The passage to Tanacross was not possible due to low water levels. Captain Adams dropped Barnette, his trade goods and family on the banks of the Chena Slough. Captain Adams stayed long enough to construct two cabins. One was for . . . — — Map (db m256897) HM
Dedicated to the Pioneering Prospectors who developed the Fairbanks Mining District into the thriving community that we all enjoy today. The sacrifices of these hardworking men and women made it possible for past, present and future generations . . . — — Map (db m257481) HM
This drill was used in the Preacher Creek area during the early 20th Century, where it sat for decades until its restoration by Eagle Scout Seth Santoro of the Midnight Sun Council, Troop 92 in 2016. Drills were used to determine the presence . . . — — Map (db m257485) HM
Images and map are from the Tanana Gold Fields, published spring 1904
[Prospector photo captions, clockwise from top left, read]
George Purches • Thomas Gilmore • Jack Costa
Al Hilty & S.R. Weiss • Dave Cascaden • Frank Cleary • Fred . . . — — Map (db m257483) HM
Gravity stamp milling was the primary method for crushing ore prior to 1910. The purpose of the mill was to reduce gold-bearing rock (ore) into a high-value concentrate of gold. Mills generally consisted of several components: a stamp battery, . . . — — Map (db m257490) HM
[Historic photo captions, clockwise from top center, read]
• Prospector Felix Pedro, Discoverer of the Fairbanks Mining District
• Prospector using rocker box to recover gold
• Hoisting with a windlass at the prospect site
• . . . — — Map (db m257482) HM
Riverboats, bringing food and supplies to the miners on the creeks north of Fairbanks, plied the Chena River until the Tanana Valley Railroad was built in 1907.
To reach the gold-bearing gravels, early miners dug vertical shafts through 80-100 . . . — — Map (db m256489) HM
Tanana Indians
The Tanana River Athabascan Indians inhabited the watershed of the Tanana River Traditionally hunters and gatherers, they traveled over wide areas in their pursuit of food.
In the late eighteenth century the . . . — — Map (db m257143) HM
"I made the claim for this church that it meant light: that it meant more light here in Fairbanks."
-Archdeacon Hudson Stuck in the first service at St. Matthew's.
The Episcopal Church's activity in Alaska's vast interior had been . . . — — Map (db m257165) HM
Denali's high latitude (north of 63°) and high altitude (20,310 ft.) create intensely cold and windy conditions. Spring offered the optimal weather for approaching and climbing the mountain in 1913. Still, its remote location and frigid . . . — — Map (db m257234) HM
Sled Dogs in Territorial Alaska
Sled dogs provided Alaskans their main method of winter travel in the 1800s and early 1900s. The Siberian Husky and Alaskan Malamute were preferred breeds. People traveled by dogsled to
hunt, trap, and haul . . . — — Map (db m257253) HM
The Expedition Members
Episcopal Archdeacon Hudson Stuck and Harry Karstens co-led the expedition. Walter Harper and Robert Tatum completed the ascent team. Alaska Native youths John Fredson (Johnny Fred), who was Gwich'in, and Esaias . . . — — Map (db m257240) HM
Walter Harper was the son of the Koyukon Athabascan (Dena') woman Seentaána (Jenny), and the Irish prospector and trader Arthur Harper. He was born in 1892 at Nuchalawoyya, near Tanana, as the gold rush era was transforming Alaska. Jenny and . . . — — Map (db m257249) HM
Gold discoveries brought Alaska and the Yukon to the attention of the world. A series of stampedes occurred over more than three decades. Drawn by dreams of gold, men and women from many places and all walks of life participated in an adventure that . . . — — Map (db m59836) HM
The gold deposit found in 1902 north of present-day Fairbanks proved to be the richest in Alaska. Prospector Felix Pedro and trader E.T. Barnette played key roles in the discovery and initial rush. A second strike made the following summer . . . — — Map (db m59826) HM
This pole is one of two poles manufactured in 1951 as part of a campaign to properly mark the top of the Earth. After a grand tour of the United States, its twin was pushed out of the tail hatch of an Alaska Airlines DC-4 over the geographic North . . . — — Map (db m58912) HM
The intersection of Front and Franklin streets is the heart of downtown Juneau. On the site where the Triangle Building now stands, the first prospectors camped through the winter of 1880-81, establishing local government and planning the Juneau . . . — — Map (db m257948) HM
In 1880 a local inhabitant, Chief Kowee, revealed to prospectors Joe Juneau and Richard Harris the presence of gold in what is now named Gold Creek in Silver Bow Basin. The city of Juneau was founded there that year. The strike sparked the Juneau . . . — — Map (db m70765) HM
Tall Mountain, Taller Tails
Mt. McKinley has been under a cloud of controversy since the first summit attempts in the early 1900s. Many mountaineers saw this wild and uncharted territory with one thought in mind – being the first to . . . — — Map (db m311404) HM
In 1898, the U.S. Army searched for routes from Prince William
Sound to the Interior. Captain Edwin F. Glenn and his men passed
near here on their way from Cook Inlet to the Tanana River. Some of his
soldiers suffered great hardships.
