In the summer of 1914, Carl and Ethel Mae left Braham, MN to take clerk jobs at Elias Nordgrens mercantile store. It was here on December 26, at 12:26AM, Carl ran over to the neighboring house and announced to Harry Wolleat, they had a son named, . . . — — Map (db m230633) HM
Below: Map of the Arrow Line route as advertised.
Above: Portion of an Arrow Line stock certificate.
Construction by the Twin Cities & Lake Superior Railway Company took place in 1907-1909. Forty miles of . . . — — Map (db m229960) HM
The people who created this state park will never meet you but they gifted you with a cherished place. Protection allows this landscape to welcome visitors in much the same way it has for centuries. Did you travel hours or minutes to get here? . . . — — Map (db m216753) HM
The Treaty of 1837, made between Wisconsin Territorial Governor Henry Dodge and the Chippewa nation of Indians, ceded to the United States a large area of Chippewa territories, the St. Croix and its headwaters up to a line 30 miles south of Duluth. . . . — — Map (db m216748) HM
William Henry Carmen Folsom, St. Croix River Valley lumberman and land speculator, chose this imposing site for his home in 1854. He, his wife Mary Jane, and their two small sons lived in an open barn on this property to prove up the claim while . . . — — Map (db m44027) HM
About 1.1 billion years ago, a great rift valley formed across the North American continent from the Lake Superior region southwest to Kansas. As this rift valley opened, basaltic lavas erupted into it, accumulating to a thickness of up to 20 . . . — — Map (db m45814) HM
The potholes at the St. Croix Dalles have their origins in a tale of fire and ice. They are carved in a dark volcanic rock called basalt, which erupted as lava 1.1 billion years ago. This basalt is related to lava flows that line the North Shore of . . . — — Map (db m46434) HM
So read the local paper in 1904 as engineers surveyed the Saint Croix River in search of a suitable place to build a hydroelectric project. The falls had long fueled the local lumbering and milling industries, but the Minneapolis General Electric . . . — — Map (db m120099) HM
This is the oldest Methodist Church building in continuous use in Minnesota. Methodist circuit riders of the Sunrise Mission served the Taylors Falls area 1852-59. On March 27, 1859, the Rev. Sias Bolles organized the Taylors Falls Methodist . . . — — Map (db m44571) HM
Old Georgetown A Tranportation Crossroads
In 1857 the Hudson's Bay Company received United States government permission to
ship furs and trade goods across the United States. They contracted with the Burbank
brother's Minnesota Stage . . . — — Map (db m205727) HM
Toward the close of the last or Wisconsin stage of glaciation about 10,000 years ago, the ice front receded from central Iowa toward the north and, in the latitude of Browns Valley, crossed the continental divide between the Mississippi River and . . . — — Map (db m233564) HM
The fertile areas along both banks of the Red River of the North were once the bed of a huge lake known to geologists as Glacial Lake Agassiz. When the last glacier retreated and the lake slowly drained some 9,000 years ago, the plain left behind . . . — — Map (db m156984) HM
Built by James and Wilhelmina Douglas in 1873 and occupied until 1887, James Douglas ran a steam ship line along the Red River and served as Moorhead's first Post Master. — — Map (db m43831) HM
Red River Transportation The Red River Trails were a set of overland routes linking the cities of Winnipeg and St. Paul and the small forts and settlements between them.From 1820 to the 1870s, the trails were used by Metis freight drivers who . . . — — Map (db m100838) HM
St. John's Episcopal Church was designed on an Elizabethan model by the noted architect, Cass Gilbert, among whose other significant buildings is the present Minnesota State Capitol. Construction of St. John's began on August 1, 1898.On February 12, . . . — — Map (db m43829) HM
The railroad bridge west of this spot marks the location of the first bridge over the Red River. In early 1872, the Northern Pacific Railway built west from Duluth and reached the river — this is where Moorhead was founded. Bridge construction . . . — — Map (db m213595) HM
