On this site, in a Methodist Church, used as a temporary hospital, on June 3, 1861 J. E. Hanger of Mount Hope, Virginia, underwent a leg amputation by Dr. James D. Robison of the sixteenth Ohio Volunteers. This was the first amputation of the . . . — — Map (db m211849) HM
Confederate J. E. Hanger's leg was mangled by a cannonball during the Battle of Philippi on June 3, 1861. Hanger survived a surgery that made him the first amputee of the war. After serving time in a Union prison, he returned to his home in . . . — — Map (db m211591) HM
Iron ore was discovered here, 1835, by John Johnson. The Old Iron Furnace, built, 1848, was operated for six years by C.W. Bryant and Isaac Marsh. In 1850, a steam engine replaced the water power used to run fan air blast. Charcoal was fuel used. . . . — — Map (db m33929) HM
During the French and Indian War (c. 1750) Virginia Militia Col. George Washington supervised the construction of Fort Hedges, a stockade fort built along the Warm Spring Road at the heavily-traveled Skinner's gap atop North Mountain (740 feet . . . — — Map (db m117316) HM
The roundhouse is the sole surviving cast-iron framed roundhouse and is an important example of mid-19th century industrial building design. Designed by Albert Fink, in collaboration with Benjamin H. Latrobe, it represents an early use of . . . — — Map (db m1199) HM
Born in Martinsburg, July 6. 1806. Member of Virginia legislature and served in Congress, 1851-1859. In 1860 he was appointed Minister to France but was arrested in 1861 on charges of negotiating sales of arms for the Confederacy. Enlisted in . . . — — Map (db m203911) HM
Local lawyer and newspaper editor, F. Vernon [unreadable], established the Continental Clay ?Brick works on a portion of his family farm in [unreadable]. Ten beehive kilns were initially constructed to fire the bricks after they were molded. . . . — — Map (db m132440) HM
This home was provided with electric service in 1890 by the Edison Electric Illuminating Company, a predecessor of the Potomac Edison Company
Commemorated 3 December 1969 — — Map (db m132406) HM
One of Martinsburg's Gothic Revival masterpieces and once its central marketplace. The structure has been used commercially with the Masons and Odd Fellows halls overhead. — — Map (db m132400) HM
The woolen mills were located in the buildings on the south side of the street and the cassimere mills on the north. Outstanding examples of industrial architecture. — — Map (db m134032) HM
Built in the mid-1870s by Philip Showers, who owned the adjacent stone house (the Adam Stephen House) at that time, the Triple Brick Building was listed in early tax records as the "Tribble (Triple) House" or "the brick house divided into . . . — — Map (db m132401) HM
In August 1921, an estimated 15,000 coal miners and their allies participated in the largest armed labor uprising in US history.
But this was just the finale of a drama begun a decade earlier. In 1912, on Paint Creek and Cabin Creek, . . . — — Map (db m206809) HM
County seat, incorporated in 1906 and
named for William Madison Peyton, a leader
in movement for the formation of Boone
County, 1847. Peyton, pioneer in the development of the Coal River Valley, locked and
dammed Coal River in the 1840s and . . . — — Map (db m138449) HM
Founded in 1917 by T. E. B. Siler and
M. Slush; named for newspaper editor
Frank Nellis. Purchased by ARMCO
in 1920. Noted as model coal mining
town. Homes were built by Minter of
Huntington. ARMCO Assoc. Building, in
center of town, housed . . . — — Map (db m137428) HM
William C. Barker Julias Domokos Lester Gunnoe William H. Gunnoe ODell Linville Onal O. Miller John Setliff Steve Turkovitch Lawrence J. Vincent John Williams William O. Workman
— —
On Saturday, November 6, . . . — — Map (db m137442) HM
Named for William Madison Peyton,
father of navigation on Coal River,
who promoted and actively engaged in
coal mining. As chief engineer for the
Coal River Navigation Company, he
locked and dammed Coal River in the
1840s and made it . . . — — Map (db m137511) HM
The Coal River is a tributary of the Kanawha River in southern West Virginia. It is formed near the community of Alum Creek by the confluence of the Big and Little Coal Rivers. The Coal River flows generally northward through western Kanawha County, . . . — — Map (db m137542) HM
Following the footprint.
Every mine explosion leaves behind a footprint that offers clues to investigators
as to where the blast originated and how the force traveled from the ignition
point. The footprint left behind in the Upper Big Branch . . . — — Map (db m137546) HM
Monday, April 5
3:01 p.m. Explosion erupts
through the mine, blasting
debris out of the portals and
lasting for several minutes.
