201 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, Pleasant Plains — The Lovers' Stroll…A Legacy Begins / Constitutionally Bound —

The Lovers' Stroll…A Legacy Begins Charles Robert Samuel Taylor, a member of Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, which was founded on Howard University's campus on January 9, 1914, envisioned a sister organization that would give life and . . . — — Map (db m174830) HM

202 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, Pleasant Plains — Will Marion Cook Family Residence Site — 2232 Sixth Street, NW — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

Will Marion Cook (1869-1944) was an internationally renowned violinist and composer. After studying music at Oberlin College (Ohio) and the National Conservatory of Music (New York), Cook turned to creating musical comedies. Among them was . . . — — Map (db m111802) HM

203 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, Pleasant Plains — Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc. —

Presented during the 75th Anniversary of Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Inc. Founded January 16, 1920 Jylla Moore Foster, Grand Basileus Grace Walker Phillips, Memorial Chair July 16, 1995 Builder: M.C.M.C. Designers: Terrence Brown & . . . — — Map (db m115573) HM

204 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, Pleasant Plains — Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, Incorporated — Scholarship • Service • Sisterhood • Finer Womanhood — ΖΦΒ —

Founders Arizona Cleaver Stemons • Pearl Anna Neal • Myrtle Tyler Faithful • Viola Tyler Goings • Fannie Pettie Watts Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity, Incorporated Founders Abram Langston Taylor • Leonard Francis Morse • . . . — — Map (db m217663) HM

205 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, Shaw — Carter G. Woodson —

Father of Black History Truth comes to us from the past, then like cold washed down from the mountains [The reverse of the sculpture features titles of books written by or about Carter G. Woodson:] . . . — — Map (db m178078) HM

206 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, Shaw — Shaw Historic Bike Tour / Past Activists Make Way For Future Greatness —

Shaw Historic Bike Tour Asbury Dwellings Howard Theatre Industrial Bank of Washington True Reformer Lincoln Theatre Whitelaw Hotel Thurgood Marshall Center Sweet Daddy Grace Mary McLeoud Bethune Carter G. Woodson Blanche . . . — — Map (db m150840) HM

207 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, Shaw — 9 — The Fires of 1968 — Midcity at the Crossroads — Shaw Heritage Trail — Reported permanently removed

The assassination of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on Thursday, April 4, 1968, changed this neighborhood forever. When word of Dr. King’s murder spread that evening, Washingtonians gathered along busy 14th and U streets, NW; H . . . — — Map (db m130892) HM

208 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, The National Mall — Live Oaks: A Gathering Place —

Welcome to the Reading Grove This space provides a place to meet, rest, read, and reflect. Live oaks have long harbored gatherings, from religious services and classes to community celebrations. Witness Trees Trees that were . . . — — Map (db m143315) HM

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209 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, Truxton Circle — Baker's Dozen, Inc. Building — 1509 and 1511 Fourth Street, NW — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

Starting in 1950, the Baker's Dozen, Inc. Youth Center operated here in two formerly derelict buildings redesigned by architect Howard H. Mackey. The youth center was the project of the Baker's Dozen social club, founded in 1944 by 13 members of . . . — — Map (db m111760) HM

210 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — 6 — A Home Away From Home — City Within a City — Greater U Street Heritage Trail —

The Thurgood Marshall Center for Service and Heritage occupies the historic Italian Renaissance-style building of the 12th Street YMCA, known after 1972 as the Anthony Bowen YMCA. The 12th Street YMCA was the first African American YMCA . . . — — Map (db m130788) HM

211 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — 11 — A Shared Neighborhood — City Within a City — Greater U Street Heritage Trail —

Although Washington, D.C., has been a racially segregated city for much of its history, black and white Washingtonians have shared parts of this neighborhood. The modern building across 15th Street sits on the site of Portner Flats, . . . — — Map (db m130802) HM

212 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — Frelinghuysen University / Jesse Lawson and Rosetta C. Lawson — 1800 Vermont Avenue, NW — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

Frelinghuysen University was founded in 1917 to provide education, religious training, and social services for black working-class adults. Founders include Jesse Lawson, a Howard University-educated lawyer; his wife Rosetta C. Lawson, an advocate . . . — — Map (db m48407) HM

213 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — 5 — Howard University Sets the Standard — City Within a City — Greater U Street Heritage Trail — Reported missing

