early settler, J.H. Howard. It was later named Shorter for former Alabama Governor John Gill Shorter. The town embodies the memories of the proud Creek Indian . . . — — Map (db m85463) HM
On Lee Highway/John T. Reid Parkway (U.S. 72 at milepost 109) at Brock Road, on the right when traveling west on Lee Highway/John T. Reid Parkway.
In May 1838 soldiers, under the command of U.S. Army General Winfield Scott, began rounding up Cherokee Indians in this area who had refused to move to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. About 16,000 Cherokees were placed in stockades in Tennessee and . . . — — Map (db m33318) HM
On Huntsville Highway (U.S. 231/431) at Hunter Road, on the left when traveling north on Huntsville Highway.
Tennessee. Lincoln County. Established 1809; named in honor of MAJOR GEN. BENJAMIN LINCOLN of the Revolutionary Army. After service at Saratoga, he was put in Chief Command in the Southern Colonies. Later, he was Secretary of War under the . . . — — Map (db m30570) HM
On Holmes Avenue at Lincoln St., NE on Holmes Avenue.
On this spot, camped his army, October 11, 1813, after marching from Fayetteville, Tenn.,~"32 miles without halting,"~ enroute to the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. — — Map (db m30382) HM
On Poplar Avenue NW at Yukon Street NW, on the right when traveling west on Poplar Avenue NW.
After the Civil War, the future of African-Americans in the United States Army was in doubt. In July 1866, Congress passed legislation establishing two cavalry and four infantry regiments to be made up of African-American soldiers. The mounted . . . — — Map (db m75092) HM WM
On Ivy Avenue SW at SW 1st Street, on the right when traveling south on Ivy Avenue SW.
Brahan Spring Park, formerly Beaty's Spring, was the site of Camp Beaty, the encampment of Andrew Jackson's army of volunteers and militia after their celebrated non-stop march of "32 miles in 5 hours" from Fayetteville, Tennessee on October 11, . . . — — Map (db m105131) HM
Near Church Street Southwest south of Clinton Avenue West.
(Preface) Welcome to the Huntsville Water Trail at Big Spring Park, a celebration of our city's history, spirit, and ingenuity. Follow these signs to learn how the Big Spring helped shape Huntsville's creation, and how it's still helping us . . . — — Map (db m167110) HM
On Northside Square at Eastside Square, on the left when traveling west on Northside Square.
Made a county in 1808 by order of Governor of Mississippi Territory.
Area ceded 1805, 1806 by Cherokees, Chickasaws.
This was the first land in Alabama ceded by these great civilized tribes. — — Map (db m27848) HM
Early in the 1800's gold was found from Virginia to Alabama including a rich belt on Cherokee Indian land in what is now Dahlonega, GA.
causing a huge influx of miners and a land grab by new settlers.
Pressure and greed from politicians led to . . . — — Map (db m85838) HM
On South Cedar Avenue at East Whitfield Street, on the right when traveling north on South Cedar Avenue.
Built 1842-1860 by Gen. Nathan Bryan Whitfield 1799-1868 accomplished planter of the Canebrake
using imported materials and artisans Glorifying the Greek Revival Architecture by combining Doric exterior
Corinthian grand ballroom Ionic parlor . . . — — Map (db m38068) HM
Composed of limestone or “Selma
chalk” which abounds in fossils.
Called “Ecor Blanc” by
eighteenth-century French explorers
and cartographers.
Named “Chickasaw Gallery” because
early Indian inhabitants . . . — — Map (db m38001) HM
On Military Street South (U.S. 278) at State Route 17, on the right when traveling south on Military Street South.
Side 1
Hamilton was established on November 17, 1882 and was named in honor of Capt. Albert James Hamilton. Hamilton was first known as "Toll Gate," named for a toll gate on the Jackson Military Road. The original county seat of Marion . . . — — Map (db m96479) HM
On Old Indian Mound Road, 0.2 miles east of U.S. 278, on the left when traveling east.
