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Exploration Topic

 
By William Fischer, Jr., August 17, 2024
Fairbanks is Discovered Marker
101 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks — Fairbanks is Discovered —
Near Airport Way.
The passage to Tanacross was not possible due to low water levels. Captain Adams dropped Barnette, his trade goods and family on the banks of the Chena Slough. Captain Adams stayed long enough to construct two cabins. One was for . . . — — Map (db m256897) HM
102 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks — Pioneering Prospectors —
Near Airport Way.
Dedicated to the Pioneering Prospectors who developed the Fairbanks Mining District into the thriving community that we all enjoy today. The sacrifices of these hardworking men and women made it possible for past, present and future generations . . . — — Map (db m257481) HM
103 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks — Placer Drill —
Near Airport Way.
This drill was used in the Preacher Creek area during the early 20th Century, where it sat for decades until its restoration by Eagle Scout Seth Santoro of the Midnight Sun Council, Troop 92 in 2016. Drills were used to determine the presence . . . — — Map (db m257485) HM
104 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks — Some of the First Men to Prospect the Fairbanks District Mining Claims —
Near Airport Way.
Images and map are from the Tanana Gold Fields, published spring 1904 [Prospector photo captions, clockwise from top left, read] George Purches • Thomas Gilmore • Jack Costa Al Hilty & S.R. Weiss • Dave Cascaden • Frank Cleary • Fred . . . — — Map (db m257483) HM
105 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks — Stamp Milling —
Near Airport Way.
Gravity stamp milling was the primary method for crushing ore prior to 1910. The purpose of the mill was to reduce gold-bearing rock (ore) into a high-value concentrate of gold. Mills generally consisted of several components: a stamp battery, . . . — — Map (db m257490) HM
106 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks — The Arduous Work of Prospecting in Alaska —
Near Airport Way.
[Historic photo captions, clockwise from top center, read] • Prospector Felix Pedro, Discoverer of the Fairbanks Mining District • Prospector using rocker box to recover gold • Hoisting with a windlass at the prospect site • . . . — — Map (db m257482) HM
107 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks, Downtown — The Early Gold Rush — 1902 - 1909 — Alaska Gold Rush Centennial —
On 1st Avenue west of Cushman Street, on the right when traveling west.
Riverboats, bringing food and supplies to the miners on the creeks north of Fairbanks, plied the Chena River until the Tanana Valley Railroad was built in 1907. To reach the gold-bearing gravels, early miners dug vertical shafts through 80-100 . . . — — Map (db m256489) HM
108 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks, Downtown — Tanana Indians / Exploration — Historic Fairbanks —
On Lacey Street north of 1st Avenue, on the right when traveling north.
Tanana Indians The Tanana River Athabascan Indians inhabited the watershed of the Tanana River Traditionally hunters and gatherers, they traveled over wide areas in their pursuit of food. In the late eighteenth century the . . . — — Map (db m257143) HM
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109 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks, Downtown — The Episcopal Church in Fairbanks: St. Matthews — 1029 First Avenue —
On 1st Avenue west of Kellum Street, on the left when traveling west.
"I made the claim for this church that it meant light: that it meant more light here in Fairbanks." -Archdeacon Hudson Stuck in the first service at St. Matthew's. The Episcopal Church's activity in Alaska's vast interior had been . . . — — Map (db m257165) HM
110 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks, Slaterville — Denali — The Coldest Mountain in the World —
On Doyon Place.
Denali's high latitude (north of 63°) and high altitude (20,310 ft.) create intensely cold and windy conditions. Spring offered the optimal weather for approaching and climbing the mountain in 1913. Still, its remote location and frigid . . . — — Map (db m257234) HM
111 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks, Slaterville — Sled Dogs —
On Doyon Place.
Sled Dogs in Territorial Alaska Sled dogs provided Alaskans their main method of winter travel in the 1800s and early 1900s. The Siberian Husky and Alaskan Malamute were preferred breeds. People traveled by dogsled to hunt, trap, and haul . . . — — Map (db m257253) HM
112 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks, Slaterville — The 1913 Pioneer Ascent of Denali —
On Doyon Place.
The Expedition Members Episcopal Archdeacon Hudson Stuck and Harry Karstens co-led the expedition. Walter Harper and Robert Tatum completed the ascent team. Alaska Native youths John Fredson (Johnny Fred), who was Gwich'in, and Esaias . . . — — Map (db m257240) HM
113 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Fairbanks, Slaterville — Walter Harper — A Man of Two Worlds —
On Doyon Place.
Walter Harper was the son of the Koyukon Athabascan (Dena') woman Seentaána (Jenny), and the Irish prospector and trader Arthur Harper. He was born in 1892 at Nuchalawoyya, near Tanana, as the gold rush era was transforming Alaska. Jenny and . . . — — Map (db m257249) HM
114 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Harding-Birch Lakes — Alaska's Gold Rush Era —
On Richardson Highway (Alaska Route 2), on the right when traveling south.
