At this site in Dec. 1913, Gulf Refining Co. opened the first drive-in facility designed and built to provide gasoline, oils, and lubricants to the motoring public. Its success led to construction of thousands of gas stations by different oil . . . — — Map (db m40872) HM
John Redman owned and operated a saw mill near Beck's Run Road along the Monongahela River near Page Dairy Mart. In 1866, his company processed 400,000 cubic feet of logs, making three million feet of lumber. The thriving community prospered with a . . . — — Map (db m174376) HM
Long a major producer of lubricating grease for industry, transportation, and the military. In WW II, supplied 5,000,000 pounds of “Eisenhower grease,” vital to the war effort. Founded here in 1885, by Grant McCargo. After 1929, part of . . . — — Map (db m40903) HM
Johnson Studio was one of the first African-American owned and operated businesses to locate on Centre Avenue. The Studio was first opened at 1862 Centre Avenue in 1923 under the founder's name, Luther H. Johnson, Photographer. The name was changed . . . — — Map (db m78475) HM
This State's bituminous coal industry was born about 1760 on Coal Hill, now Mount Washington. Here the Pittsburgh coal bed was mined to supply Fort Pitt. This was eventually to be judged the most valuable individual mineral deposit in the United . . . — — Map (db m48882) HM
During World War II, Dravo's shipyard here was a leader in the manufacture of Landing Ship Tanks--LSTs--for the United States Navy. Dravo's over 16,000 workers produced a total of 145 LSTs. This and four other inland yards, all using techniques . . . — — Map (db m40280) HM
A poor Scottish immigrant, Carnegie became a millionaire steel magnate and proponent of the "Gospel of Wealth." Seeking to benefit society with his fortune, he built over 2,500 libraries and endowed institutions advancing education and peace. — — Map (db m40875) HM
This two-part sculpture recognizes the significant contributions of Pittsburgh and to American labor history by a symbolic representation of labor's role in our nation's development. The human figures populating the facades are engaged in this . . . — — Map (db m156087) HM
Conceived as a "Sculpture Park" within a "Sculpture Park", the varied elements that have contributed to Pittsburgh's growth are represented by forms which symbolize a paddlewheel (the rivers), a crucible (primary metals), the Golden Triangle . . . — — Map (db m156086) HM
A celebration of the three rivers and the molten metals that have been major forces in shaping Pittsburgh's industrial history.
Collection of Museum of Art, Carnegie Institute
[Additional plaque on the base of the sculpture:] . . . — — Map (db m156088) HM
The Pennsylvania Canal across Pennsylvania was an engineering triumph with a spectacular 37-mile railroad portage over the Allegheny Mountains. For half a century between 1820 and the Civil War, packet boats pulled by mules navigated through the . . . — — Map (db m191483) HM
In the early 1700s, the Allegheny River formed a boundary: lands claimed by European nations were to the east, and lands claimed by Native Americans were to the west.
Near this site in 1783, James Robinson, the first permanent European settler . . . — — Map (db m191484) HM
Major strikes by women cotton factory workers protesting 12-hour work-days occurred nearby in Allegheny City in 1845 and 1848. The strikes led to an 1848 state law limiting workdays to 10 hours and prohibiting children under twelve years of age from . . . — — Map (db m40301) HM
Office and Studio
228 Isabella Street
This property has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places
By the United States Department of The Interior
— — Map (db m65001) HM
Few cities have the visual drama of Pittsburgh, or so rich a collection of national memories. At the Pittsburgh Point two rivers converge: The Allegheny River flowing from the north and the Monongahela River from the south. These rivers drain the . . . — — Map (db m78366) HM
In 1884, George Westinghouse drilled a natural gas well here on his estate, Solitude, now Westinghouse Park. When gas was struck, an uncontrolled geyser erupted for a week. Within two years, Westinghouse obtained over 30 patents for the distribution . . . — — Map (db m113322) HM
Before Henry Clay Frick gave the City of Pittsburgh 150 acres to create Frick Park, the land — formerly called the Gunn Hill Tract — was owned by the Wilkins family. The Honorable William Wilkins (1779 - 1865) was a prominent . . . — — Map (db m156131) HM
Henry Clay Frick
Frick was born in 1849 in West Overton, Westmoreland County, PA. He attended Otterbein University for one year, but did not graduate. In 1871, at 21 years old, Frick joined two cousins and a friend in a small partnership, . . . — — Map (db m156128) HM
You are standing above the historic route of the Main Line of the Pennsylvania Railroad—one of the most important railroad corridors in the country.