The cluster of three mounds known as the
Hamilton Mounds site is the largest
indigenous mound site in Marion County,
Alabama. The site includes three mounds
along the Buttahatchee River: a large
mound with a two-tiered summit, another
smaller . . . — — Map (db m174428) HM
On North Brindlee Mountain Parkway (State Highway 53) at North Main Street, on the right when traveling north on North Brindlee Mountain Parkway.
Starting as an ancient Indian trail, the north–south road through Arab in 1816 was known as Bear Meat Cabin Road. By 1818, it had become an important Federal trade route through the Alabama Territory known as the St. Stephens – . . . — — Map (db m40134) HM
On Florida Short Route/Gunter Avenue (U.S. 431) at Lurleen B Wallace Drive, on the right when traveling south on Florida Short Route/Gunter Avenue.
(Side A) This area's proximity to the Tennessee River and Indian trails made it a crossroads for early habitation, settlement, and trade. Archaeological studies reveal it was first inhabited about 12,000 years ago by Paleo-Indians. They . . . — — Map (db m33305) HM
On North Craft Highway (U.S. 43) at Viaduct Road, on the right when traveling north on North Craft Highway.
Front
The name Chickasaw originated from Native Americans living in the area prior to the arrival of the French settlement at Twenty-Seven Mile Bluff in 1702. Native Americans from the Apalachee and Choctaw Tribes referred to the creek . . . — — Map (db m111286) HM
On Iberville Drive north of Cadillac Avenue, on the left when traveling north.
This park and bird refuge dates from the Mississippian Period (AD 1100 to 1550). Native Americans, who roasted oysters and fished in adjacent Dauphin Island Bay, visited the shell mounds for centuries. From excavations carried out in 1990, . . . — — Map (db m122350) HM
On Dauphin Street west of South Claiborne Street, on the right when traveling east.
(front side)
The origin of this Cathedral was established on July 20, 1703, by Jean-Baptiste de La Croix de Chevrieres de Saint Vallier, Bishop of Quebec at Fort Louis de la Mobile, the city’s first permanent settlement. The Bishop also . . . — — Map (db m117245) HM
On Superintendents Drive at Coy Smith Highway (Alabama Route 96), on the right when traveling west on Superintendents Drive.
The cannon in front of you, buried muzzle-down during an
1873 land survey to mark a corner of the Mount Vernon
Military Reservation, is just one of many reminders that Mount
Vernon hosted important U.S. Army posts throughout the 19th
century. . . . — — Map (db m149304) HM
On East Coy Smith Highway (County Road 96) at Superintendents Drive, on the left when traveling west on East Coy Smith Highway.
(obverse)
Mt. Vernon Arsenal and Barracks
Established 1828 by Congress to store arms and munitions for U. S. Army. Original structures completed 1830's.
Arsenal appropriated by Confederacy 1861; equipment moved to Selma . . . — — Map (db m70593) HM
On Old Highway 43 at Military Road (County Road 96), on the left when traveling south on Old Highway 43.
In 1811, the Mount Vernon Cantonment, located on a hill about three miles west of the Mobile River, was laid out by Col. Thomas H. Cushing. The cantonment was on the site of a spring called Mount Vernon Springs. In 1814, the garrison at Mt. Vernon . . . — — Map (db m85911) HM
On Conecuh County Road 5 (County Road 5) at Burnt Corn Loop, on the right when traveling south on Conecuh County Road 5.
The historical Burnt Corn Spring is located near this point on the Old Federal Road - the spring poured into the west branch of the creek that took its name. James Cornells had a residence at the spring before 1813. In the summer of 1813, a war . . . — — Map (db m203710) HM
On Old Federal Road (County Road 5) at County Road 15, on the right when traveling south on Old Federal Road.
Burnt Corn, Monroe County's earliest settlement, became the crossroads of the Great Pensacola Trading Path and The Federal Road. Settler Jim Cornells returned from Pensacola in 1813, finding his home destroyed and his wife kidnapped by a Creek . . . — — Map (db m47687) HM
On U.S. 84 at Old Fort Claiborne Road, on the right when traveling west on U.S. 84.
During the westward expansion of the United States in the early 1800’s, those whose destination was the new Mississippi Territory took a right fork off the Federal Road which led to the Alabama River ferry at Claiborne. After the land cessions of . . . — — Map (db m47638) HM
On U.S. 84 at Grain Elevator Road and Lena Landegger Highway, on the left when traveling west on U.S. 84.