Born in Maine in 1842, Solomon G. Comstock worked on the family farm until he came of age and then followed the pioneers west. After reading law in Bangor, he studied at the University of Michigan, then went to Omaha and Minneapolis. Finally, in . . . — — Map (db m207124) HM
The diversified scenery of Minnesota- of which the Itasca park area is one phase- is due to the location of the state in the approximate center of the continent, situated midway between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, Hudson Bay and the Gulf of . . . — — Map (db m232172)
Discovered by Henry R. Schoolcraft from the summit of this hill July 13, 1832 This tablet is placed by the Society of Colonial Dames of America in the State of Minnesota 1924 — — Map (db m155676) HM
The name "Itasca" was coined specifically from the Latin words "Veritas caput" -- literally meaning "true head" -- by Henry Rowe Schoolcraft in 1832. Led by Ozawindib, an Ojibwe guide who knew the upper reaches of the Mississippi River and its . . . — — Map (db m71470) HM
Herein, under the Ordinance of 1787, began the westward expansion of this nation • The American Bill of Rights first nationally recognized • Human slavery prohibited • Primogeniture abolished • And the great new principle of colonies becoming equal . . . — — Map (db m155672) HM
Acquiring a Homestead David S. Patterson came to Itasca in 1889. Patterson made claim to 152 acres, which included the Headwaters of the Mississippi. He purchased the land in 1891 for $191. Patterson's cabin was north of McMullen's cabin near . . . — — Map (db m155671) HM
The romantic 19th century quest for the source of the Mississippi river brought many explorers — among them Zebulon Pike, Lewis Cass, and Giacomo Beltrami — to northern Minnesota. The search ended when Ojibwe chief Ozawindib guided Henry . . . — — Map (db m155665) HM
Built their pioneer home at this place in 1893, one building being used as a store and post office. An act of the Minnesota Legislature in 1945 authorized acquisition of the homestead as an addition to Itasca State Park. Dedicated in grateful . . . — — Map (db m155673) HM
This replica of the original Wegmann Store was built in 1977 as part of an ongoing summer crafts program to demonstrate log cabin construction. The replica was built by craftsperson Christopher Alpine from Lengby, Minnesota. While the original . . . — — Map (db m155674) HM
So named in honor of Clarence R. Magney (1883-1962), lawyer, mayor of Duluth, district judge, justice of Minnesota’s Supreme Court, student of Minnesota history, defender of its wilderness areas, champion of their preservation.
As a young man . . . — — Map (db m232202) HM
Originally made from cedar and birch bark, the Canot du Nord functioned as the workhorse of the 18th and 19th century fur trade. These birch bark canoes could carry several tons of trade goods and between 4 and 6 voyageurs, the occupational . . . — — Map (db m235254) HM
You are looking across Gunflint Lake at the Canadian shore. This was one of the international routes taken by the voyageurs in the late 1600's into the 1800's. — — Map (db m231493) HM
Gunflint Trail Area
The Gunflint Trail is one of Minnesota's most famous roads. Along its 56 miles are trails on old railroads, clear lakes, moose viewing areas, giant magnetic boulders, ancient meteor strikes, recovering fire areas, and . . . — — Map (db m235139) HM
Wildfire!
At 11.44 am, May 5, 2007, a wildlife was reported in the vicinity of Ham Lake, near the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness and the Gunflint Trail. By the time the Ham Lake Fire was 100% contained fourteen days later, it had . . . — — Map (db m231835) HM
Listen! Can you hear echoes from the 1930s, when 200 men of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) used picks and shovels to construct the Cascade River Overlook?
The Overlook, where you stand today, is part of the 118-acre Cascade . . . — — Map (db m203021) HM
An Indian community of about 200 people was located in this area about 1915. An ancient Indian cemetery is located about two blocks northeast of this historic church — — Map (db m203254) HM
In 1906 this community was named in honor of Colonel William Colvill, commander of the First Minnesota Regiment.