Connecting Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, the first train arrived in East Liberty in . . . — — Map (db m90281) HM
Built on lowlands here in 1792. Birth of the iron industry in the Pittsburgh region. It made stove and grate castings. Closed about a year later due to lack of ore and wood. — — Map (db m46529) HM
You are standing above the historic route of the Main Line of the Pennsylvania Railroad—one of the most important railroad corridors in the country.
The Main Line, which first connected Philadelphia and Pittsburgh in 1852, is significant . . . — — Map (db m90280) HM
James Laughlin, one of the founders of Jones & Laughlin, constructed the first Eliza Furnace, a stone blast furnace for smelting iron. Built in 1858 before the Civil War, Eliza marked the city's emerging iron and steel industry and was the first . . . — — Map (db m191485) HM
The shift to mass production in the steel industry brought thousands of new workers to Pittsburgh and forever changed the city. Between 1870 and 1900, Pittsburgh's population quadrupled. Through Ellis Island and from across the nation came the . . . — — Map (db m191487) HM
The partnership between Jones & Laughlin combined the skills of an older financial genius with those of a brilliant young entrepreneur. Before the Civil War, Jones established a rolling mill on the South Side, and Laughlin subsequently built an iron . . . — — Map (db m100349) HM
This 10-ton Bessemer Converter was originally installed at the A. M. Byers Company, Ambridge, Pennsylvania. It was built by the Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation at its New Castle, Pennsylvania, plant in 1930, and was one of the last commercially . . . — — Map (db m61313) HM
Pittsburgh’s first successful blast furnace for making pig iron. Operations began near here, 1859, using Connellsville coke as fuel. The furnace’s technology initiated a new era, leading to more advanced furnaces capable of producing huge amounts of . . . — — Map (db m15138) HM
First glass factory in Pittsburgh was established on this site by James O'Hara and Isaac Craig in 1797. It manufactured bottles and window glass until the 1880s. A precursor of Pittsburgh's rise as the nation's largest glass producer. — — Map (db m8688) HM
Originally the Hays Mansion owned by James B. Hays and built in the mid-1800's, this property was purchased by Charles H. Butterweck in 1916 from Stella and Louis Hays. Although the original home was destroyed in the 1936 flood, there is pictured . . . — — Map (db m174403) HM
The Iron City
For much of the 19th century, Pittsburgh was known as the Iron City. Home to large and small iron mills and foundries, the region produced a diversity of iron products including nails, cannon, structural and sheet iron, as . . . — — Map (db m174190) HM
In 1871, James Hays established the Beck's Run Mine. He employed 220 miners, 14 drivers, plus 17 mules. The mine's output was upwards of 15,000 bushels a day. In the miners picture, the man standing on the left is Christian Steiner, born September . . . — — Map (db m174415) HM
Teeming Ingots
After steel was made in Open Hearth facilities, it was often teemed or formed into columns of steel called ingots. This was done by pouring the molten steel into ingot molds. The ingots would be transported through the Works on . . . — — Map (db m174473) HM
In the late 19th century, tens of thousands of immigrants, primarily from Europe, came to America searching for an opportunity to make a better life for themselves and their families. Overcoming the hardships of the trip, resettlement in a foreign . . . — — Map (db m174470) HM
For over 140 years, the Jones & Laughlin Company (J&L) defined Pittsburgh. Its huge blast furnaces, open-hearth facilities, and neon J&L sign were landmarks for many Pittsburghers. The plant was located on this stretch of land and on a tract . . . — — Map (db m174472) HM
A World unto Itself
With coke ovens, blast furnaces, and steelmaking facilities, the Jones & Laughlin Pittsburgh Works was a fully integrated steel mill. Existing as a world unto itself where all levels of production were under the company's . . . — — Map (db m174477) HM
Often shipped by rail from ovens and furnaces in slag pots, like the one displayed here, slag is the waste by-product of the iron and steel making process. It can be used in making roadbeds, landfill, concrete, fertilizer and aquarium gravel.
