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Historical Markers and War Memorials in Frederick County, Virginia
Winchester is the county seat for Frederick County
Adjacent to Frederick County, Virginia
Clarke County(75) ► Shenandoah County(215) ► Warren County(45) ► Winchester(127) ► Berkeley County, West Virginia(106) ► Hampshire County, West Virginia(76) ► Hardy County, West Virginia(44) ► Jefferson County, West Virginia(348) ► Morgan County, West Virginia(109) ►
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In June 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee marched his infantry from Culpeper County to the Shenandoah Valley to launch his second invasion of the North. First, however, he had to capture Winchester, the largest town on his line of communication, . . . — — Map (db m2645) HM
German emigrant Jost Hite and about 16 other German and Scots-Irish families from Pennsylvania came to this region in 1732, creating one of the early permanent European settlements. They settled along the Opequon Creek watershed south-west of the . . . — — Map (db m2267) HM
West Virginia. West Virginia was long a part of Virginia. Morgan Morgan began the settlement of the region in 1727. A great battle with the Indians took place at Point Pleasant, 1774. West Virginia became a separate state of the Union in . . . — — Map (db m193320) HM
January 2, 1753 Jesse Pugh the elder, purchased a tract of land on both sides of Back Creek from Lord Fairfax. October 6, 1788 Job Pugh, son of Jesse Pugh Sr. drafted a charger of Pugh Town. April 20, 1805 Job Pugh sold to Jesse Pugh Jr., his . . . — — Map (db m159480) HM
On a spring-like morning of January 1, 1862, the newly-promoted Maj. Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson set out from Winchester on the Bath-Romney campaign. This was the first step in Jackson's expedition to Romney in an effort to retake control . . . — — Map (db m159479) HM
Frederick County Va. Area 435 Square Miles. Formed in 1738 from Orange and named for Frederick, Prince of Wales, father of King George III. Several battles were fought in the vicinity of Winchester 1862-1864.
West . . . — — Map (db m3097) HM
This property was granted by Lord Fairfax in 1762 to Captain Jeremiah Smith.
Jeremiah Smith and his descendants are buried here.
As one of the first settlers of this valley, Jeremiah Smith was known as "The Pioneer" and was personally . . . — — Map (db m204571) HM
Here Willa Sibert Cather, the novelist, was born December 7, 1873. This community was her home until 1883, when her family moved to Nebraska. Nearby on Back Creek stands the old mill described in her novel Saphira and the Slave Girl. — — Map (db m92498) HM
This house, built in 1858, was the childhood home of novelist Willa Cather from 1874 to 1883, when she moved with her family to Nebraska. It was the setting of the final chapters of her novel Sapphira and the Slave Girl. Willa Cather was born . . . — — Map (db m3095) HM
One-half mile west at Greenspring stands the Old Stone Church, the second church building on the site, which was built in 1838 for a Lutheran congregation. The first church had been built as a subscription school and as a house of worship. Old . . . — — Map (db m7340) HM
Dedicated on 15 October 1907, this monument is adjacent to the original Valley Pike right of way. It marks the eastern limit of the XIX U.S. Corps positions occupied on 19 October 1864 and is at the approximate point where U.S. Generals Horatio G. . . . — — Map (db m3397) HM
In Memory of
The Men of This Regiment
Who Lost Their Lives at the Battle
of Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864
Erected by
Their Comrades and Friends
Dedicated in 1907 — — Map (db m117458) WM
Captain Eben D. Haley's 1st Maine Light Artillery occupied a knoll behind the contact point of Colonel Daniel Macaulay's 3rd Brigade and Brigadier General Henry W. Birge's 1st Brigade. The battery quickly came under Confederate artillery fire and . . . — — Map (db m3427) HM
Belle Grove was Union headquarters, and thus was surrounded by hundreds of supply wagons, ambulances and tents. As the Confederate advance neared the plantation manor house there was a scramble to evacuate them to safely. Most escaped capture. . . . — — Map (db m123963) HM
General Philip Sheridan defeated General Jubal Early here for the third time in 30 days. Sheridan’s pursuit of Confederates from Fisher’s Hill halted at Mount Crawford. On his return he encamped his three corps in this immediate area. Early . . . — — Map (db m581) HM
The Battle of Cedar Creek 19 October 1864 (a.m.) Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan’s Union forces established themselves on both sides of the Valley Pike, north of Cedar Creek, centered on Belle Grove. Confederate Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early . . . — — Map (db m15171) HM
The Battle of Cedar Creek
19 October 1864 (a.m.)
Maj. Gen. Philip Sheridan’s Union forces established themselves on both sides of the Valley Pike, north of Cedar Creek, centered on Belle Grove.