Built by Gen. Ferdinand L. Claiborne as a base for his invasion of the Alabama country with U.S. Regulars, Lower Tombigbee Militia, and friendly Choctaws. Claiborne’s campaign culminated in the American victory over the Creeks at the Holy Ground. — — Map (db m47641) HM
On U.S. 84 at Old Fort Claiborne Road, on the right when traveling west on U.S. 84.
Piache, an Indian town visited by DeSoto in 1540 was near here.
DeLuna made a settlement here, Nanipacna in 1560.
Fort Claiborne was erected on the south bluff, in 1813.
LaFayette was entertained here, 1825.
. . . — — Map (db m47639) HM
On Alabama Route 21 at milepost 19 at H-Kyle Road, on the right when traveling north on State Route 21.
Little River was the home of Creek Chief William Weatherford, also known as War Chief Red Eagle. This was the area of much discussion and debate, bringing the Creeks into the War of 1812 and the Creek Civil War of 1813-1814. These events weighed . . . — — Map (db m86271) HM
On Dexter Avenue at South Court Street, on the right when traveling east on Dexter Avenue.
Following their defeat at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend in 1814, the Creek Indians ceded millions of acres to the U.S. government. Within the cession, two rival towns soon sprang up on the south bank of the Alabama River's "Big Bend": New . . . — — Map (db m143118) HM
Near Water Street west of Whitman Street, on the right when traveling west.
Twelve miles above Montgomery the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers unite to form the Alabama which meanders over four hundred miles on its way to Mobile Bay. This river has played major role in region's history, being a thoroughfare for Native Americans, . . . — — Map (db m26591) HM
Near North Bainbridge Street at Dexter Avenue, on the right when traveling south.
Alabama's First Peoples
Humans arrived in what is now Alabama near the end of
the last Ice Age. Waves of people migrated through the area
for centuries before some of them established settlements.
Over time, their culture advanced through . . . — — Map (db m182568) HM
On Wares Ferry Road (County Route 64) 0.4 miles east of Dozier Road, on the left when traveling east.
Augusta, home of Old Augusta Cemetery, was built on the site of a former Indian village, “Sawanogi,” on high ground close to the Tallapoosa River. In 1824 a disastrous flood swept over the plateau, invading shops and residences. A year . . . — — Map (db m68260) HM
On Water Street at Commerce Street, on the right when traveling east on Water Street.
Here at the Indian village of Encanchata, future site of Montgomery, Col. John Tate, last British agent to the Muscogee Nation, recruited and drilled Creek warriors in 1780 to relieve Tories in Augusta, Ga. being besieged by American patriots. — — Map (db m71373) HM
On Maxwell Boulevard east of North Holt Street, on the right when traveling west.
Several cultures have occupied this region including
Woodland, Mississippian and, later, Muskogeans.
Called "Creeks" by Europeans, the latter made
their homes along banks of streams. A loose
confederation of tribes, Creeks developed a . . . — — Map (db m146977) HM
Resistance and War
In the 1790s and early 1800s, U.S. treaties recognized Creek
land ownership, but illegal encroachment by whites began
cycles of violence and revenge by both sides.
The Creeks disagreed on how to respond. Those who . . . — — Map (db m182573) HM
Near Water Streer at Commerce Street, on the right when traveling west.
Here on May 24, 1703, Alabama Indians ambushed the first French explorers from Mobile, killing three and wounding two critically. The Indians were armed and were used as pawns by British agents from Carolina in the European struggle for dominion . . . — — Map (db m67999) HM
On Walker Street at Shady Street, on the right when traveling south on Walker Street.
[Top Row - Left to Right:]
Many more than 200 years ago, Montgomery's history began along a hard bend of
the Alabama River in south central Alabama. Long before it was the capital, indeed
before the founding of the country, the area was home . . . — — Map (db m244537) HM
On Federal Road at Cloverfield Road (County Route 24), on the right when traveling south on Federal Road.