. . . — — Map (db m94086) HM
The stone and brick foundations, industrial objects, and other archaeological remains along this section of the trail are remnants of the famous Oliver Iron and Steel Company. A leading national manufacturer of all types of nuts and bolts, hardware . . . — — Map (db m174468) HM
The cement pad beneath your feet was once the floor of the Pump House for Jones & Laughlin's No. 2 Open Hearth Shop. Pump houses were an integral part of the steelmaking process. Water, used for cooling of the metal and machinery, was pulled from . . . — — Map (db m94103) HM
The Pennsylvania Canal was Pittsburgh's most important transportation system until the 1850s when railroads began to replace the old canal system. Irish workers dug the canal across the state from the Susquehanna River near Harrisburg to the . . . — — Map (db m174462) HM
The glass industry in Pittsburgh evolved from small factories making the earliest windowpanes and hand-blown bottles into large mechanized plants using sophisticated technology. More glass was made in Pittsburgh than any other area in the United . . . — — Map (db m174461) HM
National Heritage Area
The Rivers of Steel National Heritage Area celebrates the legacy of how one region, in a sustained and thunderous blast of innovation, ambition, and fire, forever changed America and its place in the world. It is the . . . — — Map (db m174487) HM
The Morgan Mill Gate
Ingots of steel from the Open Hearth moved through different types of milling equipment to be made into various shapes. Some of these ingots were taken to a series of rolling mills that squeezed the ingots into smaller . . . — — Map (db m174475) HM
In 1885, the Monongahela Connecting Railroad (MonCon) was chartered as a subsidiary of Jones & Laughlin's, Ltd. Rail lines were built on both the northern and southern sides of the river. At this time, the only connection between the plants was a . . . — — Map (db m94101) HM
Pittsburgh is an amalgamation of land and water and people. Art that attempts to mirror this city's spirit, if it hopes to succeed, must acknowledge and reflect the collaboration between landscape and memory. The city forged by these men and women . . . — — Map (db m152153) HM
Television station, located here, opened April 1954, as first community-sponsored educational television station in America. In 1955 it was the first to telecast classes to elementary schools. — — Map (db m40913) HM
This park is a legacy of industrialist Henry Clay Frick and his daughter Helen. From modest beginnings — he was born to a Mennonite farmer and whiskey distiller in 1849 — Henry Frick became one of America's most influential and . . . — — Map (db m156155) HM
George Westinghouse
Union Soldier
Citizen of Pittsburgh
Founder of the Westinghouse
Industries
Benefactor of humanity
through his labors
and inventions
1846 - 1914
The first substitution of high voltage electricity for . . . — — Map (db m156205) HM WM
History
Honoring George Westinghouse -- An Industrial Hero
Once called "The Greatest Living Engineer," George Westinghouse was a prolific inventor, a farsighted entrepreneur, and and enlightened employer.