To the northeast rises the tower of Founders Library at Howard University - an institution created in 1867 that has trained and inspired generations of African American leaders and has been a lodestar for its own community. The highest . . . — — Map (db m130791) HM

214 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — John Wesley Cromwell Residence — 1439 Swann Street, NW — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

Lawyer, scholar, and publisher John Wesley Cromwell (1846-1927) lived here from 1894 until his death. Born enslaved in Portsmouth, Virginia, Cromwell moved to Washington in 1871 to study law at Howard University. He published the weekly People's . . . — — Map (db m96273) HM

215 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — Mary Ann Shadd Cary Residence — 1421 W Street, NW — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

When the lists of African American “firsts” are read, Mary Ann Shadd Cary’s name is everywhere. Born in Delaware to a free Black abolitionist family, Cary (1823-1893) moved to Canada in 1850 and ran a racially integrated school. Her anti-slavery . . . — — Map (db m61813) HM

216 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — Scurlock Studio Site — 900 U Street, NW — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

Addison Scurlock (1883-1964) was the photographer of black Washington, specializing in dignified portraiture. In 1911 he opened a studio at 900 U Street (just west of the building of that address erected in 1999). The Scurlock Studio photographed . . . — — Map (db m109162) HM

217 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — Washington Afro-American Newspaper Office Building — 1800 11th Street, NW — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

The independent weekly Afro-American, one of the most enduring Black newspapers in the country was founded in Baltimore in 1892 by John H. Murphy, Sr. The Washington Afro-American began publication in 1932, and operated from this . . . — — Map (db m55538) HM

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218 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — 1 — You Had to Wear a Tie — City within a City — Greater U Street Heritage Trail — Reported permanently removed

You are standing on Washington’s historic Black Broadway–the heart of African American life in Washington, D.C. from about 1900 to the 1950s. Duke Ellington, its most famous native son, grew up, was inspired, trained, and played his first . . . — — Map (db m130799) HM

219 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Northwest Washington, U Street Corridor — 1 — You Had To Wear a Tie — City Within a City — Greater U Street Heritage Trail —

You are standing on Washington's historic Black Broadway—the heart of African American life in Washington, D.C. from about 1900 to the 1950s. Duke Ellington, its most famous son, grew up, was inspired, trained, and played his first music . . . — — Map (db m212702) HM

220 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Anacostia — 18 — The Sage of Anacostia — An East-of-the River View — Anacostia Heritage Trail —

This imposing property once belonged to Anacostia’s most famous resident: Frederick Douglass. After escaping slavery as a young man, Douglass rose to become a distinguished abolitionist, writer, publisher, and orator. By the 1860s Douglass . . . — — Map (db m88723) HM

221 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Capitol Hill — Mary McLeod Bethune — Let Her Works Praise Her — 1875 – 1955 —

I leave you love. I leave you hope. I leave you the challenge of developing confidence in one another. I leave you a thirst for education. I leave you a respect for the use of power. I leave you faith. I leave you racial dignity. I . . . — — Map (db m5505) HM

222 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southeast Washington, Fort Dupont — John Philip Sousa Junior High School — 3650 Ely Place, SE — African American Heritage Trail, Washington DC —

A key event in the landmark 1954 school desegregation case Brown v. Board of Education occurred here at Sousa Junior High (now Middle) School. In 1950 Sousa was one of several new DC schools for white children. When Spottswood T. Bolling, . . . — — Map (db m187431) HM

223 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — 14 — Housing Reform and the Syphax School — River Farms to Urban Towers — Southwest Heritage Trail —

In the 1890s, American cities had a common problem. The working poor lived in deteriorating housing, often no better than wooden shacks. In Washington much of this housing lined the city's hidden alleys. But people needed healthier and safer . . . — — Map (db m130914) HM

224 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, The Tidal Basin — The Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial — Reported permanently removed

At this site will be erected the Martin Luther King, Jr .Memorial. The memorial will embody the man, the movement and the message. It will honor this 20th century visionary who brought about change through the principles of nonviolence and . . . — — Map (db m208) HM

225 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, West Potomac Park — Nothing to Fear… — 1933-1937 / First Term — Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial —

A collapse in the international economic system left one in four Americans out of work. Millions more scrambled for food. New York Governor Franklin Roosevelt ran on a promise of a "New Deal for the American People." He won the 1932 presidential . . . — — Map (db m197629) HM

