On 3rd Street north of Blair Street, on the right when traveling north.
On June 9, 1972 the towns of Rapid City and Keystone were decimated by a flash flood which claimed a total of 238 lives. Rain began in late afternoon and continued through the night, increasing in intensity, with sky-splitting lightning. Within . . . — — Map (db m312512) HM
On Swanzey Street east of Winter Street (U.S. 16A), on the left when traveling east.
On June 9, 1972 the towns of Rapid City and Keystone were decimated by a flash flood which claimed a total of 238 lives. Rain began in late afternoon and continued through the night, increasing in intensity, with sky-splitting lightning. Within . . . — — Map (db m312956) HM
On Winter Street (U.S. 16A), on the left when traveling north.
Heavy thunderstorms on the afternoon and evening of June 9th, 1972, caused Battle Creek to flood this area. The water reached the elevation of this flood benchmark. — — Map (db m312931) HM
Born: February 12, 1809, in a log cabin in Harden (now Larue) County, Kentucky
Married: Mary Todd (1818-1882), November 4, 1842
Children: Robert Todd, Edward Baker, William Wallace, and Thomas "Tad"
Died: April 15, 1865, Washington, D.C., . . . — — Map (db m89398) HM
The Galena Fire consumed 16,788 acres, mostly within the borders of Custer State Park. More than $2.1 million was spent fighting the fire, and about $4.4 million worth of timber burned. None of Custer State Park's buildings were damaged, no people . . . — — Map (db m45351) HM
Ancient stone circles can be found across the landscapes of North America. Often the "spokes" are aligned with the cardinal directions, significant locations, or constellations. These structures act as astronomical clocks, denoting significant . . . — — Map (db m277206) HM
On Madill Street (State Highway 40) at Blair Street, on the right when traveling north on Madill Street.
In 1893 exploration for gold began at the Gold Hill Lode claim, the present location of the Big Thunder Gold Mine. The exploration tunnel, known as the Krupp Tunnel, was "driven" by two German miners, Fred Sierth and August Engel. The Big . . . — — Map (db m312480) HM
On U.S. 16 just west of Calumet Road, on the right when traveling west.
Looking across the highway to the left, you have a view of the Black Elk Wilderness and Harney Peak. This 13,424-acre wilderness was designated by Congress in 1980. The wilderness was named for Black Elk, a Holy Man of the Oglala Sioux. Harney . . . — — Map (db m312668) HM
On Winter Street (U.S. 16A) south of Swanzey Street, on the right when traveling south.
Carrie Ingalls Swanzey, sister of Laura Ingalls Wilder, lived in Keystone for thirty-five years. Coming
here from De Smet, SD Carrie ran the local newspaper until 1912 when she married David Swanzey,
a widower with two young children, Mary and . . . — — Map (db m312929) HM
Near South Dakota Route 244 1.6 miles west of U.S. 16A.
For Native Peoples in the Black Hills region, celestial and earthly locations are inextricably intertwined. Every year, from the Vernal Equinox to the Summer Solstice, spiritual leaders follow a map of the Black Hills located amongst the stars, . . . — — Map (db m277245) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) at Blair Street, on the right when traveling north on 1st Street.
Charles Upham from Hermosa, SD owned and operated the Upham Saloon. Like many mining camps, there were many saloons in Keystone. The disgruntled wife of one of its regular customers allegedly torched the Upham Saloon in 1908. The fire not only . . . — — Map (db m312811) HM
Doane Robinson (1856-1946) was the South Dakota state historian from 1901 to 1926. Speaking to the Black and Yellow Trail Association in January 1924, Robinson proposed his idea to carve legendary figures of the American West into the Black Hills . . . — — Map (db m184424) HM
On Blair Street at 2nd Street, on the right when traveling west on Blair Street.