Westinghouse was born to . . . — — Map (db m156203) HM
This tablet marks the birthplace of the aluminum industry in the United States. On the site of this building the Pittsburgh Reduction Company, now Aluminum Company of America, late in November, 1888, produced the first commercial run of aluminum by . . . — — Map (db m79882) HM
Hall's invention of electrolytic manufacture of aluminum was first applied to commercial production in 1888 by the Pittsburgh Reduction Company, which later became Alcoa. This process, developed here, made the commercial use of aluminum possible. — — Map (db m73628) HM
During the darkest days of the great depression, with America plagued by uncertainly and desperation. David B. Shakarian dared to think differently. He followed his dreams and opened a small health foods store in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He . . . — — Map (db m235382) HM
Invented by George Westinghouse in 1869, the air brake revolutionized railroad transportation. It made possible longer, heavier, and faster trains while improving safety. Modified versions are still in use today. Westinghouse Air Brake Co. was . . . — — Map (db m47037) HM
Named for the hazelnut trees that once grew on the banks of the Monongahela River, Hazelwood possessed a natural beauty that George Washington noted in his early journals. Originally Native American territory, Hazelwood was purchased through the . . . — — Map (db m94065) HM
Moving river cargo along the Allegheny was difficult when low bridges prevented large boats from passing through. The 30th Street Bridge was the last obstruction on the Allegheny that interfered with river commerce. When replaced in 1928, the new . . . — — Map (db m191482) HM
From a start in 1869 selling bottled horseradish, Heinz built an international firm by 1886. He pioneered innovative advertising, quality control, and benevolent employee policies and transformed modern diets. — — Map (db m40889) HM
This island was known as Herr's Island for over 200 years. Named for Benjamin Herr, a Swiss Mennonite, the island became an idyllic village with fruit trees and gardens. Herr operated a water-powered mill in the back channel as packet boats floated . . . — — Map (db m99623) HM
Have you ever stopped to notice a manhole cover in Carnegie? Or wondered who made repair parts for train locomotives? Or tried to invent a pair of mechanized scissors? The Thomas Carlin's Sons Foundry did! They manufactured these items and many . . . — — Map (db m99531) HM
Troy Hill Incline
This is the upper station of the first incline in Allegheny, completed in 1887 and out of service by 1898. The engineer was Samuel Diescher, a specialist in incline construction. The total length was 370 feet on a 47-percent . . . — — Map (db m70994) HM
Outcroppings on the slopes above Pittsburgh's factories exposed a rich coalfield that was considered a natural wonder of the modern world. The vast Pittsburgh Coal Seam extended across several states, and was so profitable it was called "Black . . . — — Map (db m174421) HM
Steamboats pushing coal barges transported vast amounts of bituminous coal from Pittsburgh to ports along the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to New Orleans. Before the Ohio River locks and dams were built, low water was the major transportation problem . . . — — Map (db m174422) HM
"The Merchants Savings & Trust Company failed to open for business today. I.C. Swigart, State Bank Examiner, took over the bank, at 1410 Fifth Avenue, to protect depositors, he announced. While a few days ago the bank was believed able to continue . . . — — Map (db m96369) HM
Homestead Farms, owned by Major John Ormsby, was a huge tract of nearly 3,000 acres that included Pittsburgh's South Side and Mt. Washington neighborhoods. Major Ormsby acquired part of this land from England as payment for military service during . . . — — Map (db m174420) HM
In memory of the men below who were killed on February 3, 1926 in the Pittsburgh Terminal Coal Corporation Mine No. 4, in the relentless struggle to take more and more coal away from the womb of Mother Earth, where it had rested for millions of . . . — — Map (db m225638) HM
Established April 15, 1904, by Andrew Carnegie. The Pittsburgh-based foundation awards the Carnegie Medal in the United States and Canada to persons who risk their lives to save others. Heroic acts that followed the January 25, 1904, explosion in . . . — — Map (db m42649) HM
On July 14, unskilled immigrant workers led a strike against the Pressed Steel Car Company. Strain among the strikers, replacement laborers, and state police erupted into a riot on August 22. Eleven men were killed near this footbridge. Strikers . . . — — Map (db m40873) HM
Pressed Steel Car Company provided worker housing at substantial cost to employees, keeping them in constant debt. During the 1909 McKees Rocks strike against the company, immigrant workers were evicted from their homes. The evictions led to the . . . — — Map (db m40905) HM
Built in 1783 by Cpt. Robert Orr.