Side 1
The Federal Road
The 1803 Louisiana Purchase acquired 828,000 sq. mi. for the U.S., doubling its size. The Federal Road was built to provide a shorter route from Washington to New Orleans and the new territory. The Treaty . . . — — Map (db m71535) HM
On Cain Street Northeast west of Ferry Street Northeast, on the left when traveling west.
Alabama Territorial Legislature created this county in 1818 from lands ceded by Cherokee Indians in 1816. County first named Cotaco, for large creek in county.
Named Morgan County in 1821 for Maj. Gen. Daniel Morgan, . . . — — Map (db m27759) HM
Of the various detachments that removed the Cherokee People from their home lands in the southeastern United States, three of them landed in Decatur at what became Rhodes Ferry Park. Due to the difficulty of navigating the Muscle Shoals portion of . . . — — Map (db m140846) HM
The Cherokee people resisted the government's order to leave the Tennessee Valley. They signed petitions and lobbied Congress. Yet the Indian Removal Act of 1830 still passed. In March 1837, the first detachment—a group of Cherokee families, slaves, . . . — — Map (db m140851) HM
On Wheeler Wildlife Boat Launch north of Alabama Route 67, on the right when traveling north.
1838
Trail of Tears: The discovery of gold in Georgia and thirst for land expansion prompted the U.S. Government and white communities to force the Cherokee nation from their ancestral lands. During the summer and winter of 1838, the first . . . — — Map (db m113290) HM
Near Oak Street north of Market Street when traveling north.
On this river in front of you, 2,300 Cherokee people arrived in waves, forced from their Tennessee Valley homeland in 1837 to 1838. The steamer Knoxville towed flat boats loaded with Cherokee families. Heavy rains soaked their clothes. Cold . . . — — Map (db m140855) HM
This is a site of painful memory, a place of upheaval. Decatur was just one stop on a deadly journey over 1,000 miles — the forced removal of the Cherokee people from the Tennessee Valley.
Along the edge of the Tennessee River, this town bore . . . — — Map (db m189597) HM
Oral tradition—stories passed from one generation to the next—long told the history of the Cherokee people. Sequoyah was the first to write it down. In 1921, about 90 miles east of Decatur, he created the Cherokee syllabary, a set of 85 . . . — — Map (db m140861) HM
On Alabama Route 130, 1.7 miles west of County Road 9, on the right when traveling west.
The Second Creek War of 1836 broke out when many Creek Indians resisted forced removal after an 1832 treaty ceded the last of their tribal lands in Alabama. As hostility increased between white settlers pouring into the area and Creeks who were . . . — — Map (db m111577) HM
On U.S. 231, 0.3 miles north of Monticello Drive, on the left when traveling north.
In the early 1800s, south Alabama was still inhabited by many groups of Native Americans: Creek, Chickasaw, and Choctaw among others. They traveled, hunted, traded, and made war on the many ancient trails here. European settlers improved these roads . . . — — Map (db m95359) HM
On Rock Mills Road (Alabama Route 22) at Bacon Cove Road (County Road 75), on the right when traveling east on Rock Mills Road.
Near this site soon after Threat of Cusseta 1832, Peter A. Hogg built a grist mill on Wehadkee Creek, named for local Indian tribe. Settlement first called Prothro's Mill for James Prothro, who, with John McPherson, obtained a U.S. land patent in . . . — — Map (db m118127) HM
Near County Route 165, 2.3 miles south of Nuckols Road (Road 39).
Archaeology is the scientific study of the past through analysis of physical traces of daily life discovered through excavation. It enables us to extend our knowledge of human history beyond the limits of written records and to learn details about . . . — — Map (db m101816) HM
In September 1821 Rev. William Capers was sent to Fort Mitchell, by the South Carolina Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, to negotiate with the chiefs of the Creek Indian Nations for a mission which would teach their children reading, . . . — — Map (db m26121) HM
Near Unnamed Road, 0.2 miles east of Alabama Road 165 when traveling east.
Creek Towns At its height, the Creek Nation consisted of about 20,000 people living in more
than seventy townships, or talwas (tvlwv), scattered throughout modern-day Alabama and Georgia. Creek townships commonly consisted of a primary . . . — — Map (db m120007) HM
Near Unnamed Road, 0.1 miles east of Alabama Route 165 when traveling east.
