Faulkner County had divided loyalties during the Civil War. Soon after the war started, Col. A.R. Witt helped organize several companies for the 10th Arkansas Infantry (C.S.). After fighting at Shiloh, the 10th was captured at Port Hudson, La. . . . — — Map (db m119987) HM
Civil War in Fulton CountyFulton County men fought on both sides in the Civil War, and some were arrested in 1861 as members of the Unionist Peace Society. U.S. troops marched through in April 1862 during the Pea Ridge Campaign. Fulton County . . . — — Map (db m179988) HM
On July 5, 1864, a battalion of the 4th Arkansas Cavalry (U.S.) left Little Rock on a scouting mission toward Caddo Gap. They fought small bands of Confederate soldiers each day before arriving at Farr’s Mill, where Gulpha Creek hits the Ouachita . . . — — Map (db m170440) HM
When Union troops occupied Little Rock on Sept. 10, 1863, Arkansas's Confederate government relocated to Washington, using the 1836 Hempstead County Courthouse as their Capitol building. The legislature met here Sept. 22 to Oct. 2, 1864, and the . . . — — Map (db m245665) HM
More than 19 companies formed in Hempstead County to fight for the Confederacy, starting with the "Hempstead Rifles," who mustered in on May 4, 1861. These local men served in the Confederate Congress - Grandison D. Royston and Rufus K. Charles . . . — — Map (db m245848) HM
"Let the broad mantle of Masonic charity be thrown over their errors, whatever the may have been, and may their virtues be cherished in the memory of those who survive."
Grand Master Elbert H. English 1859-1868
Erected by the most . . . — — Map (db m245567) WM
Near this spot in 1837 Robert Messer built the first house in Center Point. A few years later John Russey opened the first store. Center Point acquired its name and post office in 1848, and became an incorporated town in 1859.
Held by the . . . — — Map (db m121163) HM
At least four Confederate companies were recruited in what is now Howard County, including three serving in the 19th Arkansas Infantry, which trained near Center Point. The 19th Arkansas was part of the garrison at Arkansas Post when it was . . . — — Map (db m121146) HM
Military Activity at Calico Rock
While no battles were fought at Calico Rock, the area saw considerable military activity. The 4th Missouri Cavalry (C.S.) and 1st Illinois Cavalry skirmished at Calico Rock Landing on May 26, 1861. Following . . . — — Map (db m170196) HM
Union troops passed through the Wild Haws area many times during the Civil War. Gen. Samuel Curtis was here with cavalry, artillery and Illinois infantry on May 1, 1862. Fifth Kansas Cavalry troops rode through on July 6, 1862, as did a company of . . . — — Map (db m170462) HM
Cannon's History
Although this cannon was used by the Union Army during the Civil War far from its present location, it is a unique piece of Jackson County history.
The barrel is a Model-1861, Number 349, made in 1862 by the Phoenix Iron . . . — — Map (db m221224) HM
Jacksonport was one of the main mustering points for the Confederate army in Arkansas. Throughout the war both armies contended for possession of this strategic port located at the center of the White and Black river trade. The Confederate attack on . . . — — Map (db m116206) HM
Here on June 5, 1865 Confederate General Jeff Thompson formally surrendered the army of Northern Arkansas to Union military authorities. More than five thousand officers and enlisted men who served under Thompson were paroled here, as were . . . — — Map (db m116199) HM
Boone-Murphy House
Following the Union capture of Little Rock on Sept. 10, 1863, citizens of Pine Bluff asked that a Union garrison be stationed there for their protection. Gen. Frederick Steele sent the veteran 5th Kansas Cavalry and 1st . . . — — Map (db m170444) HM
Clarksville in the Civil War
Clarksville was a key point in the defense of the Arkansas River Valley during the Civil War. Confederate troops occupied the town several times before Union forces took Little Rock and Ft. Smith, gaining . . . — — Map (db m96447) HM
