THE HISTORICAL
MARKER DATABASE
“Bite-Size Bits of Local, National, and Global History”
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Historical Markers and War Memorials
in Greater Asheville Region

 
By Michael Fischer, April 26, 2026
Allen High School Marker
1 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Allen High School — 1887 - 1974 —
On College Place east of Town Mountain Road (State Highway 694), on the right when traveling east.
Founded October 31, 1887 by Mr. and Mrs. Lewis M. Pease and later donated to the Women's Home Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, Allen Home for Girls, named in honor of English Quaker benefactor, Mrs. Marriage Allen, . . . — — Map (db m298447) HM
2 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — America’s Favorite Drive — Blue Ridge Parkway —
Near Hemphill Knob Road.
Welcome to the Blue Ridge, an area steeped in tradition and recognized world-wide as a crossroads of natural and cultural richness. The Parkway serves to tie together a diverse landscape and lifestyle-connecting the past with the present and . . . — — Map (db m299616) HM
3 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-61 — Asheville Normal School —
On Victoria Road near Livingston Street, on the right when traveling north.
Presbyterian. Opened 1887 as Home Industrial School. Teacher's College 1892-1944. Stood nearby. — — Map (db m56622) HM
4 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Biltmore Dairy Bar —
Near Approach Road north of The Glen Road.
The original Biltmore Dairy Bar began as an extension of the estate's dairy operations, established in 1897 as part of George Vanderbilt's vision of Biltmore as a self-sustaining farm. Thanks to the prized herd of Jersey cows, the dairy . . . — — Map (db m179297) HM
5 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-68 — Biltmore House —
On McDowell St. (U.S. 25) at Biltmore Estate Drive on McDowell St..
Designed for George W. Vanderbilt by Richard M. Hunt. Constructed, 1890-1895. Opened to public, 1930. Three miles west. — — Map (db m12704) HM
6 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Biltmore: A Collaboration —
On Approach Road, on the right when traveling south.
The success of the final design of Biltmore House and its home grounds was the result of the strong collaborative effort between George Vanderbilt, his architect Richard Morris Hunt, and Frederick Law Olmited, who designed and executed a plan for . . . — — Map (db m209739) HM
7 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Birthplace of American Forestry —
Near One Biltmore Plaza.
George W. Vanderbilt, following the recommendation of landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, was the first American landowner to implement scientific forestry, the management and conservation of forest lands, on a large scale. He hired Gifford . . . — — Map (db m58507) HM
8 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Catholic Hill School / Stephen’s – Lee High School —
On South Market Street south of Sycamore Street, on the right when traveling south.
Asheville's first official school building for black children, built in 1892. Destroyed by fire in the great tragedy of 1917, seven students died. In 1922 the famous Stephen's Lee High School was erected in it's place, becoming a beacon for black . . . — — Map (db m209939) HM
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9 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-5 — David L. Swain —
On Merrimon Avenue (U.S. 25) near Beaverdam Road (North Carolina Highway 2230).
Governor and political leader. President of the University of North Carolina, 1835-1868. Was born three miles E. — — Map (db m31260) HM
10 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-86 — Electric Streetcars —
On Haywood Road (State Highway 191) at Euclid Boulevard, on the right when traveling south on Haywood Road.
First electric trolley system in N.C. opened, Feb. 1, 1889, bolstering regional tourism. Served train depot 1/4 mile S.E. — — Map (db m17058) HM
11 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — First in Forestry —
On Approach Road, on the left when traveling south.
"...in the year 1891 there was not, I repeat, a single acre of forest under forestry anywhere in the United States...My work in Biltmore Forest began February 3, 1892...Thus Biltmore Forest became the beginning of practical Forestry in America." . . . — — Map (db m209738) HM
12 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-95 — Flood of 1916 —
On Swannanoa River Road (State Highway 81) at Biltmore Avenue, on the right when traveling east on Swannanoa River Road.
Devastated western N.C. and western Piedmont; destroyed homes, crops, mills, bridges. Four lives lost, July 16, near main gate of Biltmore Estate. — — Map (db m97531) HM
13 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Frederick Law Olmsted — Biltmore Estate Landscape Architect — 1822 - 1903 —
Near One Biltmore Plaza.
As work progressed on Biltmore Estate, his last and largest private project, Frederick Law Olmsted observed, "It is a great work of peace we are engaged in and one of these days we shall all be proud of our parts in it." It was Olmsted who . . . — — Map (db m175856) HM
14 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Frederick Law Olmsted & the Approach Road —
On Approach Road north of Glen Road, on the right when traveling north.