At the Battle of Gettysburg, July 2, 1863, this regiment was ordered to charge and advance of Confederates twenty times their . . . — — Map (db m232203) HM
When Newton H. Winchell, Minnesota's state geologist, and, Ulysses S. Grant II (the president’s son) surveyed this area in the 1890s, they concluded that a peak in the Misquah Hills was the state's highest point. Using an aneroid barometer, they . . . — — Map (db m151362) HM
The rocks of the North Shore of Lake Superior record the last period of volcanic activity in Minnesota. This volcanism occurred 1.1 billion years ago when the North American continent began to rupture along a great rift valley, which extended from . . . — — Map (db m203069) HM
The harbor of Grand Marais is the result of unequal weathering or erosion of two types of rock. One of these, called diabase, resulted from the cooling of molten material which was forced between two earlier lava flows. The dark, massive diabase, . . . — — Map (db m203155) HM
Henry Mayhew, explorer, prospector, entrepreneur and county commissioner, was credited with developing Gunflint Trail and Grand Marais. Capitalizing on the North Shore's well-established commercial fishing and tourism industries, he constructed the . . . — — Map (db m203209) HM
Ancient Volcanoes
1.1 billion years ago, 500 million years before invertebrates appeared, a giant volcanic rift began to open where Lake Superior now lies. Huge lava flows erupted from the rift, spreading over hundreds of square miles . . . — — Map (db m203225) HM
In 1972 Consolidated Papers, Inc., of Wisconsin Rapids, Wis., ended long distance rafting of pulpwood across Lake Superior. From 1923–1972, Consolidated rafted over two million cords of pulpwood from Minnesota and Canada to Ashland, Wis. Minnesota . . . — — Map (db m203083) HM
From the 1700s until the early 1900s, itinerant missionaries braved extreme hardships to minister sporadically to North Shore settlers. In 1855, Jesuit missionaries from Fort Williams, Ontario, served Chippewa City, an Ojibwe community of about 100 . . . — — Map (db m200626) HM
Lake Superior Indians recognized the unique nature of this bay long ago, naming it "Kitchi-Bitobig", meaning "double body of water." When white man first settled around this bay, in 1854, a few Indian families lived in tepees and cabins around the . . . — — Map (db m203151) HM
Welcome!
The Point is a broad tombolo which defines the two natural harbors that have made Grand Marais an important spot on Lake Superior's shore for centuries. The 8.4 acre Point was conveyed to the federal government in 1942, and is part . . . — — Map (db m203216) HM
Hedstrom Lumber Mill
This 6 acre site, bounded by the Gunflint Trail, County Road 60, and the Devil Track River, was home to the Hedstrom Lumber mill and office from 1914 to 1994. The 4 acre eastern portion, once boulder filled and rough, was . . . — — Map (db m231483) HM
In the 1960s, archeologists discovered here remains of a structure used between 1785 and 1802, unusual because it was built on posts. They found artifacts that match the bills of lading from bales, kegs, and cassettes (small trunks) that were canoed . . . — — Map (db m152972) HM
The Gates are shut always after sunset and...
there are two Sentries keeping a look out all
night chiefly for fear of accident by fire.
John Macdonell, Grand Portage, 1793
This gatehouse was not intended to . . . — — Map (db m152975) HM
Minnesota's Northern Border
Determining, surveying, and marking Minnesota’s border with Canada took 142 years and left the state with a tag end called the Northwest Angle standing isolated and alone on the Canadian side of Lake of the . . . — — Map (db m206879) HM
The Grand Portage, or "the great carrying place, Gichi Onigamiing, has been a meeting point for centuries: it was part of an extensive Native American trading network well before the first French trader arrived in 1731. Though the French formally . . . — — Map (db m152968) HM
"All the buildings within the Fort are sixteen in number...Six of these buildings are Store Houses for the company's Merchandise and Furs, etc., the rest are dwelling houses shops compting and Mess House..."
John Macdonell 1793
"June . . . — — Map (db m153048) HM
The lever fur press, much like the reconstructed model before you, was frequently used at fur trading posts operated by the North West Company. It was simple to operate and could be constructed from wood found near the post. Fur pelts, with . . . — — Map (db m153042) HM
American Indians developed the birchbark canoe hundreds or thousands of years ago. It would provide the technology that allowed the North West Company to span the continent.
"Canots du Nord"
The 24-foot north canoes could be portaged . . . — — Map (db m153049) HM
The Grand Portage, or Great Carrying Place, was a key 18th century link between the Pigeon River and Lake Superior, making it also a vital connection between Montreal and the rich fur-bearing lands far to the northwest. Traveled for centuries before . . . — — Map (db m62049) HM
Inside the Historic Depot in front of you are three of the sixteen buildings that once comprised the summertime headquarters of the North West Company. The depot was not a fort but instead a secure transshipment point for valuable furs and trade . . . — — Map (db m152973) HM
Montreal canoemen were hired to paddle to Grand Portage. Once there, each man had to carry several 90-pounds (41-kg) bundles of trade goods and supplies up the Grand Portage to Fort Charlotte, where the bundles were repacked for canoe brigades . . . — — Map (db m153054) HM
Father Frederic Baraga, learning of a possible
epidemic afflicting the Indians at Grand Portage in 1846, set out in a small boat from Madeline Island in Wisconsin with an Indian guide.