Gold discoveries brought Alaska and the Yukon to the attention of the world. A series of stampedes occurred over more than three decades. Drawn by dreams of gold, men and women from many places and all walks of life participated in an adventure that . . . — — Map (db m59836) HM
115 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, Harding-Birch Lakes — Tanana Valley Gold —
On Richardson Highway (Alaska Route 2), on the right when traveling south.
The gold deposit found in 1902 north of present-day Fairbanks proved to be the richest in Alaska. Prospector Felix Pedro and trader E.T. Barnette played key roles in the discovery and initial rush. A second strike made the following summer . . . — — Map (db m59826) HM
116 ► Alaska, Fairbanks North Star Borough, North Pole — "The North Pole" —
On East 5th Avenue 0.1 miles east of Davis Boulevard, on the left when traveling east.
This pole is one of two poles manufactured in 1951 as part of a campaign to properly mark the top of the Earth. After a grand tour of the United States, its twin was pushed out of the tail hatch of an Alaska Airlines DC-4 over the geographic North . . . — — Map (db m58912) HM
117 ► Alaska, Juneau Borough, Juneau, Downtown Juneau — Corner of Front & Franklin — Downtown Historic District —
Near Peoples Wharf.
The intersection of Front and Franklin streets is the heart of downtown Juneau. On the site where the Triangle Building now stands, the first prospectors camped through the winter of 1880-81, establishing local government and planning the Juneau . . . — — Map (db m257948) HM
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118 ► Alaska, Juneau Borough, Juneau, Twin Lakes — Wagner Mine —
On Salmon Creek Lane.
In 1880 a local inhabitant, Chief Kowee, revealed to prospectors Joe Juneau and Richard Harris the presence of gold in what is now named Gold Creek in Silver Bow Basin. The city of Juneau was founded there that year. The strike sparked the Juneau . . . — — Map (db m70765) HM
119 ► Alaska, Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Denali — Tall Mountain, Taller Tales —
Near Parks Highway.
Tall Mountain, Taller Tails Mt. McKinley has been under a cloud of controversy since the first summit attempts in the early 1900s. Many mountaineers saw this wild and uncharted territory with one thought in mind – being the first to . . . — — Map (db m311404) HM
120 ► Alaska, Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Eureka Roadhouse — U.S. Army Explores the Wilderness — Gold Rush Centennial —
On Glenn Highway (Alaska Route 1 at milepost 129), on the right when traveling north.
In 1898, the U.S. Army searched for routes from Prince William Sound to the Interior. Captain Edwin F. Glenn and his men passed near here on their way from Cook Inlet to the Tanana River. Some of his soldiers suffered great hardships. The . . . — — Map (db m255281) HM
121 ► Alaska, Sitka Borough, Sitka, Mount Edgecumbe — 250th Anniversary of the Bering-Chirikov Expedition — 1741-1991 —
On Kaagwaantaan Street.
[Top rim]: К 250 летию экспедиции В. И. Беринга и А.И. . . . — — Map (db m8448) HM
122 ► Alaska, Sitka Borough, Sitka, Mount Edgecumbe — Noow Tlein —
Near Lincoln Street.
Tlingit people established ties to this place long ago and those ties, though altered, remain. The Land and the Tlingit The ocean and the forest met the Tlingit peoples' needs as they moved from summer fish camps to autumn hunting grounds . . . — — Map (db m181331) HM
123 ► Alaska, Skagway Borough, Skagway, Dyea — "The most important item on the list is good advice - — and plenty of it." — Tappan Adney, The Klondike Stampede —
On Broadway north of 1st Avenue, on the left when traveling north.
Hoping to prevent a famine, the Canadian government refused to permit anyone to enter Canada without a year's supply of food. This farsighted measure probably worked, but it burdened every stampeder with a load which weighed nearly a ton. . . . — — Map (db m257813) HM
124 ► Alaska, Skagway Borough, Skagway, Dyea — A War of Wills: Skagway as a Frontier Town and the Demise of "Mooresville" — Historic Moore Homestead — Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park —
On 5th Avenue east of Broadway, on the left when traveling east.
Beginning in July 1897, gold rush fever propelled thousands of hopeful prospectors to Mooresville, which, despite the homestead, quickly became a crowded tent city. The Moores maintained an early hold on the traffic the White Pass Trail, but . . . — — Map (db m257786) HM
125 ► Alaska, Skagway Borough, Skagway, Dyea — Captain Moore's Vision: The Gateway to the Klondike Goldfields — Historic Moore Homestead — Klondike Gold Rush National Historical Park —
On 5th Avenue east of Broadway, on the left when traveling east.