The Congregational Church was organized in the Willis Bower home in August 1895. In March of 1896, a motion was adopted "to proceed at once with the erection of a church building, the probable cost of said building, duly furnished, being . . . — — Map (db m312915) HM
On 3rd Street north of Blair Street, on the right when traveling north.
has been recognized as a
historic building by the
Keystone Area Historical Society
This is the original hand-hewn schoolhouse built in the early 1890s which "housed forty students in eight grades, one teacher and few . . . — — Map (db m312516) HM
Contributing Factors For several months prior to the Galena Fire, weather conditions were unusually hot and dry. Average annual precipitation for this region is 18 inches. In the 12 months before the fire only 11 inches fell in the Park.The . . . — — Map (db m45350) HM
Born: February 22, 1732, Westmoreland County, Virginia
Married: Martha Danbridge Curtis, (1732-1802), January 6, 1759
Children: John and Martha Curtis (adopted)
Died: December 14, 1799, at Mount Vernon, Virginia
Education: No formal . . . — — Map (db m89399) HM
On State Highway 244 1.1 miles west of Iron Mountain Road (Alternate U.S. 16), on the right when traveling west.
His birthplace was Idaho. California first taught him art. Then France, who first gave him fame. England welcomed him. America called him home. His genius for the exquisite as for the colossal gave permanence on canvas, in bronze, in marble, to . . . — — Map (db m134568) HM
On Scenic State Highway 16A, on the left when traveling south.
His birthplace was Idaho. California first taught him art. Then France, who first gave him fame. England welcomed him. America called him home. His genius for the exquisite as for the colossal, gave permanence on canvas, in bronze, in marble, to . . . — — Map (db m49105) HM
On Mitchell Street west of 1st Street (State Highway 40), on the right when traveling west.
This is the second icehouse for Halley's Store in Keystone, built in the 1930s by James Halley III. He built a small dam on Battle Creek, about a mile west of Keystone, and transported the ice to the store by truck. In earlier years ice was cut . . . — — Map (db m312652) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) just north of Blair Street, on the right when traveling north.
John M. Hayes and his brother Patrick F. Hayes were millwrights. After completing the
construction of the mill for the Harney Peak Tin Mining, Milling, and Manufacturing Company
(Harney Peak Tin Company for short) at the top of Tin Mill Hill . . . — — Map (db m312808) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40), on the right when traveling north.
This house, which was built in the 1890s for Henry Loomis and his family, was one of the original residences in Keystone. Mr. Loomis was one of many blacksmiths in Keystone. It also served as the Goodyear Hotel (as shown) and as a boarding house . . . — — Map (db m312927) HM
On Mitchell Street at 2nd Street, on the left when traveling west on Mitchell Street.
1. Mount Rushmore National Memorial.
2. The first schoolhouse in Keystone, built in the early 1[8]40s from
hand-hewn logs.
3. Keystone School, built between 1899 and 1901. On the National
Register of Historic Places.
4. A . . . — — Map (db m312646) HM
Almighty God, from this pulpit of stone the American people render thanksgiving and praise for the new era of civilization brought forth upon this continent. Centuries of tyrannical oppression sent to these shores, God-fearing men to seek in freedom . . . — — Map (db m89493) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) north of Mitchell Street, on the left when traveling north.
The Holy Terror Mine was discovered June 28, 1894, by William Franklin and Cora Stone, his adopted daughter. It was a very successful mine. On Sept. 6, 1896, a fire threatened the lives of three miners trapped in the depths of the Keystone . . . — — Map (db m312791) HM
On Iron Mountain Road (U.S. 16A) 0.5 miles west of North Playhouse Road (County Highway 359), on the right when traveling north.
Called Paha Sapa, hills that are black by the Oglala Sioux, this forested island rises 4,000 feet above the surrounding plains. From the prairie, these distant hills appear black. Covered with thick stands of ponderosa pine on the hills, and . . . — — Map (db m258981) HM
On Mitchell Street west of Madill Street (State Highway 40), on the left when traveling west.
[Left photo captions, top and bottom, read]
1868 Black Hills given to the Sioux
In November 1868, Red Cloud signs the Treaty of Fort Laramie which gives the Sioux the Black Hills as part of a reservation. To the Sioux, the Black Hills is . . . — — Map (db m312561) HM
On 3rd Street north of Blair Street, on the right when traveling north.