Three African American men represented Lafayette County in the state legislature after the Civil War. Monroe Hawkins, born a slave in North Carolina around 1832, was a minister and laborer. He was a delegate in the 1868 Constitutional Convention and . . . — — Map (db m121211) HM
Skirmish near Smithville
After the March 1862 Battle of Pea Ridge, Union troops moved into northern Arkansas. The 5th Illinois Cavalry under Maj. A.H. Seley occupied Smithville. On June 17, a local woman warned a patrol of the 5th that . . . — — Map (db m170473) HM
The Civil War in Lawrence County
Smithville was the Lawrence County seat in 1861, and while most residents supported secession, others stayed loyal to the Union. At least 17 Confederate companies were raised in the county. Other troops . . . — — Map (db m170478) HM
Moro in the Civil War
The town of Moro was established in 1850 and about 700 people lived here and nearby when the Civil War began in 1861. Union troops from the 1st Indiana, 1st Missouri, 9th Illinois, 5th Kansas, 2nd Wisconsin, and 3rd . . . — — Map (db m116247) HM
Hicks' Station, located on the Memphis & Little Rock Railroad between DeValls Bluff and Huntersville (N Little Rock), guarded the eastern approaches to the capital city. During the Little Rock Campaign, Confederate cavalry used it as a staging area . . . — — Map (db m72142) HM WM
Front
On January 10, 1863, nine men, including two Confederate officers and prominent local citizens and Masonic lodge members, were taken from a guardhouse near here, led to Samuel Vaughn's farm one mile northeast of Huntsville, and shot. . . . — — Map (db m141514) HM
Front
Isaac Murphy was born Oct. 16, 1799, in Pennsylvania. A teacher and lawyer, he moved to Fayetteville in 1834 and became involved in politics. Murphy took part in the 1849 Gold Rush, but lost his farm to creditors. He, his wife and . . . — — Map (db m141518) HM
Yellville In The Civil War
While there were no major battles fought in Marion County, the area saw many scouts, expeditions and skirmishes during the Civil War, and civilians endured both soldiers and guerrillas. In November 1862. Union . . . — — Map (db m160309) HM
Clarendon was a major White River port and crossroads when the Civil War began. Six Confederate companies were raised here and in Monroe County in 1861-2. A Union fleet tried to supply the Army of the Southwest here in June 1862, but turned back . . . — — Map (db m152977) HM
In memory of
the 382 men of Montgomery Co. Arkansas
who served in the Confederate States Army
1861 — 1865
4th AR. Inf. Co. C.
4th AR. Inf. Co. F.
33rd AR. Inf. Co. I.
Lest We Forget — — Map (db m226211) WM
Montgomery County men served in several Confederate units during the Civil War. The “Montgomery Hunters” (Co. F) and “Caddo Rifles” (Co. C) joined the 4th Arkansas Infantry in 1861. Co. I, 33rd Arkansas Infantry was raised at Caddo Gap in 1862, and . . . — — Map (db m200630) HM
The 1st Kansas Colored Infantry, a regiment that included many former Arkansas slaves, was formed in August 1862, the first black unit recruited during the war. 1st Kansas troops were the first black men to see combat, losing 10 killed and 12 . . . — — Map (db m56624) HM
Here on April 18, 1864 a Union forage train of 200 wagons escorted by 1170 men was attacked and captured by Confederate troops commanded by Generals John S. Marmaduke and Samuel B. Maxey. The wagons were loaded with corn for the Union army of . . . — — Map (db m242745) HM
The Federal government's unsuccessful Red River Expedition in April, 1864 was the last major invasion of Confederate territory west of the Mississippi River. Its aim was to capture Shreveport, Louisiana, open Texas to Federal occupation and acquire . . . — — Map (db m201019) HM
Perry County men served on both sides in the Civil War. Many enlisted in Company B, 1st Arkansas Mounted Volunteers, the Perry County Rangers, in 1861. Later designated the 3rd Arkansas Cavalry, the troops fought for the Confederacy east of the . . . — — Map (db m156837) HM
The nickname the 33rd Iowa Infantry gave Helena was hardly flattering. It came not from a hard fought battle but from miserable conditions in an overcrowded city made worse by the climate.