As you traveled up Biltmore's Approach Road, what did you notice about the landscape? You may be surprised to learn that the winding road, lush vegetation, and trickling streams were all designed as an experience which would affect your . . . — — Map (db m209737) HM
15 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Landsman Riley Powers — Mountain Sailor —
On Overlook Road south of Springside Road (County Route 3506), on the left when traveling south.
Early in 1861, Buncombe County farmer William Riley Powers joined the Rough and Ready Guards (Co. F, 14th North Carolina Infantry). The regiment was assigned to southeastern Virginia. There, Confederate Gen. Benjamin Huger discharged Pvts. Powers . . . — — Map (db m75532) HM
16 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-29 — Lee's School — 1846-1879 —
On Tunnel Road (U.S. 70 / 74) at Chunn's Cove Road, on the right when traveling west on Tunnel Road.
A school for boys, conducted by Stephen Lee, West Point graduate, Confederate colonel, stood ˝ mile north. — — Map (db m203772) HM
17 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-79 — Lillian Exum Clement Stafford — 1894 - 1925 —
On College Street (State Highway 74) at South Charlotte Street on College Street.
First female legislator in the South. Elected to N.C. House, 1920. Her law office was 400 yds west; home ˝ mi. NE. — — Map (db m12707) HM
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18 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Lynching in America / The Lynching of Bob Brackett — Community Remembrance Project —
On South Market Street at Sycamore Street, on the right when traveling south on South Market Street.
Lynching in America Between 1865 and 1950, thousands of African Americans were victims of mob violence and racial terror lynching across the United States. Following the Civil War, white Southerners fiercely resisted equal rights for African . . . — — Map (db m246650) HM
19 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-36 — Richmond Pearson — 1852 - 1923 —
On Riverside Drive (State Highway 251) south of Pearson Bridge Road, on the right when traveling south.
Congressman, 1895-1901; U.S. Minister to Persia, 1902-07, and to Greece and Montenegro, 1907-09. His home, “Richmond Hill,” was ˝ mile N.W. — — Map (db m209952) HM
20 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-37 — Rutherford Trace —
On Hendersonville Road, on the right when traveling south.
The expedition led by Gen. Griffith Rutherford against the Cherokee, September, 1776, passed nearby on the banks of the Swannanoa River. — — Map (db m2279) HM
21 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-38 — Rutherford Trace —
On Brevard Road (State Highway 191) north of Biltmore Estates Drive, on the right when traveling north.
The expedition led by Gen. Griffith Rutherford against the Cherokee, September 1776, passed nearby. — — Map (db m17056) HM
22 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Sassafras — Sassafras Albidum —
On Running Cedar Road 0.2 miles east of Frederick Law Olmsted Way, on the left when traveling east.
Celebrate Sassafras! Native Americans have used this lovely, slender native tree for millennia. The brittle bark, which glistens with small crystals, makes an excellent tea and flavors sarsparilla (root beer). The very young spring leaves are . . . — — Map (db m291257) HM
23 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Siting Biltmore House and Stables —
Near Approach Road 0.2 miles north of The Glen Road, on the right when traveling south.
Before considering designs for his future home, George Vanderbilt brought landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted to assess the potential of the land Vanderbilt had purchased. Olmsted agreed with Vanderbilt that distant views of the Blue Ridge . . . — — Map (db m209740) HM
24 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — Smith-McDowell House — Our Businessman-Soldier —
Near Victoria Road 0.1 miles south of Oakland Road, on the right when traveling south.
After John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859, new militia companies were formed in the South. Businessman William W. McDowell, whose wife acquired this house from her father’s and brother’s estates, raised a company called the . . . — — Map (db m75524) HM
25 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — St. Genevieve ~ Of ~ The ~ Pines —
On Victoria Road south of McDowell Street (U.S. 25), on the right when traveling south.
The Religious of Christian Education, an order of nuns originally from France, established Hillside Convent School on January 6, 1908. In 1910, the school was moved to this site and renamed St. Genevieve~of~the~Pines. For eight decades, the . . . — — Map (db m57479) HM
26 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-9 — Stoneman's Raid —
On Hendersonville Road (U.S. 25).
On a raid through western North Carolina Gen. Stoneman's U.S. Cavalry occupied Asheville on April 26, 1865. — — Map (db m12768) HM
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27 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — P-53 — Sulphur Springs —
On Patton Avenue (U.S. 19/23) at Old Haywood Road (North Carolina Highway 1404) on Patton Avenue.
Health & social resort during the nineteenth century; patronized by low-country planters. Springs are 600 yds. S. — — Map (db m17093) HM
28 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville — The Quilt Garden — North Carolina Arboretum —
Near Frederick Law Olmsted Way 1.2 miles west of Brevard Road (State Highway 191).
This central garden pays homage to North Carolina's long history of quilting. The flowers and plants represent some of the most popular traditional block patterns used in Appalachian quilts. The garden uses a technique called tessellation . . . — — Map (db m169047) HM
29 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Bear Creek — P-78 — Olive Tilford Dargan — 1869-1968 —
On Haywood Road (Business U.S. 19/23) near Balsam Avenue, on the right when traveling west.
Writer of fiction and poetry. "Fielding Burke," her pen name. Author of Call Home the Heart and Highland Annals. Home, 1925-68, was 1/4 mile N. — — Map (db m57222) HM
30 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Biltmore Village — The County of Buncombe —
On Biltmore Plaza at Kitchen Pl on Biltmore Plaza.
Near and West of this spot at Gum Spring The County of Buncombe was organized on April 16, 1792 under act of the General Assembly of North Carolina Erected by The National Society of the Colonial Dames Of America In the State of . . . — — Map (db m12831) HM
31 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Charlotte Street — 87 — Votes for Women — Road to the 19th Amendment — National Votes for Women Trail —
On Charlotte Street just south of East Chestnut Street, on the right when traveling north.
Helen Morris Lewis suffrage leader who founded NC Equal Rights Association here at Mayor Thomas Patton's home in November 1894. — — Map (db m209102) HM
32 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — "The Block" —
Near South Market Street north of Eagle Street, on the right when traveling south.
Eagle Street traditionally has been the commercial, cultural, and professional center of the African-American community. The YMI Cultural Center, commissioned by George W. Vanderbilt in 1892 as the Young Men's Institute, was renovated in the 1980s. . . . — — Map (db m98367) HM
33 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — P-101 — Allen School —
On College Street near Oak Street and Valley Street, on the right when traveling east.
Established in 1887 to teach African Americans in western N.C. Emerged as residential preparatory school for Black women. Was ⅓ mi. NE until 1974. — — Map (db m274253) HM
34 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — P-97 — Anne Penland — 1885-1976 —
On Haywood Street south of Vanderbilt Place, on the left when traveling south.
Nurse anesthetist. Her WWI service influenced British medical corps to train female anesthetists, 1918. Home was here. — — Map (db m209929) HM
35 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Appalachian Stage —
On College Street (U.S. 74) near Coxe Avenue, on the right when traveling west.
Since 1902, when the first city auditorium was built here, this area has been a center for entertainment and the preservation of Southern Appalachian culture. Acclaim has gone to composer Boscom Lamar Lunsford and playwright Hubert Hayes for . . . — — Map (db m36176) HM
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36 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Ashe Monument —
Near the Court Plaza east of S. Spruce St..
Dedicated to the memory of Samuel Ashe 1725 - 1813 Distinguished North Carolinian Governor, Statesman and Jurist in whose honor the City of Asheville was named — — Map (db m30120) HM
37 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Asheville — Building the Block / Crossroads of Culture
On Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25) at Eagle Street, on the right when traveling north on Biltmore Avenue. Reported permanently removed.
Building the Block Gateway to Community As you turn down Eagle Street, you'll find yourself in The Block. This revitalizing district was crucial to the culture, economy and history of Asheville's African American community for more . . . — — Map (db m283144) HM
38 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Asheville's Enslaved People — Wartime Servitude —
Near Eagle Street at Davidson Drive, on the right when traveling east.
When the war began, more than 15 percent of Buncombe County’s residents were enslaved people. James Patton housed slaves behind his Eagle Hotel (straight ahead), where they worked as waiter, maids, grooms, cooks, and trail guides. Three blocks to . . . — — Map (db m75507) HM
39 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Battery Porter — Napoleons on Stony Hill
On O Henry Avenue at Battle Square, on the right when traveling north on O Henry Avenue. Reported missing.
Near the end of the Civil War in 1865, Confederate Battery Porter was positioned uphill to your right on Stony Hill, at that time the highest point in Asheville. The battery included four 12-pounder field pieces known as Napoleons, a model 1857 . . . — — Map (db m75505) HM
40 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Brick Artisan —
Near South Market Street north of Eagle Street, on the right when traveling south.
James Vester Miller was chief brickmason for the 1925 Municipal Building. The cornucopias over the side doorway mark the entrance to the City Market, located there from 1926 to 1932. Of slave parentage, Miller achieved renown as a craftsman, . . . — — Map (db m98368) HM
41 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Buncombe County Court House — 1927 —
On Court Plaza.
1927 Buncombe County Court House Erected by the People of Buncombe County Board of County Commissioners Hon.E.M.Lyda Chairman Hon.W.E.Johnson~Hon.W.E.McLean Burgin Pernnell County Attorney L.E.Jarrett County . . . — — Map (db m18694) HM
42 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Cat Walk —
On Wall Street, on the left when traveling west.
Wall Street takes its name from the stone wall below, built to retain Battery Park Hill. The alley between the wall and buildings was used for deliveries. Until the mid-1920s, when Wall Street was paved and a sidewalk laid to span the alley, access . . . — — Map (db m209883) HM
43 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Children's Playhouse —
On North Market Street north of East Walnut Street, on the right when traveling north.
This playhouse was built by W.O. Wolfe in 1900 for the Wolfe children. It was moved from the family homesite at 92 Woodfin Street for preservation in 1955. — — Map (db m267496) HM
44 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Civic Pride —
On Market Street at Collage Street on Market Street.
Asheville's central square has long served the needs of government and commerce. From 1892 to 1926 a massive city hall with a bell tower dominated the east end. The building housed police and fire departments in addition to municipal offices. . . . — — Map (db m17062) HM
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45 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — P-57 — Confederate Armory —
On College Street.
Manufactured Enfield-type rifles. In 1863 plant moved to Columbia, S.C. Building was located Ľ mi. SE. Burned in 1865. — — Map (db m30269) HM
46 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Cornerstone of Culture —
On Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25) at Eagle Street, on the right when traveling north on Biltmore Avenue.
Gateway to Community As you turn down Eagle Street, you'll find yourself in The Block, one of several Black business districts in Asheville. This area has been important to the culture, economy, and history of Asheville's Black community . . . — — Map (db m283145) HM
47 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Crafting Our Culture —
On North Lexington Avenue at West Walnut Street, on the right when traveling north on North Lexington Avenue.
Weaving a Movement It was here — just north of Asheville — where artist and teacher Frances Goodrich first saw a stunning woven coverlet. Throughout the 20th century, the work of Goodrich and others, including Eleanor Vance, Charlotte Yale, . . . — — Map (db m283137) HM
48 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Crossroads of Commerce —
On South Pack Square at Biltmore Avenue (North Carolina Route 25), on the right when traveling east on South Pack Square.
City Center Historically, the intersection before you was an important crossroads for the exchange of goods and livestock. The Buncombe Turnpike, completed in 1828, followed the original trading path created by Native Americans, stretching . . . — — Map (db m283133) HM
49 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Early Milestones in Buncombe County —
On Court Plaza at College Street (Alternate U.S. 74), on the right when traveling south on Court Plaza.
Buncombe County was named for Edward Buncombe (1742-1778), a North Carolina plantation owner who served in the Revolutionary War and died of injuries sustained in the Battle of Germantown. The county was formed in 1792 from vast tracts of . . . — — Map (db m229427) HM
50 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Ellington's Dream —
Near South Spruce Street south of College Street (Alternate U.S. 74), on the right when traveling north.
In 1926 Asheville and Buncombe County officials considered erecting matching government buildings on Court Plaza. The city chose Douglas Ellington's Beaux-Art design with its Art Deco embellishments. The county, however, rejected Ellington's plan . . . — — Map (db m224090) HM
51 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — 8 — Flat Iron Architecture —
On Battery Park Avenue at Wall Street, on the right when traveling east on Battery Park Avenue.
Asheville's Flat Iron Building, completed in 1926, boats triangular proportions and rich ornamentation like its predecessor in New York City. Albert C. Wirth designed this structure to house professional offices and shops. Typical of rapid . . . — — Map (db m187804) HM
52 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Flora Sorrell Boarding Home —
On Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25) north of South Market Street, on the right when traveling north.