Confederate Lt. Gen. Jubal A. . . . — — Map (db m78063) HM
(Preface): The fertile Shenandoah Valley was the "Breadbasket of the Confederacy" as well as an avenue of invasion. Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early's march north and his raid on Washington, D.C., in June-July 1864 alerted Union Gen. Ulysses . . . — — Map (db m78137) HM
Near this point General Early, on the morning of October 19, 1864, stopped his advance and from this position he was driven by Sheridan in the afternoon. — — Map (db m231401) HM
In early Oct. 1864, portions of Union Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan’s army bivouacked here on the hills and rolling farmland just north of Cedar Creek along the Valley Turnpike (present-day U.S. Rte. 11). Just before daybreak on 19 Oct., Confederate . . . — — Map (db m50310) HM
From this position (Belle Grove Mansion is west of here) most of the VI and XIX U.S. Corps camps were visible on 19 October 1864. The XIX Corps camped close to their earthworks along the ridge to the south. VI Corps units were placed along the . . . — — Map (db m3363) HM
On October 15, 1907, veterans of the 128th New York Regiment met on the Cedar Creek battlefield to dedicate the monument to their unit. These men, along with the rest of the 19th Corps, had borne the brunt of the Confederate attack against their . . . — — Map (db m117461) HM
Genl. Stephen Thomas commanding brigade advanced across the Pike the morning of Oct. 19, 1864. Engaged the enemy near and beyond this point, and before sunrise lost in killed and wounded 110 men. Three color bearers were shot down and 13 out of 16 . . . — — Map (db m158568) HM
Cedar Creek Battlefield and Belle Grove has been designated a Registered National Historic Landmark under the jurisdiction of the Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935. This site possesses exceptional value in commemorating or illustrating the . . . — — Map (db m92700) HM
Commanding Reserve Brigade
Cavalry Corps
Army of the Shenandoah
Fell in action near this place
October 19, 1864
Useful Citizen * Gallant Soldier
He died too early for his country(reverse side)
Cedar . . . — — Map (db m1868) HM
This knoll marks the position of the Union Army when Sheridan rejoined it at 10:30 A.M., October 19, 1864, in the Battle of Cedar Creek. His arrival, with Wright's efforts, checked the Union retreat. — — Map (db m577) HM
On the night of October 18, 1864, tents sheltering part of General Philip Sheridan's 32,000 strong Union Army of the Shenandoah blanketed the fields before you. Numerous supply wagons stood around Belle Grove. Above the banks of Cedar Creek, more . . . — — Map (db m117576) HM
The 2nd (Vermont) Brigade of the 2nd Division, VI U.S. Corps, briefly deployed around the Heater House as skirmishers in the first federal effort to stop the 19 October 1864 Confederate morning attack. When this proved unfeasible, the entire . . . — — Map (db m155787) HM
Probably built around 1800, this clapboard-covered log house was once the center of a prosperous 600 acre farm owned by Solomon and Caroline Wunder Heater. Although two of her sons died in Confederate service, Mrs. Heater, a native of Pennsylvania, . . . — — Map (db m155785) HM
The Virginia General Assembly established Middletown in 1794. Dr. Peter Senseney laid out the original lots for the village. Surrounded by farms and plantations, including historic Belle Grove, the community grew along the Great Wagon Road, which . . . — — Map (db m1862) HM
The westernmost brigade of U.S. Brigadier General Cuvier Grover's 2nd Division, XIX U.S. Corps, the 2nd Brigade first came under pressure when C.S. Major General Joseph B. Kershaw's Division attacked its front and left. Then C.S. Major General John . . . — — Map (db m3428) HM
This Property Has Been
placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
By the United States
Department of the Interior
Circa 1883 — — Map (db m78060) HM
Brig Gen John Pegram’s Division
Lt Col William Davis Brigade
(Formerly Brig Gen Archibald Godwin’s)
6th North Carolina
21st North Carolina
54th North Carolina
57th North Carolina
Brig Gen Robert D. Johnston’s Brigade
5th North . . . — — Map (db m231367) HM WM
In 1783, Isaac Hite, Jr. married Nelly Madison Hite of Montpelier, and acquired by grant from his father the 483 acre tract that was to become the center of Belle Grove Plantation. Until the elegant manor house was built between 1794 and 1797, the . . . — — Map (db m44581) HM