226 ► Florida, Alachua County, Gainesville — Florida 4-H —

Head, Heart, Hands, and Health Florida 4-H began as a program to teach farming methods to rural youth and became a community-based program that taught millions of young Floridians how to Learn By Doing. In 1909, UF Dean of Agriculture J.J. . . . — — Map (db m135971) HM

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227 ► Florida, Brevard County, Mims — Dr. Mary Jane McLeod Bethune — Educator, Government Official, & Activist — Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park —

Mary Jane McLeod Bethune (July 10, 1875-May 18, 1955), Mary McLeod Bethune rose from poverty to become one of the nation’s most distinguished African leaders and the most prominent Black woman of her time. Her life encompassed three different . . . — — Map (db m179783) HM

228 ► Florida, Brevard County, Mims — The Tallahassee Bus Boycott — Rev. K.C. Steele — Harry T. & Harriette V. Moore Memorial Park —

On May 26, 1956, two female students from Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU), Wilhelmina Jakes and Carrie Patterson, sat down in the “whites only” section of a segregated bus in the city of Tallahassee. When they refused to . . . — — Map (db m177912) HM

229 ► Florida, Duval County, Jacksonville, Mid-Westside — F-790 — Centennial Hall Edward Waters College —

Founded in 1866, Edward Waters College (EWC) is the oldest historically black college in Florida. The history of the college is closely tied to the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church. In 1865, the Reverend Charles H. Pearch, a presiding elder . . . — — Map (db m93073) HM

230 ► Florida, Duval County, Jacksonville, Northside — F-448 — Abraham Lincoln Lewis Mausoleum —

Pioneer Abraham Lincoln Lewis (1865-1947) and others founded Florida’s oldest African-American insurance company, Afro-American Life in 1901, which spread throughout the South as far as Texas. In 1926, A.L. Lewis opened Lincoln Golf and Country Club . . . — — Map (db m58382) HM

231 ► Florida, Duval County, Jacksonville, Urban Core — F-234 — Joseph E. Lee — Reported missing

(side 1) Joseph E. Lee, one of Florida's most distinguished adopted sons, was born in Philadelphia in 1849. Shortly after obtaining a law degree from Howard University in 1873, Lee began to practice in Florida as Jacksonville's first black . . . — — Map (db m129570) HM

232 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee — F-986 — 1963 Civil Rights Protest Jail Overflow Site —

Throughout the 1950s-1970s, large-scale, nonviolent demonstrations by audacious students attending Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU), Florida State University, and the University of Florida, as well as local high school . . . — — Map (db m135553) HM

233 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee — F-834 — Lucy Moten Elementary School —

Lucy Moten School was built in 1932 at Florida A&M University (FAMU) with support from the Julius Rosenwald Fund and General Education Board. For more than 70 years, the school served as a training facility for African-American educators. The . . . — — Map (db m137656) HM

234 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee — F-769 — The Florida A&M University Hospital (1911-1971) —

The first healthcare facility in Florida for African-Americans was the Florida A&M College (FAMC) Hospital, known as the Florida A&M University (FAMU) Hospital after 1953. The school's original two-story, 19-bed wooden sanitarium was built in 1911 . . . — — Map (db m79624) HM

235 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee — F-614 — Wilhelmina Jakes And Carrie Patterson: Initiators of The Tallahassee Bus Boycott —

On May 26, 1956, two Florida A&M University (FAMU) students, Wilhelmina Jakes and Carrie Patterson boarded a crowded Tallahassee city bus and sat in the only seats available, in the front next to a white female passenger. The bus driver ordered them . . . — — Map (db m79553) HM

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236 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee, Capitol Hill — F-45 — Leon County —

Originally part of Escambia and later Gadsden Counties, Leon was created by the territorial legislature in 1824. Named for Juan Ponce de Leon, discoverer of Florida, it became antebellum Florida's most prosperous and populous county. Cotton thrived . . . — — Map (db m131866) HM

237 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee, F.A.M.U. — F-831 — Coach Alonzo "Jake" Gaither Home —

This brick house was the home of legendary Florida A&M University (FAMU) football coach Alonzo “Jake” Gaither and his wife, Sadie, a FAMU English professor. The couple regularly hosted sports and public figures from the 1950s-1960s, . . . — — Map (db m128319) HM

238 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee, Governor's Walk — F-505 — Governor William Dunnington Bloxham House 1844 / Governor Bloxham House —

