Just like visiting a grocery store, park paleontologists have a wish list of fossils that they would like to find. Petrified Forest's wish list included a bonebed of metoposaurid amphibians, the large, flat-headed amphibians that were one of . . . — — Map (db m286551) HM
In the summer of 1921, heiress and explorer
Annie Montague Alexander and her research partner
Louise Kellogg set off into the badlands in front of
you. Intrigued by fossils discovered by John Muir
fifteen years earlier, Annie and Louise . . . — — Map (db m286363) HM
In this vast, nearly treeless landscape, it may sound strange to call the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Roosevelt's Tree Army, but it has meaning here. President Franklin D. Roosevelt created the CCC in 1933 as part of his New Deal program for . . . — — Map (db m286291) HM
Across the Puerco River, the tracks of the Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railroad stretch for miles to the east and to the west. With no landforms or forests to block your view, you can see very long trains from beginning to end. More than 60 . . . — — Map (db m119934) HM
Most people have never heard of a caecilian, but they are one of the most fascinating groups of animals alive today. They are one of the living groups of amphibians along with frogs, toads, salamanders, and newts. Caecilians spend nearly all their . . . — — Map (db m286544) HM
Geologists call eroded landscapes such as the Painted Desert "badlands." Summer thunderstorms and winter snowmelt carve the shale and sandstone into mazes of sharp ridges, steep hillsides, and deep V-shaped gullies. Practically waterless, badlands . . . — — Map (db m72923) HM
The colorful mesas, buttes, and badlands before you compose a natural work of art--the Painted Desert.
Wind and running water cut these features from the Chinle Formation deposited over 200 million years ago when this area was a vast inland . . . — — Map (db m72925) HM
Discovery of two well-preserved mummies led members of an 1880 archeological expedition to call this site Mummy Cave. The traditional Navajo name for this impressive setting is Tsιyaa Kini — House Under Rock. Anasazi lived here for nearly a . . . — — Map (db m170537) HM
The Navajo know this prehistoric Anasazi village site as Kinααzhoozhν, which means Sliding House. It is an apt description. The dwellings were constructed upon a steeply sloping ledge, and even the ingenious Anasazi builders were unable to keep many . . . — — Map (db m285791) HM
Spanish soldiers may have fired from this very site during the infamous massacre of 1805. Their Navajo targets were huddled in the alcove below and to the left. Spanish accounts describe a day-long battle against Indians entrenched in an . . . — — Map (db m285844) HM
Welcome Hubbell Trading Post, established in 1878, is the oldest continually operated trading post on the Navajo reservation. J.L. Hubbell, whose family operated the trading post for nearly 90 years, was known among the Navajo as trustworthy and . . . — — Map (db m250806) HM
U.S. Route 66 (US 66 or Route 66), also known as the Will Rogers Highway, the Main Street of America or the Mother Road, was one of the original highways within the U.S. Highway System. US 66 was established on Nov. 11, 1926, with road signs erected . . . — — Map (db m184319) HM
Take a quick scan of Arizona's history since statehood and you'll find many economic shifts, some in response to local booms and busts, others the result of national and global changes. In the 1920s, Arizona's five economic bedrocks were given the . . . — — Map (db m272265) HM
In November of 1776 a party of Spanish explorers and Indian guides passed through this area on their way to the Zuni Mission in what is now New Mexico. Franciscan Fathers, Francisco Atanasio Dominquez and Silvestre Velez De Escalante, had embarked . . . — — Map (db m36577) HM
December 29, 1863 Arizona's Territorial officials took the oath of office during a snowstorm. Governor John N. Goodwin and other officials arriving from the east by wagon train, took their oaths of office and raised the U.S. flag "to establish a . . . — — Map (db m36334) HM
The line separating the territories of New Mexico and Arizona was established as 32 degrees of longitude west of the Washington Meridian by Congressional Act of February 24, 1863, signed by President Abraham Lincoln.