In June 1887, Captain William Moore and Native guide, Skookum Jim Mason (Keish), scouted the relatively unknown Tlingit route through the coastal mountains to what became known as the White Pass leading to the Canadian interior. . . . — — Map (db m257782) HM
126 ► Alaska, Skagway Borough, Skagway, Dyea — Skagway Centennial Statue — 1897 —
On Broadway, on the right when traveling north.
Skagway was originally spelled S-K-A-G-U-A, a Tlingit Indian word for “windy place.” The first people in the area were Tlingits from the Chilkoot and Chilkat villages in the Haines-Klukwan area. From a fish camp in nearby Dyea, they used the . . . — — Map (db m69128) HM
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127 ► Alaska, Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Delta Junction — "Two in the Far North" — a book by Margaret E. Murie —
On Richardson Highway (State Highway 4 at milepost 266), 0.1 miles north of 2nd Street, on the right when traveling north.
Sullivan's was in a wooded dip among the low hills We were getting into the foothills of the Range now. The roadhouse was low and sprawling, so comfortable looking, larger than the others so far, with a wing extending out the back. Pa Sullivan . . . — — Map (db m255636) HM
128 ► Alaska, Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Harding-Birch Lakes — Getting the Gold — Gold Rush Centennial —
On Richardson Highway (State Highway 2 at milepost 293.9), 0.2 miles west of Ruby Road, on the left when traveling west.
Placer mining during the Gold Rush included finding gold bearing gravels, digging them out of the ground, and separating the heavier gold from the gravel. It was hard, back-breaking work. Finding a Pay Streak Placer gold can be dust, . . . — — Map (db m255863) HM
129 ► Alaska, Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Harding-Birch Lakes — Gold in the Tenderfoot — Gold Rush Centennial —
On Richardson Highway (State Highway 2 at milepost 293.9), 0.2 miles west of Ruby Road, on the left when traveling west.
After the Klondike rush, prospectors searched many other places for gold. They made rich discoveries near Fairbanks and many smaller discoveries in the upper Tanana Valley. The Tenderfoot discovery near here in 1905 led to a small stampede. . . . — — Map (db m255883) HM
130 ► Arizona, Apache County, Lupton — One Days Ride to Zuni —
Near Interstate 40 at milepost 359.
In November of 1776 a party of Spanish explorers and Indian guides passed through this area on their way to the Zuni Mission in what is now New Mexico. Franciscan Fathers, Francisco Atanasio Dominquez and Silvestre Velez De Escalante, had embarked . . . — — Map (db m36577) HM
131 ► Arizona, Cochise County, Bisbee — Discovery of Ore
On Arizona Route 80 at milepost 341, 0.2 miles west of Main Street, on the right when traveling west. Reported missing.
.......On this site in the year of 1877, Sgt. Jack Dunn, with a detail of the Tenth U.S. Cavalry pursuing renegade Apaches, discovered rich out croppings of copper & silver ore. The discovery led to the staking of the first mining claim & the . . . — — Map (db m48561) HM
132 ► Arizona, Cochise County, Bowie — Parke Camp Site —
Near Fort Bowie Trail 0.4 miles south of Apache Pass Road.
In March 1854, Lt. John Parke of the Topographical Engineer Corps led a survey party in search of an all-weather route for the transcontinental railroad. After a march of 55 waterless miles through Sulphur Springs Valley, the party entered Apache . . . — — Map (db m100812) HM
133 ► Arizona, Cochise County, Hereford — The Coronado Expedition, 1540-42 —
Near East Montezuma Canyon Road..
Spanish: En el año 1539, recordando aún el anuncio de la conquista del imperio inca que occurrió en 1533, el virrey Antonio de Mendoza receloso pero con te a la vez, envió a un sacerdote para comprobar los rumres [rumores] sobre ricas . . . — — Map (db m28255) HM
134 ► Arizona, Cochise County, Tombstone — Edward L. Schieffelin — 1847-1897 —
On East Allen Street at South 3rd Street, on the right when traveling west on East Allen Street.
Prospector and miner, whose discoveries of silver in 1877 and 1878 at the Tombstone, Lucky Cuss, Goodenough, Toughnut and Contention mining claims led to the founding of the City of Tombstone. This statue, created by sculptor Tim Trask of St. . . . — — Map (db m249810) HM
135 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Flagstaff — Beale Road — Historic Site —
On U.S. 180, on the right when traveling north.
In 1857 Congress authorized Navy Lieutenant Edward F. Beale to survey a wagon road along the 35th parallel from Fort Defiance, New Mexico Territory, to the Colorado River. A secondary mission was to test the feasibility of using camels in the . . . — — Map (db m33348) HM
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136 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Flagstaff — Henry Lee Giclas — December 10, 1910 - April 2, 2007 —
Near West Mars Hill Road 0.6 miles west of West Santa Fe Avenue.
Another life-long employee of Lowell Observatory, Henry is best remembered for his Proper Motion Study of 1971, which entailed repeating the Pluto search plates after 25 years to determine whatever changes had taken place in the background of . . . — — Map (db m149456) HM
137 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Flagstaff — Lowell Observatory — National Historic Landmark —
Near West Mars Hill Road 0.6 miles west of West Santa Fe Avenue.
Lowell Observatory has been designated a Registered National Historic Landmark Under the provisions of the Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935 this site possesses exceptional value in commemorating or illustrating the History of The . . . — — Map (db m149455) HM
138 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Flagstaff — The Lawrence Lowell Telescope —
Near West Mars Hill Road 0.6 miles west of West Santa Fe Avenue.
A gift to the Observatory from President A. Lawrence Lowell through this instrument the ninth planet Pluto was first found in 1930 ”It means a planet out there as yet unseen by Man, but certain sometime to be detected and added to the . . . — — Map (db m149454) HM
139 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Flagstaff — The San Francisco Peaks —
On West Mars Hill Road.
The mountain in the distance, known as the San Francisco Peaks, soars to an elevation of 12,633 feet. Mr. C. Hart Merriam, while leading a scientific expedition to the Peaks in 1889, developed the concept of life zones. These zones describe how . . . — — Map (db m263186) HM
140 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Fredonia — 29 — Pipe Springs National Monument —
On U.S. 89A at milepost 609, on the left when traveling north.
Fifteen miles southwest is historic “Pipe Springs” early pioneer outpost and first telegraph station in Arizona. — — Map (db m94921) HM
141 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Fredonia — Prickly Pears and Pinion Nuts — Dominguez y Escalante Expedition 1776-1976 —
On U.S. 89A at milepost 609, on the left when traveling north.
A worn and hungry band of Spanish explorers made camp at Johnson Wash, six miles to the east, on October 21, 1776. Fathers Dominguez and Escalante called it Santa Barbara. They found no water for horses or the men who were subsisting on meager . . . — — Map (db m94920) HM
142 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon National Park — Bright Angel Trail —
Near Bright Angel Trail.
Each year thousands of hikers enter Grand Canyon on the Bright Angel Trail. They follow a tradition - and a trail route - established by prehistoric people. For centuries humans have used this route for two key reasons: water and access. Water . . . — — Map (db m39563) HM
143 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon National Park — Canyon on Canvas —
On Moran Point Road north of Desert View Drive.
Artist Thomas Moran was a storehouse of pictures. In 1873, geologist John Wesley Powell invited Moran to accompany his geologic survey of the Grand Canyon region. For Moran, the canyon was "by far the most awfully grand and impressive scene." As a . . . — — Map (db m250577) HM
144 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon National Park — Colonel Claude Hale Birdseye — 1878-1941 — Explorer • Geographer • Surveyor —
Near Hermit Road.
The first Chief Topographic Engineer of the U.S. Geological Survey 1919-1929 and the first President of the American Society of Photogrammetry 1934. He headed a Geological Survey expedition through the Grand Canyon in 1923 to acquire information . . . — — Map (db m157000) HM
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145 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon National Park — Early Explorer —
On Hermits Road, on the right when traveling east.
This monument honors Major John Wesley Powell, the leader of the first documented expedition through Grand Canyon. Imagine entering the depths of Grand Canyon down a roaring, not-yet-charted river, not knowing whether you will emerge. Because . . . — — Map (db m108883) HM
146 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon National Park — Kolb Studio — Grand Canyon National Park —
Near North Village Loop.
The Kolb Brothers: daring, persistent, Grand Canyon legends. Their studio stands before you. Ellsworth Kolb arrived here in 1901, Emery in 1902. First located in a tent, their photo business grew with Grand Canyon tourism. They eventually . . . — — Map (db m39549) HM
147 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon National Park — Mining on Horseshoe Mesa —
Near Grandview Trail.
In 1890 prospector Pete Berry staked the Last Chance copper claim 3,000 feet below you on Horseshoe Mesa. The Last Chance Mine began a 17-year flurry of activity here at Grandview Point. For a while the Last Chance Mine thrived. The ore was . . . — — Map (db m39662) HM
148 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon National Park — The Best Section —
Near Hermit Road at West Rim Trail.
”the Grand Canyon of the Colorado will give the best geological section on the continent.” —John Wesley Powell, 1868
The “geological section” described by John Wesley Powell is a vertical cross section . . . — — Map (db m156995) HM
149 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon Village — John Wesley Powell Boat —
On Unnamed Road north of Imax Canyon Plaza Lane, on the right when traveling north.
This boat is an exact replica of the boat used by John Wesley Powell in his historic voyage through the Grand Canyon. In 1869, Powell and his intrepid crew managed to survive the rapids in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado by lining and . . . — — Map (db m285526) HM
150 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Grand Canyon Village — Spanish Discovery —
Near Desert View Drive (Arizona Route 64) 14.6 miles east of South Entrance Road, on the left when traveling east.
Near here in late summer of 1540, soldiers from the Spanish expedition of Francisco Vasquez de Coronado became the first Europeans to see Grand Canyon. After journeying for six months, Coronado's army arrived at the Hopi mesas, east of . . . — — Map (db m125895) HM
151 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Marble Canyon — Dominguez y Escalante Expedition — 1776 - 1976 — Treacherous Descent
On U.S. 89A at milepost 557, on the left when traveling east. Reported missing.
Text from: Historical Markers with The Arizona Department of Transportation right of way. Prepared by: Roadside Development Section April 1, 1997 Fatigued by a thirty mile ride, the padres picked their way down the rocky north slope . . . — — Map (db m39917) HM
152 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Marble Canyon — Impossible Canyons — Dominguez y Escalante Expedition 1776-1976 —
On U.S. 89A at milepost 538.3, on the right when traveling west.
In desperate search for a crossing of the Colorado River before the wild storms of winter might further weaken their starving bodies, Fathers Dominguez and Escalante led their expedition past this point on October 26, 1776. Five days were spent . . . — — Map (db m94896) HM
153 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Marble Canyon — Lonely Dell Ranch —
On Lonely Dell.
For more than 100 years, Lonely Dell Ranch has meant different things to those who traveled here. To pioneers and missionaries, it was an isolated settlement offering small comfort during a long journey further south. To the families who lived . . . — — Map (db m289772) HM
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154 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Page — Crossing of the Fathers — Dominguez y Escalante Expedition 1776-1976 —
On Lake Powell Boulevard at Navajo Drive, on the right when traveling north on Lake Powell Boulevard.
Within sight of this place the Franciscan priests Dominguez and Escalante and their ten companions experienced two of the most difficult challenges among many along the 1,800 miles of their epic journey from the Spanish presidio at Santa Fe, New . . . — — Map (db m40324) HM
155 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Page — Emma Dean —
On Lake Powell Boulevard at Navajo Drive, on the right when traveling north on Lake Powell Boulevard.
A slightly larger, but reasonable replica of the 16 ft. pine rowboat in which Major John Wesley Powell first explored the canyons of the Colorado River in 1869. This craft was constructed by Walt Disney Productions and used in the river running . . . — — Map (db m40323) HM
156 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Page — Major John Wesley Powell — 1834-1902 —
Near U.S. 89.
Major John Wesley Powell 1834-1902 Explorer of the Colorado River 1869 and 1871-72 On August 3, 1869, Powell wrote in his journal: ”…we have a curious ensemble of wonderful features — carved walls, royal arches, glens, alcove . . . — — Map (db m155893) HM
157 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Page — Rainbow Bridge National Monument —
On North Lake Powell Boulevard at Vista Avenue, on the right when traveling east on North Lake Powell Boulevard.
Although the official discovery of Rainbow Bridge did not occur until 1909, there is convincing evidence that prospectors stumbled upon the bridge in the late 1880s. (Certainly JW Powell did not know about the bridge as he floated down the Colorado . . . — — Map (db m254683) HM
158 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Page — The First Europeans —
On North Lake Powell Boulevard at Vista Avenue, on the right when traveling east on North Lake Powell Boulevard.
One of Coronado's lieutenants, Captain Garcia Lopez de Cardenas, discovered the Grand Canyon in 1540. In the fall of 1776 an exploring group led by two Spanish priests, Dominguez and Escalante, were the first Europeans to see Glen Canyon. John . . . — — Map (db m254671) HM
159 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument — "The Peaks" —
Near Loop Road.
They dominate the horizon, rising 12,633 feet (3851 m) to Arizona's highest point. Visible for miles from all directions, they stand guard over a land which has long sustained people in spirit and natural resources. All of the region's Native . . . — — Map (db m41664) HM
160 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument — Geological Infant —
Near Loop Road.
Erupting less than 1,000 years ago, Sunset Crater is the youngest in an impressive field of volcanoes all around you. The 1,000-foot-high (305m) cinder cone we see today formed when basalt magma rose directly to the surface through a primary vent. . . . — — Map (db m41665) HM
161 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Walnut Canyon National Monument — A Time of Change —
Near Forest Service Road 622.
When a volcanic eruption occurred near what is now Flagstaff, Arizona, people lost homes and lands they had cultivated for at least 400 years. A major life events for locals, the eruption was also visible to large population centers across the . . . — — Map (db m61325) HM
162 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Williams — Bill Williams Mountain — Elevation 9,264 Ft —
On West Bill Williams Avenue/West Route 66, on the left when traveling east.
This mountain was named for a colorful mountaineer, guide, and trapper who is generally credited with being the first American to explore northern Arizona – 1830 or earlier. Williams lived at different times among the Osage and Ute Indians, . . . — — Map (db m33418) HM
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163 ► Arizona, Coconino County, Williams — William Sherley Williams — Sculpture by B.R. Pettit —
On East Railroad Avenue near South 9th Street, in the median.
"Old Bill" was born January 3, 1787 in North Carolina. He died March 24, 1849. In that 62 year life span he did a heap of living, most of it in the wilderness. In the late 1700's and early 1800's the mountain men were trappers. In the quest of fine . . . — — Map (db m205150) HM
164 ► Arizona, Graham County, Safford — The Gila Valley
On U.S. 70 at milepost 341, on the right when traveling east. Reported missing.
The Route of: Coronado in search of the Fabled Seven Cities of Cibola. 1540 ———— James O. Pattie and other famous trappers along the Gila River. 1825-26 ———— Gen. Stephen W. Kearny and . . . — — Map (db m48612) HM
165 ► Arizona, Greenlee County, Clifton — San Francisco River —
On The Coronado Trail (U.S. 191 at milepost 163), on the right when traveling north.
In January of 1825, a trapper named James O. Pattie, ascended this river and with one companion in 14 days trapped 250 beavers. This was the first known penetration of Arizona by American citizens. — — Map (db m36372) HM
166 ► Arizona, La Paz County, Quartzsite — Hi Jolly — Camel Driver, Packer, Scout — Last Camp —
Near Cemetery Street (Business U.S. 10) 0.1 miles north of West Main Street (U.S. 95) when traveling north.
. . . — — Map (db m32201) HM
167 ► Arizona, Maricopa County, Phoenix, Central City — Jacob Waltz —
On 13th Avenue at West Jefferson, on the right when traveling north on 13th Avenue.
Jacob Waltz was born in the kingdom of Wurttemberg Germany circa 1810. He immigrated to the USA in 1839 and became a naturalized citizen in 1864. Waltz was prospecting in Arizona and is reputed to have found a gold deposit near the superstition . . . — — Map (db m74397) HM
168 ► Arizona, Maricopa County, Sentinel — Oatman Massacre Site —
Near Oatman Road 8.8 miles north of Agua Caliente Road.
Site of Oatman Massacre Feb. 18, 1851 — — Map (db m72167) HM
169 ► Arizona, Mohave County, Bullhead City — Old Fort Mohave —
Near State Highway 68 south of McCormick Boulevard, on the right when traveling south.
Western anchor of a military road across Northern Arizona. Near here in 1858 Beale's camel expedition was ferried across the Colorado River on the steamer General Jessup. The fort was abandoned at the start of the Civil War. Was activated again in . . . — — Map (db m274460) HM
170 ► Arizona, Mohave County, Chloride — Chloride — "Oldest Silver Mining Town in Arizona" —
On 2nd Street, on the left when traveling south.
Founded in 1862 with the discovery of silver, Chloride became the first mining town of the Cerbat Mountains. During it's heyday, 1900 to 1920, the population swelled to over 2000 with 75 mines in operation. Chloride was the first incorporated town . . . — — Map (db m31845) HM
171 ► Arizona, Mohave County, Fredonia — A Good Drink of Water — Pipe Spring National Monument —
Near North Pipe Spring Road 0.3 miles north of Route 389, on the left when traveling north.
Pipe Spring 1859 — Arrived about noon hungry, tired, and thirsty. I now treated myself to a good drink of water, took breakfast & rested myself… Plenty of feed and good water at this place. —Thales Haskell, 25-year-old Mormon . . . — — Map (db m149367) HM
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172 ► Arizona, Mohave County, Fredonia — Powell’s Surveyors at Pipe Spring — Pipe Spring National Monument —
Near North Pipe Spring Road 0.3 miles north of Route 389, on the left when traveling north.
Many high places you see jutting out along the Vermilion Cliffs had to be climbed by this team of federal surveyors in winter 1872–73. Explorer John Wesley Powell often camped and resupplied at Pipe Spring. From here the survey team set up . . . — — Map (db m149400) HM
173 ► Arizona, Mohave County, Grand Canyon National Park — Separation Canyon —
Near the Colorado River.
Here on August 28 1869, Seneca Howland, O.G. Howland and William H. Dunn separated from the original Powell party, climbed to the north rim and were killed by the Indians. For further authentic information see “Colorado River Controversies” . . . — — Map (db m155772) HM
174 ► Arizona, Mohave County, Littlefield — 121 — The Old Spanish Trail — 1829 - 1848 —
On County Highway 91 at Old Pioneer Road on County Highway 91.
The Old Spanish Trail, the main trade route between Santa Fe and Los Angeles, passed this way beginning in 1829. At the end of the Mexican-American War this portion of the route evolved into what was variously known as the Salt Lake Road, the . . . — — Map (db m78535) HM
175 ► Arizona, Mohave County, Wikieup — Big Sandy Valley
On U.S. 93, on the right when traveling north. Reported missing.
First exploration probably by early Spanish explorers, Espejo in 1582 and Farfan in 1589. Explored later by Lt. Amiel W. Whipple in 1854. Important agriculture, mining, milling, and smelting area in our early days. The McCrackin Mine discovered by . . . — — Map (db m68947) HM
176 ► Arizona, Navajo County, Holbrook — Early Explorers —
Near Petrified Forest Road, on the left when traveling east.
U.S. Army Lt. Amiel Whipple, surveying for a railroad route along the 35th Parallel about one mile south of here, passed down the broad sandy wash below in December 1853. Impressed with the deposits of petrified wood visible along the banks, Whipple . . . — — Map (db m72924) HM
177 ► Arizona, Navajo County, Holbrook — Historic Wagon Road —
On Joy Nevin Avenue west of 2nd Street, on the right when traveling west.
This monument marks a segment of an early road across northern Arizona following the 35th parallel-transcontinental survey. The route evolved from several pathfinding expeditions: Lt. Amiel W. Whipple's 1853-54 railroad survey; Lt. Edward F. Beale's . . . — — Map (db m236476) HM
178 ► Arizona, Navajo County, Winslow — Historic Wagon Road —
On East 2nd Street (Old Highway 66) at North Williamson Avenue (State Road 87), on the right when traveling east on East 2nd Street.
This monument marks a segment of an early road across northern Arizona following the 35th parallel-transcontinental survey. The route evolved from several pathfinding expeditions: Lt. Amiel W. Whipple's 1853-54 railroad survey; Lt. Edward F. Beale's . . . — — Map (db m236470) HM
179 ► Arizona, Pima County, Sikul Himatk — Quijotoa —
On Tucson Ajo Highway (State Highway 86) near Indian Route 32, on the right when traveling east.
This is a Papago word meaning, mountain shaped like a carrying basket. Discovery of a pocket of gold and silver ore led to a fabulous boom development here in 1883. The desert has reclaimed the original site and its suburbs of Logan . . . — — Map (db m7002) HM
180 ► Arizona, Pima County, Tucson — Historic Period —
On Signal Hill Road north of Golden Gate Road.
In this part of America, the first documented European contact with American Indians occurred in the late 1600s when the Jesuits established missions along the rivers near here. Padre Eusebio Kino and his fellow missionaries first visited the . . . — — Map (db m250032) HM
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181 ► Arizona, Pima County, Tucson, Downtown — Garcés Footbridge — Puente de Garcés — Historic Site —
Near West Broadway Boulevard.
Memorial to Francisco Garcés, explorer and first Franciscan missionary to the Pima village at the foot of Sentinel Peak. In 1770 Garcés and the Pimas constructed at that site the first substantial building in Tucson, a mission residence with two . . . — — Map (db m83034) HM
182 ► Arizona, Pima County, Tucson, El Presidio — Hugo O'Conor —
Near West Paseo Redondo.
Commandant Inspector of the Interior Provinces of New Spain Hugo O'Conor Founder of the Presidio San Agustin de Tucson August 20, 1775 Hugh O'Conor was born in Ireland in 1734 during a time in Irish history when England . . . — — Map (db m31548) HM
183 ► Arizona, Pima County, Tucson, El Presidio — Padre-Eusebio-Francisco-Kino, S.J. —
On West Alameda Street, on the right when traveling east.
Born Segno, Italy, 1645 – Educated at Jesuit Colleges Entered society of Jesus, 1665 – His petition to be sent upon a distant and dangerous mission granted, 1678 – Began missionary labors in Lower California, April 1, 1683 . . . — — Map (db m26394) HM
184 ► Arizona, Pima County, Tucson, Menlo Park — Sentinel Peak —
On South Sentinel Peak Road, on the left when traveling north.
Used as a lookout and for signal fires by the Indians prior to and since 1692 and later by early settlers — — Map (db m38401) HM
185 ► Arizona, Pima County, Tucson, West University — Eusebio Francisco Kino, S. J. — 1645-1711 —
On East 2nd Street, on the right when traveling west.
. . . — — Map (db m27077) HM
186 ► Arizona, Pinal County, Apache Junction — Dons's Camp —
On East Peralta Road 5.6 miles east of Superstition Freeway (U.S. 60).
. . . — — Map (db m48355) HM
187 ► Arizona, Pinal County, Apache Junction — Jacob Von Walzer — 1808 – 1891 — Lost Dutchman Gold Route —
Near North Apache Trail at Old West Highway.
Dedicated October 1961 To the Memory of Jacob Von Walzer 1808 – 1891 One of America's most famed legendary figures, whose exploits have stimulated the imagination of peoples everywhere by his contribution to the heritage of his . . . — — Map (db m74394) HM
188 ► Arizona, Pinal County, Picacho — Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail / Camp 21: El Aquituni —
On Picacho Peak Road.
Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail While the American Revolution brewed on the Atlantic Coast, Spain expanded its New World empire to protect California against the British and Russians. In 1774, Juan Bautista de Anza, commander . . . — — Map (db m82941) HM
189 ► Arizona, Santa Cruz County, Lochiel — Fray Marcos De Niza —
On Duquesne Road 0.5 miles north of US / Mexico border, on the left when traveling west.
. . . — — Map (db m78426) HM
190 ► Arizona, Santa Cruz County, Nogales — Padre Eusebio Francisco Kino SJ —
Near West Kino Park Place.
Founder of Missions Man of God Pioneer Explorer Astronomer Rancher Teacher Cartographer 1645-1711 — — Map (db m27085) HM
191 ► Arizona, Santa Cruz County, Tubac — Juan Bautista de Anza — 1734 - 1788 —
On Burruel Street, on the right when traveling north.
Captain Juan Bautista de Anza, son and grandson of Presidial Captains of New Spain, was commander of the Tubac Presidio from 1759 to 1775, the year in which he lead an overland expedition to California to found San Francisco. In 1777 he became . . . — — Map (db m132594) HM
192 ► Arizona, Yavapai County, Bumble Bee — Mining in Arizona —
Near Interstate 17.
Mining was the lure that opened Arizona to Anglo-American settlement and, subsequently, led to its statehood. However, Arizona mining began with the Spanish discovery of the rich Planchas de Plata silver deposits just west of Nogales in 1736. In . . . — — Map (db m40777) HM
193 ► Arizona, Yavapai County, Prescott — Pauline Weaver — Truly a Great Man —
Near West Gurley Street.
Pioneer • Prospector • Scout • Guide Pauline Weaver Truly a Great Man Born in Tennessee in 1800 Died at Camp Verde June 21, 1867 He was born, lived and died on the frontier of this country, always in the ever advancing westward . . . — — Map (db m33051) HM
194 ► Arizona, Yavapai County, Prescott — Prescott's Beginnings: The First Mining District in Yavapai County —
On South Montezuma Street (Arizona Route 89), on the right when traveling west.
The City of Prescott had its beginnings in the Spring of 1863 when a party of explorers and would-be gold miners led by the famed Joseph R. Walker arrived near the headwaters of the Hassayampa River. On May 10, 1863, at a location some six miles . . . — — Map (db m20623) HM
195 ► Arizona, Yavapai County, Rimrock — Chaves Historic Trail —
On Beaver Creek Road (County Road 77) 1.1 miles east of Interstate 17, on the right when traveling west.
The Historic Chaves Trail passed near this location. The Chaves Trail is named for Lt. Col. J. Francisco Chaves, First Cavalry, New Mexico Volunteers who traveled north of here April 16-21, 1864 with two officers, thirty-five enlisted men, and . . . — — Map (db m132627) HM
196 ► Arizona, Yuma County, Yuma — Crossing Into History — Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail —
Near Prison Hill Road.
Eager to expand it's New World empire, Spain authorized a 1775-1776 expedition to settle the port of San Francisco. The expedition, lead by Juan Bautista de Anza, commander of the Royal Presidio of Tubac, traversed 1000 miles on foot, horseback, . . . — — Map (db m191836) HM
197 ► Arizona, Yuma County, Yuma — Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail —
Near Prison Hill Road 0.5 miles north of Harold C. Giss Parkway.
While the American Revolution brewed on the Atlantic Coast, Spain expanded its New World empire to protect California against the British and Russians. In 1774, Juan Bautista de Anza, commander of the Royal Presidio of Tubac, successfully explored . . . — — Map (db m158299) HM
198 ► Arizona, Yuma County, Yuma — U.S. Army of the West — Mormon Battalion — Longest Sustained March in U.S. Military History, 1846-1847 —
Near 12th Avenue 0.8 miles west of Water Street.
Between 1846 and 1848, the United States and Mexico went to war. One of the major directives of the United States during this war was to secure its western border and to occupy California and the territory of New Mexico. The government asked for . . . — — Map (db m22686) HM
199 ► Arkansas, Arkansas County, Arkansas Post — The European Settlement —
Near Old Post Road south of State Route 169.
The United States and several European powers vied for control of the lower Mississippi Valley. Arkansas Post was the key to that control. In 1541 Hernando de Soto explored the territory which is now Arkansas. Sieur de La Salle further . . . — — Map (db m108647) HM
200 ► Arkansas, Arkansas County, Arkansas Post National Memorial — First Post of Arkansas — 1686 — 1700 — The French Settlement of Henri de Tonti —
Near Old Post Road 0.8 miles south of State Route 169.
Spanish Explorer Hernan de Soto passed this way in 1542. Nearly 130 years later Father Marquette, the French missionary and explorer, reached the nearby mouth of the Arkansas. In 1682 Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle, claimed this territory for . . . — — Map (db m108407) HM

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Oct. 10, 2026