These iron 4 pound cannon replicas are based on the measurements of the cannons recovered in 1852 by Samuel Maverick near the northwest corner of the Alamo. Archival research indicates that these cannons were on site but not in use during the Battle . . . — — Map (db m188609) HM
Spanish soldiers saved this 18th century cannon from a shipwreck in Matagorda Bay off the Texas coast in 1817. It was brought to San Antonio where it was later captured by Texian forces during the Siege and Battle of Béxar (1835). The following . . . — — Map (db m250782) HM
This house was built before 1855 on a Spanish land grant made to Dionicio Martínez and María de Luna. It was sold to the Travieso family in 1865, and to A.H. Shafer in 1888. Shafer listed his address in the 1889 and 1891 City Directories here on . . . — — Map (db m227393) HM
Area was first explored and named by Spaniards in 1691. Colonial settlement began here May 1-5, 1718, with founding of Franciscan Mission San Antonio de Valero (later known as "The Alamo"). In vicinity of the mission was the Presidio San Antonio . . . — — Map (db m30588) HM
The large limestone blocks in front of you are part of an interpretive structure that replicate the original Diversion Dam that once stood here. At this bend in the San Antonio River, the Spanish and American Indians of the Province of Texas built . . . — — Map (db m309626) HM
In the late 1700s, residents of the Villa de San Fernando petitioned the King of Spain for permission to furrow an acequia (irrigation ditch) to water the land for the growing population. After years of opposition from the San Antonio de Valero . . . — — Map (db m213326) HM
Begun in 1776, this acequia diverted water for irrigation from the San Antonio River headwaters area in Brackenridge Park. The acequia route went past this point, along St. Mary's Street and Euclid, crossing the 1738 Acequia Principal near Cypress . . . — — Map (db m213327) HM
One in a network of ditches begun by the Spanish and their Indian charges at the founding of San Antonio in 1718. Hand-dug and made of dressed limestone, the acequia diverted water from San Antonio River through fields belonging to San Antonio de . . . — — Map (db m195103) HM
San Antonio's original water system, started in 1718, consisted of eight acequias or canals taking water from the San Antonio River and San Pedro Crek. These acequias extended 15 miles from the headwaters of the San Antonio River to the five . . . — — Map (db m30711) HM
The San Pedro Acequia (circa 1730), seen in this exposed fragment, was the largest of the seven canals that supplied water to the early settlers of San Antonio. Dug by Indians under the supervision of the Spaniards, these acequias extended the . . . — — Map (db m179553) HM
At the Dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery November 19, 1863.
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created . . . — — Map (db m227459) HM
As the granddaughter of Lorenzo de Zavala (1789-1836), first vice-president of the Republic of Texas, young Adina de Zavala was exposed to vivid accounts of Texas' revolutionary and republican past. She became a guiding force in the preservation . . . — — Map (db m61083) HM
Teacher, historian and preservationist Adina Emilia de Zavala was born in Harris County, Texas, on November 28, 1861. She was the daughter of Augustine and Julia Tyrrell de Zavala, and the granddaughter of Lorenzo de Zavala, first Vice-President of . . . — — Map (db m163739) HM
Brooks has been home to revolutionary advancements in aviation such as "flying blind," in which pilots rely on airplane instruments to fly through conditions of low visibility. The world's first transcontinental flight took place from Brooks as a . . . — — Map (db m208191) HM
This is the Long Barrack, the oldest building in San Antonio. It was built in 1724 as a convento or residence for priests and was originally part of the Mission San Antonio de Valero, now known as the Alamo. Since then it has been used as a . . . — — Map (db m30743) HM
The Alamo
Mission San Antonio de Valero - famed as The Alamo - founded 1718 by Spanish Missionaries. Secularized 1793. Garrison for Spanish Cavalry and Flying Company of San Carlos de Parras y Alamo. Between February 23 and March 6, 1836, . . . — — Map (db m156704) HM
In Oct. 1835, 4 local Mexican troopers of the Parras de Alamo Co. were sent to Gonzales to retrieve a loaned cannon. They were seized and killed, then c 90 of the Alamo Co. were sent to retrieve the cannon and were fired on. This started the Texas . . . — — Map (db m164431) HM
Following the Battle of The Alamo on March 6, 1836, the Mexican Army left 1,001 troops (some wounded) to clean up battle damage and refortify the Alamo. On May 19, 1836 orders arrived to demolish the fortifications and leave. 19 soldiers of the . . . — — Map (db m164433) HM
Alamo City Subdivision
Samuel Maverick was a S. Carolina land speculator who had arrived in San Antonio in 1835 just at the start of the revolution. Sent as a delegate to form a new government, he barely missed being in the Battle of the . . . — — Map (db m164434) HM
After the Civil War, 1865 - 1876, the U.S. Army returned, renting
the church, convento & galera from the Catholic Church for storehouses & offices. 1876-1900 was a period of rapid growth of large commercial building completely transforming the . . . — — Map (db m164435) HM
In memory of the heroes who sacrificed
their lives at the Alamo, March 6, 1836,
in the defense of Texas.