When Isaac Hite, Jr. and Nelly Conway Madison of Montpelier were married in 1783, they received from his father a 48-acre tract that became the centerpiece of Belle Grove Plantation. Old Hall, as it is known today, was already in place at the . . . — — Map (db m158576) HM
This is the oldest building still standing at Belle Grove. Established as part of Isaac Hite Jr.'s plantation, the construction date of 1788 comes from dendrochronology, the analysis of tree ring growth in the wood used for the beams of the . . . — — Map (db m158566) HM
In the Shenandoah Valley, small family farms were the norm but plantations did exist, including Belle Grove. Major Isaac Hite, Jr. and his family recorded 276 enslaved people that they owned between 1783 and 1851. Some worked raising crops of . . . — — Map (db m158575) HM
Esse Quam Videri
Northwest of this tablet, 800 yards, is the Belle Grove House in which died, October 20, 1864, of wounds received at Cedar Creek October 19, 1864, Maj.-Gen. Stephen Dodson Ramseur, C.S.A. A native of North Carolina, he . . . — — Map (db m18684) HM
Following the successful Confederate surprise attack, Union forces from the 8th and 19th corps formed battle lines across the woods and fields in front of you, in the hopes of slowing the overwhelming Southern assault moving in this direction. . . . — — Map (db m158565) HM
Fought on these hills and fields, Oct 19, 1864. Gen. Jubal A. Early's 22,000 Confederates attacked Gen. Philip H. Sheridan's 60,000 Federals. The first assault a surprise flank movement by Gen. John B. Gordon, was a Confederate success. This . . . — — Map (db m3380) HM
In 1870 the Vermont Legislature commissioned a painting for the State House by artist Julian Scott to commemorate the valor of the state's Civil War soldiers. The Battle of Cedar Creek, in which more Vermont regiments were under fire than any . . . — — Map (db m78349) HM
The defense of the high ground around Middletown Cemetery by the 2nd Division, U. S. VI Corps, stopped the Confederate momentum. Confederate forces from the divisions of Generals Stephen D. Ramseur and Gabriel Wharton regrouped in the area between . . . — — Map (db m36752) HM
The fenced area within the orchard is believed to be a burial ground for some of the men, women, and children enslaved by the Hite family at Belle Grove. As is typical at many such graveyards, simple uninscribed stones mark the graves. Additional . . . — — Map (db m217764) HM
The Shenandoah Valley
Welcome to Virginia's Shenandoah Valley, renowned in story and song. The valley has been home to American Indians and early settlers from Germany, Ireland, and Scotland who followed the Indians' Warrior Path and turned . . . — — Map (db m158561) HM
On the highest mountain top to the southeast is the grave of an unknown soldier. The mountain top was used as a signal station by both armies, 1861-1865. — — Map (db m586) HM
Federal wagons and teams were in camp, close to and along the pike, while the shelter tents of the soldiers were arranged close to the earthworks themselves. By 8 A.M. on 19 October 1864, the area was filled with withdrawing units and individuals, . . . — — Map (db m91963) HM
General Philip Sheridan's reformed battle lines stretched for almost two miles from east to west, with cavalry anchoring both ends, ready to exploit any openings. Their counterattack took them back over the fields that they had earlier fled. The . . . — — Map (db m205731) HM
The main portion of the XIX U.S. Corps earthworks began here and extended one mile westward. Colonel Daniel Macaulay's 3rd Brigade, a part of Brigadier General Cuvier Grover's 2nd Division, occupied them with the 128th New York and 38th . . . — — Map (db m3399) HM
Elements of Brigadier General James W. MacMillan's 1st Division, XIX U.S. Corps, left their part of the earthworks to fight C.S. Major General John B. Gordon's men closer to the Valley Pike. When Colonel Edward L. Molineux's and Brigadier General . . . — — Map (db m3429) HM
Vermont soldiers played an important role in the Union victory at Cedar Creek. In a desperate stand made to slow the early morning onslaught of confederate Jubal Early’s army, the Eighth Vermont Regiment lost 110 of its 164 men engaged. The First . . . — — Map (db m155786) HM
Frederick County. Area 485 Square Miles. Formed in 1738 from Orange, and named for Frederick, Prince of Wales, Father of King George III. Several battles were fought in the vicinity of Winchester, 1862–1864.
Shenandoah . . . — — Map (db m9251) HM
This lot was purchased by Andrew Pitman (1760-1838) on August 17, 1782, upon his return from service in the Revolutionary War. He enlisted in the Virginia Militia from 1777 to 1781, and was at Yorktown when Cornwallis surrendered. Upon his . . . — — Map (db m158598) HM
Just to the west was Camp Russell, constructed by Union forces in Nov. 1864. This complex, which included regimental encampments, hospitals, earthworks, and picket positions, extended about four miles along Opequon Creek and was named after Brig. . . . — — Map (db m220928) HM
Springdale, home of Colonel John Hite, son of Joist Hite, leader of the first settlers in this section, was built in 1753. Just to the South are ruins of Hite’s Fort, built about 1734. — — Map (db m2255) HM
On May 26, 1864, Union Gen. David Hunter marched south from Cedar Creek near Winchester to drive out Confederate forces, lay waste to the Shenandoah Valley, and destroy railroads at Lynchburg. His raid was part of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's . . . — — Map (db m158593) HM
This memorial is dedicated to the men and women whose service in times of war and of peace defines the character of our Great Republic.
Let us always be mindful of the sacrifices made to preserve our freedom and our liberties and to protect . . . — — Map (db m158589) WM
As the Federal army attempted to conquer and hold the Valley in 1864, its lines of supply and communication were extended and became susceptible to attack by bands of Confederate partisans. On May 24, 1864, under orders from Union Gen. David . . . — — Map (db m41658) HM
General David Hunter ordered the burning of this town on May 30, 1864; but Major Joseph Streans of the First New York Cavalry prevented it. — — Map (db m580) HM
Peter and Maria Stephens, German immigrants, settled here with their children in 1732. They had come from Pennsylvania with a group led by Jost Hite to form the Opequon settlement, a set of dispersed homesteads in this region. Archaeology reveals . . . — — Map (db m158587) HM
"The Old Graveyard" is composed of town lots number 76 & 77, each a half acre in area. On January 17, 1799 they were deeded by Lewis Stephens, Jr. to the following thirteen Trustees: David Wilson, William McLeod, William Elsea, Ebenezer, Potter, . . . — — Map (db m158591) HM
"I regard this as the Thermopylae of my campaign"
Gen. R.E. Lee
Stephen's Depot June 15, 1863
Andrews Artillery Battalion/1st Maryland Battery
Richard Snowden Andrews, Lieut. Col.
(13 names) — — Map (db m168405) WM
Near this place on June 15, 1863, Confederate troops of General Edward “Allegheny” Johnson’s Division attacked and routed General Robert Milroy’s Union Army during its retreat from Winchester. The short, pre-dawn battle resulted in the . . . — — Map (db m2329) HM
During the Civil War, both United States and Confederate forces used Jordan Springs resort as a hospital at different times. Wounded and sick Confederate soldiers from the Antietam and Gettysburg battlefields came to the springs—although . . . — — Map (db m2358) HM
In this approximate location once stood the Milburn Methodist Chapel built sometime between 1787 and 1788 by members of the Milburn Methodist Society. Referred to as the Milburn Meeting House or Milburn Chapel, it was one of the first Methodist . . . — — Map (db m204192) HM
This acre of land is one of the earliest sites of the Methodist Episcopal Church movement in the Shenandoah Valley. The land, donated to the Milburn Methodist Society by Reverend John Milburn, was home to the Milburn Meeting House and Milburn . . . — — Map (db m204193) HM
In the spring of 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia began a march that culminated at the Battle of Gettysburg. Lee chose the Shenandoah Valley for his invasion route. Ninety-six hundred Federals under Gen. . . . — — Map (db m41659) HM
On September 19, 1864, Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan’s Army of the Shenandoah routed Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early’s Valley Army at the Third Battle of Winchester (also called Opequon) in the bloodiest and largest battle in the Shenandoah Valley. . . . — — Map (db m100977) HM
Time: Late Afternoon
Standing on this spot on the afternoon of September 19, 1864, you would have witnessed — about a mile to your front — one of the most spectacular scenes of the Civil War... and one of the largest cavalry charges in the . . . — — Map (db m155040) HM
Time: Mid-Afternoon
At 3 pm, Union Gen. George Crook advanced Col. Isaac Duval's division through the fields of the Huntsberry Farm on the north bank of Red Bud Run, which you can see directly across from you. On this side of the run, . . . — — Map (db m159418) HM
These native limestone steps are in their original position and mark the main entrance to a 40' x 60' stone church built on this site in 1790. The entrance was in the center of its east wall with the pulpit area against the west wall. This church . . . — — Map (db m2634) HM
General Richard S. Ewell with 14,000 Confederates defeated General Robert H. Milroy with 6,900 Federals. Prior to his second invasion of the North, Lee sent Ewell to Winchester to clear the Valley of Federals. Dividing his forces, Ewell on June 14th . . . — — Map (db m2518) HM
In the late summer of 1864 General Philip H. Sheridan with 41,000 Federals was ordered to take the vital Shenandoah Valley. Opposing this force was a Confederate army of 18,000 under General Jubal A. Early stationed north and east of Winchester. On . . . — — Map (db m155165) HM
You're standing in the middle of what was the Huntsberry Farm. The 400-acre farm included 300 highly productive "improved” acres. Much of that productivity came from the labor of the enslaved who were owned by the Huntsberrys.
Unfortunately, . . . — — Map (db m204223) HM
Time: Late Morning
(sidebar)
Six Confederate cannon were positioned here during the battle, erupting with flame and smoke as they sent a rain of deadly shells across Red Bud Run. The noise would have been deafening. This was one of . . . — — Map (db m159159) HM
Time: Early Afternoon
You're standing where much of the 114th New York sacrificed itself to save the Union line from complete collapse.
When the initial Union attack collapsed and Gen. Cuvier Grover's division fell back in chaos and . . . — — Map (db m204203) HM
Near here, the Confederate General Stephen D. Ramseur was attacked by General William W. Averell and pushed back toward Winchester, July 20, 1864. — — Map (db m12091) HM
(front)
During the Third Battle of Winchester on September 19, 1864, it was near this spot that Brig. Gen. Battle's Alabama Brigade reached their farthest advance.
Erected by the family of CDR. Craig A. Morin USNR (Ret.) 2019 . . . — — Map (db m155706) WM
Time: Late Morning
Beyond these trees lies the Regency Lakes housing development. During the battle, that area — at the time a mixture
of woodlots, plowed fields, fences, and broken country — saw some of the deadliest fighting of the day. . . . — — Map (db m204208) HM
General James Shields with 7,000 Federals defeated Stonewall Jackson with 3,500 Confederates. Jackson's object was to create a diversion which would prevent troops being sent to McClellan for the attack on Richmond. He arrived south of Kernstown in . . . — — Map (db m33024) HM
On the hill to the west, Stonewall Jackson late in the afternoon of March 23, 1862 attacked the Union force under Shields holding Winchester. After a fierce action, Jackson, who was greatly outnumbered, withdrew southward, leaving his dead on the . . . — — Map (db m3150) HM
Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early attacked the defenses of Washington, D.C., in July 1864, then retreated to the Shenandoah Valley. Union Gen. Horatio G. Wright pursued him, and after a sharp fight and Confederate victory at Cool Spring on July 18, . . . — — Map (db m13988) HM
Time: Late Morning
The field behind you was a wooded lot known as the Second Woods. When Sheridan attacked at 11:40 am, his front line drove the opposing Confederates through those woods.
On the high ground immediately west of the . . . — — Map (db m204200) HM
In Memory of
Robert Young Conrad
Captain Co. I, 116th Inf. 29th Division
Son of
Major Holmes and Georgia Byran Conrad
who was mortally wounded while
leading a charge on a machine gun
nest at Ormont Farm in the Meuse . . . — — Map (db m136364) WM
The fort on the hilltop to the southwest, known as Star Fort, was taken by Colonel Schoonmaker of Sheridan’s Army in the Battle of September 19, 1864. — — Map (db m2275) HM
During the Civil War, armies of both sides built earthwork fortifications of varying sizes and shapes. The star fort was one of the most difficult types to construct. Although the design afforded the defenders the potential to fire into an attacking . . . — — Map (db m100976) HM
Clark County. Area 171 Square Miles. — Formed in 1836 from Frederick and added to from Warren. Named for George Rogers Clark, conqueror of the Northwest. Lord Fairfax and General Daniel Morgan, Revolutionary Hero, lived in this . . . — — Map (db m156734) HM
This road, along which many of his skirmishes took place, is named for Colonel John Singleton Mosby, commander of the 43rd Battalion of the Confederate Partisan Rangers. Their activities in this area helped keep the Confederate cause alive in . . . — — Map (db m2668) HM
Union Gen. Robert H. Milroy and his division entered Winchester on January 1, 1863. The abolitionist general, who vowed to enforce the Emancipation Proclamation aggressively, soon set to work strengthening the town's defenses. His soldiers rotated . . . — — Map (db m100975) HM
Time: Early Afternoon
You're standing at the point of the pivotal Confederate counterattack that dramatically changed the course of the battle.
By 12:30 pm, the tide of the battle had turned in favor of the Union. The Confederate . . . — — Map (db m159421) HM
The fort on the hilltop to the north is one of a chain of defenses commanding the crossings of the Opequon. It was constructed by Milroy in 1863. — — Map (db m80324) HM
211 entries matched your criteria. The first 100 are listed above. Next 100 ⊳