Cultural Exchange and Cooperation Though significant cultural conflict characterized Creek-American relations in the Chattahoochee Valley, and Creeks faced numerous forms of exploitation, not all relationships between Creeks and settlers were . . . — — Map (db m120019) HM
Built during Creek War 1813 by Georgia Militia on main Indian trade route to Tombigbee River
U.S. Troops stationed here until 1837 1836 Lower Creeks corralled here for forced removal to the West — — Map (db m26069) HM
On Unnamed road, 0.2 miles east of Alabama Route 165, on the right when traveling east.
Fort Mitchell
Fort Mitchell is located on the Federal Road on the West bank overlooking the Chattahoochee River.
General John Floyd received orders from Governor David B. Mitchell to pick up supplies, cross the Chattahoochee River and . . . — — Map (db m120003) HM
Near Old Federal Road east of Alabama Route 165, on the left when traveling east.
Originally a major path Creek Indians and indigenous tribes who preceded
them, the Federal Road became a postal route as a result of a treaty between
the Creeks and the United States government in 1805. The widening of the
Federal Road occurred . . . — — Map (db m241205) HM
Near County Highway 165, 2.3 miles south of Nuckols Road (Road 39).
Fort Mitchell served as a primary point of concentration for creeks being sent westward to Indian Territory before, during, and after the Second Creek War (1836-1837). By the terms of the 1832 Treaty of Washington, Creek heads of household and . . . — — Map (db m101840) HM
This military graveyard was established soon after Fort Mitchell was built by General John Floyd of the Georgia Militia. Located just south of the stockade, the cemetery was used between 1813 and 1840 during the fort's occupation by Georgia and . . . — — Map (db m26122) HM
The most popular game among the Indians of this region was "stick ball." This field has been constructed so that the game may be enjoyed again in the Chattahoochee Valley where it was played for hundreds of years. Sometimes known as "little brother . . . — — Map (db m26020) HM
Native plants played a significant role in the daily life of the Creek Indian civilization that inhabited the Chattahoochee Valley until relocation to Oklahoma in the 19th century. During the Woodland Period, the local inhabitants were skilled . . . — — Map (db m48166) HM
Near here is the site where John Crowell lived, died, and is interred. Colonel Crowell was born in Halifax County, North Carolina, on September 18, 1780; moved to Alabama in 1815, having been appointed as Agent of the United States to the . . . — — Map (db m26116) HM
Near County Route 165, 2.3 miles south of Nuckols Road (Road 39).
Pokkecheta, or the ball play, was an ancient and vital part of the social life of the Creeks and a popular game among many groups of Southeastern Indians. The game enhanced
interaction between towns and provided highly ritualized sport and . . . — — Map (db m101817) HM
Near County Road 165, 2.3 miles south of Nuckols Road (Route 39).
Side 1
The Creek Indians and their neighbors, the Yuchi, once lived in these woods in harmony with nature and in accordance with their beliefs and customs. During the 1700s and early 1800s, they were progressively dispossessed of . . . — — Map (db m101282) HM
Near County Road 165 south of Nuckols Road (Route 39).
In 1832, a treaty with the United States allotted parcels of land to every Indian household in the Valley. A government census enumerated, according to tribal towns, every Indian head of household, along with the number of males, females, and slaves . . . — — Map (db m101415) HM
Near Alabama Route 165, 2.3 miles south of Nuckols Road (Route 39).
The Creek Nation
The Creek Nation was a loose confederacy of independent towns that ranks among the most sophisticated and powerful native political organizations in North American history. Largely speakers of the Muskogee dialect, the . . . — — Map (db m101284) HM
Approximately one mile due east of this marker, back down the Old Federal Road, called by frontiersmen and Indians the Three Notched Trail or the Three Chopped Way, stood Fort Mitchell, an early 19th century American fort that in 1836 was one of the . . . — — Map (db m26100) HM
Near County Route 165, 2.3 miles south of Nuckols Road (Road 39).