The . . . — — Map (db m255281) HM
Tlingit people established ties to this place long ago and those ties, though altered, remain.
The Land and the Tlingit
The ocean and the forest met the Tlingit peoples' needs as they moved from summer fish camps to autumn hunting grounds . . . — — Map (db m181331) HM
Hoping to prevent a famine, the Canadian government refused to permit anyone to enter Canada without a year's supply of food. This farsighted measure probably worked, but it burdened every stampeder with a load which weighed nearly a ton. . . . — — Map (db m257813) HM
Beginning in July 1897, gold rush fever propelled thousands of hopeful prospectors to Mooresville, which, despite the homestead, quickly became a crowded tent city. The Moores maintained an early hold on the traffic the White Pass Trail, but . . . — — Map (db m257786) HM
In June 1887, Captain William Moore and Native guide, Skookum Jim Mason (Keish), scouted the relatively unknown Tlingit route through the coastal mountains to what became known as the White Pass leading to the Canadian interior. . . . — — Map (db m257782) HM
Skagway was originally spelled S-K-A-G-U-A, a Tlingit Indian word for “windy place.” The first people in the area were Tlingits from the Chilkoot and Chilkat villages in the Haines-Klukwan area. From a fish camp in nearby Dyea, they used the . . . — — Map (db m69128) HM
Sullivan's was in a wooded dip among the low hills We were getting into the foothills of the Range now. The roadhouse was low and sprawling, so comfortable looking, larger than the others so far, with a wing extending out the back. Pa Sullivan . . . — — Map (db m255636) HM
Placer mining during the Gold Rush included finding gold bearing gravels, digging them out
of the ground, and separating the heavier gold from the gravel. It was hard, back-breaking
work.
Finding a Pay Streak
Placer gold can be dust, . . . — — Map (db m255863) HM
After the Klondike rush, prospectors searched many other places for gold. They made rich
discoveries near Fairbanks and many smaller discoveries in the upper Tanana Valley. The Tenderfoot discovery near here in 1905 led to a small stampede. . . . — — Map (db m255883) HM
In November of 1776 a party of Spanish explorers and Indian guides passed through this area on their way to the Zuni Mission in what is now New Mexico. Franciscan Fathers, Francisco Atanasio Dominquez and Silvestre Velez De Escalante, had embarked . . . — — Map (db m36577) HM
.......On this site in the year of 1877, Sgt. Jack Dunn,
with a detail of the Tenth U.S. Cavalry pursuing renegade Apaches, discovered rich out croppings of copper & silver ore. The discovery led to the staking of the first mining claim & the . . . — — Map (db m48561) HM
In March 1854, Lt. John Parke of the Topographical Engineer Corps led a survey party in search of an all-weather route for the transcontinental railroad. After a march of 55 waterless miles through Sulphur Springs Valley, the party entered Apache . . . — — Map (db m100812) HM
Spanish:
En el año 1539, recordando aún el anuncio de la conquista del imperio inca que occurrió en 1533, el virrey Antonio de Mendoza receloso pero con te a la vez, envió a un sacerdote para comprobar los rumres [rumores] sobre ricas . . . — — Map (db m28255) HM
Prospector and miner, whose discoveries of silver in 1877 and 1878 at the Tombstone, Lucky Cuss, Goodenough, Toughnut and Contention mining claims led to the founding of the City of Tombstone.
