During the U.S. Civil War, Confederate soldiers used roasted, ground chicory root as a substitute for coffee, which was scarce during the conflict. Still popular in the southern states, chicory is either mixed with true coffee or prepared by itself. . . . — — Map (db m144436) HM
Among the world's oldest medicines, its pain relieving and sedative properties have been recognized for thousands of years. Its constituents include the well known alkaloids morphine and codeine. It was used to treat dysentery during the U.S. Civil . . . — — Map (db m235698) HM
This area, including that of the adjacent shopping center, was once the site of Columbian Harmony Cemetery. The cemetery, established in 1828 "for free persons of color," was originally located near 6th and S Streets, NW, Washington, D.C. . . . — — Map (db m146576) HM
Many distinguished Black citizens including Civil War veterans were buried in this cemetery.
These bodies now rest in the new National Harmony Memorial Park Cemetery in Maryland. — — Map (db m16069) HM
[Captions:]
Fort Bunker Hill from U.S. Army Corps of Engineers drawing.
Built by the 11th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment who named the fort after the Revolutionary War battle in their home state.
Other Civil War fort . . . — — Map (db m111794) HM
One of the Civil War Defenses of Washington erected in the fall of 1861, Fort Bunker Hill occupied an important position between Fort Totten and Fort Lincoln in the defense of the National Capital. Thirteen guns and mortars were mounted in the fort. — — Map (db m111795) HM
In grateful memory of Abraham Lincoln. This monument was erected by the Western Sanitary Commission of Saint Louis, Mo., with funds contributed solely by emancipated Citizens of the United States declared free by his Proclamation, January 1st . . . — — Map (db m41617) HM
Earthworks of Fort Totten are visible within the wooded area 50 yards at the top of this hill. Cannon mounted at Fort Totten helped repulse a Confederate attack on Fort Stevens, July 11-12, 1864. — — Map (db m2993) HM
One of the Civil War defenses of Washington construction of Fort Totten was begun in August 1861, named after Gen. Joseph G. Totten the fort contained 20 guns and mortars including eight 32-pounders. — — Map (db m2999) HM
Built in 1861 and named after Brigadier General Joseph Gilbert Totten, Chief of the Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Totten commanded the northeastern countryside of Washington, DC during the Civil War. Heavily armed with massive cannon that could hurl . . . — — Map (db m92906) HM
Formerly known as the Bladensburg Piscataway Road, Minnesota Avenue has long served as an eastern gateway into Washington. Since the original wooden Benning Road Bridge across the Anacostia River was erected nearby in 1800, countless people . . . — — Map (db m136184) HM
Fort Mahan
Civil War Defenses of Washington
1861-1865
Earthworks of Fort Mahan are visible; follow path at the top of the hill.
[Illustration:]
Fort Mahan from U.S. Army Corps of Engineers drawing.
- Fort . . . — — Map (db m46083) HM
The ridge that extends along the edge of the parking lot to the right where you are standing is the remains of a rifle trench built during the Civil War. This ridge, part of the Defenses of Washington, connected Ft. Totten to the north and Ft. . . . — — Map (db m115355) HM
In 1860, the Union capital, Washington, D.C., was a sleepy city of approximately 62,000 residents. The city sat almost completely unprotected, with Fort Washington, the lone fortification, being 12 miles south. Virginia, a Confederate state, lay on . . . — — Map (db m115357) HM
The City Park across the street was once Emery Place, the summer estate of Matthew Gault Emery.