Side 1 Governor William Dunnington Bloxham House 1844 This Federal-style building was constructed in 1844 by Richard A. Shine, a prominent builder and mason who constructed the south wing of Florida's Capitol in 1845. In 1881, . . . — — Map (db m79566) HM

239 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee, South Bronough Street — F-389 — Florida A&M University —

Founded in 1887 as the State Normal College for Colored Students, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU) is the only historically state supported educational facility for African Americans in Florida. It has always been . . . — — Map (db m79570) HM

240 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee, South Bronough Street — F-397 — Florida A&M University —

Founded in 1887 as the State Normal College for Colored Students, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU) is the only historically state supported educational facility for African Americans in Florida. It has always been . . . — — Map (db m79571) HM

241 ► Florida, Leon County, Tallahassee, South Bronough Street — F-769 — The Florida A&M University Hospital (1911-1971) —

The first healthcare facility in Florida for African-Americans was the Florida A&M College (FAMC) Hospital, known as the Florida A&M University (FAMU) Hospital after 1953. The school's original two-story, 19-bed wooden sanitarium was built in 1911 . . . — — Map (db m79623) HM

242 ► Florida, Marion County, Ocala — F-1003 — American National Thrift Association Hospital —

In 1905, Dr. Richard Samuel Hughes II graduated from Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tennessee, the second oldest African American medical school in the country. After moving to Ocala in 1908, Dr. Hughes helped form the American National . . . — — Map (db m120370) HM

243 ► Florida, Nassau County, Fernandina Beach — F-873 — Peck High School —

(Side 1) The groundwork for Peck High School started in 1880, when a group led by Henry B. Delaney petitioned for an African American school in Fernandina. In 1885, a four-room building known as Colored School No. 1 opened at Atlantic . . . — — Map (db m93837) HM

244 ► Florida, St. Johns County, St. Augustine — Florida Memorial University —

Founded 1879—Live Oak, Florida Jacksonville, Florida—1892-1918 St. Augustine, Florida—1918-1968 Miami Gardens, Florida—1968-Present Students of Florida Normal and Industrial Memorial College, in the early 1960s . . . — — Map (db m67672) HM

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245 ► Florida, St. Johns County, St. Augustine — St. Johns Railway —

This highway follows closely the route of the old St. Johns Railway between Tocoi Landing on the St. Johns River and St. Augustine. Chartered in 1858, it was the first railroad to serve the city. Steam power was temporarily used on the line in the . . . — — Map (db m73857) HM

246 ► Florida, St. Johns County, St. Augustine, Lincolnville — 156 M.L. King Avenue — ACCORD Freedom Trail —

The house at 156 Central Avenue was built in the 1950's for Mrs. Janie Price, a nurse at Flagler Hospital. She had taken her nurse's training at Grady Hospital in Atlanta in the 1940s and while there had attended dances with students from Morehouse . . . — — Map (db m7627) HM

247 ► Florida, Suwannee County, Live Oak — F-955 — Edward Waters College Original Site —

Live Oak was the birthplace of Edward Waters College, Florida's oldest black college. Here, the Rev. Charles H. Pearce, Elder of the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, envisioned an institution to educate newly-freed slaves. In 1866, aided by . . . — — Map (db m113144) HM

248 ► Florida, Volusia County, Bethune Beach — F-940 — Bethune-Volusia Beach —

When Daytona Beach was founded in 1876 two of its founders, John Tolliver and Thaddeus S. Gooden, were African American. Over the years, Jim Crow laws changed the state drastically, and by the 1920s, African Americans were banned from most of . . . — — Map (db m136030) HM

249 ► Florida, Volusia County, Daytona Beach — 88 — Dr. Mary Bethune — Road to the 19th Amendment — National Votes for Women Trail —

Home of educator & suffragist. President, National Assn of Colored Women & National Council of Negro Women. Founded this school 1904. — — Map (db m212106) HM

250 ► Florida, Volusia County, Daytona Beach — Mary McLeod Bethune — Jackie Robinson Ballpark & Museum —

Just as carefully as Branch Rickey chose Jackie Robinson, he chose Daytona Beach as the site for his "noble experiment.” Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune, founder of Bethune-Cookman College was born July 10, 1875, in Maysville, South Carolina. She was . . . — — Map (db m106464) HM

251 ► Florida, Volusia County, Daytona Beach — Mary McLeod Bethune Historic Home —