This statue, created by sculptor Tim Trask of St. . . . — — Map (db m249810) HM
In 1857 Congress authorized Navy Lieutenant Edward F. Beale to survey a wagon road along the 35th parallel from Fort Defiance, New Mexico Territory, to the Colorado River. A secondary mission was to test the feasibility of using camels in the . . . — — Map (db m33348) HM
Another life-long employee of Lowell Observatory, Henry is best remembered for his Proper Motion Study of 1971, which entailed repeating the Pluto search plates after 25 years to determine whatever changes had taken place in the background of . . . — — Map (db m149456) HM
Lowell Observatory has been designated a Registered National Historic Landmark Under the provisions of the Historic Sites Act of August 21, 1935 this site possesses exceptional value in commemorating or illustrating the History of The . . . — — Map (db m149455) HM
A gift to the Observatory from President A. Lawrence Lowell through this instrument the ninth planet Pluto was first found in 1930 ”It means a planet out there as yet unseen by Man, but certain sometime to be detected and added to the . . . — — Map (db m149454) HM
The mountain in the distance, known as the San Francisco Peaks, soars to an elevation of 12,633 feet. Mr. C. Hart Merriam, while leading a scientific expedition to the Peaks in 1889, developed the concept of life zones. These zones describe how . . . — — Map (db m263186) HM
A worn and hungry band of Spanish explorers made camp at Johnson Wash, six miles to the east, on October 21, 1776. Fathers Dominguez and Escalante called it Santa Barbara. They found no water for horses or the men who were subsisting on meager . . . — — Map (db m94920) HM
Each year thousands of hikers enter Grand Canyon on the Bright Angel Trail. They follow a tradition - and a trail route - established by prehistoric people. For centuries humans have used this route for two key reasons: water and access. Water . . . — — Map (db m39563) HM
Artist Thomas Moran was a storehouse of pictures. In 1873, geologist John Wesley Powell invited Moran to accompany his geologic survey of the Grand Canyon region. For Moran, the canyon was "by far the most awfully grand and impressive scene." As a . . . — — Map (db m250577) HM
The first Chief Topographic Engineer of the U.S. Geological Survey 1919-1929 and the first President of the American Society of Photogrammetry 1934. He headed a Geological Survey expedition through the Grand Canyon in 1923 to acquire information . . . — — Map (db m157000) HM
This monument honors Major John Wesley Powell, the leader of the first documented expedition through Grand Canyon. Imagine entering the depths of Grand Canyon down a roaring, not-yet-charted river, not knowing whether you will emerge. Because . . . — — Map (db m108883) HM
The Kolb Brothers: daring, persistent, Grand Canyon legends. Their studio stands before you.
Ellsworth Kolb arrived here in 1901, Emery in 1902. First located in a tent, their photo business grew with Grand Canyon tourism. They eventually . . . — — Map (db m39549) HM
In 1890 prospector Pete Berry staked the Last Chance copper claim 3,000 feet below you on Horseshoe Mesa. The Last Chance Mine began a 17-year flurry of activity here at Grandview Point.
For a while the Last Chance Mine thrived. The ore was . . . — — Map (db m39662) HM
This boat is an exact replica of the boat used by John Wesley Powell in his historic voyage through the Grand Canyon.
In 1869, Powell and his intrepid crew managed to survive the rapids in the Grand Canyon of the Colorado by lining and . . . — — Map (db m285526) HM
Near here in late summer of 1540, soldiers from the Spanish expedition of Francisco Vasquez de Coronado became the first Europeans to see Grand Canyon.
After journeying for six months, Coronado's army arrived at the Hopi mesas, east of . . . — — Map (db m125895) HM
Text from: Historical Markers with The Arizona Department of Transportation right of way. Prepared by: Roadside Development Section April 1, 1997
Fatigued by a thirty mile ride, the padres picked their way down the rocky north slope . . . — — Map (db m39917) HM
In desperate search for a crossing of the Colorado River before the wild storms of winter might further weaken their starving bodies, Fathers Dominguez and Escalante led their expedition past this point on October 26, 1776.
