Here Lee and Jackson had their headquarters. Here, August 24, 1862, they formed the plan to attack Popes line of supply and bring him to battle before McClellan could join him. — — Map (db m23959) HM
Culpeper County. Area 284 square miles. Formed in 1748 from Orange, and named for Lord Culpeper, Governor of Virginia 16801683. The battle of Cedar Mountain, 1862, was fought in this county.
Rappahannock County. . . . — — Map (db m8293) HM
Stuart, starting here with his cavalry on August 22, 1862, rode around Pope's army to Catlett's Station. He destroyed supplies and army material and captured Pope's headquarters wagons. — — Map (db m7729) HM
The village of Waterloo, with stores, warehouses, and two woolen factories, developed here along both sides of the Rappahannock River in the mid-19th century. The settlement was the terminus of a canal system that transported goods to and from . . . — — Map (db m216877) HM
On February 11, 1864, a petite New Jersey Quaker woman who had just turned 24 stepped off a train at Brandy Station and made her way into the massive 1863-1864 winter camp of the Army of the Potomac that covered the rolling hills in front of you. . . . — — Map (db m280435) HM
Following his stunning victory at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee formulated a plan to invade the North. In preparation for his army's secret withdrawal from Fredericksburg, Lee ordered his cavalry into Culpeper County . . . — — Map (db m91461) HM
John Strode, a prominent Revolutionary War gun manufacturer, built his manor house, Fleetwood, in the late 1700s. Strode was a friend of President Thomas Jefferson, who often stayed here when traveling between Monticello and Washington, D.C. The . . . — — Map (db m97488) HM
On the evening of June 8, 1863, Confederate Gen. J.E.B. Stuart and his headquarters staff camped on the northern edge of Fleetwood Hill. Early the next morning, heavy gunfire from the direction of Beverly's Ford (three miles to your left rear), . . . — — Map (db m97490) HM
The 1863 campaigns for Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Bristoe Station, and Mine Run exacted an immense toll upon the Army of the Potomac. Union Gen. George G. Meade deemed it vital to rest his command. War Department officials also used this . . . — — Map (db m97493) HM
Driven from Fleetwood Hill, the Union cavalry pulled back toward the Rappahannock River and halted just beyond cannon range. Observing that the sullen Federals refused to depart, Confederate Gen. J.E.B. Stuart consolidated his defensive line around . . . — — Map (db m97494) HM
Confederate Gen. J.E.B. Stuart realized that his headquarters here was overrun and that Gen. William E. Jones's Brigade was fighting to survive. Stuart ordered Gen. Wade Hampton's Brigade to fall back from the St. James Church line and recapture . . . — — Map (db m97495) HM
Union Lt. Col. Percy Wyndham advanced his command from Brandy Station and centered his attack on this spot. To your right, the 1st New Jersey Cavalry ascended the slope. The 1st Maryland Cavalry occupied the center, and to your left, circling around . . . — — Map (db m97501) HM
After crossing at Kelley's Ford, Col. Duffie's division on their way to Stevensburg, were met by a small Confederate force just east of Stevensburg, on Hansboro Ridge. Duffie's huge force easily pushed through the Confederates who were badly . . . — — Map (db m103532) HM
The commanding view from Fleetwood Hill rendered this “Famous Plateau” an ideal observation post during the war. Today the view looks much as it did in the 1860s.
1. STONY MOUNTAIN
The headwaters of the Rapidan River flow from . . . — — Map (db m131546) HM
The commanding view from Fleetwood Hill rendered this “Famous Plateau” an ideal observation post during the war. Today the view looks much as it did in the 1860s.