Today there are federally recognized Creek tribal groups in Oklahoma, Texas, Louisiana, and Alabama. The largest, the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, is based in the state of Oklahoma. The nation is comprised of the descendants of the Creeks who were . . . — — Map (db m101823) HM
On Old Federal Road, 0.2 miles east of Alabama Route 165, on the left when traveling east. Reported unreadable.
The Battle of Horseshoe Bend, March 1814, ended the Creek Indian War. General Andrew Jackson met with Chief William Weatherford and signed the Treaty. The Creek Indians returned to their own land in the southeast Alabama territory. Travel over . . . — — Map (db m120004) HM
On North Uchee Road (County Road 22) 0.4 miles east of Foster Road (County Road 7), on the left when traveling east.
Uchee
One of the oldest white settlements in the Chattahoochee Valley before and after the removal of the Indians; land deeds between whites date back to 1832, the year of Russell County's founding. The name of the town comes from the Indian . . . — — Map (db m69422) HM
Near Dillingham Street at Brickyard Road (Route 61).
Coweta was the home of many influential Creek leaders, including three individuals who figured prominently in the history of the Creek people; "Emperor” Brims, Mary Musgrove, Chief William McIntosh.
The Coweta chieftain Brims, who . . . — — Map (db m101336) HM
Near 13th Street at 3rd Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
To the native people of the Chattahoochee River Valley, the Creek or Muskogulgi Indians, the shoals of the river were a source of recreation and food. In the spring, the women and children of Coweta Town came here to fish, using dip nets, spears, . . . — — Map (db m69045) HM
On Dillingham Street at Brickyard Road (Route 61) on Dillingham Street.
During the tumultuous decades prior to the Removal of the Creeks from their ancestral homelands in the 1830s, the vicinity of the town of Coweta became an important location for interaction between the Creek Nation and the American government. . . . — — Map (db m101339) HM
On Brickyard Road (County Route 61) 2 miles south of Kadlin Drive, on the left when traveling south.
One of the founding or "mother" towns of the Lower Creeks, Coweta Tallahassee (Coweta Tribal or Old Town), located on the Chattahoochee River to the east, was a red or war town. Spain, England, and to a lesser extent, France, competed for its . . . — — Map (db m223862) HM
On Brickyard Road at State Docks Road, on the left when traveling south on Brickyard Road.
Coweta Town, located east of this marker on the banks of the Chattahoochee River, is sometimes called New or Upper Coweta to distinguish it from its predecessor, Coweta Tallahassee, down river. Among other well-known Creeks, Coweta was the . . . — — Map (db m69068) HM
Near Dillingham Street at Brickyard Road (Route 61).
Coweta served as a critical place of interaction between Creeks and Europeans throughout
the colonial era. Situated at the intersection of regional trading routes and the claims
of expanding Spanish, English and French colonial empires, it became . . . — — Map (db m101334) HM
Near Dillingham Street, 0.1 miles north of Brickyard Road, on the left when traveling east.
In November 1836, six Creek and Yuchi Indians were hanged near this spot for their role in a last desperate uprising against the frontier whites of Georgia and Alabama. Following decades of provocation from whites anxious to gain control of their . . . — — Map (db m69065) HM
Near Dillingham Street at Brickyard Road (Route 61).
The town of Coweta was actually two separate Native American settlements and dozens of affiliated outlying communities occupied at different times in what is now northeastern Russell County. "Coweta Tallahassee" (old Coweta), regarded by most . . . — — Map (db m101328) HM
Near 13th Street south of 3rd Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
The Creek Indians believed this section of the river was inhabited by a giant Tie-Snake, a mythical monster that snared the unwary and dragged them down into the watery underworld. The Tie-Snake was but one of many strange creatures and natural . . . — — Map (db m69067) HM
On Brickyard Road (County Road 61) 2 miles south of Kadlin Drive, on the left when traveling south.
For several years after he was made Principal Agent to the Indians South of the Ohio in 1796, Benjamin Hawkins, friend of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, located his agency to the Lower Creeks at Coweta Tallahassee. Here, Hawkins began to . . . — — Map (db m223874) HM
On Longview Street at Jackson Street, on the right when traveling north on Longview Street.