A prominent builder, Emery was Washington City's last elected mayor during the period of home rule. He was succeeded in 1874 by a . . . — — Map (db m72816) HM
In 2013, Howard University archaeologists, working with concerned citizens, completed a seven-year survey of Walter C. Pierce Community Park. Their goal: to identify and protect two 19th Century cemeteries--the Colored Union Benevolent . . . — — Map (db m112588) HM
During the Civil War (1861-1865), the Union Army Carver Hospital and barracks occupied Meridian Hill. The facilities attracted African American freedom seekers looking for protection and employment. By wars end, a Black community had put down . . . — — Map (db m130705) HM
"I knew him when he was drafted for the war, and I knew him when he came back ... He had a soldier's clothes on when he came back, with a gun, canteen, knap sack and blanket."-- Lloyd Mudd, testifying to U.S. Pension officials about . . . — — Map (db m112866) HM
The Civil War changed Washington, as Union troops poured into the city to secure it, and thousands of refugees from slavery arrived here seeking freedom. More than 40 African American soldiers and sailors were later buried at Mt. . . . — — Map (db m236779) HM
Beyond Ward Circle to your left is the campus of American University, chartered by Congress in 1893. Methodist Bishop John Fletcher Hurst guided the universitys development as a center for training future public servants. With its schools in . . . — — Map (db m130932) HM
Eldbrooke United Methodist Church's roots reach to about 1835, when Methodists gathered at the Loughborough Road home of Philip L. Brooke. Soon they built the simple, wooden Mount Zion Methodist Episcopal Church on land purchased from the . . . — — Map (db m184983) HM
Civil War Defenses of Washington 1861-1865. No visible evidence remains of Fort Bayard, which stood at the top of this hill. Named for Brig. Gen. George Bayard, mortally wounded at the Battle of Fredericksburg on December 13, 1862. — — Map (db m124) HM
Hearing those words, President Abraham Lincoln ducked down from the Fort Stevens parapet during the Civil War battle that stopped the Confederates from taking Washington. On July 9, 1864, some 15,000 Rebels led by General Jubal A. Early . . . — — Map (db m72829) HM
Even before emancipation freed Washington's enslaved people in April 1862, a free African American community had developed here amid the European American farmers. The District of Columbia, unlike its neighbors, permitted the formerly enslaved . . . — — Map (db m143796) HM
Elizabeth Proctor Thomas (1821-1917), a free Black woman whose image appears on each Brightwood Heritage Trail sign, once owned 11 acres in this area. Known, respectfully in her old age as "Aunt Betty," Thomas and her husband James farmed and . . . — — Map (db m72830) HM
In 1818 the Private Rockville and Washington Turnpike Co. began building a road to link Washington City to Rockville, Maryland. This road helped create a village. A toll gate on what today is Georgia Avenue between Quackenbos and Rittenhouse . . . — — Map (db m72819) HM
Civil War Defenses of Washington 1861-1865 The partial reconstruction of Fort Stevens that you see today was done by the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1937. No visible evidence of the original fort remains. Battle of Fort Stevens July . . . — — Map (db m3028) HM
The Military Road School opened in 1864 here along what then was Military Road, an artery linking Civil War forts. The School was one of the first to open after Congress authorized public education for Washington's African Americans in 1862. . . . — — Map (db m115232) HM
Dedicated September 1936 in memory of The Grand Army of the Republic by the Daughters of Union Veterans of the Civil War 1861-1865 — — Map (db m49526) HM
Across Quackenbos Street Emory United Methodist Church. Named to honor Bishop John Emory of Maryland (1789-1835), the congregation dates from 1832.
From the beginning, Emory welcomed all races but, like most Washington churches then, . . . — — Map (db m118907) HM
Across Quackenbos Street is Emory United Methodist Church. Named to honor Bishop John Emory of Maryland (1789-1835), the congregation dates from 1832.