Soldiers Battled Malaria, Typhoid and More
Many . . . — — Map (db m51916) HM
Conditions in Civil War Helena were horrible. Overcrowding, poor sanitation, contaminated drinking water, and mosquitoes led to typhoid, dysentery, malaria and other diseases. Tents, churches, barns, abandoned houses and business buildings housed . . . — — Map (db m51978) HM
The 2nd Arkansas of African Descent manned the earthwork located here during the Battle of Helena on July 4, 1863. The 2nd was a new regiment, organized in Helena just three months earlier. They had never experienced combat. . . . — — Map (db m107891) HM
Union forces entrenched on this hill held off repeated assaults by Confederate troops under CSA General Marmaduke on the morning of July 4, 1863, in their attack on Helena. CSA General Marsh Walker's Cavalry Brigade, consisting of the 5th Arkansas . . . — — Map (db m107784) HM
Union guns emplaced on this hill defended Old St. Francis Road, the approach used by CSA General Marmaduke's Division, consisting of the 1st Brigade under Col. Shelby and Col. G.W. Thompson and the 2nd Brigade under Col. Colton Greene, in their . . . — — Map (db m107787) HM
Hindman Hill, southernmost of four positions fortified by Union Forces in June, 1863, was attacked by the 35th, 37th, and Hawthorn's Arkansas Infantry Regiments under General Fagan, CSA at daybreak, July 4, 1863. Thwarted by the strength of the . . . — — Map (db m107791) HM
As soon as the Civil War began, black men volunteered to serve in the United States Army. They were denied. In the spring of 1863, the Federal government finally began enlisting Freedmen. Within months, thousands in Helena had . . . — — Map (db m107884) HM
In the first months of 1861 many Phillips County men joined militia companies supporting the Confederate cause. In February 1861, they marched on Little Rock to take the Federal arsenal. Most joined the Confederate army that spring.
A Divided . . . — — Map (db m51979) HM
In August 1862 the Union forces occupying Helena erected on this site a redoubt of earth and timbers to serve as the key to the city’s defenses. Fort Curtis, named for the Union general in command at the time of construction, was one of five . . . — — Map (db m51919) HM
The Emancipation Proclamation
"...all persons held as slaves within any State or designated
part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion
against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, . . . — — Map (db m107885) HM
Hawthorn's Regiment advanced from the south, that of Bell from the north, King massed on Hawthorn's right. They charged at daybreak, clambering over fallen timber, and took the first line of rifle pits. Battery C not yet engaged by Price, caught . . . — — Map (db m107796) HM
"I am with the South in life or death, in victory or defeat."
Patrick Cleburne, May 1861
A Brilliant and Beloved Commander
Patrick Cleburne was a brilliant military tactician and one of
the . . . — — Map (db m109146) HM
At this site on the southern tip of Crowley’s Ridge, Indians of the Hopewell Culture lived about 500 B.C. Evidences of their settlements still remain in mounds nearby. In 1541 when Hernando De Soto crossed the river near here, he found the Casqui . . . — — Map (db m51910) HM
Thousands of freedom seekers came with the Union army when it occupied Helena in July 1862. They had no place to live, no food and no way to support themselves.
Under the Army's Care
It was up to . . . — — Map (db m107877) HM
Fortifying Helena
Soon after the Union army occupied Helena in July 1862, preparations
began for a Confederate attack. The army built four earthworks on
Crowley's Ridge. Fort Curtis sat below the ridge, in town. . . . — — Map (db m107887) HM
Patrick Cleburne found a home, friends and a profession in Helena.
When the Civil War began, he supported his adopted state, writing
to his brother, Richard, "I am with Arkansas in weal and woe."
— — Map (db m109144) HM
Quick to Volunteer
Between 1861 and 1865, several hundred men— one-third of
the able-bodied men in Phillips County — joined the
Confederate army. Most enlisted in the opening weeks of the
Civil War. The volunteers joined . . . — — Map (db m109136) HM
In 1858 a boarding school and convent was established on this site in the former residence of Col. Henry L. Biscoe by four Sisters of Mercy who came from Ireland with Bishop Andrew Byrne. The school was in the middle of heavy fighting during the . . . — — Map (db m51905) HM
Imagine watching a four-mile-long parade of soldiers, horses, wagons and artillery pieces pass your house. The soldiers in blue were supposed to be the enemy, but they offered the chance for something you thought you'd never have—freedom. . . . — — Map (db m107828) HM
Front
Seven Phillips Co. men served as generals in the Confederate army. Patrick Cleburne, perhaps the most acclaimed Arkansas general, led an Army of Tennessee division and proposed freeing slaves if they would fight for the . . . — — Map (db m107716) HM
African Americans Exercise Their Rights
In the decades following the Civil War, former slaves in
Arkansas saw African Americans elected to local, state and
national offices. Henderson B. Robinson was elected . . . — — Map (db m107892) HM
Patrick Ronayne Cleburne, the son of Dr. Joseph and
Mary Anne Ronayne Cleburne, was born March 17,
1828. At the age of twenty-one he immigrated to the
United States. He settled in Helena in 1850.