An unexpected storm threatened them, but their lives were . . . — — Map (db m98448) HM
This was the view of the bay in front of you in the 1950s. It was the heyday of resorts in a fisherman's paradise at the end of the Gunflint Trail. — — Map (db m232018) HM
Saganaga Lake is located along the Border Route, an ancient travel route between Lake Superior and the interior waters of Lac La Pluie (Rainy Lake) that is often referred to as The Voyageur's Highway.
Saganaga Lake was an . . . — — Map (db m231492) HM
Saganaga Lake is located along the Border Route, an ancient travel route between Lake Superior and the interior waters of Lac La Pluie (Rainy Lake) that is often referred to as The Voyageur's Highway.
Saganaga Lake was an . . . — — Map (db m232520) HM
The word "portage" is French for "to carry."
Canoe rests were built between 1933 - 1942 in the Superior Roadless Wilderness Area, now known as the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (BWCAW), by the Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC). . . . — — Map (db m232921) HM
You are standing near the former site of the Judge's Cabin built approximately 1934.
"American Plan" was a popular cabin rental option from the 1920s-1970s. American Plan cabins were furnished with beds, chairs, dressers, and a wash . . . — — Map (db m235864) HM
Trapper's lives were spartan and generally routine.
Before freeze-up, they brought in supplies, cut wood, and weather-proofed their cabins and shelters. Returning in November, they set trap lines along trails looping fifty miles or so through . . . — — Map (db m231548) HM
This log was taken from a dead red pine (Pinus resinosa) tree growing on Voyageurs Island in Lake Saganaga.
Through a process called crossdating, the growth rings of this tree have been matched to those of living trees growing elsewhere in . . . — — Map (db m231689) HM
“Grand Old Lady of the Prairie"
Florence Cook Roefer (1913-2000) was an early leader in preserving these rock carvings and the surrounding prairie. As the first site manager of Jeffers Petroglyphs, Florence nurtured 33 acres of . . . — — Map (db m140823) HM
This outcropping is an “erosional high”-rock
smoothed off by glaciers.
Continental glaciers advanced and retreated across this region many times in the last million years, before leaving for good about 12,000 years ago. . . . — — Map (db m140824) HM
About 14,000 years ago this landscape was covered with ice.
When the ice melted, an open parkland dotted with black spruce developed. After a period of warming and drying, forests of oak and elm replaced the spruce. People began living . . . — — Map (db m140820) HM
What are those fence posts doing in the middle of the prairie?
They used to mark the edge of a farm field. In 1974 the Minnesota Historical Society planted a few grass varieties on 50 acres of cropland, initiating one of the first . . . — — Map (db m140804) HM
Prairie fires set by lightning or by people were common in this region.
Fortunately, most prairie plants are long-lived perennials with deep, extensive root systems. Their ability to produce vigorous new shoots below the soil's . . . — — Map (db m140822) HM
People hunting game most likely traveled this ridge, which provided a dry route above the lake-dotted prairie for thousands of years.
The earliest inhabitants of this region hunted woolly mammoths and musk-ox. Beginning with the . . . — — Map (db m140821) HM
This property has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior Cottonwood County Courthouse 1904 — — Map (db m157788) HM
All Gave Some
Some Gave All
All veterans are honored and remembered by the
Windom Veterans of Foreign Wars Post #3844
Granite monument:
La Grange Post No. 79.