From the beginning, Emory welcomed all races but, like most Washington churches then, . . . — — Map (db m147739) HM
On July 11 and 12, 1864, this intersection was the center of the only Civil War battle fought in the District of Columbia. Here, Union sharpshooters at Fort Stevens, supported by forces across the
northernmost of Washington's ring of . . . — — Map (db m123226) HM
The Peace Monument
By Franklin Simmons, 1878
The Peace Monument, also called the Naval Monument, was erected to commemorate the naval deaths at sea during the Civil War. at the top of the 44-foot monument, Grief, sometimes called . . . — — Map (db m186860) HM
In memory of the officers seamen and marines of the United States Navy who fell in defence of the union and liberty of their country 1861-1865 — — Map (db m18594) HM
President Monroe singed a charter in 1821 that established Columbian College on a site north of Florida Avenue between 14th and 15th Streets, Columbian College moved to Foggy Bottom in 1912 and became George Washington University, but the original . . . — — Map (db m63771) HM
Wayland Seminary opened in Foggy Bottom just after the Civil War to train formerly enslaved people and others as “preachers and teachers for the South” and as missionaries to evangelize Africa. In 1875 it moved here, later merging . . . — — Map (db m130745) HM
With these legendary words, naval officer David G. Farragut led the Union fleet past Confederate mines (then called torpedoes) and to victory at the Battle of Mobile Bay on August 5, 1864. From the rigging of his flagship, USS Hartford, . . . — — Map (db m4104) HM
This urban oasis exists because President Andrew Jackson needed water. The site of excellent springs (a rare commodity in the early city when everyone was dependent on private wells), . . . — — Map (db m29594) HM
(Right):Maj. Gen. James B. McPherson. Atlanta. July 22, 1864. (Left):Erected by his comrades of The Society of The Army of the Tennessee — — Map (db m17534) HM
1836 home of Francis Preston Blair Editor of Globe, also of Montgomery Blair Attorney for Dred Scott, Postmaster General in the Cabinet of Abraham Lincoln. Occupied by George Bancroft, Historian. General Robert E. Lee was here offered command . . . — — Map (db m113099) HM
Home of Rear Admiral Samuel Phillips Lee, U.S. Navy and Elizabeth Blair Lee, to whom it was given by her father, Francis Preston Blair. Admiral Lee commanded the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron during the Civil War. Home also of their son Blair . . . — — Map (db m4050) HM
Billions for the war,
and a bunker
for the president
The grand, pillared United States Treasury building that stands before you, its first section designed by Robert Mills in 1836, was the financial command center for the Union. It . . . — — Map (db m130407) HM
Billions for the war
and a bunker
for the president
The grand, pillared United States Treasury building that stands before you was the financial command center for the Union during the Civil War. It was here between 1861 and 1865 . . . — — Map (db m130491) HM
"On no earthly account will I do any act or think any thought hostile to or in defiance of the old government of the United States." Alexandria, Louisiana, January 18, 1861 "War's legitimate object is more perfect peace." Washington, D.C., . . . — — Map (db m8350) HM
Origins
Franklin Park was never supposed to exist. Unlike many other parks in Washington, DC, this land was not set aside for any special purpose. However, the natural springs that emerged from the ground here created a gathering place for . . . — — Map (db m240159) HM
One of this countrys most distinguished river, harbor and shoreline engineers, he was led by civic concerns to become the noted original author of the familiar parliamentary manual, Robert's Rules of Order.
Robert served in the . . . — — Map (db m31140) HM
(Upper Inscription): They comforted the dying, Nursed the wounded, carried hope to the imprisoned, gave in His name a drink of water to the thirsty. (Lower Inscription):To the memory and in honor of The Various Orders of Sisters who . . . — — Map (db m10176) HM
Samuel Francis Du Pont, United States Navy, 1803 - 1865
This memorial fountain replaces a statue erected by the Congress of the United States in recognition of his distinguished services. — — Map (db m32426) HM
You are standing at the heart of the Dupont Circle Neighborhood, roughly bounded by 16th St., M St., Florida Ave. and Swann St. Early on, as the westernmost circle on L'Enfant's 1792 plan, the large park was called Pacific Circle. Like other . . . — — Map (db m96431) HM
Governor, Territory of the District of Columbia (1873-1874)
Born Washington, D.C. January 31, 1835
Died Batopilas, Mexico, September 12, 1902
Buried Rock Creek Cemetery, Washington, D.C.