The Son of . . . — — Map (db m109138) HM
On July 12, 1862, the Union army occupied Helena. Over two thousand fugitive slaves seeking the army's protection followed. For two days, the long line of soldiers and freedom seekers filed into Helena.
Curtis Marches toward Helena
Most . . . — — Map (db m116437) HM
On April 6, 1863, Adjutant General Lorenzo Thomas made a speech at Ft. Curtis seeking to enlist former slaves into the U.S. army. The next day, hundreds of black men joined the 1st Arkansas Infantry (African Descent). Later designated U.S. Colored . . . — — Map (db m107825) HM
Polk County men served on both sides during the Civil War. Two companies of the 4th Arkansas Infantry – Co. I and Co. H, the Polk Invincibles—and Hart’s Battery served the Confederacy and at least 73 local men joined the Union army. One man in the . . . — — Map (db m200629) HM
Kirkbride Potts built Potts Inn in the 1850s and it served as a Butterfield Stage Route stop. When war began in 1861, Potts joined the Pope County Home Guard. Four sons were in the Confederate army. Thomas, Joseph and Richard Potts enlisted in the . . . — — Map (db m119958) HM
Pope County in the Civil War
Pope County soldiers served in at least 10 companies that were raised for Confederate service during the Civil War, fighting in battles east of the Mississippi River and in Arkansas. Two companies were . . . — — Map (db m119957) HM
DeValls Bluff was strategically important to both the Union and Confederate armies as a major White River port and as head of the Memphis and Little Rock Railroad. It became a key Union supply depot after its fall 1863 occupation, as well as a . . . — — Map (db m96455) HM
The Memphis and Little Rock Railroad was the first railroad to run in Arkansas. It was chartered in 1853, but when the Civil War began, only two sections were complete. One, running from DeValls Bluff to north of Little Rock, was finished in . . . — — Map (db m96454) HM
The 4th Arkansas Infantry Battalion (C.S.) enlisted at Little Rock on Nov. 10, 1861. It included Capt. T.F. Murff’s Co. A, the ‘Bayou Metre Hornets,’ which had received a flag at an Oct. 18 barbecue at modern-day Jacksonville. The regiment fought at . . . — — Map (db m116350) HM
(Continued from other side)
William Thomas Graham
John Robert Hall
Newton Fredrick Harpole
Martin Christian Herman
Alfred W. Johnson
John Thomas Lucas
George H. McCain
Ben McHenry
Lewellyn McHenry
M. J. McHenry
James S. Merritt . . . — — Map (db m205821) HM
After the Confederate defeat at Helena, Arkansas, and the surrender of Vicksburg, Mississippi, on July 4, 1863 U.S. leaders dedcided to capture Little Rock, placing another Confederate state capital under Union control.
Bridg. Gen. John Wayne . . . — — Map (db m204641) HM
Arkansas seceded from the Union on May 6, 1861. Over the next four years more than 60,000 Arkansans fought in the Confederate service while 15,000 others fought for the Union cause. More than 770 military actions occurred in Arkansas during . . . — — Map (db m117086) HM
In May 1864, Confederate troops in the Shenandoah Valley were under strength.
The Union army threatened to cut off supplies to Lee's Army of No. Virginia. Cadets were sought from the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) to bolster the Confederate . . . — — Map (db m170448) HM
In the War Between the States in 1861 Arkansas gave her adhesion to the Southern Confederacy; and 50,000 of her sons took part in the struggle on that side; while a smaller number espoused the northern cause. To-day there is no North — no . . . — — Map (db m157590) WM
After occupying Little Rock Sept. 10, 1863, Union officials made plans to fortify the capital city. Construction began Nov. 9 on "a square redoubt which will command the city and all principal approaches". The resulting earthwork was named Fort . . . — — Map (db m228006) HM
In this vicinity, on September 10, 1863, an invading Federal column under Gen'l Frederick Steele defeated Confederate forces under Gen'l John Marmaduke in the Battle of Little Rock — — Map (db m116460) HM
(side 1)
Erected in memory of the significant pain and lasting effects suffered by the people of Pocahontas and Randolph County during the Civil War.