The Washington Meridian . . . — — Map (db m36625) HM
About the Navajo Code Talkers
During World War II the Japanese possessed the ability to break almost any American military code. Over 400 Navajos, with 29 being the original Navajo Code Talkers, stepped forward and developed the most . . . — — Map (db m51537) HM
In Remembrance of Our Warriors
Who Made the Ultimate Sacrifice and/or
Missing in Action,
They will never be forgotten
and to us they will always be young in our thoughts.
Nelson Lewis Walter Nelson Willie A. Notah Edie . . . — — Map (db m27911) HM
Eight hundred years ago, a savannah-like grassland covered much of this high desert with abundant grasses. The residents would have collected and burned much of the nearby fuel, necessitating long walks to adjacent areas to gather wood. Sparse . . . — — Map (db m60105) HM
Named for one of Arizona's first U.S. Senators. A pioneer in development of trails and copper mines in Grand Canyon. Near here was the site of Tanner's Crossing of the Little Colorado River on the Mormon Trail from Utah via Lee Ferry to settlements . . . — — Map (db m80764) HM
John D. Lee and wife Emma established this ranch to support their lives as river ferry operators. While living here, they shuttled wagon trains and travelers across
the Colorado River on makeshift ferry boats and skiffs.
The crossing became a . . . — — Map (db m289828) HM
Isolated from society, settlers here had to provide for themselves. Growing their own food proved to be a constant struggle as unreliable irrigation plagued the
desert fields. Lonely Dell families endured and grew lush gardens, orchards, and fields . . . — — Map (db m289827) HM
Text from: Historical Markers with The Arizona Department of Transportation right of way. Prepared by: Roadside Development Section April 1, 1997
Fatigued by a thirty mile ride, the padres picked their way down the rocky north slope . . . — — Map (db m39917) HM
In desperate search for a crossing of the Colorado River before the wild storms of winter might further weaken their starving bodies, Fathers Dominguez and Escalante led their expedition past this point on October 26, 1776.
Five days were spent . . . — — Map (db m94896) HM
John Deering (Bih Bitoodnii Nez) born 1870 of the Deer Water Clan, his wife Susie Deering, born in 1878, of the Maii Deeshgiizhinii Clan, and their nine children, pioneered the areas of the Gap, Copper Mine, Cedar Ridge, Bitter Spring, Page, Marble . . . — — Map (db m189730) HM
In memoriam to ironworker Lafe McDaniel
October 3, 1887 to June 12, 1928
The only individual to die during the construction of the Navajo Bridge, Lafe McDaniel, a well like and highly experienced Kansas City ironworker, fell from near . . . — — Map (db m206713) HM
From 1872 to 1929
principal route of travel
across the Colorado River
to Utah Settlements
First crossing made at the mouth of Paria Creek in 1864 by Jacob Hamblin. Regular ferry established by John Doyle Lee in 1872. Purchased by . . . — — Map (db m41998) HM
Because of long, deep canyons, Lees Ferry was the best crossing point along 500 miles (800 km) of the Colorado River.
In 1873, Mormon Church members opened a wagon road from Kanab, Utah, and built a ferryboat here. John D. Lee was the first . . . — — Map (db m41999) HM
Northern gateway to Arizona for 54 years - from 1873 to 1927 - is located six miles upstream from this bridge.