The carbon monoxide
monitoring system alarms
and mine fan records show
a major disruption to . . . — — Map (db m137549) HM
This memorial is dedicated to twenty-nine miners who lost their lives in an explosion at the Upper Big Branch Coal Mine on April 5th, 2010 and to all miners who have suffered injury, illness or death as a result of working in the coal industry. This . . . — — Map (db m137751) HM
1907 Fairmont Coal Company
Monongah No. 6 and No. 8 Mines
Monongah, West Virginia
At 10:20 a.m., December 6, 1907, explosions occurred at the No. 6 and No. 8 mines at Monongah, West Virginia. The explosions ripped through the mines, . . . — — Map (db m137748) HM
Village of Power. Built to house employees of the
Windsor Power Plant, the village
of Power consisted of 100 homes
along tree-lined streets, a post
office, and a company-owned store.
There also was a fulltime doctor.
Residents gathered . . . — — Map (db m164737) HM
First highway tunnels constructed west of Alleghenies. They were built in 1831 by Richard Waugh at personal expense to ease transportation to his flour mills. The tunnels, a mile apart, were removed by the State in 1957. — — Map (db m21614) HM
Constructed by John Fowler, 1848-51 with bricks fired on the property. First known as Fowler's Inn, the house provided food and lodging for drovers herding livestock over the Wellsburg-Washington Turnpike to eastern markets. Other services provided . . . — — Map (db m42167) HM
The first glass house in Western Virginia was built at Charlestown, now Wellsburg, in 1813, by Isaac Taylor Duvall and Company. It was located on the southeast corner of Fifth and Yankee Streets. Cobalt blue, green and clear flint glass wares were . . . — — Map (db m39642) HM
Built by John Henderson prior to 1798 in Federal style, the building was leased by William Miller and operated as a tavern for 50 years. Since 1974 building has housed the Brooke County Museum. — — Map (db m21628) HM
Four flour mills were constructed near Wellsburg in the early 1800s. The first of these mills was built by John Moore in 1800. Moore's son-in-law, Richard Waugh, built the old stone mill in 1824, and the upper mill in 1835. A. M. Buchanan built the . . . — — Map (db m79898) HM
In the 1790's, flatboats left here with their cargoes for southern markets. To accommodate and store products, warehouses and wharfs were built along our river banks. This wharf, which was established in the 1800's, extended twenty feet out in the . . . — — Map (db m21637) HM
B&O Railroad Depot. Passenger station completed 1887, freighthouses 1890 with additions 1898, 1911 & 1916. B&O, oldest U.S. line, acquired in 1901. Superior location in business district gave B&O edge over C&O in city.
Heritage Village. . . . — — Map (db m213392) HM
The bell was cast by Meneely Bell Company, Troy, New York and shipped to Cabell County, WV, on May 18, 1901, weighing 1,506 pounds without fittings. Due to deterioration of the cupola which housed the bell, it was removed from the top of the . . . — — Map (db m208507) HM
One of the original 7 US Bureau of
Mines train cars was headquartered
near C&O tracks, 19111933. The
wooden car, with crew & supplies,
traveled the WV region to give
mine safety & rescue training and
to aid in mine disaster rescue
efforts. . . . — — Map (db m126017) HM
This is one of four spires that crowned the old Sixth Street Bridge that spanned the Ohio River, connecting Huntington and Chesapeake, Ohio. Business leaders, convinced that a bridge was essential, formed the Huntington-Ohio Bridge Company, and . . . — — Map (db m208551) HM
In 1883, A. H. "Dick" Stump (who would later become Grantsville's first Mayor)
and his wife, Druscilla Ball Stump, built a house, a block from the Courthouse,
on Main Street.
The Stumps tuned their home into a hotel by 1885, and in . . . — — Map (db m190017) HM
Blacksmith, innkeeper, an operator of the "Underground Railroad". A
Captain of the Doddridge County Militia,
a member of the first West Virginia
State Legislature in 1863, serving
3 terms. The Founder and Grand Royal
Gyascutis of the Most . . . — — Map (db m31822) HM
Mouth of the great Hawk's Nest Tunnel, three miles long, which diverts water of New River from its five-mile long gorge. The tunnel, a mile of which is through solid rock, and a 50-foot dam give waterfall of 160 feet for electric power. — — Map (db m34421) HM
Like many other areas of West Virginia, coal mining has played an important role in the history of Ansted and the surrounding area. Soon after the 1873 completion of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, coal mines began springing up in the New River . . . — — Map (db m173339) HM
Construction of nearby tunnel, diverting waters of New R. through Gauley Mt. for hydroelectric power, resulted in states worst industrial disaster. Silica rock dust caused 109 admitted deaths in mostly black, migrant underground work force of . . . — — Map (db m34417) HM
The sheer cliffs of Nuttall sandstones forming the walls of the New River Gorge are the "Salt Sands" of the driller. These sands produce oil and natural gas in West Virginia and commercial brines on the Kanawha and Ohio Rivers.