(side 2)
Site of the capture of Confederate General Jeff Thompson, who was . . . — — Map (db m172095) HM WM
Col. Robert G. Shaver established a camp near Pocahontas to train troops for the 7th Arkansas Infantry, C.S.A., including two Randolph County companies. With 1,250 men and officers, the 7th was one of the largest regiments raised in Arkansas. They . . . — — Map (db m159749) HM
Pocahontas was a "no-man's land" after the Confederate troops organized here in 1861 moved east of the Mississippi. Soldiers and irregulars from both sides patrolled the region. One group of 300 Union militia and cavalry from Arkansas and Missouri . . . — — Map (db m232529) HM
1861
• July 22 General William J. Hardee, commander of all 6,000 available troops in Arkansas, established headquarters and training at Pitman's Ferry and mustering at Camp Shaver in Pocahontas.
1862
• February March General Earl Van Dorn, . . . — — Map (db m170354) HM
Sometime before 1830, Ransom Bettis arrived and built a home on the bluff
overlooking this site. He operated a trading post for steamboat passengers and
pioneers traveling down the National Military Road. Bettis Bluff, as it was called
then, . . . — — Map (db m170290) HM
Saline County held 6,640 people in 1860, including 749 slaves. Jabez M. Smith, the county’s secession convention delegate, voted to leave the Union. The Saline Guards formed in 1861 and became Co. E, 1st Arkansas Infantry (C.S.). Their captain, . . . — — Map (db m96592) HM
While Scott County residents were divided on the issue of secession, once Arkansas left the Union, many supported the Confederacy. The first fighting there was a Sept. 11, 1863, skirmish near Waldron where the 14th Kansas lost 1 dead and 2 wounded . . . — — Map (db m200627) HM
On April 23, 1861, the U.S. garrison at Fort Smith abandoned the post as Confederate militiamen approached. Fort Smith became an important recruiting and training center for Confederate forces in west Arkansas. Troops from Fort Smith fought at . . . — — Map (db m57916) HM
While no fighting took place in Sevier Co. during the Civil War, local men served in Confederate units. Men gathered at Belleville Church as part of Pettus’ Battalion of State Troops, marching to Arkadelphia under Gov. Harris Flanagin’s General . . . — — Map (db m121145) HM
Near this place, on February 8, 1864, Union and Confederate forces engaged in a 12 mile running battle that ranged from the old Morgan's Mill on Spring River up and across Martin's Creek along the old Indian trail that ran from Memphis to . . . — — Map (db m49108) HM
In early May 1863, Union troops left Helena to disrupt Confederate troops and destroy supplies and forage. Gen. John S. Marmaduke's Confederates confronted them at Taylors Creek on May 11, and after an hour-long skirmish the outnumbered Union troops . . . — — Map (db m243305) HM
U.S. troops from Helena came through Madison many times during the Civil War. A 5th Kansas Cavalry patrol fought here twice during a March 5-12, 1863, expedition. Iowa and Indiana troops passed through in April 1863, and detachments of men from the . . . — — Map (db m119982) HM
Mount Holly Cemetery is the final resting place of 15 Confederate soldiers, including Asa S. Morgan, who in 1861 recruited the El Dorado Sentinels, which became Co. A, 1st Arkansas Infantry. Morgan later served as colonel of the 26th Arkansas . . . — — Map (db m121172) HM
The War in Van Buren County
Most of the violence that took place in Van Buren Co. during the Civil War was caused by irregular troops. Southern units were called bushwhackers; northern guerrillas were termed jayhawkers. Both sides often . . . — — Map (db m141577) HM
As James Blunt's First Division of the Army of the Frontier massed in front of the Confederate artillery at the Cane Hill Cemetery, General John Marmaduke ordered J.O. Shelby's Rebels to (unreadable) through the hamlet of Boonsboro. As the . . . — — Map (db m240383) HM
Late in November 1862, Gen. John S. Marmaduke with 2,000 cavalry occupied Cane Hill Ridge. Gen. James G. Blunt with 5,000 cavalry and infantry and 30 pieces of artillery met them at dawn Nov. 28, 1862. Retreating slowly, making stands at Boonsboro . . . — — Map (db m240269) HM
The Fourth Division, Trans-Mississippi Army Maj. Gen. Thomas C. Hindman's Trans-Mississippi Army contained four divisions: One of cavalry under John S. Marmaduke, infantry divisions under Francis A. Shoup and Daniel M. Frost, and a reserve . . . — — Map (db m225070) HM
Newly recruited Confederate troops gathered at Elm Springs in 1861 for training. After driving Confederate troops from their winter quarters at Cross Hollows, U.S. pickets occupied the area. Confederates camped here on a bitter cold March 5, 1862, . . . — — Map (db m167935) HM
After the Aug. 10, 1861, Battle of Wilson's Creek,
Mo., four of Washington County's first Confederate
war dead – Capt. S.R. Bell, Sgt. Wm. Brown, Pvt.