Civil War Union veteran, entrepreneur, civil leader . . . — — Map (db m65158) HM
While only Congress the people's elected representatives can impose taxes and decide how they are spent, the Internal Revenue Service, a bureau of the U.S. Treasury, ensures those taxes are collected fairly and efficiently. The IRS . . . — — Map (db m57212) HM
Soon after the Federal government moved to Washington in 1800, this area attracted shops and stables to serve the new residents. But where Constitution Avenue runs today, just south of this sign, Tiber Creek flowed - and often flooded. In . . . — — Map (db m57209) HM
St. Marys was the first Episcopal church in Washington where African Americans could worship free of discrimination. It was established in 1867 by 28 men and women, many of them formerly enslaved. Two White congregations, St. Johns Church and . . . — — Map (db m46905) HM
During the Civil War this building was Headquarters of the United States Army. Major General Winfield Scott, Major General Halleck and later Lieutenant General U.S. Grant had their offices here. It also housed the Bureau of Military Justice, . . . — — Map (db m133739) HM
Although nothing remains of the original landscape, this area was a battleground of the only Civil War battle fought in Washington. On July 11, 1864, Confederate troops attempted to capture the Union's capitol by first taking a meagerly defended . . . — — Map (db m105292) HM
While the hospital continued to emphasize clinical microscopy and bacteriology, achievements in other fields set the standards for military and civilian care in fields such as dentistry and X-ray use. The circumstances of World War I and the high . . . — — Map (db m143699) HM
The home of Thomas Carberry was later sold to James Donald Cameron, former Secretary of War under President Grant. When the U.S. government acquired property here for the Army hospital in 1905, the small stream running through the property was . . . — — Map (db m143703) HM
Used as a signal station
· by ·
Confederate soldiers under
Gen. Jubal A. Early
during the attack on
· Washington ·
July 11 and 12, 1864
Also used by
Confederate Sharpshooters
The lower plaque reads:
Two cannon balls . . . — — Map (db m42698) WM
Walter Reed
Army Medical Center
Named in honor of
Major Walter Reed, pioneer in military medicine
Dedicated September 26, 1977 A.D.
Dedicated to Major Walter Reed, who proved the mosquito transmission of . . . — — Map (db m143697) HM
A simple corner drug store was a gathering place for famous Georgetowners in the 1970s. "Doc" Dalinsky's drug store at 1344 Wisonsin Avenue was a popular hangout for many notable Georgetowners, especially when Doc hosted brunch on Sunday — the . . . — — Map (db m113651) HM
Almost a miniature Gothic cathedral, Christ Church behind you was built in 1885. It is the third building to occupy the spot since a group of Georgetown Episcopalians founded the parish in 1817. Among the founders were Francis Scott Key, author of . . . — — Map (db m113421) HM
First organized in a cooper's shop in 1772. Bishop Asbury preached here. This church was built in 1849 and renovated tin 1898. It served as a Civil War Hospital in 1862. President Lincoln attended this church on March 8, 1863 to hear Bishop Simpson . . . — — Map (db m113904) HM
Georgetown University Hospital, set atop a row of hills along Reservoir Road, promotes good health through patient care, research and education. Founded in 1898 and shaped by Georgetown's Catholic Jesuit heritage, the hospital consistently has . . . — — Map (db m113906) HM
In memory of Ann Lillie Mackall, friend of Rose O'Neal Greenhow and brave-hearted Confederate courier, who Died December 12, 1861, Aged 22 years — — Map (db m68745) HM
Step across the cobblestone street and trolley tracks of a bygone era and look up at the faηade of St. John's Church, Georgetown Parish, designed in the Federal style by William Thornton, architect of the Capitol. This Episcopal parish, . . . — — Map (db m112133) HM
Hidden behind the grand houses of N Street and many others large and small are tranquil walled gardens with brick terraces, old shade trees, lily ponds, swimming pools, and a tennis court or two.