Sponsored . . . — — Map (db m34420) HM
William Nelson Page became one of the leading managers and developers of West Virginia's coalfields in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with much of his time being spent here in Ansted. While president of the Gauley Mountain Coal Company, . . . — — Map (db m173338) HM
The same geological process that produced the region's coal seams
also resulted in a layer of sandstone perfect for rock climbing
This layer, called Nuttall Sandstone, has its origins in the ancient
formation of the Appalachian Mountains. As . . . — — Map (db m165212) HM
Mining towns sprang up along the
banks of the New River when, in 1873,
the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway created
a pathway for transportation through the
region. Thurmond, Kaymoor, Nuttallburg,
Fayette, and other communities formed due
to the . . . — — Map (db m165210) HM
The gorge, like all
environments, is continually
changing. Change peaked in
the late 1800s when logging,
mining, and the railroad
converged to play a vital role
in the industrialization of the
United States. By the 1960s,
industrial . . . — — Map (db m165213) HM
The primary goal of most coal mining companies in New River Gorge was to maximize profits and decrease costs. It was common for coal companies to put physical and social needs of their workers and families last. Safety, health, social service and . . . — — Map (db m179418) HM
John Townsend bought a large tract of land here in 1841, an area that became Lansing, Ames Heights and Canyon Rim Park. Operated a ferry that provided commercial transport across the river at site of present bridge until the civil war. Grandson . . . — — Map (db m78288) HM
Imagine shoveling coal all day while balanced on your knees! In the coal mines of the gorge, the height of the mines corresponded to the height of the coal seam, in some cases just three feet tall. To loosen the coal, explosives were set of at the . . . — — Map (db m179416) HM
From 1909 to 1939, the Bank of Glen Jean provided financial power for the mines, towns, and people along Dunloup
Creek, shaping the lives of many in the New River coal fields. William McKell served as president for the bank's entire
existence . . . — — Map (db m165214) HM
The town of Glen Jean-and a small empire-began as a wedding gift. In 1870, Thomas McKell of Ohio received about 12,500 acres of
West Virginia land from his father-in-law. After geologists confirmed the presence of coal, McKell purchased another . . . — — Map (db m165216) HM
This tight workspace (bench) was carved out of the mountainside to support the movement of mined coal. From 1899 to 1962, thousands of miners and over 16 millions tons of coal passed through these drift mine openings along this edge. With space at a . . . — — Map (db m242497) HM
Kaymoor One Mining Complex (1899 - 1962) stretched the height of the gorge, one of over 80 industrial towns in the gorge during the early 1900s. Big mines like Kaymoor fueled the nation's demand for coal and its byproduct coke, a more efficient . . . — — Map (db m242502) HM
Kaymoor's headhouse stood directly in front of you. This structure was used to start the movement of coal from the mine to the market. A loaded coal car was weighed in the headhouse at the top. Its contents were then dumped into a storage bin in . . . — — Map (db m242501) HM
Remnants of Kaymoor's transportation system, the mountain haulage, are visible beneath this boardwalk. Nearly one mile of cable was used to raise and lower the car that was loaded with supplies or people. By early accounts, the scariest part of . . . — — Map (db m242503) HM
Welcome to Kaymoor Bottom! The structures around you are all that remain of Kaymoor One's coal processing plant (metal remains) and power station (stone/brick walls). The coke ovens and former town are upstream to the right of the boardwalk, running . . . — — Map (db m242504) HM
Kaymoor was one of the largest coal mine complexes in the New River Gorge.
You are at Kaymoor One. Here workers mined over 16 million tons of coal and
processed one million tons of coke between 1899 and 1962.
Kaymoor was a company town, built . . . — — Map (db m165222) HM
Kaymoor was one of the largest coal mine complexes in the New River Gorge. You are two miles from Kaymoor One. Here workers mined over 16 million tons of coal and processed one million tons of coke between 1899 and 1962.
Kaymoor was a company . . . — — Map (db m242426) HM
Getting around at Kaymoor was a challenge. Workers and their families either lived at Kaymoor Top, where you are standing now, or 900 feet
below at Kaymoor Bottom. Company employees either worked in the middle of the gorge (bench) where the coal . . . — — Map (db m165221) HM
These stone and brick walls are remains of the fan house used to ventilate Kaymoor One Mine from 1919 to 1928. The confined spaces inside mines required extra ventilation to avoid the buildup of explosive gases and dust. Large fans moved air through . . . — — Map (db m242498) HM
On opposite sides of the New River, the twin mining towns of Fayette and South Fayette were established along the tracks of the Chesapeake & Ohio Railway. The company town of Fayette provided miners with housing, a company store, a school, post . . . — — Map (db m179372) HM
In the early 1900s, over 80 coal mines and towns lined this gorge and were connected by the Chesapeake & Ohio (C&O) Railway. Freight trains ran every 15 minutes and a dozen passenger trains ran daily during those busy times. The area's industrial . . . — — Map (db m243360) HM
You may find it hard to believe that the New River Gorge was once teeming with activity. Coal mining dominated the economy and social structure of the state of West Virginia between 1875 and 1950. During this time over forty coal mining towns were . . . — — Map (db m165274) HM
In the early 1900s, mines and mining towns lined New River Gorge. One such town, Kaymoor, stood in the distance where the river disappears from view. Kaymoor typified New Rivers mining era.
For years New River Gorges rugged remoteness defied . . . — — Map (db m99988) HM
Notice the tree-covered slopes of the Gorge—they are not as they appear.
From here the solid forest cover from riverbottom to ridgetop all looks pretty much the same, but, a close look reveals great differences. The forest varies with slope, . . . — — Map (db m99980) HM
Site of largest mine disaster in Fayette County history. On 2 March 1915, coal dust in Layland #3 ignited, killing 112 men; 42 of 53 survivors were rescued 6 March, one mile inside 10th left section behind barricade they built. — — Map (db m140484) HM
With railroads came thousands of workers looking to make a new life in the coalfields. In the late 1800s and well into the mid-1900s, many Appalachian miners lived in company towns called “Coal Camps”.
Mine operators built . . . — — Map (db m34443) HM
1913-Union organizer Mary "Mother" Jones imprisoned in Pratt.
1913-Approximate location of the striking miners tent colony that was fired on by mine guards wielding a machine gun mounted on the "Bull Moose" special train
1919-7 miners are . . . — — Map (db m34438) HM
Soon after settlers arrived in Paint Creek, the landscape and population changed forever with the discovery of coal. Within just a few years, mines began operating at Paint Creek under the ownership of New York businessman William Henry Greene. . . . — — Map (db m34436) HM
Unlike nearby Kilsyth, most of the housing within Mount Hope was constructed without formal company planning. One Exception, however, was a cluster of 14 identical houses developed by the Mount Hope Coal Company on the outskirts of the community . . . — — Map (db m179365) HM
Secondary to only the mines themselves, the railroads were the most significant driver of development in the Dunloup Creek watershed at the outset of the 20th century. A fiercely competitive business, access to the railroad determined the success . . . — — Map (db m242619) HM
The New River Company was a leader in the safety-first movement which swept through the state's mining communities during the 1920s and 1930s. The company established first aid teams at each of its operations, and each year they competed in a . . . — — Map (db m242625) HM
With the birth of the Coal Industry, Mount Hope would play a very important role.
During Mount Hope's early history, settlers began removing coal from a seam on the side of a mountain. Commercial mining of coal had been in effect since the . . . — — Map (db m161343) HM
Native Americans used the area of Sugar. Dunloup, and Mill Creeks for hunting until Virginia's Governor purchased land south of the Kanawha River in 1770. Raids continued until General Anthony Waynes won a decisive victory in Ohio in 1794 securing . . . — — Map (db m161340) HM
The New River field is one of the smokeless coal producing regions of southern West Virginia. It takes its name from the New River that generally bisects the field from north to south. Coal that produced little smoke when burned was very desirable . . . — — Map (db m242623) HM
Located within the New River coalfield, Mt. Hope was an important service center for the oldest of southern West Virginia's three "smokeless" coalfields. Unlike the Pocahontas field, where town- building followed railroad and coal development, . . . — — Map (db m242624) HM
On the morning of July 23. 1966, an explosion tore through an area of the Mount Hope Siltix Mine that was being operated by the New River Company. The blast, caused by the ignition of built-up methane gas, killed seven men and wounded two others who . . . — — Map (db m228744) HM
The arrival of the coal industry in the 1890s dramatically transformed the landscape of the New River coalfield. Guided by managers of the newly-founded companies, company towns emerged almost overnight along the coal seam, introducing . . . — — Map (db m242618) HM
The turn of the 20th century brought the birth of two of the most important coal companies in the New River field: the McKell Coal & Coke Company and the New River Company. Thomas McKell's company was organized in 1893 to lease coal lands to . . . — — Map (db m242626) HM
As Mt. Hope emerged, there occurred one of the most important events in the state's history: the Chesapeake & Ohio Railroad, routed through the New River Gorge, was completed in 1873. The C&O was the first railroad to enter southern West Virginia . . . — — Map (db m242622) HM
Located on the edge of Mount Hope, a mining operation was first established at Kilsyth in 1893 by the McKell Coal and Coke Company. Operating until the 1940s under the New River Coal Company, the mine's production peaked in 1911. The mine was . . . — — Map (db m228747) HM
Nallen. Wilderness Lumber Co. camp, named for John I. Nallen, manager, circa 1916. John Bayes family settled in 1825, later by James Miller, who had ferry across Meadow R. Served by Sewell Valley, later NF&G connection to C&O RR. . . . — — Map (db m238234) HM
You are at the site of the coal-mining town of Nuttallburg. Mine owner John Nuttall arrived here in 1870 and quickly opened two mines. He built Nuttallburg to serve the mines and his workers.