This monument erected to the founder
John Doyle Lee
who, with superhuman effort and in the face of almost insurmountable . . . — — Map (db m94892) HM
John D. Lee settled here in Dec. 1872 and established ferry service thirteen months later. After her husband's death, Warren M. Johnson ran the oar-driven ferry for Emma Lee, 1875 to 1879, when the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints . . . — — Map (db m41997) HM
Lewis Nez, born 1900 of the Todichiinii (Bitter Water) Clan. He married twice, first to Fannie and second to Bessie Betoney. He had ten children. He was employed by the Cedar Ridge Trading Post. He was responsible for hauling supplies, U.S. . . . — — Map (db m189731) HM
For more than 100 years, Lonely Dell Ranch has meant different
things to those who traveled here. To pioneers and missionaries, it was
an isolated settlement offering small comfort during a long journey
further south. To the families who lived . . . — — Map (db m289772) HM
A tourist lodge and trading post have operated near this site since 1929. Without them, travel through this isolated region would have been far more difficult. Marble Canyon Lodge was already in operation when the historic Navajo Bridge was . . . — — Map (db m94893) HM
Charles H. Spencer's second gold mining site
Spencer used an amalgamator reliant on mercury to pull gold
from clay. Tests recovered a little gold, but also some other metal,
exhausting the mercury supply. Years later the mystery . . . — — Map (db m291039) HM
Navajo Bridge
has been placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
By the United States
Department of the Interior
August 31, 1981 — — Map (db m94885) HM
There are three markers on this end of the Navajo Bridge.(Marker on left:)
National Historical Civil
Engineering Landmark
American
Society of
Engineers
1852
Designated by the American Society of Civil Engineers . . . — — Map (db m94887) HM
This Erection Toggle Screw was used in the construction of the historic Navajo Bridge to maintain bridge vertical elevations and as a means of lowering bridge sections in place. — — Map (db m38469) HM
The Paria Canyon-Vermilion Cliff Wilderness was added to the National Wilderness Preservation System on August 28, 1984. This 112,000-acre jewel of the desert Southwest truly reperesents the meaning of wilderness. The majority of the wildreness area . . . — — Map (db m289824) HM
Welcome to Vermilion Cliffs National Monument, an isolated and spectacular landscape. Tucked away in north-central Arizona, this Monument is a wonderland of geologic formations and rugged terrain that supports a rich array of desert wildlife and . . . — — Map (db m94911) HM
Dwellings for ferry customers and operators
Only a ruin remains of the small stone cabin available to
travelers staying overnight. The ruin with two stone fireplaces
was home to Ferryman Frank Johnson, son of a previous
ferryman. . . . — — Map (db m291064) HM
Every Lonely Dell family struggled to water their fields through various dams, tunnels, and hand-dug ditches. The Paria River's muddy flows and unpredictable floods caused problems, but ferryman Warren Johnson worked tirelessly to grow crops and . . . — — Map (db m289944) HM
Flagstone walls and a roof made from earth, this partially dugout building was common on most pioneer farms and ranches. Before modern electric appliances, the cellar acted as a refrigerator to keep vegetables from freezing in the winter, butter and . . . — — Map (db m289948) HM
Warren Johnson, who took over operations after the Lees, built this cabin for his second wife Samantha and their young children. Samantha lived here only a year until the large family home was completed next door. When she moved out, farm hands . . . — — Map (db m289946) HM
Ferryman Warren Johnson built a two story house for his families using proceeds from the ferry. They tore down Emma Lee's cabin to make room for the new home, removing the last Lee Family structure at Lonely Dell.
In 1897, new lead ferryman . . . — — Map (db m289947) HM
Jerry Johnson, son of former ferryman Warren Johnson and wife Samantha, built this cabin as part of a polygamist haven. With the completion of Navajo Bridge in 1929, travelers bypassed Lees Ferry and the ranch grew quiet. Johnson and his family . . . — — Map (db m289945) HM
Leo and Hazel Weaver had big plans for their newly purchased ranch as they flipped old cabins into rentals for guests. They hired Hopi stonemason Poli Hugavi to build this house which acted as the main lodge. The rustic Paradise Canyon Ranch was . . . — — Map (db m289949) HM
Headquarters of Charles H. Spencer's gold mining company
Built 1911
First of Spencer's eight stone buildings
Failing to recover gold, Spencer abandoned his
mining outpost around 1912. Cowboys, miners, and
travelers occasionally camped . . . — — Map (db m289950) HM
This fountain is dedicated to the memory of our fellow employees who died October 8, 1997 in a plane crash near Montrose, Colorado.