This property is listed in the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior — — Map (db m283019) HM
53 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Historic Hilltop — Asheville Urban Trail —
Near Page Avenue south of Battle Square Avenue.
Colonel Frank Coxe opened the first Battery Park Hotel in 1886. The rambling structure on a hill top became internationally prominent, catering to famous guests. In the early 1920s Edwin W. Groves purchased the property. He built a brand new . . . — — Map (db m30224) HM
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54 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — D-3 — Historical Black Churches in Asheville — 1832-1898 — Black Cultural Heritage Trail —
On Eagle Street at South Spruce Street, on the right when traveling west on Eagle Street.
Churches and schools have always been vital public institutions in Black communities. Church picnics, suppers, and food and clothing drives foster community support. While Jim Crow laws and segregation denied Black citizens equal rights, church . . . — — Map (db m267540) HM
55 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Hotel District — (of Asheville, N.C.) —
On Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25) at Eagle Street, on the right when traveling north on Biltmore Avenue.
An ornamental eagle perched high in front of the Eagle Hotel one block south. Irish immigrant James Patton opened the hostelry in 1814. Almost opposite the Eagle, the Swannanoa Hotel began operation in 1878, making South Main Street - now . . . — — Map (db m57588) HM
56 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — In Remembrance of Col. Robert K. Morgan —
On Court Plaza south of College Street, on the right when traveling south.
Colonel Robert K. Morgan and his B-17 bomber crew of WWII's "Memphis Belle" were the first to complete twenty-five combat missions over German-occupied Europe. At a time when bomber casualties reached eighty percent, their exceptional . . . — — Map (db m215041) HM WM
57 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — James Vester Miller — 1860-1940 —
On Court Plaza at South Spruce Street, on the left when traveling west on Court Plaza.
Born in Rutherford County, NC, James Vester Miller was the son of a slave, Louisa, and her master. After the Civil War, his mother came to Asheville with her 3 children. Miller's interest in bricklaying began at 10 years old. Developing his . . . — — Map (db m283143) HM
58 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — P-94 — Jimmie Rodgers — 1897-1933 —
On Haywood Street at Battery Park Avenue, on the left when traveling south on Haywood Street.
"Singing Brakeman" lived in Asheville, 1927. Began his country music career with radio broadcasts on WWNC, then 50 yds. W. — — Map (db m84784) HM
59 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Legacy of Design —
On Broadway Street (U.S. 25) north of East Walnut Street, on the right when traveling north.
English-born Richard Sharp Smith came to Asheville in 1890 as supervising architect of the Biltmore House. Buildings and residences he later designed gave the city much of its architectural flair. On this block on what was once the Buncombe . . . — — Map (db m187803) HM
60 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Lynching in America / The Lynching of John Humphries — Community Remembrance Project —
On College Street (Alternate U.S. 74) at South Spruce Street, on the right when traveling east on College Street.
Lynching in America Thousands of Black people were the victims of racial terror lynching in the United States between 1865 and 1950. After the Civil War, the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the U.S. Constitution ended slavery and extended . . . — — Map (db m205149) HM
61 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Marketplace — Asheville Urban Trail —
On West Walnut Street east of North Lexington Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
Just off the square, which was the commercial center, Water Street catered to farmers bringing their products into Asheville for barter. When its natural springs began disappearing in the late 1800s, Water Street was renamed Lexington Avenue. . . . — — Map (db m283136) HM
62 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Monument Corner —
Near North Pack Square (Alternate U.S. 74) at South Market Street, on the right when traveling east.
W.O. Wolfe's tombstone shop, fondly recalled by his son, Thomas in Look Homeward Angel, once stood on this corner. During the boom of the 1920s, real estate developer L.B. Jackson purchased the property from Julia Westall Wolfe and built . . . — — Map (db m97548) HM
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63 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Mt. Zion Missionary Baptist Church —
On Eagle Street at South Spruce Street, on the right when traveling east on Eagle Street.
Founded in 1880 by Rev. Robert Rumley and moved to present location during the tenure of his successor, Rev. Jacob Nelson. Rev. John Hairston oversaw further expansion and installation of large pipe organ. Present building was designed by . . . — — Map (db m267544) HM
64 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Oscar Wong — Founder Highland Brewing Company — Brewing at 12 Old Charlotte Hwy —
On Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25) at Ashton Street, on the right when traveling north on Biltmore Avenue.