1. COLES HILL
During the winter of 1864, Federal Second Corps . . . — — Map (db m154527) HM
The wing under Union Brig. David Gregg crossed Kelly's Ford at 6:00 A.M., discovering the direct route to link up with the wing that crossed at Beverly Ford blocked. But scouts
discovered the Confederates had neglected to guard the road leading to . . . — — Map (db m239190) HM
Confederate horsemen numbering 9500 under the command of Gen. J.E.B. Stuart were concentrated around Brandy Station in preparation of the upcoming raid into Pennsylvania - which would culminate at Gettysburg. The Federal army, being aware of the . . . — — Map (db m280445) HM
Welcome to the Brandy Station battlefield. If you stood here on June 9, 1863, you would have beheld a scene of terrible carnage as horsemen in blue and gray clashed in the largest cavalry battle of the Civil War. You could have seen the Union . . . — — Map (db m280449) HM
Welcome to the Brandy Station battlefield. If you stood here on June 9, 1863, you would have beheld a scene of terrible carnage as horsemen in blue and gray clashed in the largest cavalry battle of the Civil War. you could have seen cavalrymen . . . — — Map (db m280452) HM
"Early in the morning, I was aroused by a courier ... announcing that the enemy had crossed the river in considerable force ... I hastily collected a portion of my regiment amounting to about 150 men, and charged down the road toward Beverly . . . — — Map (db m280454) HM
In addition to it's rich Civil War history, Culpepper County has a deep connection to the American Revolution. When the British parliament implemented the Stamp Act in 1765, requiring colonists to pay a tax on various forms of paper, Culpepper's . . . — — Map (db m280478) HM
Across the field on the knoll stood Union army commander Gen. George G. Meade's headquartersthe heart of the Army of the Potomac during the winter of 1863-1864. Appointed to the position just 19 days after the Battle of Brandy Station, Meade . . . — — Map (db m289267) HM
If you follow the path into the woods on the other side of the road, you will reach the site and adjoining cemetery of St. James Episcopal Church. Founded by Richard H. Cunningham and his neighbors in 1840, the two-story brick chapel served . . . — — Map (db m289352) HM
As the fighting intensified throughout the morning, Union Gen. John Buford brought the remainder of his wing from the Army of the Potomac's cavalry corps across Beverly's Ford. Buford "pushed to the front to examine the country and to find out how . . . — — Map (db m289356) HM
Greatest cavalry battle of the Civil War Fought June 9, 1863 Gen. J.E.B. Stuart defeated Gen. A. Pleasonton Confederates engaged 10,200. Federals 10,900 Casualties, Confederates, 485, Federals 866 This is Fleetwood Hill The crucial position . . . — — Map (db m289405) HM
Col. H. Judson Kilpatrick formed his brigade on an open plateau to the southeast of Fleetwood Hill, 900 yards from here. He soon received orders to support Lt. Col. Percy Wyndham's Brigade, now fiercely engaged with Gen. William E. Jones's Brigade . . . — — Map (db m289760) HM
The ridge ahead of Fleetwood Hill; headquarters of Confederate cavalry commander Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart on the eve of the June 9, 1863 battle of Brandy Station. Confederate horsemen did not expect to fight that day, but instead begin a movement . . . — — Map (db m290048) HM
Here on 9 June 1863, the largest cavalry battle in North America occurred when 9,500 troopers fought 8,000 cavalrymen under Union Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton. This daylong battle, the opening engagement of the Gettysburg campaign, erupted when the . . . — — Map (db m2574) HM
On January 25, 1863, Union general Joseph "Fighting Joe" Hooker replaced Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside as the fifth commander of the demoralized eastern armies in less than two years. On taking charge of the Army of the Potomac, Hooker implemented . . . — — Map (db m154485) HM
On March 17, 1863, Union Gen. William W. Averell led 2,100 horsemen to the northern bank of the Rappahannock River at Kelly's Ford, four miles in front of you, under orders to "rout or destroy" Confederate Gen. Fitzhugh Lee and his cavalry command . . . — — Map (db m154487) HM
Two miles south is the grave of Betty Washington Lewis, the younger sister of George Washington. She was born in Westmoreland County in 1733 and married Fielding Lewis in May 1750, becoming his second wife. Her husband purchased land in 1752 and . . . — — Map (db m282197) HM
With deep gratitude the country Garden Club dedicates this living war memorial to the men and women of the Armed Forces for their heroic services in World War II — — Map (db m291570) WM
George C. Hupp, Sergeant in K Company,
8th Illinois Cavalry, was wounded at Brandy
Station Battlefield on June 9, 1863. In his
Memory Great-Great-Great Grandson William J.