The Keystone School was built between 1899 and 1901 by Nick Shoemaker, John Bobier, Tom and Frank McGonigal, and George Smith. Located on the hillside overlooking the booming gold town, it was a very large and impressive building with Victorian . . . — — Map (db m312494) HM
On Mitchell Street west of 1st Street (State Route 40), on the right when traveling west.
This store was built in the 1890s as the Keystone Trading Company. It was the largest general merchandising establishment in the area and was fully stocked with "everything to meet the needs of miners and their families." A prominent businessman, . . . — — Map (db m312656) HM
On U.S. 16A at Cemetery Road, on the right when traveling south on U.S. 16A.
[Photo captions, clockwise from left, read]
Martha Linde's Special Golden Valley - (Circa 1925). Looking west (L- R) is Mount
Rushmore (before carving), Mount Baldy which Borglum once commented about carving Teddy
Roosevelt on a . . . — — Map (db m312985) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) at Mitchell Street, on the right when traveling south on 1st Street.
Eugene B. Hultz, M.D. of Hill City, SD built this office in 1928 to better serve the residents of Keystone. He was a typical country doctor who made house calls and carried a black bag. It was reported that once during a snow storm he traveled . . . — — Map (db m312674) HM
1923 Colossal sculpture in the Black Hills first suggested by Doane Robinson.
1924 Gutzon Borglum's first visit to the Black Hills.
1927 Address by President Calvin Coolidge at Mount Rushmore and first actual drilling.
1929 Senator . . . — — Map (db m89492) HM
The Mountain View Cemetery in Keystone is the only cemetery in the world with a view of Mount Rushmore. The original land was part of the Harney National Forest and was originally deeded to the Modern Woodmen of America, a fraternal lodge, and . . . — — Map (db m312958) HM
Norbeck Wildlife Preserve
Created by Act of Congress, 1949
Peter Norbeck 1870 – 1936
Well driller, Statesman, first native Governor of South Dakota, U.S. Senator, founder of Custer State Park, sponsor of Mount Rushmore . . . — — Map (db m4395) HM
On Iron Mountain Road (U.S. 16A) near Highway 244.
In 1932, Cecil Clyde Gideon, forged ahead with the design of the Pigtail Bridges when many felt it couldnt be done. C.C., as he was called, was a pioneer in the Black Hills, making his mark as a master builder, architect, craftsman, lawman, . . . — — Map (db m89460) HM
Over 450,000 tons of rock were removed from Mount Rushmore to bring out the four presidential faces. Although about 90% of the rock was removed with dynamite, the remaining rock was removed by drilling with jackhammers and wedging the rock off the . . . — — Map (db m89491) HM
On South Dakota Route 244 3.1 miles west of U.S. 16A, on the left when traveling west.
George Washington's powerful profile is so
perfectly placed here that you might assume sculptor Gutzon Borglum planned it. But like many great events and feats, it was purely accidental.
Borglum intended to put Thomas Jefferson on . . . — — Map (db m277203) HM
On Winter Street (U.S. 16A), on the left when traveling south.
Henry Ward Beecher, 1813 - 1887.
A fervent abolitionist, this influential minister
purchased the freedom of slave children.
Commissioned by Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, NY. — — Map (db m312613) HM
Near State Highway 244, on the right when traveling west.
19271941
Anderson, Dorothy ·
Anderson, Norman E. "Hap" ·
Anderson, Oscar A. ·
Anderson, Otto E. "Red" ·
Anderson, Peter "Pete" ·
Andrew, Cecil M. ·
Anton, Edward "Tony" "Pee-Wee" ·
Aronson, J. A. ·
Arundel, Russell · . . . — — Map (db m2114) HM
On Winter Street (U.S. 16A), on the left when traveling south.
Commissioned for Military Park
located in Newark, New Jersey.
Original plaster inside.
[This copy] Cast in cooperation
with Newark New Jersey — — Map (db m312580) HM
Near South Dakota Route 244 1.6 miles west of U.S. 16A.