Five days were spent . . . — — Map (db m94896) HM
For more than 100 years, Lonely Dell Ranch has meant different
things to those who traveled here. To pioneers and missionaries, it was
an isolated settlement offering small comfort during a long journey
further south. To the families who lived . . . — — Map (db m289772) HM
Within sight of this place the Franciscan priests Dominguez and Escalante and their ten companions experienced two of the most difficult challenges among many along the 1,800 miles of their epic journey from the Spanish presidio at Santa Fe, New . . . — — Map (db m40324) HM
A slightly larger, but reasonable replica of the 16 ft. pine rowboat in which Major John Wesley Powell first explored the canyons of the Colorado River in 1869. This craft was constructed by Walt Disney Productions and used in the river running . . . — — Map (db m40323) HM
Major John Wesley Powell 1834-1902 Explorer of the Colorado River 1869 and 1871-72 On August 3, 1869, Powell wrote in his journal: ”…we have a curious ensemble of wonderful features — carved walls, royal arches, glens, alcove . . . — — Map (db m155893) HM
Although the official discovery of Rainbow Bridge did not occur until 1909, there is convincing evidence that prospectors stumbled upon the bridge in the late 1880s. (Certainly JW Powell did not know about the bridge as he floated down the Colorado . . . — — Map (db m254683) HM
One of Coronado's lieutenants, Captain Garcia Lopez de Cardenas, discovered the Grand Canyon in 1540. In the fall of 1776 an exploring group led by two Spanish priests, Dominguez and Escalante, were the first Europeans to see Glen Canyon. John . . . — — Map (db m254671) HM
They dominate the horizon, rising 12,633 feet (3851 m) to Arizona's highest point. Visible for miles from all directions, they stand guard over a land which has long sustained people in spirit and natural resources. All of the region's Native . . . — — Map (db m41664) HM
Erupting less than 1,000 years ago, Sunset Crater is the youngest in an impressive field of volcanoes all around you. The 1,000-foot-high (305m) cinder cone we see today formed when basalt magma rose directly to the surface through a primary vent. . . . — — Map (db m41665) HM
When a volcanic eruption occurred near what is now Flagstaff, Arizona, people lost homes and lands they had cultivated for at least 400 years. A major life events for locals, the eruption was also visible to large population centers across the . . . — — Map (db m61325) HM
This mountain was named for a colorful mountaineer, guide, and trapper who is generally credited with being the first American to explore northern Arizona – 1830 or earlier. Williams lived at different times among the Osage and Ute Indians, . . . — — Map (db m33418) HM
"Old Bill" was born January 3, 1787 in North Carolina. He died March 24, 1849. In that 62 year life span he did a heap of living, most of it in the wilderness. In the late 1700's and early 1800's the mountain men were trappers. In the quest of fine . . . — — Map (db m205150) HM
The Route of:
Coronado in search of the Fabled Seven Cities of Cibola. 1540
————
James O. Pattie and other famous trappers along the Gila River.
1825-26
————
Gen. Stephen W. Kearny and . . . — — Map (db m48612) HM
In January of 1825, a trapper named James O. Pattie, ascended this river and with one companion in 14 days trapped 250 beavers. This was the first known penetration of Arizona by American citizens. — — Map (db m36372) HM
Jacob Waltz was born in the kingdom of Wurttemberg Germany circa 1810. He immigrated to the USA in 1839 and became a naturalized citizen in 1864. Waltz was prospecting in Arizona and is reputed to have found a gold deposit near the superstition . . . — — Map (db m74397) HM
Western anchor of a military road across Northern Arizona. Near here in 1858 Beale's camel expedition was ferried across the Colorado River on the steamer General Jessup. The fort was abandoned at the start of the Civil War. Was activated again in . . . — — Map (db m274460) HM
Founded in 1862 with the discovery of silver, Chloride became the first mining town of the Cerbat Mountains. During it's heyday, 1900 to 1920, the population swelled to over 2000 with 75 mines in operation. Chloride was the first incorporated town . . . — — Map (db m31845) HM
Pipe Spring 1859 — