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Historical Markers and War Memorials in Jefferson County, West Virginia
Charles Town is the county seat for Jefferson County
Adjacent to Jefferson County, West Virginia
Berkeley County(106) ► Washington County, Maryland(869) ► Clarke County, Virginia(75) ► Frederick County, Virginia(211) ► Loudoun County, Virginia(340) ►
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After an exhausting night of dragging 20 cannon along the river and up the ravines to this site on Chambers (Murphy) Farm, General A.P. Hill and his 3,500 men sprang their trap on the unsuspecting Union army. Before dawn on the last day of the . . . — — Map (db m5894) HM
On the dark, moonless night of September 14, 1862, 100 men from the 126th New York Regiment established a skirmish line here. These men were new to the war, having only been in uniform for a few short weeks. After surviving a terrifying afternoon . . . — — Map (db m5397) HM
In it really began the Civil War. Here was lighted the torch of liberty for all America… For you this is the most hallowed shrine in this country. Henry McDonald, Storer College president
The foundations in front . . . — — Map (db m8318) HM
In 1862 Union Colonel Dixon Miles thought that the ridge in front of you, Bolivar Heights, was the perfect place to defend Harpers Ferry. However, in September of '62, Colonel Miles and 14,000 Union soldiers found themselves surrounded by 24,000 . . . — — Map (db m155728) HM
"Do all you can to annoy the rebels should they advance on you...You will not abandon Harpers Ferry without defending it to the last extremity." Maj. Gen. John G. Wool, USA Telegraph message to Col. Dixon S. Miles, USA September 7, 1862 The . . . — — Map (db m19005) HM
"Do all you can to annoy the rebels should they advance on you...You will not abandon Harpers Ferry without defending it to the last extremity." Maj. Gen. John G. Wool, USA Telegraph message to Col. Dixon S. Miles, USA September 7, 1862 The . . . — — Map (db m148869) HM
The Allstadt House and Ordinary was the home of John H. Allstadt. On the evening of October 16, 1859, John Brown and his "army" of would-be slave liberators launched their attack on Harpers Ferry from Kennedy Farm just across the Potomac River in . . . — — Map (db m145216) HM
On April 18, 1861 Confederate volunteers occupied these heights. The threat prompted Lt. Roger Jones, in command at Harpers Ferry, to set fire to the armory and arsenal buildings destroying thousands of muskets needed by the Confederacy. — — Map (db m5866) HM
Never had "Stonewall" Jackson faced a stronger enemy position. Arriving here on Schoolhouse Ridge on the first day of the battle, Jackson scanned Bolivar Heights (the lower ridge in front of you) and saw a dangerous enemy - 7,000 Union infantry and . . . — — Map (db m168601) HM
Battle of Harpers Ferry
Invasion rocked the United States during the second year of the American Civil War. In September 1862 Confederate General Robert E. Lee launched his army into Maryland - the North. Lee's first target became Harpers . . . — — Map (db m229766) HM
Battle of Harpers Ferry
Invasion rocked the United States during the second year of the American Civil War. In September 1862 Confederate General Robert E. Lee launched his army into Maryland - the North. Lee's first target became Harpers . . . — — Map (db m148862) HM
Union and Confederate soldiers transformed these fields into campgrounds full of dingy tents, smoky campfires and boiling kettles during the Civil War. Shouting officers drilled their troops until Bolivar's grass was trampled into precision . . . — — Map (db m148864) HM
"…We enter the barren waste of Bolivar Heights…a windswept deserted moorland…except its populous graveyard." James E. Taylor, war correspondent Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper August 10, 1864
Resting with his troops in Frederick, Maryland, 20 miles northeast of here, Confederate General Robert E. Lee had hoped the Union garrison at Harpers Ferry would abandon its post when he invaded the North. They did not. Lee decided to attack. He . . . — — Map (db m148866) HM
"The Rebels were all around us and our only refuge was the open canopy of heaven." Sgt. Charles E. Smith 32nd Ohio Infantry September 14, 1862 Thousands of Federal soldiers huddled in ravines on Bolivar Heights to escape the Confederate . . . — — Map (db m19006) HM
Confederate General Robert E. Lee's first invasion of the North hinged on eliminating the Harpers Ferry garrison. To do so Lee devised Special Orders 191. He divided his force of 40,000 into four parts. Three columns marched from near Frederick, . . . — — Map (db m7839) HM
Text of the marker is arranged to illustrate the movements of the Confederate Army during the Antietam Campaign of 1862: September 10, 1862 from Frederick, Maryland Confederate commander Lee sends part of his army to capture Harpers . . . — — Map (db m155741) HM
Enjoy over 3,000 acres of rivers, trails, and battlefields in historic Harpers Ferry
Near the Visitor Center: Battlefields and Trails
Experience Harpers Ferry's tumultuous past. Pick up park trail maps and guides at the visitor . . . — — Map (db m143936) HM
Union Commander Dixon Miles knew the Confederates were coming. His cavalry reported the Southern troops advancing from three different directions. Ordered to "hold Harpers Ferry until the last extremity," Miles divided his forces to retain . . . — — Map (db m155702) HM
"Stonewall" Jackson understood the principle of military deception. On the second evening of the battle, he used deception here. To lure the Union attention away from the south end of Bolivar Heights, Jackson faked an attack against the north end of . . . — — Map (db m7866) HM
On Sept. 13, 1862 Stonewall Jackson’s forces approaching from the west were shelled by 2 Union artillery guns under Col. Miles from this position. On Sept. 14, Gen. A.P. Hill outflanked these Union troops while Jackson swept past this location. Col. . . . — — Map (db m155751) HM
The 115th New York Regiment, young and inexperienced, formed a skirmish line here. When gunfire erupted on their left during the night, the men of the 115th must have felt the rush of adrenaline through their veins. Dander was headed in their . . . — — Map (db m7816) HM
"…the heights became dotted with tents, and at night…the neighboring hills were aglow with hundreds of watchfires…" Joseph Barry, Harpers Ferry resident October 1862
After the Battle of Antietam on September . . . — — Map (db m148871) HM
From Civil War to Civil Rights
In 1862 Union soldiers forced Edmund Chambers, this farm's first owner (1848-1869), from his home. The farm became a battlefield, where Confederate General A.P. Hill struck the winning blow of the Battle of . . . — — Map (db m143933) HM
Some of the Union infantrymen who defended this ground on the night of September 14th returned the next day. Even though the Confederate strategy had won the battle for Harpers Ferry, and these Union soldiers were part of the largest surrender of . . . — — Map (db m5398) HM
This gun protected the south end of the fort and was positioned to fire on flank movements. An outside picket trench, which can be seen ahead of the main embankment, protected the artillery crew. — — Map (db m5879) HM
This memorial is dedicated to all from the Harpers Ferry-Bolivar District who served their country from World War I to the present. Their sacrifice and valor for the freedom of America will never be forgotten, for those who did not return, our . . . — — Map (db m70786) WM
(First Panel): Harpers Ferry National Historical Park is the story of... Industrial Development and the production of weapons at the Harpers Ferry armory. John Brown's Raid and his attempt to end slavery. The Civil War with Union and . . . — — Map (db m19008) HM
Surrounded by the Blue Ridge Mountains at the confluence of the Potomac and the Shenandoah Rivers, Harpers Ferry thrived as an industrial community during the first half of the 19th century. By 1860, nearly 3,000 residents lived in the . . . — — Map (db m144875) HM
"I will pledge myself that there is not a spot in the United States which combines more or greater requisites...."
George Washington May 5, 1798 Harpers Ferry's history and geography have influenced each other for . . . — — Map (db m12065) HM
Here on the scene of John Brown’s martyrdom we reconsecrate ourselves, our honor, our property to the final emancipation of the race which John Brown died to make free… Thank God for John Brown!... and all the hallowed dead who died for . . . — — Map (db m8316) HM
The Civil War affected not only the soldiers who fought but the families whose homes and towns became battlefields. Edmund H. Chambers bought this farm in 1848 and lived here with his family until the Civil War. Although Chambers was a loyal . . . — — Map (db m115283) HM
Jefferson County’s men and women have answered their nation’s call to military service in war and peace. The monument in front of you is dedicated to all our honored veterans. Five of their stories are mentioned below.
Luke Quinn,a Marine . . . — — Map (db m107894) HM
United States Marine
Killed 18 October 1859
During the capture of John Brown
Flagpole and gravesite rededicated by
Marine Corps League Detachment 1143
13 0ctober 2012 — — Map (db m104281) HM WM
Infantry troops occupied positions along these fortifications. The low height of the earth embankment at this location permitted the defending troops easy passage to and from the abatis without exposure. — — Map (db m5878) HM
As you explore Jefferson County’s Civil War sites, you will learn about some of the notable exploits on the native soil of Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson, one of the war's most famous figures. Jackson was born in Clarksburg, Virginia (now West . . . — — Map (db m155096) HM
Confederate Major General “Stonewall” Jackson could not see this view. His lower vantage on Schoolhouse Ridge, 1000 yards upriver, blocked his sight of this strategic position. Yet Jackson remembered this farm from his time as . . . — — Map (db m155752) HM
No soldier liked to be trapped between opposing battle lines. Here where you stand, in these open pastures about half way between the crest of Schoolhouse Ridge and the steep slopes of Bolivar Heights, was no man's land on this battlefield. . . . — — Map (db m173628) HM
In July 1896, members of the National League of Colored Women traveled here from Washington, D.C. and posed for their picture in front of John Brown’s Fort. The women came to pay homage to Brown and his raiders, establishing a pilgrimage . . . — — Map (db m8317) HM
"…make all the valleys south of the Baltimore and Ohio [rail]road a desert as high up as possible…so that crows flying over it [Virginia] for the balance of the season will have to carry their provisions with them." Lt. Gen. . . . — — Map (db m5370) HM
The Union army refused to give up. Frustrated by the Federals' stronghold on Bolivar Heights, "Stonewall" Jackson ordered cannons to the mountain tops and nearby plateaus. Pounded by a day and a morning of Confederate bombardment, Union soldiers . . . — — Map (db m148868) HM
In August 1864 Harpers Ferry was again a Union stronghold. Union General Philip Sheridan and his men built this redoubt—the earthwork in front of you—as fortification against the Confederates. Sheridan’s objective was to stop the . . . — — Map (db m5896) HM
In August 1864, Gen. U.S. Grant ordered Gen. Phillip Sheridan to construct earth fortifications on Bolivar Heights. These forts faced northwest to protect against Confederate movements down the Shenandoah Valley to Harpers Ferry. This Sheridan . . . — — Map (db m5863) HM
Liberator of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador
Peru, Panama and founder of Bolivia
Presented by The President of Venezuela
to Bolivar, West Virginia — — Map (db m103645) HM WM
This residence was used as headquarters by Confederate General T.J. "Stonewall" Jackson while stationed in the area during the Civil War — — Map (db m2942) HM
Consider dragging 2,000-pound cannon up this ravine—at night. General A.P. Hill’s Confederates faced that task during the second night of battle. The assignment was essential to “Stonewall” Jackson’s plan to flank the Union army on . . . — — Map (db m5889) HM
During the construction of this fort, many of the trees which were located directly in front of these embankments were felled forming an “abatis”. This timber obstruction slowed the advance of the attacking forces so that snipers, . . . — — Map (db m5872) HM
"General J.R. Jones was directed to make a demonstration against the enemy's right." Jackson's official report Confederate Colonel Edmund Pendleton wrote about the night of September 14, 1862, from his perspective across the road on School . . . — — Map (db m155727) HM
After sunset on September 14, 1862, the Confederate cannons across the road on School House Ridge vanished in the darkness. The features of the landscape began to blur as the shell-shocked Union soldiers on Bolivar Heights wondered if they could . . . — — Map (db m5394) HM
Established 1869 Alexander Murphy 1840-1931 Mollie M. Murphy 1869-1945 Mary Murphy 1834-1908 William J. Murphy 1872-1931 Historical events on the Farm: Battle of Harpers Ferry September 13-15, 1862 General Philip Sheridan's Fortification August . . . — — Map (db m13275) HM
"General Hill, charge and give them the bayonet."
Major Gen. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson
September 15, 1862
Maj. Gen. A. P. Hill's division received orders from Stonewall Jackson to flank the Federal left on . . . — — Map (db m12057) HM
Union troops on the crest and slope of Bolivar Heights to the East were attacked by Confederates lead by Gen. Jackson from School House Ridge to the West on 14 Sept. 1862. Private Paylor, Co. D., 111th NY, recalled this as "an awful fight." This . . . — — Map (db m2944) HM
"We went below and formed in line of battle and laid down on our arms. Sleep was out of the question but of course, human nature will succumb and drowsiness was general among the boys. It must have been nine O'Clock or more by this . . . — — Map (db m5396) HM
Jefferson County. Formed, 1801, from Berkeley. Named for Thomas Jefferson. Home of Gens. Gates, Darke, and Charles Lee. Here four companies of Washington’s men organized. Shepherdstown was strongly urged as the seat of the National Capitol.
. . . — — Map (db m3449) HM
Colonel Lewis Washington, who lived here, was one of the hostages captured by John Brown in 1859 in his raid on Harpers Ferry. When captured, Brown wore a sword, once owned by George Washington, taken from this home. (1 Mi. N.). — — Map (db m12066) HM
Bushrod Corbin Washington, grandnephew of General George Washington, built this home in 1820. It was destroyed by fire, 1838, and rebuilt. Later it was the home of Frank R. Stockton, novelist, who here wrote his last book. (2 Mi. SW) — — Map (db m12636) HM
On December 16, 1836, Andrew Hunter and his wife Elizabeth sold this lot to the Trustees of the City of Charles Town and their successors in office forever, for the sum of fifty dollars. This lot was intended for and always be used as a potters . . . — — Map (db m157734) HM
A half mile southwest is the mansion built by John B. and Lucy Washington Packette in 1840. The center of conflict between Generals Early and Sheridan on August 21, 1864. Marks of the cannonading and musketry fire are yet visible. — — Map (db m157729) HM
On February 17, 1787, Charles Washington, founder of Charles Town, executed a deed granting a lot to the Board of Trustees of the Charles Town Presbyterian Church. Washington was paid 20 pounds "current money of Virginia" for the lot which was in . . . — — Map (db m170356) HM
The first school for African-Americans in Charles Town started in December 1865 at the home of Achilles and Ellen Dixon, African-Americans who lived on Liberty Street. It was taught by Freewill Baptist Missionary Anne Dudley.
Between 1868 . . . — — Map (db m132452) HM
This 5.26-acre waterside community park was created through a collaborative effort by the City of Charles Town, the Evitts Run Conservancy, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the West Virginia Department of Environmental PRotection. . . . — — Map (db m148888) HM
The Federal offensive in the Shenandoah Valley begun in May 1864 faltered in the summer with Confederate victories and Gen. Jubal A. Early's Washington Raid in July. Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan took command in August, defeated Early at . . . — — Map (db m159430) HM
Founded in 1786 by Charles Washington, brother of the President. Here John Brown was tried and convicted of treason. Home of W. L. Wilson, Postmaster General, 1896, who here started the first rural free delivery in America. — — Map (db m1650) HM
On the site of this Post Office stood the Jefferson County Jail where John Brown and his fellow prisoners were confined after their raid on Harpers Ferry in October 1859.
After court trial John Brown was taken from the Jail here to his death on . . . — — Map (db m2027) HM
Following the election in 1846, Jefferson County became one of the first counties in Virginia to approve free schools for white students. Prior to that time boys and girls paid to attend private academies. The county was divided into 27 districts . . . — — Map (db m103644) HM
Situated on one of the four corners laid out by Charles Washington. Dedicated for public use, the Hall has served as a market house, dance hall and restaurant. — — Map (db m148886) HM
You now stand in the center of a town that is almost as old as the United States, laid out on 80 acres of Washington lands in 1786 - four years before the First President took office.
Charles Washington, youngest of the five brothers of the . . . — — Map (db m12600) HM
Exitus Acta Probat. 1738–1799. In Memory of Colonel Charles Washington, brother of General George Washington and founder of Charles Town, Virginia (now West Virginia) in 1786. The four corner lots at Washington and George Streets were . . . — — Map (db m2029) HM
To the Glory of Patriotism
In memory of
Abraham Davenport
and his wife
Mary Simms.