Mary McLeod Bethune Home has been designated a National Historic Landmark This site possesses national significance in commemorating the history of the United States of America 1975 National Park Service United . . . — — Map (db m192160) HM

252 ► Florida, Volusia County, Orange City — F-929 — Orange City Colored School —

The Orange City Colored School was the first building in town constructed for education of African Americans. Before it opened in 1927, various buildings had been adapted for use as classrooms but were small and poorly lighted. Inspired by her . . . — — Map (db m101682) HM

253 ► Georgia, Athens-Clarke County, Athens — 29-3 — Louis H. Persley — (1888-1932) —

Originally from Macon, Georgia, African-American architect Louis H. Persley attended Lincoln University, and graduated from Carnegie Institute of Technology in 1914. Persley then joined the faculty of the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. One of his . . . — — Map (db m11753) HM

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254 ► Georgia, Bibb County, Macon — Civil War Era Maconites of African Ancestry — Location of Ellen Smith Craft's Dwelling behind Home of Dr. Robert & Eliza Smith Collins —

In 1860 the population of Bibb County was 16,289. The 6,790 slaves and free persons of color were the backbone of “King Cotton.” There were at least three slave depots (markets) on Poplar Street. Many slaves and freedman worked as . . . — — Map (db m99469) HM

255 ► Georgia, Butts County, Jackson — R5 — Jackson — "Little was left besides themselves and their houses." — March to the Sea Heritage Trail —

Jackson, seat of Butts County, "was a beautiful little place and evidently occupied by the most prosperous people of that region. Those descriptive words were penned by Union Major Thomas W Osborn, Chief of Artillery of Major General Oliver O. . . . — — Map (db m103197) HM

256 ► Georgia, Chatham County, Savannah — 025-90 — Savannah State College —

This state college was established in 1891 as the Georgia Industrial College for Colored Youths as an outgrowth of the Second Morrill Act of 1890 and an Act of the Georgia General Assembly, November 26, 1890, creating this institution as one of the . . . — — Map (db m21059) HM

257 ► Georgia, Chatham County, Savannah — 25-8 — Walter Bernard Hill Hall —

This is the oldest remaining building on the Savannah State University campus. It was constructed in 1901 by the students and faculty of then Georgia State Industrial College during the administration of the college’s first president, Richard R. . . . — — Map (db m21220) HM

258 ► Georgia, Chatham County, Savannah, Historic District - North — 25-56 — First African Baptist Church —

First African Baptist Church (FABC) traces its roots to 1773 and the organization of a congregation at nearby Brampton Plantation by Rev. George Leile. Under the leadership of Rev. Andrew C. Marshall (3rd pastor), the congregation obtained this . . . — — Map (db m133007) HM

259 ► Georgia, Chatham County, Savannah, Historic District - South — 025-19 — Former Home of Henry R. Jackson — Union Army Headquarters, 1865 —

This building, now the quarters of a private Club, was erected in 1857 for Edmund Molyneux, British consul at Savannah, and served as his residence and as the Consulate until Molyneux's return to England in 1863. In 1865 the Molyneux house was . . . — — Map (db m5625) HM

260 ► Georgia, Cobb County, Acworth — Peters-Davenport House — circa 1838 —

Dr. James Peters built his family’s homestead here. The original house was a very early version of a two-room frame structure with two doors and two chimneys. Outbuildings included a barn, well, privy, and summer kitchen. The original rooms had 10" . . . — — Map (db m30655) HM

261 ► Georgia, Cobb County, Marietta — 033-90 — Power's Ferry —

Established 1835 by James Power, (1790-1870). Maj. Gen. O. O. Howard’s 4th A. C. (Army of the Cumberland) [US], moved from Vining’s station to this vicinity July 9, 10, 1864. Newton’s (2d) div. was diverted to Roswell to support Garrard’s cav. . . . — — Map (db m16782) HM

262 ► Georgia, Cobb County, Vinings — 033-84 — Site: Hardy Pace’s Res. Howard’s Headquarters —

Hardy Pace (1785-1864), operated the Chattahoochee River ferry at site of bridge where Pace’s Ferry rd. crosses. Federal forces occupied Vining’s Station, July 5-17, 1864, while preparing to cross at Pace’s & Power’s for the move on Atlanta. Gen. O. . . . — — Map (db m29944) HM

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263 ► Georgia, Dougherty County, Albany — C.B. (Chevene Bowers) King — b. Albany, Georgia October 12, 1923; d. March 15, 1988 —

C.B. King dreamed of becoming a lawyer. He had served in the United States Navy and graduated from Fisk University. Because there was no law school for Blacks in segregated Georgia, he earned a law degree from Case Western Reserve University Law . . . — — Map (db m117200) HM

264 ► Georgia, Dougherty County, Albany — 47-2 — Georgia Civil Rights Trail: The Albany Movement —

The Albany Movement began here, at Shiloh Baptist Church, in November 1961. A coalition of black improvement associations and student activists from SNCC and Albany State College, the protest group set an unprecedented goal: the desegregation of an . . . — — Map (db m117148) HM

265 ► Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, Midtown — 060-176 — Booker T. Washington — 1856-1915 —

Former slave, Principal of Tuskegee Institute and author of Up From Slavery, Washington delivered the Atlanta Exposition Address on September 18, 1895 at this site, the former auditorium of the Cotton States and International Exposition. . . . — — Map (db m73369) HM

266 ► Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, Sweet Auburn — F13 — Auburn Avenue Branch, Carnegie Library — Reported missing

On this corner stood the Auburn Avenue Branch Carnegie Library for African-Americans, from 1923 to the 1950s. Alic Dugged Carey, the first principal of Morris Brown University (now College), along with Dr. W.E.B. Dubois and others led the fight to . . . — — Map (db m127281) HM

267 ► Georgia, Gordon County, Calhoun — 064-34 — Roland Hayes — June 3, 1887 - January 1, 1977 —

Roland Hayes, the first internationally renowned African-American classical singer was born in Gordon County and performed at this site, the former Calhoun High Auditorium. Hayes opened doors for African - American concert and opera performers and . . . — — Map (db m13916) HM

268 ► Georgia, Hall County, Gainesville — Dr. Emmett Ethridge Butler — 1908-1955 —

Dr. Emmett Ethridge Butler was born in Jefferson, Georgia, and reared in Macon. He was graduated from Morehouse College and the Meharry Medical College. He and his family moved to Gainesville in 1936 where he established his medical practice. . . . — — Map (db m14530) HM

269 ► Georgia, Lowndes County, Valdosta — College Education and Spiritual Growth — Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Park —

King enrolled at Morehouse College where he majored in sociology. Drawn to the ministry, King Jr. was ordained by his father as a Baptist minister in February 1948. After graduating from Morehouse in June 1948, King studied divinity at Crozer . . . — — Map (db m258829) HM

270 ► Georgia, Macon County, Oglethorpe — 096-3 — Lumpkin Academy —

Horace T. Lumpkin (1857-1930) A Virginia native and son of exslaves, is credited with introducing formal education to black children in Macon County. Lumpkin, who was educated at Knoxville College, Tennessee and Atlanta University, founded the . . . — — Map (db m27258) HM

271 ► Georgia, Muscogee County, Columbus — Alma Woodsey Thomas —

Alma Thomas, nationally known African-American artist, was the eldest of four daughters born to John Maurice Thomas and Amelia Whitaker Cantey. Highly cultured and socially involved, the Thomas family owned this Victorian home in the Rose Hill . . . — — Map (db m58269) HM

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272 ► Georgia, Muscogee County, Columbus — Winona Cargile Alexander: A Founder of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Incorporated —

Winona Cargile Alexander, a Founder of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, was born in Columbus, GA on June 21, 1893, in the parsonage of St. John A.M.E. Church. She was the second daughter of Lady Fannie Cargile and Rev. Charles Cargile, the pastor of St. . . . — — Map (db m173439) HM

273 ► Georgia, Peach County, Fort Valley — 111-1 — St. Luke’s Episcopal Church —

This parish had its origins in the Episcopal Church’s support of Fort Valley High and Industrial School in 1913, which it operated from 1919 until 1939 in partnership with the American Church Institute for Negroes in New York, the Diocese of . . . — — Map (db m52885) HM

274 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta — Dr. John M. Tutt — 1886 - 1968 —

Revered as a teacher and a coach, "Professor Tutt" began his career under the leadership of Miss Lucy C. Laney at Haines Institute, where he remained from 1906 to 1949, longer than anyone else. From Lincoln University (Pennsylvania), he . . . — — Map (db m36138) HM

275 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta — Jessye Norman — International Opera Star and Humanitarian —