Russell County occupies land that once sat at the heart of the Creek Nation. Within the county's boundaries were several important Creek towns, many of which would figure prominently in the Creek and Seminole Wars era and the saga of Removal. . . . — — Map (db m111596) HM
On Longview Street at Jackson Street, on the right when traveling north on Longview Street.
Russell County was one of several counties created by the Alabama legislature in December, 1832 from land that had been part of the Creeks' ancestral homeland. The community of Girard (modern Phenix City) along the Chattahoochee River became the . . . — — Map (db m111609) HM
On Longview Street at Jackson Street, on the right when traveling north on Longview Street.
The Second Creek War came about as a result of the frustration of local Creeks at their treatment following the signing of the Treaty of Washington (1832). That compact called for the Creeks to be given allotments of land which they could keep or . . . — — Map (db m111603) HM
Near Chelsea Road (County Road 47) near County Road 39.
Side A
Creek Indians once owned and hunted the land where the City of Chelsea now stands. In 1813, Andrew Jackson and his army won millions of acres of Creek land from the Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, including the area where . . . — — Map (db m38488) HM
On 6th Avenue at Court Street West, on the left when traveling east on 6th Avenue.
Created in 1818 in first session of Alabama Territorial Legislature from lands ceded by Creek Indian Nation in Treaty of Ft. Jackson, 1814. Named for Gen. Arthur St. Clair, hero of Revolution, governor of Northwest Territory. First settlers from . . . — — Map (db m28143) HM
On State Street (Alabama Route 116) at McKee Street (Alabama Route 39), on the right when traveling south on State Street.
The Town of Gainesville, a designated Tree City USA, was founded in 1832. The land on which the town is located was originally owned by John Coleman, husband to a Choctaw Indian of the area. He sold the land to Colonel Moses Lewis, who had the . . . — — Map (db m69709) HM
On Washington Street South at Franklin Street, on the right when traveling north on Washington Street South.
Side 1
Livingston, Alabama
Prior to the signing of the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek on September 27, 1830, this site belonged to the Choctaw Nation. Early settlers to the area came from the Carolinas, Georgia, Tennessee, and . . . — — Map (db m92665) HM
On Lafayette Street (U.S. 11) at Franklin Street, on the right when traveling south on Lafayette Street.
1736: First settlement by French at Ft. Tombecbee.
1830: U.S. got Choctaw Indian lands by Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek.
1832: County created by Act of State Legislature -- named for Gen. Thomas Sumter, "The Gamecock," South . . . — — Map (db m92663) HM
On Plant Road (Alabama Route 235 at milepost 2), on the left when traveling north.
Important Indian town for over 250 years and capital of Coosa province.
Visited by DeSoto in 1540, and later by Spanish, French, British colonial explorers and traders. Early writers tell of abundant food crops, wild and cultivated, . . . — — Map (db m57994) HM
Named for the famous Spanish explorer who traveled through this area in 1540. Over its rich history it offered shelter for native Indians for centuries (a 2,000-year-old Woodland Period burial was excavated by archeologists in the mid-1960s), . . . — — Map (db m45034) HM
On 1st Street Southwest (State Highway 76) at 6th Avenue Southwest, on the right when traveling east on 1st Street Southwest.
Childersburg traces its heritage to the Coosa Indian village located in the area. DeSoto, accompanied by 600 men, began his march across North America in June 1539. Traveling from Tampa Bay, Florida, northward through what became the Southeastern . . . — — Map (db m45137) HM
On Fort Williams Street, on the right when traveling east.
Built by Andrew Jackson with U.S. Regulars, Tennessee Volunteers and friendly Cherokees and Creeks. Used as advance base during final phases of Creek Indian War, 1813-1814. Military cemetery nearby. — — Map (db m57761) HM
On South Broadway Avenue (State Highway 21) at Goodwater Highway (County Road 511), in the median on South Broadway Avenue.
Settled in 1748 by Shawnee
Indians from Ohio.
They joined Creek Confederacy,
fought against U.S. in War of 1812,
were moved west in 1836.
Settled before 1836 by men
who had fought in this area
under Andrew Jackson.
Indian name: . . . — — Map (db m40595) HM
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