Henry Fulbright and Pvt. Samuel McCurdy – were
buried in Mount Comfort Cemetery. The . . . — — Map (db m224775) HM
T.B. Van Horne, first pastor of First
Baptist Church, founded Fayetteville
Female Institute on this site in 1858.
Later rechartered in 1861 as Northwest
Arkansas Baptist Female Institute, it
housed a Federal arsenal which was
destroyed by . . . — — Map (db m224239) HM
Holcomb's Spring, settled in the 1840s, saw many
troop movements during the Civil War. Regular
Baptist Church services halted in January 1862,
as soldiers entered the area. Confederate troops
camped there in October 1862 and July 1863. . . . — — Map (db m224791) HM
Born in Alabama Oct. 10, 1829, Dandridge McRae moved to Arkansas in 1849. A lawyer, he recruited Confederates in 1861 and led a battalion at Wilson's Creek and a regiment at Pea Ridge. Promoted to brigadier general Nov. 5, 1862, he was the only . . . — — Map (db m116321) HM
Searcy Landing in the Civil War
Searcy Landing was a steamboat stop with cotton warehouses before the war. On May 9, 1862, Col. P.J. Osterhaus's 3rd Division of the Union Army of the Southwest built a bridge across the Little Red River, . . . — — Map (db m116325) HM
Naval Combat at West Point
The U.S. gunboat Cricket steamed up the Little Red River Aug. 14, 1863, hunting the Confederate steamboats Kaskaskia and Tom Sugg. She captured the vessels at Searcy Landing and destroyed a . . . — — Map (db m116269) HM
Confederates under Col. Robert Brooks, who were testing Union positions strength along the Arkansas River, attacked Federal troops at Dardanelle on Jan. 14, 1865. Maj. J.D. Jenks' 276 Union soldiers fought Brooks' 1,500 soldiers for 4 hours before . . . — — Map (db m170341) HM
The First California Infantry, under Col. James H. Carleton, and First California Calvary, under Lt. Col. Benjamin F. Davis, marched from the port of San Pedro, 18 miles, a day's journey, to lay out Camp Latham. Named for U.S. Sen. Milton S. Latham, . . . — — Map (db m49960) HM
1861 - 1865
Eternal vigilance is the price of liberty.
This tablet dedicated to the G.A.R. Post 161 by the Anna Etheridge Tent No. 58 Daughters of the Union Veterans of the Civil War - 1934. — — Map (db m113053) WM
Dedicated to the memory of the brave men of the United States Armed Forces who lost their lives in the line of duty in Beirut, Lebanon. — — Map (db m212929) WM
In grateful memory
of the brave men
from California
who served
gallantly in War,
1861 - 1865. This
memorial plaque
is dedicated one
hundred years
later in tribute
to their sacrifices. — — Map (db m113193) WM
A STUMP IS ALL THAT REMAINS of a Silver Maple transplanted from the Battlefield of Chattanooga. In 1897 the sapling was planted here as part of a Memorial Grove dedicated to Union soldiers who fought in the Civil War. The first war memorial to . . . — — Map (db m14984) HM
This grove of trees as saplings, transplanted from southern battlefields was dedicated to the memory of Union Veterans of the Civil War and presented to the State of California — — Map (db m14827) WM
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