Their names encircle the fountain just as the accomplishments of their careers and lives encircle us. . . . — — Map (db m40325) HM
Colorado River Storage Project
In recognition of the vision of the Colorado River Storage Project Act of 1956 and the significant contributions the act has made to the development of the Upper Colorado River Basin states, this plaque . . . — — Map (db m40350) HM
Concrete Bucket
This is one of several concrete buckets that poured the concrete in Glen Canyon Dam. Each bucket held 24 tons (22 metric tons) of concrete and it took over 400,000 buckets to complete the dam. The first pour of concrete . . . — — Map (db m40342) HM
Work began in 1956. Four years were needed to prepare the site including the blasting of two river bypass tunnels and spillway tunnels, the erection of two huge cofferdams, the construction of a highway bridge just downstream from the dam site (a . . . — — Map (db m254684) HM
Within sight of this place the Franciscan priests Dominguez and Escalante and their ten companions experienced two of the most difficult challenges among many along the 1,800 miles of their epic journey from the Spanish presidio at Santa Fe, New . . . — — Map (db m40324) HM
The imprints were made by a one ton, twenty foot long, meat-eating dinosaur. The slab of sandstone came from a nearby side canyon.
When Dilophosaurus tracked through the silt 170 million years ago, this was a different landscape. Shallow streams . . . — — Map (db m40326) HM
A slightly larger, but reasonable replica of the 16 ft. pine rowboat in which Major John Wesley Powell first explored the canyons of the Colorado River in 1869. This craft was constructed by Walt Disney Productions and used in the river running . . . — — Map (db m40323) HM
Glen Canyon Bridge
Majestic Glen Canyon Bridge, 865 feet (264 meters) downriver from the dam, was the highest steel-arch bridge in the United States when completed.
The roadway is 700 feet (213 meters) above the surface of . . . — — Map (db m101903) HM
Glen Canyon Dam, Colorado River Storage Project, dedicated by the First Lady, Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson, September 22, 1966.
United States Department of the Interior, Stewart L. Udall, Secretary.
Bureau of Reclamation, Floyd E. Dominy, . . . — — Map (db m40370) HM
Throughout the 1800 and 1900s, Lees Ferry was backdrop to a mix of Westward expansion dreams and failed schemes. Because of its stragic location along the Colorado River, unlikely groups overlapped on these shores. Miners, traders, US government . . . — — Map (db m291037) HM
Glen Canyon Dam and other dams along the Colorado River provide critical water and power resources for millions of Americans in the Southwest. Recreation at the reservoirs is enjoyed by visitors from around the world.
Turbine Runner
This . . . — — Map (db m40344) HM
The eight small "buildings" on the upstream face of the dam contain equipment to operate the penstock gates. Each penstock is 15 feet (4.6 meters) in diameter and carries water to one of the turbine generators in the powerplant. — — Map (db m40349) HM
Major John Wesley Powell led scientific exploration parties down the Green and Colorado Rivers in 1869 and in 1871-72. Years later Powell became a leader in government science programs, headed the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of American . . . — — Map (db m250651) HM
Rough, angled rock ledge on opposite river bank
Until 1899, many pioneers crossed the river near the
present-day boat dock, necessitating a harrowing
wagon ride either up or down the unforgiving rock ledge
known as "Lee's Backbone." . . . — — Map (db m291060) HM
The fort was never attacked, but welcomed travelers as a short-lived trading post. In 1911, miners expanded the building to use briefly as a crew mess hall. Through the 1930s, it mainly served as a home for various ferry families, USGS employees, . . . — — Map (db m289951) HM
Major John Wesley Powell 1834-1902 Explorer of the Colorado River 1869 and 1871-72 On August 3, 1869, Powell wrote in his journal: ” we have a curious ensemble of wonderful features — carved walls, royal arches, glens, alcove . . . — — Map (db m155893) HM
Humans first entered North America via the Bering Land Bridge sometime after 16,500 years ago as the last ice age lost its grip. Evidence of human populations in the Page area begins about 12,000 years ago. Since then a succession of Native . . . — — Map (db m254660) HM
Born out of a compromise, a vision constructed to provide power to the growing southwest. Construction began in April 1970, going commercial in 1974 (U1), 1975 (U2) and 1976 (U3).