Behind you stands the Edes Home, . . . — — Map (db m113641) HM
Long a Georgetown landmark, this building was occupied from 1826 by Miss Lydia English's Georgetown Female Seminary, whose patrons and frequent visitors included Martin Van Buren, James Buchanan, Daniel Webster, Henry Clay, Andrew Johnson, . . . — — Map (db m97727) HM
A historical landmark
Surratt Boarding House
604 H Street N.W. (then 541) is said to have been where the conspirators plotted the abduction of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln in 1865. — — Map (db m7046) HM
[pedestal, north face:]
Albert Pike
Vixit
Laborum Ejus Supersites Sunt Fructus
Author - Poet
[pedestal, west face:]
Scholar - Soldier
[pedestal, south face:]
Erected 1901 by the Supreme Council of
. . . — — Map (db m29652) HM
Welcome to downtown Washington DC - an area rich in history, culture and places to see. You will enjoy visiting the following sites located in the vicinity of this sign.
Clockwise from top:
"Lone Sailor" at the US Navy . . . — — Map (db m110214) HM
“Its too bad
the damn thing
is fire proof.”
General William Tecumseh Sherman, 1887
The nations only museum dedicated to American achievements in architecture, urban planning, construction, . . . — — Map (db m48661) HM
Built in the autumn of 1861 and enlarged in 1862, the battery was named for Gouveneur Kemble of Cold Spring, NY, a former superintendent of the West Point Foundry. The battery, which consisted of two 100-pound Parrott guns, was designed to sweep the . . . — — Map (db m142203) HM
This Circle Honors Anna Julia Haywood Cooper the educator and civil and women's rights advocate who lived in the gracious house at 201 T Street from 1916 until her death in 1964 at age 105. Born into slavery, Cooper graduated from Oberlin . . . — — Map (db m170781) HM
Christian Fleetwood (1840-1914) was one of 21 African Americans to be awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for bravery during the 1864 Battle of Chaffin's Farm near Richmond. After the Civil War he worked for the federal government and organized . . . — — Map (db m77543) HM
Freedmen's Hospital was established by the federal government in 1862 to address the needs of thousands of African Americans who poured into the city seeking freedom during the Civil War. The hospital's first administrator was Major Alexander T. . . . — — Map (db m84805) HM
Before there was a LeDroit Park, map engraver David McClelland owned a mansion on the property across Rhode Island Avenue. When the Civil War broke out in April 1861, McClelland possessed a detailed map of Washington that suddenly had great . . . — — Map (db m130844) HM
The Entire Block to Your Left was once a Civil War-era camp and hospital for formerly enslaved African Americans
After the Civil War broke out in 1861, thousands walked away from bondage. When some sought shelter at Fortress Monroe, . . . — — Map (db m130849) HM
The Logan Circle Historic District has a rich history of change. A fashionable, exclusive neighborhood had evolved by the 1870s home to members of Congress, such as Senator John Logan of Illinois. By the turn of the 20th century, Iowa later . . . — — Map (db m63401) HM
Over the years most of Logan Circle's Mansions experienced numerous uses and have returned to private occupancy. For example 15 Logan Circle was completed in 1877 for Lt. Cmdr. Seth Ledyard Phelps, a Civil War Veteran appointed by President . . . — — Map (db m154215) HM
The house at #4 Logan Circle, built in 1878, was the 1880's home of Senator John A. Logan. In the Civil War, Logan's military valor helped to save the Union. In the postwar era, Logan lived here as a political leader deeply committed to achieving . . . — — Map (db m153985) HM
The house at #4 Logan Circle, built in 1878, was the 1880's home of Senator John A. Logan. In the Civil War, Logan's military valor helped to save the Union. In the postwar era, Logan lived here as a political leader deeply committed to achieving . . . — — Map (db m195513) HM
“We should guard their graves with sacred vigilance. All that the consecrated wealth and taste of the Nation can add to their adornment and security is but a fitting tribute to the memory of her slain defenders.” John A. Logan . . . — — Map (db m53016) HM
Some of the City's finest Victorian Houses ring Logan Circle. While the area appears on the L'Enfant Plan of 1791, it took Alexander Boss Shephard's improvements to make these grand houses of the 1870s and '80s possible.
Three Union . . . — — Map (db m130851) HM
(Right):Maj. Gen. George H. Thomas San Francisco, Cal. March 28, 1870 (Left):Erected by his Comrades of the Society of The Army of the Cumberland — — Map (db m29457) HM