Their seven sons were
soldiers of the
American Revolution
———————
Stephen, Abraham, John,
Marmaduke, . . . — — Map (db m103512) WM
Edge Hill Cemetery contains the graves of Fontaine Beckham and John Avis, two participants in the saga of John Brown’s Raid in October 1859. Beckham was the mayor of Harpers Ferry then and one of four civilian casualties. Ironically, though John . . . — — Map (db m41672) HM
On January 1, 1863. when President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, he declared persons
held as slaves in states that were in rebellion to be free. Lincoln specifically exempted the counties of present-day WV save Jefferson, which had . . . — — Map (db m203915) HM
In 1799, prominent Charles Town resident Samuel Washington sold the two lots that house this building to James Duke, a freed indentured servant. Eventually, physician Charles Taylor Richardson took ownership of the land and property. Dr. Richardson . . . — — Map (db m103606) HM
Etter Hall is named after American Public University System's (APUS) founder, Major James P. Etter. Major Etter served in the United States Marines for twenty-one years. He served two tours in Vietnam and received two Purple Hearts. Major Etter . . . — — Map (db m103607) HM
Explore the Washington Heritage Trail George Washington knew the portion of the Shenandoah Valley that forms West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle well. The Washington Heritage Trail lets you drive the scenic backroads that join Charles Town to . . . — — Map (db m12596) HM
Jefferson County’s association with significant events in Civil War history began in October 1859, when abolitionist John Brown raided the U.S. Arsenal at Harpers Ferry. Quickly captured, Brown and his followers were brought here to Charles Town . . . — — Map (db m41671) HM
Grave of Robert Rutherford, member of committee which in 1775 replied to orders of Lord Dunmore for Virginians to join British army or be held as rebels. This defiance was a gauntlet hurled at Dunmore's feet. (1½ Mi. N. E.) — — Map (db m12624) HM
Grave of Robert Rutherford, member of committee which in 1775 replied to orders of Lord Dunmore for Virginians to join British army or be held as rebels. This defiance was a gauntlet hurled at Dunmore's feet. (1½ Mi. NE) — — Map (db m12630) HM
This working farm was established in 1750 when Thomas Lord Fairfax granted 400 acres of his 5 million-acre Northern Neck Proprietary to Henry Lloyd. In 1774, the grant passed to Walter Baker, who is credited with building the original portion of . . . — — Map (db m207034) HM
There sleeps beneath
all that was mortal of
GEORGE W. TURNER
Born at
Wheatland in the County of Jefferson
Jany. 11th 1814.
Graduated at West Point 1831,
and fell nobly maintaining the
rights of his State at
Harpers . . . — — Map (db m103553) HM
Now called Mordington, home of Colonel Charles Washington, founder of Charles Town, Virginia (now West Virginia). His brother General George Washington often visited him here. Colonel Washington died in September 1799. He and his wife Mildred are . . . — — Map (db m12070) HM
Erected in 1771. The home of Colonel Samuel Washington, County Lieutenant. His brother General George Washington visited here and General Lafayette and Luis Phillipe of France were entertained here. In this house James Madison and Dolly Payne Todd . . . — — Map (db m1914) HM
Famous watering site for the Union Soldiers and Horses during War between the States.
Restored 1967 by Charles Town Women's Club
Restored 1987 by Charles Town Women's Club, City Council & Bicentennial Committee — — Map (db m58627) HM
Thomas Mayberry agreed in 1742 to erect iron furnaces on the property of William Vestal. Here ore was mined and iron produced for the first time west of the Blue Ridge. Washington visited the iron furnaces here in 1760. — — Map (db m59576) HM
In this courthouse, John Brown, the abolitionist, was tried and found guilty of treason, conspiracy and murder. He was hanged four blocks from here on December 2, 1859. — — Map (db m1742) HM
This is where seven men were hanged in December 1859 and March 1860 for their part in John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry. The scaffold stood here in a large field. A month after the trial, on December 2, 1859, John Brown was the first to die. He . . . — — Map (db m41650) HM
Within these grounds a short distance east of this marker is the site of the scaffold on which John Brown, leader of the Harpers Ferry raid, was executed December the Second, 1859. — — Map (db m12603) HM
John Blessing was born in Germany and came to the United States and made his home in Baltimore, Maryland. He moved to Charles Town 1853 and purchased a large brick building on the corner of Charles and Washington Streets (Now known as the Shugart . . . — — Map (db m132445) HM
Erected by Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of West Virginia, Free and Accepted Masons, Incorporated In tribute to John Thomas Marker of Star Lodge #1, Charles Town First Most Worshipful Grand Master 1881 The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of . . . — — Map (db m10645) HM
Jefferson County, Virginia placed this stone originally in a schoolhouse near Shepherdstown as a tribute to · · John Yates · · The founder of the Free School System in this county Moved to its present location 1937. [ Lower Marker: . . . — — Map (db m41726) HM
Born in 1835 in Jefferson County, he joined the 2nd VA Infantry and was wounded at Bolivar Heights in October 1861. Commissioned acting master, Confederate States Navy, in 1863, he operated as a privateer. In 1864, Beall failed in a plan to free . . . — — Map (db m157730) HM
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