Riverwalk Amphitheater and Plaza named in honor of Jessye Norman, internationally acclaimed opera star, born in Augusta, Georgia, September 15, 1945. Miss Norman began singing at Mounty Calvary Baptist Church, 1260 Wrightsboro Road. She . . . — — Map (db m10032) HM

276 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta — 121-13 — John McClinton Tutt — 1886-1968 —

For over six decades, John Tutt educated Augusta's youth at the Haines Normal and Industrial Institute and Lucy Craft Laney High School. After graduating from Lincoln University in 1905, Tutt returned to Augusta to teach Mathematics. Coach Tutt's . . . — — Map (db m36621) HM

277 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta — 121-10 — Lucy Craft Laney — (1854-1933) —

A leading educator of the nineteenth century, Lucy Craft Laney was born into a free African-American household in Macon, Georgia. In 1873 she was part of Atlanta University’s first graduating class. After teaching in Macon, Milledgeville, and . . . — — Map (db m37301) HM

278 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta — 121- 46 — Paine College —

Paine Institute, rechartered as Paine College in 1903, was founded Nov. 1, 1882, by the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church and the Methodist Epicscopal Church, South, at the urgent request of Bishop Lucious Holsey of the C.M.E. Church. The first . . . — — Map (db m31673) HM

279 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta — Paine College Founding Site —

Paine College was founded as Paine Institute on this spot in 1882 by black and white members of the Colored (now Christian) Methodist Episcopal Church, and the Methodist Episcopal Church, South (now United Methodist Church). Ths institution, founded . . . — — Map (db m9988) HM

280 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta — 121-51 — Springfield Baptist Church Birthplace of Morehouse College —

This building, which was erected in 1801 by Augusta`s first Methodist Society, was moved to this location in 1844 to become the home of the Springfield Baptist Church. Organized in 1787 by Jesse Peters, the Springfield Baptist Church is the . . . — — Map (db m271411) HM

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281 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta — 148-7 — Ware High School — Civil Rights Milestone —

Near this site stood Ware High School, which was the first public high school for African-Americans in Georgia and one of only five in the south while it was in operation. Founded in 1880, it was named for Edmund Asa Ware, Freedman`s Bureau Officer . . . — — Map (db m37094) HM

282 ► Georgia, Richmond County, Augusta, Laney Walker — Rev. Samuel Butler Wallace — 1878-1938 —

Reverend Wallace graduated from Howard University. A former pastor of Trinity CME Church. He envisioned a library where black children, denied access to local public libraries, could study, read for pleasure and conduct research. Rev. Wallace . . . — — Map (db m227157) HM

283 ► Illinois, Cook County, Forest Park, Forest Home Cemetery — Joseph Carter Corbin — Mar. 26, 1833 – Jan. 9, 1911 —

Founder of the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, father of higher education for African-Americans in Arkansas Thanks for the gift of education to countless generations — — Map (db m249610) HM

284 ► Indiana, Marion County, Indianapolis, Downtown — Blackburn House —

Cleo W. Blackburn (1909-1978) earned his degrees at the Butler University School of Religion and Fisk University. Returning to Indianapolis, he became the director of Flanner House, located at West and St. Clair Streets. Flanner House primarily . . . — — Map (db m132727) HM

285 ► Indiana, Marion County, Indianapolis, Downtown — Booker T. Washington — (April 5, 1856 - November 14, 1915) —

Booker Taliaferro Washington was born into slavery and emancipated after the Civil War. He became a teacher, leader of what today is known as Tuskegee University, best-selling author and social activist. From 1890 - 1915, he stood as a dominant . . . — — Map (db m132846) HM

286 ► Indiana, Marion County, Indianapolis, Wholesale District — Martin Luther King Jr. — (January 15, 1929 - April 4, 1968) —

The son of a Baptist minister, Martin Luther King Jr. was the second of three children. In 1939, he sang with his church choir at the premiere of Gone with the Wind. His non-violent leadership for civil rights and racial equality transformed the . . . — — Map (db m132771) HM

287 ► Indiana, Putnam County, Greencastle — Percy Lavon Julian (1899-1975) — Synthesis of Physostigmine —

In a lifetime of continual striving, Percy L. Julian succeeded against the prejudices and discriminations of his time to become a pathbreaking synthetic chemist, a successful industrial research director, and a wealthy businessman. He was born in . . . — — Map (db m56305) HM

288 ► Kansas, Leavenworth County, Fort Leavenworth — 2nd Lt. Henry Ossian Flipper —