Hupp, Glen Ellyn, Illinois, happily made a
leadership . . . — — Map (db m154528) WM
The Battle of Brandy Station actually occurred in several locations, miles apart. A mile in front of you is Hansborough Ridge. Late in the morning of June 9, 1863, a division of the Union Cavalry under Col. Alfred Duffie approached the ridge from . . . — — Map (db m103534) HM
(south face)
In memory of Major John Pelham. Born Sept. 7, 1838 in Calhoun Co. Ala. Mortally wounded March 17, 1863 near Kelleys Ford, Va.
(east face)
Base stone from Kellys Ford battlefield near spot where Pelham fell.
. . . — — Map (db m154526) HM
William Henry Fitzhugh Payne (1830-1904) of Fauquier County, VA formed the famed "Black Horse Cavalry" (later called the 4th VA) as a militia company in June, 1859. Payne joined the Confederacy at the war's outset as a citizen soldier and earned . . . — — Map (db m238462) HM
Serving the public as a crossing of Mountain Run on the Carolina Road (Raleigh to Philadelphia) from Colonial days until 1900, when a single lane, three span, steel truss bridge was constructed, just west of the dam. This bridge was replaced in the . . . — — Map (db m103529) HM
On this plain Lee reviewed his cavalry, June 8, 1863. The next day the cavalry battle of Brandy Station was fought. On June 10, Ewell's Corps, from its camp near here, began the march to Pennsylvania. — — Map (db m301784) HM
War has many faces and the residents of Culpeper County saw them all. Brandy Station played an important role in the Battle of Brandy Station on June 9, 1863, though the Union and Confederate armies never clashed in the streets of the little town. A . . . — — Map (db m4427) HM
The 1863-1864 winter encampment proved a busy time for the Army of the Potomac. "There was something fascinating about our winter city of 100,000 men," a staff officer recalled. "Many pleasant recollections cluster around the old camp at Brandy . . . — — Map (db m190831) HM
On the night of December 1, 1863, following its unsuccessful advance against Robert E. Lee's Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the Mine Run Campaign, a cold and tired Army of the Potomac withdrew across the Rapidan River and returned to . . . — — Map (db m280448) HM
The Federal forces of Brig. Gen. John Buford, Brig. Gen. David Gregg, and Col. Thomas Devin (whose command held the area around St. James Church) had almost encircled the Confederates, though none of the Union commanders had planned it so. Unknown . . . — — Map (db m4418) HM
After Col. Wyndham's assaults, Col. Judson Kilpatrick's Federal brigade crossed the Orange and Alexandria Railroad and stormed Fleetwood Hill from the southeast. The fight for Fleetwood Hill - a classic cavalry battle fought on horseback - became a . . . — — Map (db m4421) HM
Here the old Carolina Road crosses the southern part of Fleetwood Hill, some of the highest ground in the area. On the slope ahead of you Maj. Gen. James Ewell Brown (J.E.B.) Stuart, commander of Robert E. Lee's cavalry, pitched his headquarters . . . — — Map (db m4424) HM
Failing to break through Maj. Gen. J.E.B. Stuart's Confederates at St. James Church, Brig. Gen. John Buford swung his force north and west to turn the Confederate left flank. Confederate Brig. Gen. William Henry Fitzhugh "Rooney" Lee, son of Robert . . . — — Map (db m167004) HM
By 7 a.m. on June 9, Brig. Gen. John Buford had his Union troops in position. Brig. Gen. Adelbert Ames' Federal brigade of infantry straddled the Beverly Ford Road. To Ames' left (where the airport is now) was the 1st Cavalry Division, commanded by . . . — — Map (db m202996) HM
On June 9, 1863, the Civil War visited the river fords, farmer's fields and rolling hills near Brandy Station. During the intense daylong fighting that swirled all around the little town, Confederate and Union horsemen clashed in the largest . . . — — Map (db m281055) HM
Both Union and Confederate armies used horse artillery to assist cavalry. When firing erupted at Beverly Ford on the morning of June 9, 1863, Major Robert F. Beckham's battalion of Confederate horse artillery (16 guns and some 500 men) was . . . — — Map (db m281057) HM
Rivers and river crossings played an important role in many Civil War battles, including the Battle of Brandy Station. A mile northwest of this spot is the site of Beverly Ford, where the cavalry of both the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia . . . — — Map (db m281969) HM
Several hundred yards behind you, in the copse of trees, is the site of the St. James Church. Union soldiers tore down the small brick structure for materials to make their quarters during the winter of 1863-1864, when the Army of the Potomac . . . — — Map (db m289354) HM
June 9, 1863 - 12:30 pm to 3:00 pm This map prepared from the first hand account of Col. Butler, other historians, and the personal account of the family, who in the early 1950s cleared, leveled and ditched this bottom for cultivation, . . . — — Map (db m103533) HM
On 5 May 1864, thousands of United States Colored Troops entered Culpeper County at Kelly's Ford, six miles southeast of here, marking the first time Black troops served alongside the Army of the Potomac. These men, including some who had escaped . . . — — Map (db m280444) HM
Scores of soldiers passed through Brandy Station during the Civil War, and the "Graffiti House" in front of you literally tells the story of wartime events. Soldiers from both sides scrawled signatures, sketches, and messages upon the walls. . . . — — Map (db m280437) HM
Confederate cavalry chief Gen. J.E.B. Stuart and Maj. John Pelham, the commander of Stuarts Horse Artillery, frequented the Virginia House Hotel and often visited the Shackelford family across the street. A warm friendship developed between . . . — — Map (db m12496) HM
(Front):To the memory of Twenty-two officers and soldiers of the 10th Maine Volunteer Infantry killed at Cedar Mountain, Va., August 9th, 1862. (Back): Capt. Andrew C. Cloudman Co. E. 1st Lieut. James C. Folsom, Co. H. Sergt. George . . . — — Map (db m13454) HM
28th Regt. New York State Volunteer Infantry 1st Brig. 1st Div. 12th Corps Army of the Potomac Organized at Albany, N.Y., May 18, 1861 in response to the first call for volunteers. Mustered into the United States service for two years, May 22, . . . — — Map (db m13459) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Street Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170187) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Street Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170186) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170726) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170716) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170733) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170711) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170710) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170712) HM
Civil War Dead
An estimated 700,000 Union and Confederate soldiers died in the Civil War between April 1861 and April 1865. As the death toll rose, the U.S. government struggled with the urgent but unplanned need to bury fallen Union . . . — — Map (db m185505) HM
The area to the south was the center of commerce in the early 1900s. It was here that retail shops, repair shops, hardware stores, restaurants, hotels and services flourished. In this era, blacks owned and operated nearly half the businesses in the . . . — — Map (db m8637) HM
Ambrose Powell Hill, who went by the name Powell, son of a prominent Culpeper planter and merchant, lived in this house from age 4 until he entered West Point at age 16. Named for an uncle and small in stature, the citizens of Culpeper knew him as . . . — — Map (db m288431) HM
This hallowed ground witnessed a furious struggle during the largest cavalry action of the Civil War in the opening engagement of the Gettysburg Campaign.
This portion of the Brandy Station is preserved with the help of a Federal grant from . . . — — Map (db m131512) HM
Fought August 9, 1862. A Confederate victory. Commanders Confederate, Gen. T.J. "Stonewall" Jackson Federals, Gen. John Pope Casualties, Confederate, 1369. Federal, 2263 Gen. C.S. Winder, C.S.A. fell here This is the only battlefield on . . . — — Map (db m180942) HM
While Union Gen. Christopher C. Augur's division battled in the cornfield to your left, Union Gen. Alpheus S. Williams launched his own attack across the field where you now stand, which was then broken by shocks of tall wheat. The death of Gen. . . . — — Map (db m184365) HM
"The infantry were posted in line of battle on the right of the battery, and cheerfully awaited the order which would bring them more actively into the deadly conflict." Gen. John Pope, USA
"I have come to help whip the Yankees . . . — — Map (db m185346) HM
"The rattle of musketry, the shouting, cheering and yelling was deafening. The smoke of battle made it impossible to see but a short distance. The leaves and small limbs were falling thick and the bark from the timber flying in . . . — — Map (db m256708) HM
During the afternoon of 9 Aug. 1862, Confederate Maj. Gen. Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson's division led by Maj. Gen. Richard S. Ewell and Brig. Gen. Charles S. Winder fought Union troops led by Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks about three miles south. . . . — — Map (db m288573) HM
Near here Jackson formed line of battle and received the attack of Banks Corps of Pope's army. From here he attacked in turn, driving the Union force northward. — — Map (db m184160) HM
Three structures have occupied this site including Bell Tavern (1790s-1845), Macoy house (1850s-1940s), and the present building which has served as a pharmacy and restaurant. Bell Tavern, named for the large bell that stood in front, was operated . . . — — Map (db m291458) HM
In the summer of 1862, Federal Gen. John Pope threatened to retaliate against Southern civilians who tried to thwart the efforts of his new army. The threats prompted Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee to issue Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson the . . . — — Map (db m183987) HM
Civil War soldiers were originally buried where they bravely fought and died during battles at Cedar Mountain, Trevilians Station, Gordonsville, Brandy Station and surrounding area. Following the Civil War the remains of 912 soldiers whose names are . . . — — Map (db m202787) HM
Col. John Jameson (1751-1810) owned land nearby. He served as the Culpeper County court clerk (1772-1810) and a captain in the Culpeper Minute Men battalion during the Revolutionary War. In Sept. 1780, while serving under Gen. Benedict Arnold in New . . . — — Map (db m23962) HM
Born in 1751, John Jameson was a resident of Culpeper, Virginia, and belonged to the distinguished Jameson Virginian family. During the Spring of 1775 under an old Oak tree in Culpeper, Virginia, he volunteered with other men from Culpeper, Orange, . . . — — Map (db m290411) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170714) HM
The Culpeper Baptist Church, originally known as Mount Poney Baptist Church, was founded in 1774 by David Thomas and Nathaniel Saunders. The Mount Poney Church got its name from its location on the side of Mount Poney, some two miles southeast of . . . — — Map (db m307320) HM
During the winter of 1863-64, Federal officers quartered in many of Culpepers homes. The surrounding landscape was dotted with tents and huts for ten square miles as nearly 100,000 soldiers encamped. Gen. U.S. Grant, commander of all Federal . . . — — Map (db m8419) HM
Following the Gettysburg Campaign, Federal officials sought to verify rumors that a substantial part of Gen. Robert E. Lees Confederate army had been detached. On September 13, 1863, Federal cavalry moved down the tracks from your left, under . . . — — Map (db m288428) HM
Col. Lawrence Taliaferro - Orange County
Lt. Col. Edward Stevens - Culpeper County
Maj. Thomas Marshall - Fauquier County
Culpeper County Companies
Abraham Burford's
John Jameson's
William McClanahan's
John William's . . . — — Map (db m290480) WM
On the hill to the south the famous Culpeper Minute Men were organized in 1775. John Marshall, later chief Justice of the Supreme Court, was a Lieutenant. — — Map (db m288425) HM
Virginia's third Revolutionary Convention, which met in the summer of 1775 as royal authority was collapsing in the colony, passed an ordinance establishing 16 units of minute men for the colony's defense. Recruits from Culpeper, Fauquier, and . . . — — Map (db m288426) HM
Seat of War
Railroads connecting Washington, D.C., and Richmond crossed Culpeper County, Virginia, so this area witnessed major Civil War battles. Both Union and Confederate armies occupied this area throughout the war. In 1861, the . . . — — Map (db m170182) HM
This is the site of the first (1750-1808) and second (1809-1870) courthouses of Culpeper County, thought to be laid out by Culpeper County's first surveyor, George Washington in 1749. At the first courthouse, two important events occurred. On . . . — — Map (db m290912) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170723) HM
The Eckington School was built in 1895 as
a frame, one-room school for African American
students from the nearby communities of
Eckington and Poplar Ridge. The school
building is typical of the ungraded schools of
the 19th century that had all . . . — — Map (db m59522) HM
National Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Eppa Rixey was born on May 3, 1891. Rixey played for the Philadelphia Phillies (NL) and the Cincinnati Reds (NL) during a career that spanned 21 years. He was nicknamed "Jeptha" by a sportswriter who liked the . . . — — Map (db m12562) HM
This house
is a contributing building to the
South East Historic District
designated as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
and placed on the
National Register of Historic Places — — Map (db m170719) HM
Here is buried General Edward Stevens, who served at Brandywine, Camden, Guilford Courthouse and Yorktown. He died on August 17, 1820. — — Map (db m23960) HM
In 1749 at the age of 17, George Washington received a commission from the College of William & Mary to become Surveyor for the newly formed Culpeper County, his first surveying job.
He is shown here with a "circumferentor", a . . . — — Map (db m171380) HM
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