“They chose never to surrender nor retreat.
These brave hearts, with flag still
proudly waving, perished in the flames
of . . . — — Map (db m30709) HM
On this spot bodies of heroes slain at the Alamo were burned on a funeral pyre. Fragments of the bodies were afterward buried here. This tablet is the gift of relatives of Green B. Jemision and of other friends.
Second Marker
The De . . . — — Map (db m30589) HM
Corrals for cattle and horses occupied this space during the famous 1836 Siege and Battle of the Alamo. Small fortifications provided cover for the Texans during the siege. The structures shown in the illustration are (left to right) the church, the . . . — — Map (db m30714) HM
The church of former Mission San Antonio de Valero had been converted into a powder magazine and artillery platform by the Mexican Army in the autumn of 1835 during the Siege of Béxar. Following the capture of the town in early December 1835, Texan . . . — — Map (db m30736) HM
The fortress known to history as “The Alamo” was originally built by the Spanish in the 18th Century. Named Mission San Antonio de Valero by Franciscan officials, the mission occupied this site from 1724 until it was closed in 1793. The mission . . . — — Map (db m30824) HM
One of the weakest points of the fortified former mission was an open space between the old church and the Low Barrack. During the Siege of Béxar, Mexican troops constructed a palisade, or double log-wall, to close the exposed area. The Texans . . . — — Map (db m30857) HM
Entry to former Mission San Antonio de Valero - better known
as the Alamo - was made through an arched gateway located in the middle of a single-storied structure called the Low Barrack. The Texans mounted cannon around the perimeter of the . . . — — Map (db m164438) HM
A - Ruin of the mission church San Antonio
de Valero with 3 cannons mounted on a
platform at the rear.
B - Low double stockade packed with dirt,
enclosing old mission graveyard, this
area was defended by Davy Crockett.
C - Old mission . . . — — Map (db m164439) HM
Former Mission San Antonio de Valero has seen many uses, the most famous of which was as a Texan fort during the Texas Revolution in 1835-36. The point where you are standing marks the southwest corner of "Fortress Alamo.” From this location . . . — — Map (db m164442) HM
Mission San Antonio de Valero, established nearby in 1718, was relocated here in 1724. By 1762, the mission plaza was enclosed by thick stone and adobe walls. The 11x14-foot main gateway was located at this site along the south wall. In 1803 . . . — — Map (db m30713) HM
Near this site in 1879, Englishman William Loyd discovered a blue argillaceous limestone believed to be a natural cement rock. Analysis by San Antonio druggist and chemist George H. Kalteyer confirmed the rock contained proper proportions of lime . . . — — Map (db m65282) HM
March 6, 1836 - - - - March 6, 1986
Commemorating the sesquicentennial of the Battle of
the Alamo by the Daughters of the Republic of Texas
"I shall never surrender or retreat. Then, I call on you in the name of liberty, of patriotism . . . — — Map (db m232293) WM
Alejo de la Encarnación Pérez, infant son of Maria Juana Navarro Pérez, was the youngest known survivor of the 1836 Battle of the Alamo. From 1861 to 1864 Alejo served in the Confederate Army. After the Civil War he served the city of San Antonio in . . . — — Map (db m201644) HM
Built in 1904, this was the home of merchant, banker, rancher and civic leader Alexander Hart Halff and Alma (Oppenheimer) Halff, both members of prominent local families. This imposing residence was designed by C.A. Coughlin and Atlee B. Ayres and . . . — — Map (db m235185) HM
Julius Joske, a German Jewish immigrant who arrived in Texas in 1873, opened a store eventually known as Joske Bros. His son, Alexander (1858-1925), purchased his father’s and brother’s interest in the company in 1903. Joske’s would become one of . . . — — Map (db m294927) HM
Alfred Giles is remembered as a major architect who designed many edifices throughout Texas in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Born in 1853 in Hillingdon, Middlesex County, England, Giles spent his early days as an architect's . . . — — Map (db m118800) HM
Alsbury, Young Perry (ca. 1814–1877)
Young Perry Alsbury, veteran of the battle of San Jacinto and the Mexican War, was born in Hopkinsville, Kentucky, around 1814, one of eleven children that included brother Horace Alsbury. He moved . . . — — Map (db m300917) HM
This structure has been
recorded by the
Historic American
Building Survey
by the United States Department
of the Interior for its archive
at the Library of Congress — — Map (db m235074) HM
World War II • 1942-1945 • Southwest Pacific
Cold War • 1954-1956 • Panama
Vietnam War • 1967-1971 • Southern I Corps
First Army unit to go on offensive against the enemy in WWII
Only Army division to have a name and not a number in . . . — — Map (db m309261) WM
The dancers who... were many young Americans...sought earnestly to act gracefully toward their partners, but in comparison with the natural charm and grace of their companions, the contrast was very obvious. This national difference was still more . . . — — Map (db m188818) HM
During the Late Cretaceous of West Texas, 85 million years ago, trees like this one were high canopy, tropical evergreens reaching heights of over 130 feet.
Petrified wood is a fossil that forms when plant material is buried by sediment and . . . — — Map (db m239101) HM
Anna Barbara (Heiman) (1828-1913) and Johann Engelbert (1821-1915) Heidgen (also Heitgen) came from Prussia to San Antonio in 1852. They bought property at this site, which at the time was on the eastern edge of the Irish Flats neighborhood.
. . . — — Map (db m235106) HM
After migrating to Texas from his native Germany in 1848, Anton Wulff (1822-1884) became a prosperous San Antonio merchant. He served as a City Alderman and as the first City Park Commissioner. He built this Italianate style home in 1869-1870 for . . . — — Map (db m235049) HM
At this location an exciting discovery was made. Approximately two feet below the current surface archaeologist recently uncovered a circular stone platform - but what is it?
Alamo archaeologist Kristi Nichols explains, "It appears to be . . . — — Map (db m188522) HM
This Land Near the San Antonio River, known today as Brackenridge Park, has been a gathering place since prehistoric times. Because of this rich history, numerous archaeological projects have been conducted within the park. These investigations . . . — — Map (db m214785) HM
Built 1859 by Charles Anderson as headquarters for a 1400-acre house ranch. Leaving San Antonio on Civil War's eve, Anderson sold to poet Hiram McLane who lived here 30 years. In 1890 at Alamo Heights' creation, a subdivider named the mansion for . . . — — Map (db m211553) HM
Dedicated 17 November 1991 to the Kelly Field Heritage Foundation by Lt Gen (Ret) Thomas McMullen, Maj Gen (Ret) Lewis G. Curtis and Maj Gen Richard D. Smith
The B-58 was the world's first supersonic strategic bomber and set . . . — — Map (db m207777) HM
At first called "Devil's Rope" by cowboys, barbed wire was patented in 1873 but found little favor with Texas cattlemen until the late 1870s, when its use and practicality were shown in a sensational demonstration here in San Antonio. Its . . . — — Map (db m61084) HM
Once called "bobwire" by cowboys, barbed wire was a French invention first patented in the U.S., in 1867, but it did not gain favor with cattlemen until late 1870s. Joseph Glidden of Dekalb, Illinois, received a patent for his barbed wire in 1874, . . . — — Map (db m30607) HM
The Community Grew Slowly in the years after its founding in 1718. In the earliest years of this community of New Spain, military and civilian residents intermingled, and there was no organized civilian settlement. By royal decree, municipal . . . — — Map (db m225449) HM
Brooks Air Force Base was originally named Kelly Field No. 5. In 1918, it was renamed to honor Sidney J. Brooks, a San Antonio pilot whose plane went down during his final training flight, resulting in his death. — — Map (db m208026) HM
Near this site, an early armed confrontation of the Civil War ended without bloodshed. On February 16, 1861 in San Antonio, General David E. Twiggs, commander of the U.S. Army Department of Texas, surrendered all federal military property in the . . . — — Map (db m300130) HM
Having Lost The Opening Skirmishes of the Texas Revolution at Gonzales and Goliad, the Mexican Army in Texas consolidated in San Antonio in October 1835. Texan troops also advanced to San Antonio and camped on the outskirts of town. On the . . . — — Map (db m216327) HM
By 1835, tensions between those in Mexico who supported republican ideals and the centralist Mexican government had escalated into all-out war. Seeking their independence, Texan revolutionaries won the town of San Antonio de Béxar from . . . — — Map (db m188616) HM
Was fought here on August 18, 1813 by an army of Spanish Royalist commanded by General José Joaquín Arredondo which defeated with terrific slaughter the Republican Army of the North composed of Anglo-American, Mexicans and Indians commanded by José . . . — — Map (db m208252) HM
Decisive in Texas history, was fought here, September 18, 1842. Col. Mathew Caldwell and Capt. John C. Hays, commanding a force of Texas volunteers, opposed the Mexican Army under General Adrian Woll that had captured San Antonio, and with the loss . . . — — Map (db m128119) HM
This two-story structure was the second building at this site to house the activities of the Beacon Light Hall Association, a fraternal organization chartered in 1909 by the Prince Hall Free Masons.
Free Masonry was organized in England as a . . . — — Map (db m245204) HM
The year 1639 marked the first recorded observation of Venus crossing the Sun. Sir Edmund Halley (1656-1742) later predicted that using data from such crossings, known as transits, scientists could precisely quantify the astronomical unit of . . . — — Map (db m179653) HM
This street, located in the Monte Vista Historic District of San Antonio, is the oldest existing concrete pavement in Texas and a significant civil engineering achievement. At the turn of the 20th century, the U.S. was urbanizing and new more . . . — — Map (db m213323) HM
El Presidente Benito Juárez encabezó la Reforma que consolidó el México moderno, defendió la soberanía nacional contra la intervención extranjera e impulsó el desarrollo económico del país.
As one of the creators of modern Mexico, President . . . — — Map (db m82940) HM
Right Panel Preeminent Hero of Texas A man of rare initiative and courage • Of a modest and winning personality A devoted friend • Born in Frankfort Kentucky in 1788 Soldier in the War of 1812
Back Panel Trader with the . . . — — Map (db m257279) WM
The San Antonio River Provided Early Settlers with water for their homes and fields and power for small mills that ground corn and other grains. The first known mill was built at Mission San José in the 1790s, and by the late 1800s, many . . . — — Map (db m213417) HM
The San Antonio River Provided Power for mills that lined its banks from the headwater springs north of town to Mission Espada, a short distance south of here. Several mills built near this site, beginning in the middle 1800s, became the center . . . — — Map (db m213431) HM
Dedicated to the Men and Women Who Served in the Military
Alanis, Albert - Marines • Alanis, Felipe - Army Air Corp • Alanis, Mario - Air Force • Alanis, Pablo - Army • Alanis, Pedro - Navy • Alanis, Perfecto - Marines • Alanis, Robert - Air . . . — — Map (db m217653) WM
This house, one of the few
remaining indigenous limestone
houses in the area of San Antonio
formerly known as Irish Flats,
was built by Heinrich Beversdorff,
a Prussian immigrant. It was probably
finished sometime in 1854 and served
as a . . . — — Map (db m235114) HM
This courthouse occupies the south side of Main Plaza, formerly called "La Plaza de las Islas", as originally laid out by the Canary Islanders in 1731. As it was then, this plaza is the administrative and judicial heart of Bexar County.
This . . . — — Map (db m287297) HM
The administrative government of Bexar County, besides being the oldest in Texas, is distinguished by having served under nine governments. The community served under Spanish rule from May, 1718, until January, 1811, when it was taken over by . . . — — Map (db m53972) HM
"We must rapidly begin the shift from a thing-oriented society to a person-oriented society. When machines and computers, profit motives and property rights, are considered more important than people, the giant triplets of racism, extreme . . . — — Map (db m300861) HM
A German immigrant, August Biesenbach (1848-1915) and his wife, Louisa (1852-1916), began construction of this house in 1880. The walls of the house are stucco over brick with a hipped roof and Gothic Revival details. From 1910 to 1955, the house . . . — — Map (db m118875) HM
The chronicle of encounters over decades and centuries tells the story of a city's beginnings and emergence.