Nuttallburg evolved with the mining industry, Mine . . . — — Map (db m242436) HM
The small building that once stood on this foundation was probably a mine workers' house. Many workers and their families would have called this home over the 85-year life of Nuttallburg. Try to picture yourself living and raising a family here a . . . — — Map (db m242437) HM
Nuttallburg was built around this picturesque stream, called Short Creek. The creek played a major role in the life of residents. It provided water for residents, water for Nuttalburg industry, and it divided the community socially. . . . — — Map (db m242431) HM
You are standing in the heart of Nuttallburg's African-American community. The school for black children once stood on the foundation in front of you. The church for blacks stood on the foundation behind you. When coal companies designed their . . . — — Map (db m242430) HM
This trail, the former Keeney Creek Branch Railroad, leads to the site of Nuttallburg, a coal mining town that existed from 1870 until 1958. Today you can visit the site and learn about life in a New River Gorge mining town. Several structures and . . . — — Map (db m242427) HM
This large foundation supported what was probably the most imposing residential building in Nuttallburg. It illustrates the quality of homes in which more-prominent families lived, and also demonstrates the evolution of Nuttallburg over time. . . . — — Map (db m242434) HM
The scene around you recently changed-again. The landscape here has undergone several transitions in the past 150 years. Native Americans and settlers in the early 1800s saw solid forest, but in the late 1800s mining companies cut much of the . . . — — Map (db m242435) HM
This long, low, masonry structure is a bank of coke ovens. It is the only structure that survives from Nuttallburg's earliest days. Workers used these ovens to convert coal into a hot-burning fuel called coke.
One of the first things John Nuttall . . . — — Map (db m242463) HM
You are at the site of the coal-mining town of Nuttallburg. Mine owner John Nuttall arrived here in 1870 and quickly opened two mines. He built Nuttallburg to serve the mines and his workers.
Nuttallburg evolved with the mining industry, Mine . . . — — Map (db m242428) HM
The large structures that dominate this site (the tipple behind you and the conveyor that climbs the slope in front of you) were built during a unique period in Nuttallburg's 85-year history. In the 1920s Henry Ford, of Ford Motor Company fame, was . . . — — Map (db m242459) HM
It was the belief of [my grandfather] that the safest and most profitable investment that a man could make was the purchase of wild lands which had natural resources on or under them. Such lands should increase in value... [and] no trusted . . . — — Map (db m242462) HM
The large structure that climbs the slope in front of you was a conveyor that carried coal from the mine entrance high up the gorge wall to the tipple behind you. It was an innovative-and expensive-device for moving coal downhill. At 1,385 feet . . . — — Map (db m242458) HM
The railroad track in front of you is the C&O Railway's main line. Without the railroad, there would have been no Nuttallburg. By carrying coal to market, the railroad made coal mining in New River Gorge possible. John Nuttall came here in 1870 to. . . . — — Map (db m242438) HM
This foundation marks the site of Nuttallburg's company store. Archeologists believe that it dates to the town's earliest days. Though few details are known about it, this store was probably similar to company stores throughout the coal fields. . . . — — Map (db m242466) HM
The large, metal structure in front of you was Nuttallburg's tipple, where coal was sorted, stored, loaded into rail cars, or transferred to the site's coke ovens. The name tipple comes from the practice in some mines of tipping ore cars to unload . . . — — Map (db m242457) HM
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