Born - 21 March 1856 Thomasville, Georgia - Early Schooling - Private Tutors American Missionary Association Atlanta University ————— U.S. Military Academy 01 July 1873 - 14 June 1877 4th Black to Attend 1st Black to Graduate . . . — — Map (db m52970) HM WM

289 ► Kansas, Wyandotte County, Kansas City, Quindaro Bluffs — John Brown —

Erected to the memory of John Brown by a grateful people — — Map (db m69455) HM

290 ► Kansas, Wyandotte County, Kansas City, Quindaro Bluffs — Western University — 1881 - 1943 — A Kansas City, Kansas Historic Site —

Western University had its beginning in the Quindaro Freedman's School founded in the 1860s by the Reverend Eben Blachley, a Presbyterian Minister. The Freedmen's School was intended to provide education for the children of escaped slaves and . . . — — Map (db m69459) HM

291 ► Kentucky, Anderson County, Lawrenceburg — Anna Mac Clarke (1919-44) —

This Lawrenceburg native was one of the first black women in Ky. to enlist during World War II. She joined Women's Army Auxiliary Corps in 1942, and was commissioned a 1st Lieutenant the next year in newly named Women's Army Corps. While . . . — — Map (db m229583) HM

292 ► Kentucky, Fayette County, Lexington, Northside District — 5 — From Enslaved to Community Activist / The Original Power Couple — 1871 — Downtown African-American Heritage Trail —

From Enslaved to Community Activist Education Gave the Jacksons a Step Up Jordan C. Jackson, Jr. was born enslaved in Lexington. Denied an education, he taught himself to read and write, eventually becoming a successful businessman . . . — — Map (db m137309) HM

293 ► Kentucky, Franklin County, Frankfort — 1752 — Kentucky State University —

(Front) School was chartered 1886; opened 1887 with three teachers and 55 students. The first state-supported institution of higher education for blacks, school gained funds from legislature for building and teachers, and from Frankfort city . . . — — Map (db m84462) HM

294 ► Kentucky, Franklin County, Frankfort — Kentucky's United States Colored Troops —

Officially, 23,703 African Americans in Kentucky responded to the call to arms by President Lincoln and Frederick Douglass to join the ranks of the newly organized United States Colored Troops. Units were organized with men from across the . . . — — Map (db m84675) HM

295 ► Kentucky, Franklin County, Frankfort — Welcome to Kentucky's Capitol and Capital —

(panel A) Welcome to Kentucky's Capitol The Kentucky Capitol Building and Capital Frankfort - Kentucky's Capital City (panel B) Welcome to Kentucky's Capitol Construction of the Capitol began in . . . — — Map (db m62274) HM

296 ► Kentucky, Jefferson County, Louisville, University — Dr. Rufus E. Clement — (1900-1967) —

Scholar and educator, Dr. Clement served as the first dean of Louisville Municipal College, the segregated branch of the University of Louisville, from 1931 to 1937. Under his leadership, Municipal attracted an extremely strong faculty and soon . . . — — Map (db m115014) HM

297 ► Kentucky, McCracken County, Paducah — 2495 — Dr. William Stuart Nelson — 1895-1977 — Lincoln grad had global footprints —

Front Dr. Nelson was born in Paris, Ky. and graduated from Lincoln High School in Paducah. During World War I he served in combat as a 1st lieutenant. Returning to his studies, he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Howard University in . . . — — Map (db m146182) HM

298 ► Kentucky, Warren County, Bowling Green — Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Inc. History —

Omega Psi Phi Fraternity Inc. is the first international fraternal organization to be founded on the campus of a historically black college. Omega Psi Phi was founded on November 17, 1911, at Howard University in Washington, D.C. The founders were . . . — — Map (db m138763) HM

299 ► Louisiana, Ascension Parish, Donaldsonville — Central Agricultural School —

It began in 1912, Booker T. Washington, President of Tuskegee Institute, approached Julius Rosenwald, President of Sears, Roebuck and Company, with an idea for a pilot program that was to have a dramatic impact on the face of America. . . . — — Map (db m154213) HM

300 ► Louisiana, Claiborne Parish, Homer — Homer College (CME) / African American Education in Louisiana —

Homer College (CME) On December 15, 1879, a committee appointed by Bishop J.E. Bebee of the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church of America purchased 80 acres surrounding this marker for the construction of a "colored institution of learning." . . . — — Map (db m246516) HM

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