A massive complex built on 1,786 acres leased from the Navajo . . . — — Map (db m250649) HM
Although the official discovery of Rainbow Bridge did not occur until 1909, there is convincing evidence that prospectors stumbled upon the bridge in the late 1880s. (Certainly JW Powell did not know about the bridge as he floated down the Colorado . . . — — Map (db m254683) HM
Rock Bolts
Since Navajo sandstone tends to fracture vertically, rock bolts lock rock slabs together, thereby minimizing rock falls into the canyon. These bolts extend from 45 to 75 feet (14-23 meters) into the canyon wall. They are assembled . . . — — Map (db m40346) HM
These tracks were made by a three-toed dinosaur known as a Saurischia therapod. It lived here about 170 million years ago during the Jurassic era when the environment was tropical. The footprints are raised natural sandstone castings of the . . . — — Map (db m40321) HM
Steam engine to pump water for Charles H. Spencer's mining experiments
Erected 1910
Boiler hauled from Flagstaff behind an ox-team
In his first attempt to extract gold, Spencer set up a pipe dredge across the
river. The boiler . . . — — Map (db m291040) HM
Steamboat Charles H. Spencer built for transporting coal from Warm Creek Canyon
Launched 1912
Hauled in pieces from San Francisco
and constructed at Warm Creek mine
Unaware of the difficulties in navigating the Colorado . . . — — Map (db m291061) HM
Rough mule trail for hauling Charles H. Spencer's gold mining supplies
Built 1910
Spencer's mining machinery needed fuel. As the rest of the miners hauled equipment to Lees Ferry, two men spent the fall of 1910 building a trail up this . . . — — Map (db m291041) HM
One of Coronado's lieutenants, Captain Garcia Lopez de Cardenas, discovered the Grand Canyon in 1540. In the fall of 1776 an exploring group led by two Spanish priests, Dominguez and Escalante, were the first Europeans to see Glen Canyon. John . . . — — Map (db m254671) HM
This stainless steel turbine runner was removed in 1989 from the Bureau of Reclamation's Crystal Dam Powerplant in Montrose, Colorado. Weighing about 8½ metric tons, it is the rotating part of a Francis-type reaction turbine (named after its . . . — — Map (db m40371) HM
Safer and easier crossings made possible by moving the landing site here
Completed 1899
Improvements included a new ferry launch site, new ferry boat mounted on
permanent track cable, and new road.
James Emett took over as lead . . . — — Map (db m291062) HM
USGS Guesthouse
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
Built 1950
The USGS established a presence here as part of the
Colorado River Compact, a 1922 water rights agreement.
Using a cable car to measure the river's flow, they ensured
proper . . . — — Map (db m291038) HM
Pump system for all Lees Ferry water facilities, including Lonely Dell Ranch
Even today, life at Lees Ferry means being self-sufficient, as evidenced by
the area's self-contained water system. Wells proved infeasible here, so . . . — — Map (db m291066) HM
Hydroelectric power is produced when water under pressure flows through electrical generating equipment. Water entering the turbine flows through a series of louvers called wicket gates arranged in a ring around the turbine inlet. The amount of . . . — — Map (db m155898) HM
Near here in 1879
Mormon Colonists Built
Arizona's First Woolen Mill
Hoping to utilize Hopi and Navajo wool and labor, the Mormons intended to build a new industry to supply the early settlers. The 192-spindle mill operated only a . . . — — Map (db m94884) HM
Before you lies a small tributary of the Tsegi Canyon watershed. A quaking aspen grove graces the canyon floor, while the north-facing cliff (right) offers shady habitat for towering Douglas-fir trees.