This was built in the town of Tarentum for protection of the traders.
At the time Tarentum was known as a resting area for hunters and traders.
The blockhouse had a trap door and no windows, just peep holes . . . — — Map (db m113321) HM
World's first commercial station began operating November 2, 1920, when KDKA reported Harding-Cox election returns from a makeshift studio at the East Pittsburgh Works of Westinghouse. Music, sports, talks, and special events were . . . — — Map (db m40337) HM
For over a century, the massive Homestead Steel Works defined the Pittsburgh Region as the steelmaking capital of the world. Opened in 1881 by a handful of industrialists eager to take part in the industrial boom, the Homestead Works flourished . . . — — Map (db m116239) HM
Pennsylvania bank barn named after Philip Elias Fry (1868-1946), a highly skilled carpenter who built many barns in Marshall Township. Donated by Claude and James Herbert and moved to this site in 1992 from Adoph and Bertha's Frye's former farm on . . . — — Map (db m87213) HM
In honor of the men and women of
Wilmerding Borough
who answered the call of their country
in the Great War 1914-1919
In Memoriam
Linton W. Brush • Alfred Z. Davis • Eugene V. Rupert • Fred A. Thompson
Francis F. Condon • Amato . . . — — Map (db m224827) HM
Located near this point, 1839-73. Organized as the Great Western and later known as the Brady's Bend Iron Company. One of that era's largest iron works, and first to make iron rails west of the Alleghenies. — — Map (db m47561) HM
In 1800, not too far from here along Cherry Run, George Painter built the first gristmill in Burrell Township. By 1804 he had relocated the mill to this site on Crooked Creek and added a sawmill. The mills changed hands several times and by 1822 a . . . — — Map (db m74142) HM
Among the largest and most productive plate glass factories in the world; opened 1887. At its peak, the plant employed more than 3,500 ethnically diverse workers, who passed through a specially-built tunnel under busy train tracks. Operations ended . . . — — Map (db m47567) HM
Formed March 12, 1800 out of Westmoreland, Allegheny, and Lycoming counties. Named for General John Armstrong, who had destroyed the Indian Village at Kittanning, 1756. Here, the county seat was laid out, 1803, and the "Daugherty Visible" . . . — — Map (db m47558) HM
Operating at the Pa. Mainline Canal from 1829 to 1853, it was an integrated freight and passenger service using canalboats, wagons, railroads, and steamships. It was one of the most extensive and successful freight forwarding companies in Pa., . . . — — Map (db m146984) HM
Established by William Rogers and T.J. Burchfield in 1872, the company was one of the first in the nation to produce black plate and tin plate. The Works entered a market dominated by imports from England and Wales and attracted skilled labor from . . . — — Map (db m186349) HM
Parker is the only city in Armstrong County and is located in its extreme northwestern portion. The city was named for Judge John Parker, lead surveyor of Lawrenceburg and founder/owner of Parker's Landing-the two villages combined to create Parker. . . . — — Map (db m177577) HM
Aliquippa Works of Jones and Laughlin Steel Corporation production commenced in 1909 at this plant once the largest integrated steel plant. Over 14000 persons were employed here. Collective bargaining under the Wagner Act began here in 1937 as a . . . — — Map (db m48137) HM
In a landmark ruling on April 12, 1937, the US Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the National Labor Relations Act in the case of the National Labor Relations Board v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. The company had fired unionized workers . . . — — Map (db m40244) HM
This was site of American Bridge Company. Largest steel fabricating plant in the world. Division of United States Steel Corporation erected 1903. During World War II the Marine Department built LST landing crafts here. Closed April 1983. — — Map (db m44495) HM
Visitors to Economy stayed at the hotel in the center of town on the southwest comer of 14th and Merchant Streets. Owned and operated by the communal Harmony Society, hired workers later staffed the establishment in the 1890s. Eventually the hotel . . . — — Map (db m206188) HM
The southeast block of the intersection of Church and Thirteenth Streets served the Harmony Society's woolen industry amongst other trades. In operation from 1826 until about 1845, the wool mill stood on the corner of Twelfth Street and Ohio View . . . — — Map (db m206520) HM
A darkness hung over the county when our manufacturing heart was torn from us. County population continued to decline
as more of our youthful citizens were forced to leave the area in order to find jobs. Although recovery began slowly . . . — — Map (db m177011) HM
Among the earliest settlers in the county were the slaves Fortune and Lunn, who were brought here by Levi Dungan around 1772. Many of the later African Americans who either eventually settled or passed through Beaver County came as they followed . . . — — Map (db m177037) HM
Prior to 1800 Beaver County did not exist as we know it today and was, at various times, part of several other much older counties.