Beginning In The 1680s, 160 years after the conquest of Mexico, several Spanish expeditions entered the still uncharted . . . — — Map (db m213498) HM
1836 found the Texians struggling to organize a provisional government as a confident Santa Anna marched into San Antonio de Béxar and demanded that the Alamo garrison surrender. On March 6, Mexican troops attacked the Alamo, stormed its walls, and . . . — — Map (db m188690) HM
This plaque was dedicated January 15, 1948, by Alamo Lodge No. 44 A.F.&A.M. commemorating the one hundredth anniversary of the chartering of the lodge and honoring those pioneer masons of that era, who founded the lodge upon this site. — — Map (db m30781) HM
From The Bivouac of the Dead By Theodore O'Hara
The muffled drum's sad roll has beat
The soldier's last tattoo,
No more on life's parade shall meet
That brave and fallen few.
On Fame's eternal camping-ground
Their silent . . . — — Map (db m177357) WM
Construction of Bolivar Hall was begun in 1940 and completed in 1941. The combination library, museum, and community center was dedicated to the promotion of inter-American peace, and was named in honor of South American patriot, Simon Bolivar. . . . — — Map (db m82915) HM
Otto Bombach, a carpenter, built this combination house and store in 1856 before moving to Mexico. His wife lived here and managed the property until it was sold in 1869. Victor Bracht, author of Texas in 1848, lived here briefly, and in . . . — — Map (db m82888) HM
Margarita Pérez de Rodríguez, consort of Compañía de Béxar soldier Jose Antonio Rodríguez, was given this land "in satisfaction of her constitutional allowance." She sold the property in 1851 to San Antonio postmaster John Bowen, who conveyed it to . . . — — Map (db m82896) HM
This tract of land is a natural peninsula in the San Antonio River. It once was bounded by the river on three sides and on the fourth by the Concepcion Acequia. In 1845 John Bowen, a native of Philadelphia, bought the property from Maria Josefa . . . — — Map (db m30864) HM
The narrow strip of land known to residents in the middle 1800s as Galveston Island was actually a peninsula surrounded on three sides by a bend in the San Antonio River. It was called an island because the fourth side was almost completely closed . . . — — Map (db m128527) HM
Native Americans Camped for thousands of years along the meandering river formed by springs near this site. They found shelter in the wooded landscape and were nourished by abundant vegetation and wildlife. Spanish colonists who arrived in the . . . — — Map (db m214754) HM
The City Immediately Began to improve George Brackenridge's 199-acre gift. Ludwig Mahncke, chairman of the city's Parks and Plazas Committee, designed winding roads and paths through the dense woods. Recreational attractions were added as the . . . — — Map (db m214762) HM
In 1897, the Sisters purchased the 283 acre Fernridge estate from Colonel George W. Brackenridge as the site for a new Motherhouse for the growing Congregation.
The house was renamed the Brackenridge Villa by the Sisters. After 3 years as the . . . — — Map (db m214713) HM
Until the mid-1980's, the Sisters' land west of the San Antonio River was a natural, wooded area, with many headwaters springs. Sisters recall walking through a "wilderness" and seeing springs bubbling up from the ground.
A small dam downstream . . . — — Map (db m214709) HM
To assure a constant flow of water to Mission Espada's fields, Franciscans and Indians dug ditches curving along the contours of the river valley. Only here, where Sixmile Creek slashes the hillside, did the natural lay of the land impose a blockade . . . — — Map (db m213544) HM
Built early in 1918 for JN-4 (Jenny) planes used in World War I pilot training.
In later classes here were many great pilots, including Chas. A. Lindbergh, first man to solo across the Atlantic. "Old 9" was initiation site of Blind Flying . . . — — Map (db m208009) HM
On 5 February 1940 flying cadets of class 40-A became the first to receive flight training here since 1931, when Randolph Field opened. Class 40-A was the first ever to receive advanced flight training here, thereby initiating this mission for . . . — — Map (db m208011) HM
Brooks Air Force Base was built in 1918 and established as a U.S. Army Air Corps installation to provide advanced flight training for cadets. San Antonio was chosen for its location in part because of its clear and consistent climate. — — Map (db m208193) HM
Swiss immigrants Abram Louis (1824-1921) and Anna Barbara (Kaderli) (1825-1905) Bueche, and family, settled in this area, known as Fratt, in 1854. Their infant granddaughter, Frieda A. Bueche, died in 1892 and is said to be the first buried at this . . . — — Map (db m247399) HM
Mission Espada has always had a spiritual heart, but it has not always beat in exactly the same location. Catastrophic epidemics struck Espada from time to time, and church construction efforts mirrored the population's rise and fall-as well as the . . . — — Map (db m215166) HM
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