Thriving here in this desert wilderness is . . . — — Map (db m144450) HM
It is not known if the prehistoric Indians of the canyons used this plant, but both Navajos and Hopis make medicine from it, to cure stomach-ache. The Navajos use it to cure colds and headache. — — Map (db m144404) HM
As with the narrowleaf yucca, all parts of this plant provided something for the Indians. They ate the fruit, and shredded and twisted the leaves into cord and rope. Soap comes from the crushed roots and is used as a shampoo in Navajo and Hopi . . . — — Map (db m144395) HM
The maze of canyonlands stretching before you is the continuing work of millions of years of powerful and pervasive geological forces.
Water scours and down-cuts channels in the soft sandstone plateau. The process is augmented by forces of . . . — — Map (db m71515) HM
Hopis made arrows from the wood of this plant and shredded the soft bark to make a padding for babies' cradleboards. Like many of these plants, it provided medicine, and was used as an emetic and as a wash for wounds. — — Map (db m144393) HM
Footprints of a small dinosaur that walked on his hind legs. About 180 million years ago, he left a lasting signature by walking through the mud. The print then filled with sediment, and both print and cast (upside-down here) eventually turned to . . . — — Map (db m71516) HM
Generations of Hopis have long travelled far from their arid, mesa-top homes to collect fir boughs and branches. Navajos also traded cut boughs to the Hopis in exchange for corn. Each culture requires fir neck-wreaths for the dancers of certain . . . — — Map (db m144406) HM
The most common oak in Navajoland has a hard, durable wood, which is still used for ax handles, weaving battens, and cradleboard hoops. The leafy branches are favored for shade ramadas in the summer. Solutions of root bark are used to dye wool and . . . — — Map (db m144405) HM
The fruit of the pricklypear cactus is widely eaten by Southwestern Indians. It is picked with a forked stick or wooden tongs, and the spines are broken or burned off. It may be eaten fresh or dried. — — Map (db m144403) HM
The Navajo Indians resourcefully met the demands of desert dwelling when they came up with this comfortable and sturdy forked-stick hogan — so called because its chief structural support is made up of three poles with their forked ends . . . — — Map (db m144378) HM
When protected from overgrazing, this bunchgrass thrives on the high desert. It was once a nutritious food source for the Hopi Indians.
While Navajos also depended on rice grass, other foods that were easier to prepare eventually replaced it. . . . — — Map (db m144391) HM
Who Was Here? Descendants of the Hopi people who built this place call it Talastima, a Hopi word for "Place of the Blue Corn Tassels." They call their ancient relatives “Hisatsinom.” Zuni, also pueblo builders, know . . . — — Map (db m144402) HM
This plant, when made into a brew, was a multipurpose medicine, prescribed for stomach trouble, kidney afflictions, venereal disease, and coughs. — — Map (db m144407) HM
The nut of this little tree, eaten raw or roasted, is a favorite wild food of the Southwestern Indians. Prehistoric Indians used the pitch to fasten stone arrowheads and knives to wooden shafts and handles, and to repair broken pots. Navajos made . . . — — Map (db m144399) HM
This Is The Place The Ancestral Puebloans often chose south-facing alcoves like this one for their cliff villages; here are all the basic necessities of life. Benefits of winter sun and summer shade, shelter from the elements, and springwater . . . — — Map (db m144400) HM
Hopi Indians burn rabbit brush kindling with three other wood fuels in their ceremonial kivas. Slender, flexible stems are woven into basketry. Green dye comes from the inner bark, while early autumn flowers yield a yellow dye. The Hopis once . . . — — Map (db m144448) HM
Follow the easy one-mile (1.6 km) round-trip trail to a point overlooking Betatakin Ruin—multi-level cliff-village home to a community of 13th-century Anasazi farmers.
On the way there and back, youll be walking through pygmy . . . — — Map (db m71519) HM
Serviceberry is one of the enduring "life medicines" of the Navajos, which insure their survival, health, and harmony. It is gathered to treat nausea, stomach problems, animal bites, and recovery from childbirth. It is also valued as a medicine in . . . — — Map (db m144449) HM
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