On March 12, 1800, Beaver County was officially formed from parts of Allegheny and Washington Counties. The Borough . . . — — Map (db m176917) HM
Just after the turn of the century, large industries recognized the advantages of locating within the county, and began moving here. Some,
like the steel companies, chose plots of ground along the Ohio River and began building not only their . . . — — Map (db m177001) HM
During this period, new industries popped up such as Mayer China and the Keystone Driller Company, along with many others. The
rise of these industries created a demand for a rapid increase in transportation, which was partially answered with the . . . — — Map (db m176998) HM
This period of our county history saw the establishment of early industry and the infrastructure that would support it. Prior to this time,
ferries, not bridges, had been used to move wagons and people across the rivers. Boat building- first . . . — — Map (db m176918) HM
As county life attempted to return to normal following the end of WWII, the county was once again in an economic boom, and the
emphasis turned to recreation. This period saw the establishment of our county parks, a new county airport in Chippewa, . . . — — Map (db m177007) HM
Beaver County was built by the labor of many generations of people who moved here to begin a
new life. It began with the earliest pioneers who braved the wilderness and its dangers to clear the
land for farms, on which they built a foundation for . . . — — Map (db m177024) HM
Patriotism has aiways been a Beaver County trait, and it was no different when the Civil War exploded on the scene. Eleven of the
270 regiments that the State of Pennsylvania raised contained one or more companies composed of Beaver County men, and . . . — — Map (db m176994) HM
Present Beaver perpetuates the name of a Delaware chief and of his village near here. Its location along the Ohio-Beaver River trails gave it importance in the fur trade. — — Map (db m40238) HM
The most important factor that drove the growth of industry in Beaver County was the dedication of
the workforce in producing the best quality product. These dedicated workers, led by men of great
vision and ambition, helped make American . . . — — Map (db m177025) HM
1772 - Mary Dungan became one of the first medical practitioners in the county when she arrived here with her husband Levi and family. Although she was not formally trained, Mary had studied medicine with Dr. Benjamin Rush and brought her . . . — — Map (db m177036) HM
Beaver County industry and life were booming as the country became involved in WWI. Once again, we were well represented as Beaver
Falls native Colonel Joseph H. Thompson was awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism. As the war drew to a close, . . . — — Map (db m177004) HM
Following labor disputes with their local employees, the Beaver Falls Cutlery Company contracted with Chinese workers from San Francisco and New Orleans in 1872. Hired to work at the Harmonist-owned factory, they were among the first Chinese . . . — — Map (db m194380) HM
During 64 years, "Ing-Rich" became one of the leading producers of porcelain enamel products in the United States. Noted for durability, the company's output included outdoor advertising signs and "porcel panels" for building exteriors; it also made . . . — — Map (db m40237) HM
Founded in 1889 by W.A. McCool in Beaver Falls at Hartman Steel. First cold finished bar steel plant in Pennsylvania. Owned by Republic Steel 1929-1984. Later owned by LTV 1984-1989 and by Republic Engineered Steels, Incorporated since 1989. — — Map (db m51802) HM
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