Oscar Wong was born in Jamaica to Chinese parents and immigrated to the United States to attend Notre Dame. After a successful engineering career, he moved to Asheville. In 1994, he opened Highland Brewing Company, the city's first legal brewery . . . — — Map (db m283056) HM
65 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Past and Promise —
Near South Market Street (Alternate U.S. 74) at South Pack Square, on the right when traveling south.
Until electricity was introduced in the late 1880s, gas and kerosene lamps provided lighting in Public Square—now Pack Square. Horse-head fountains, fed from a reservoir on Beaucatcher Mountain, were affixed to lampposts at the east and west . . . — — Map (db m98364) HM
66 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — 12 — Raphael Guastavino — Guastavino's Monument — Architect and builder, St. Lawrence Basilica —
On Haywood Street, on the right when traveling south.
A Spanish "master of the arch," Raphael Guastavino brought a soaring elegance to American architecture, artfully using layers of thin clay tiles to build vaults, domes, and roofs in more than a thousand buildings. In 1890, he joined the . . . — — Map (db m209933) HM
67 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Shifting Landscapes —
On Battery Park Avenue, on the right when traveling east.
Making Way for Change At the turn of the 20th century, this city block was the site of Battery Porter Hill, a ridge measuring seven stories high topped by the original Battery Park Hotel. With its Queen Anne elegance, the resort's 500 . . . — — Map (db m209937) HM
68 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Shindig on the Green —
Near College Street (Alternate U.S. 74) at Court Plaza.
What began as a small show in a city festival resulted in two of the most important cultural events in the region. In 1928, the Asheville Chamber of Commerce asked musician and folk historian Bascom Lamar Lunsford to arrange a folk song and dance . . . — — Map (db m229414) HM
69 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Shopping Daze —
On Haywood Street at West Walnut Street, on the right when traveling south on Haywood Street.
Asheville's bustling, cosmopolitan scene in the 1920s led to the opening of many department stores and exclusive shops along these three blocks of Haywood Street. For fifty years the area thrived until suburban malls lured shoppers away. . . . — — Map (db m209928) HM
70 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — D-2 — Stephens - Lee H.S. Educates Legends and Heroes — 1923-1965 — Black Cultural Heritage Trail —
On Court Plaza south of College Street, on the right when traveling south.
The U.S. Supreme Court Decision, Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), legalized segregation in public facilities. Asheville began providing schools for Black students in 1888. From 1923 to 1965, Asheville's Stephens-Lee High School was nationally . . . — — Map (db m282512) HM
71 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Sweet Harmonies —
On Haywood Street, on the left when traveling south.
A Lyrical Legacy Asheville's musical legacy is woven from the melodies of many cultures and genres, passed down through generations. Cherokee flutes and drums met Scots-Irish reels and ballads when European settlers arrived in the region. . . . — — Map (db m209935) HM
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72 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — D-1 — The Asheville Black Cultural Heritage Trail — Asheville Elects Freedman Newton Shepard/Graduates of the Allen School —
On Court Plaza at College Street, on the left when traveling north on Court Plaza.
(panel 1) The Asheville Black Cultural Trail Dignity, Humanity, and Agency Did you know that Black people helped create this region's first non-Indigenous households? Did you know that Black people helped build Asheville and . . . — — Map (db m282513) HM
73 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — D-1 — The Asheville Black Cultural Heritage Trail — Asheville Elects Freedman Newton Shepard/Graduates of the Allen School —
On Court Plaza at College Street, on the left when traveling north on Court Plaza.
(panel 1) The Asheville Black Cultural Trail Dignity, Humanity, and Agency Did you know that Black people helped create this region's first non-Indigenous households? Did you know that Black people helped build Asheville and . . . — — Map (db m282514) HM
74 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — The Bunkum Stone —
On Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25) north of South Market Street, on the right when traveling north.
The Bunkum Stone is a sister to the Barney Stone in Ireland. It is said that kissing the Bunkum Stone confers the gift of loquacity. The Bunkum Stone is named in honor of Felix Walker, the US Congressman from Buncombe County (1820) for whom . . . — — Map (db m305007) HM
75 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — The Early Years In Asheville's Historic Central Square —
On South Pack Square (Alternate U.S. 74) east of Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25), on the right when traveling east.