61 G.A.R. 65
Women's Relief Corps
61 No. 36. . . . — — Map (db m234289) WM
Windom High School Graduate • 1935 University of Minnesota • 1935-1939 Green Bay Packers • 1939-1941 Voted: Minnesota’s MVP • 1938 All American Athlete • 1939 Green Bay Hall of Fame • 1942 — — Map (db m157782) HM
Although never a city entity, this park was located on the east side of Sixth Street just south of the Northern Pacific Railroad tracks, also called NP Park as it was on Northern Pacific RR land. The first NP Depot was just to the north, . . . — — Map (db m213559) HM
Toward the close of the Wisconsin stage of glaciation about 12,000 years ago, the waning lobe of the ice sheet in the Brainerd area retreated westward, leaving in its wake many stagnant ice blocks which had become separated from the main ice field. . . . — — Map (db m155678) HM
Few spots in Minnesota are richer in historical lore than Old Crow Wing. Here in 1768, the Sioux suffered a significant defeat in their long struggle to regain central Minnesota from the invading Chippewa. A British fur trader wintered at the . . . — — Map (db m207134) HM
At this location, on July 23, 1872, a tragedy occurred and two American Indian brothers lost their lives to a vigilante group. These members of the White Earth Nation had been accused in the disappearance of a 22 year-old woman from Crow Wing . . . — — Map (db m213585) HM
Founder Stewart C. Mills, Sr. December 6, 1891 – April 8, 1978 Lively Auto Company — 1922 Crow Wing Oil Company — 1924 Mills Motor, Inc. — 1931 Mills Fleet Farm — 1955 Mills Properties, Inc. — 1959 — — Map (db m238261) HM
Here stood the mission of that great servant of God, Father Francis X. Pierz, his log chapel of 1852, and his frame church of 1867 (demolished 1915). Stones that supported the original structures now support this stone, laid on Columbus Day in . . . — — Map (db m189779) HM
Named for entrepreneur Cuyler Adams and his faithful dog Una, the Cuyuna Ranges lies at the westernmost edge of a ring of iron ore that circles Lake Superior. The smallest of Minnesota’s three northern iron ranges, the Cuyuna was also the last to be . . . — — Map (db m43934) HM
The establishment of Fort Ripley in 1848 represents the U.S. government’s effort to establish control on the northern frontier. Construction began on the west bank of the Mississippi River across from this point a year before Minnesota became a . . . — — Map (db m43935) HM
Legend has it this walleye was caught by Paul Bunyan and Babe the Blue Ox after a three day struggle. Paul finally wrapped his line around Babe's horns and Babe pulled the fish out of Lake Mille Lacs and up onto Garrison Beach. — — Map (db m78403) HM
Names from the fur traders' phrase "The Thousand Lakes Region." This lake is 1250 feet above sea level and covers about 200 square miles. It formerly included much low ground and several adjacent lakes. When visited by Du Luth in 1679, Sioux . . . — — Map (db m78405) HM
This memorial erected
in honor of
William A. Tauer
who sacrificed his life
to save others
during the storm on
Mille Lacs Lake
June 10, 1927 — — Map (db m78406) HM
The only open-air railway station remaining in the U.S.A. Built in 1896 by the Northern Pacific Railway preserved and maintained through the cooperation of local and summer residents. — — Map (db m126145) HM
This plaque dedicated to the founding pioneer families, and their contribution to the town of Smiley/Nisswa, on the occasion of its Centennial Celebration.
Settled in 1886. Became Village of Smiley in 1898. Organized as township in 1900. Became . . . — — Map (db m131673) HM
The depot had its birth in 1896, and was slated for demolition when the railroad discontinued service to the Lake Hubert region. It has been preserved through the cooperative efforts of Lake Hubert residents.
Mr. Hugh McCaffrey, who ran the Lake . . . — — Map (db m126147) HM
"Plant Some Trees, Then Plant Some More" Art Savage worked as a Forest Ranger from 1939 to 1971. He was District Forester for the Department of Conservation, the agency that later became the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. . . . — — Map (db m237499) HM
Bean Hole Days brings a surge of people to Pequot Lakes every year, and we're often asked, What is Bean Hole Days? Bean Hole Days started in the fall of 1938. A group of Pequot Lakes businessmen prepared the first free bean . . . — — Map (db m237310) HM
Though the fires noted on this panel are not considered among the most significant in the state's history, this area has experienced some harrowing and memorable wildfires. Over the years, the specialists we count on to deal with wildfires draw on . . . — — Map (db m237399) HM
This picnic shelter is dedicated to Don Nelson, who served Crow Wing County, Sibley Township and the City of Pequot Lakes as a dedicated employee and volunteer. Don Nelson began his career as a logger, and operated a saw mill in Sibley Township . . . — — Map (db m237487) HM
About one-third of Minnesota is covered with forest. These woodlands are incredibly diverse, with over 50 species of native trees and a wide array of plants that make up the understory and cover the forest floor. It is very important that we all . . . — — Map (db m237397) HM
The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources Division of Forestry works with other agencies and fire departments, to provide wildfire protection for over 16 million acres of Minnesota forest. The Division of Forestry also administers burning . . . — — Map (db m237497) HM
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