The Black Hills and the surrounding area are spiritually and emotionally significant to numerous Native nations as sites of historical and continued importance.
Buffalo Gap
Buffalo Gap, carved by the hooves of bison, serves as . . . — — Map (db m277210) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) north of Mitchell Street, on the right when traveling north.
On this location, Ernest "Peg Leg" Haase, the last blacksmith in Keystone, operated the last blacksmith shop in town, seen here behind a mounted contingent of the 4th Cavalry in the 1920s. Peg Leg (also called Peggy) remarkably was able to do . . . — — Map (db m312682) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) at Franklin Street, on the left when traveling north on 1st Street.
The McDonald Hotel, which was located on this site, was considered one of the finest and most luxurious hotels in the Black Hills
during the 1890s. The main floor housed the lobby, kitchen, and dining room of the hotel. The horseless carriage . . . — — Map (db m312806) HM
Born: October 27, 1858, New York, New York
Married: Alice Hathaway Lee (1861-1884), October 27, 1880; Edith Kermit Carow (1861-1848), December 2, 1886
Children: Alice, Theodore, Jr., Kermit, Ethel, Archibald, Quentin
Died: January 6, . . . — — Map (db m89459) HM
On Presidential Trail west of Highway 244, on the right when traveling west.
Thomas Jefferson
I have learnt to expect that it will rarely fall to the lot of imperfect man to retire from this station with the reputation & the favor which bring him into it. - First Inaugural Address, March 4, . . . — — Map (db m313513) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) at Franklin Street, on the right when traveling north on 1st Street.
[Inset photo shows] Tom Hoy, a local pharmacist, and Gutzon Borglum, the sculptor of Mount Rushmore, in front of the Hoy Drug Store in 1931. Mr. Hoy never owned a car and Mr. Borglum seldom drove one. Mr. Hoy is reported to have done the work of . . . — — Map (db m312804) HM
Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) refers to insights and land management practices developed over generations in
relation to one's surrounding environment.
These practices help to guide natural processes in a way that creates desirable . . . — — Map (db m277213) HM
On Mitchell Street at 2nd Street, on the left when traveling west on Mitchell Street.
The U.S. 4th Cavalry is on bivouac in the 1930s.
As part of their training they set up a temporary,
overnight camp in Keystone. — — Map (db m312614) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) north of Franklin Street, on the left when traveling north.
In front of you is the icehouse from the first official U.S. Forest Service Ranger Station of the Black Hills located three miles south of Nemo, SD. It served as an icehouse from 1915-1948. Blocks of ice were cut out of Box Elder Creek, and . . . — — Map (db m312807) HM
Near South Dakota Route 244 1.6 miles west of U.S. 16A.
The westward encroachment of settlers to the Plains radically impacted Tribal Nations as part of a series of events
that would forever change their traditional lifestyles, culture, and access to homelands. Among these changes was the . . . — — Map (db m277226) HM
Wilderness
For thousands of years, American Indians hunted here, sought visions and peace. The wilderness area to the south was named for Black Elk, an Oglala Sioux Holy Man. In this area he said,
"There when I was young the . . . — — Map (db m313554) HM
On U.S. 16 just west of Calumet Road, on the right when traveling west.
Uniquely American, the National Wilderness Preservation System was established by Congress under the Wilderness Act of 1964. It was created, in the words of the Wilderness Act, to secure for the American people of present and future generations . . . — — Map (db m312691) HM
It would seem that a large forest fire would destroy an area for wildlife. However, the Galena Fire has improved much of the Park's wildlife habitat. The fire created many open meadows where grasses and shrubs are now growing. The mixture of meadow . . . — — Map (db m45352) HM
On 1st Street (State Highway 40) at Franklin Street, on the right when traveling north on 1st Street.
The Franklin Hotel was built on this site by the
founder and namesake of the Holy Terror Mine,
William Franklin. In 1891 William Franklin, also
known as Rocky Mountain Frank, and his partners,
Jacob Reed and Tom Blair, located the . . . — — Map (db m312805) HM