Buncombe County was carved out of a magnificent mountain landscape etched by indigenous trails and scattered settlements. The bill creating the county was ratified on January 14, 1792. In 1793, the county's first official courthouse, a jail and . . . — — Map (db m98370) HM
76 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — D-4 — The YMI & William and Georgia Roland — Civic Leadership and Youth Mentoring — Black Cultural Heritage Trail —
On South Market Street south of Eagle Street, on the right when traveling south.
— — Map (db m267546) HM
77 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — This Is Cherokee Basketry —
On Broadway Street (U.S. 25) south of Woodfin Street, on the right when traveling south.
Cherokee people have been practicing the artform of weaving for at least 17,000 years. The two most commonly used materials for basket making is white oak and rivercane, rivercane being considered by many basket makers as the most traditional . . . — — Map (db m283140) HM
78 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — This Is Cherokee Land —
On Broadway Street (U.S. 25) south of Woodfin Street, on the right when traveling south.
The Anikituwahgi, now known as the Cherokee people, have lived in the southern Appalachian Mountains for more than 15,000 years. The ancestral Cherokee territory included parts of present-day North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama, . . . — — Map (db m283138) HM
79 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — This Is Cherokee Language —
On Broadway Street (U.S. 25) south of Woodfin Street, on the right when traveling south.
The Cherokee language has been spoken in these mountains for thousands of years. In 1821 a Cherokee man named Sequoyah created a way to write this ancient language. By giving a written symbol to every sound in the Cherokee language, Sequoyah created . . . — — Map (db m283139) HM
80 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — P-17 — Thomas Wolfe —
On College St..
Author of "Look Homeward Angel" (1929), "Of Time and the River", and other works. Home stands 200 yards N., birthplace 500 yds. N.E. — — Map (db m12706) HM
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81 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Thomas Wolfe House / Dixieland — Old Kentucky Home —
On N. Market Street.
Dixieland Asheville native Thomas Wolfe achieved international fame with the publication of his first full-length novel, Look Homeward, Angel, in 1929. Many of the incidents in the book took place in his mother's boardinghouse, "Old . . . — — Map (db m12757) HM
82 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Thomas Wolfe Memorial —
On North Market Street north of East Walnut Street, on the right when traveling north.
Thomas Clayton Wolle drew from the early years of growing up here in his hometown of Asheville for inspiration throughout his literary career. Born on October 3, 1900, Wolfe was the youngest of eight children to Julia Elizabeth Wolfe, the ambitious . . . — — Map (db m229411) HM
83 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — To Honor the Revolutionary Soldiers — Buried in Buncombe County, N.C. —
On College Street at Davidson Drive, on the right when traveling north on College Street.
James Alexander • Zebulon Baird • William Brittain • Adam Cooper • Samuel Davidson • William Davidson • Lot Harper • Joseph Harrison • William Moore • John Patton • Daniel Smith • Valentine Thrash • David Vance • Robert Williamson . . . — — Map (db m231266) HM
84 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Walk Into History —
Near South Pack Square (Alternate U.S. 74) east of Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25), on the right when traveling east.
The Urban Trail, a self-guided walk through historic downtown, begins here at the heart of the city, the public square. Philanthropist George Willis Pack, for whom the square was named in 1903, gave generously to the entire community. So too, the . . . — — Map (db m98369) HM
85 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — War with Spain — Insurrection in the Philippines and the China Relief Expedition —
On College Street near Davidson Drive, on the right when traveling north.
This marker is erected in loving memory of the men of Buncombe County who volunteered and served in the War with Spain, the insurrection in the Philippines and the China Relief Expedition, 1898 - 1902 — — Map (db m37194) HM
86 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — We Are Still Here —
On Broadway Street (U.S. 25) just south of Woodfin Street, on the right when traveling south.
A one-hour drive to the west is the Qualla Boundary, home to the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI). The EBCI is one of three Federally recognized Cherokee Tribes and are descendants of those who were able to resist the forced removal to the . . . — — Map (db m283142) HM
87 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Western North Carolina Veterans Memorial —
On College Street (U.S. 74) at Court House Plaza, on the right when traveling east on College Street.
[inscriptions, west center interior] "It is the Veteran:" It is the Veteran who has given us and defended Freedom of Religion. It is the Veteran who has given us and defended Freedom of Press. It is the Veteran who has given us . . . — — Map (db m30268) HM
88 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — P-88 — Young Men’s Institute —
On S. Market St. at Patton Ave. (U.S. 74) on S. Market St..
Est. 1892 as a center for social, moral, religious influence for blacks working at Biltmore. Businesses thrived in building 100 yards, S. — — Map (db m30151) HM
89 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Downtown — Zebulon Baird Vance
On Biltmore Avenue (U.S. 25) near Patton Avenue (U.S. 74E), on the right when traveling north. Reported permanently removed.
. . . — — Map (db m284499) HM
90 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, East End — Isaac And Delia Dickson —
On South Market Street south of Sycamore Street, on the right when traveling south.
Here, on this ground, community grew like a garden. Paving a way for economic freedom, newly emancipated Isaac and Delia Dickson (pictured at right w/ horse), worked, saved, & bought several tracts of land on Valley Street where they rented homes to . . . — — Map (db m209940) HM
91 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, East End — D5 — Isaac Dickson and the Historical East End Neighborhood — Black Cultural Heritage Trail —
On South Market Street at Beaumont Street, on the right when traveling north on South Market Street.
After the end of the Civil War, Black people began establishing enterprises in Asheville. Isaac Dickson's investments sparked a thriving business district and neighborhood that stretched from Eagle and Market streets into the present-day East . . . — — Map (db m267549) HM
92 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, East End — Railroad Workers —
On South Market Street at Sycamore Street, on the right when traveling south on South Market Street.
The railroad brought both prosperity and hardship: the state of NC leased over 3,500 black prisoners to build the rail, from Asheville to Murphy North Carolina.
The bees work Their work is taken from them. We are like the . . . — — Map (db m267563) HM
93 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, East End — Triangle Park Mural — 2012–2013 —
On South Market Street at Sycamore Street, on the right when traveling south on South Market Street.
This mural is dedicated to the history of this area, The Block & the East End, Asheville's oldest African-American neighborhood and business district. The early residents of the East End were former slaves . . . — — Map (db m267561) HM
94 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — 1st U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery — "Ready to Take the Field"
On Broadway near Mt. Clare Avenue, on the right when traveling north. Reported missing.
Gen. Davis Tillson raised 1,700-man 1st U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery in Tennessee and North Carolina in 1864. The unit encamped nearby while garrisoned in Asheville in 1865. Assigned to Tillson's 2nd brigade, the men participated in operations in . . . — — Map (db m294918) HM
95 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — Battle of Asheville — Kirby's Expedition —
On Campus Drive at Field Drive, on the right when traveling north on Campus Drive.
On April 3, 1865, Union Col. Isaac M. Kirby left Tennessee with 900 men including his own 101st Ohio Infantry for “a scout in the direction of Asheville.” Three days later, local resident Nicholas Woodfin spotted the Federals on the Buncombe . . . — — Map (db m209953) HM
96 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — PPP-1/P-56 — Battle of Asheville —
On Broadway (State Highway 1781), on the right when traveling north.
On April 3, 1865, Union Col. Isaac M. Kirby left East Tenn. with 1100 men on a raid against Asheville. On April 6, Kirby's force was defeated by local militia under Col. G. W. Clayton. Earthworks remain 100 yds. N. — — Map (db m55543) HM
97 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — P-32 — Jeter C. Pritchard —
On E Chestnut St at Merrimon Ave. on E Chestnut St.
United States Senator, 1895-1903. Republican leader, newspaperman, federal judge. His home is 3/10 mile east; grave is 1.3 mi. west. — — Map (db m12708) HM
98 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — P-44 — Kiffin Y. Rockwell —
On Merrimon Avenue (U.S. 25) at Hillside Street, on the right when traveling south on Merrimon Avenue.
World War I soldier, aviator. First pilot of Escadrille Lafayette to shoot down enemy plane. Killed in action, Sept. 23, 1916. Home 200 yds. W. — — Map (db m31325) HM
99 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — P-22 — Locke Craig — 1860 - 1924 —
On Chestnut Street at Broadway Street, on the right when traveling west on Chestnut Street.
Governor, 1913-1917. He created the state highway & fisheries commissions, est. Mt. Mitchell State Park. Lived ˝ mi. W. — — Map (db m57111) HM
100 ► North Carolina, Buncombe County, Asheville, Five Points — P-3 — Riverside Cemetery —
On Broadway Street at Ocala Street, on the left when traveling north on Broadway Street.
Graves of Thomas Wolfe & "O. Henry," authors; Zebulon B. Vance, governor; Thomas L. Clingman and Robert R. Reynolds, U.S. senators. One-half mile W. — — Map (db m97532) HM

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Oct. 10, 2026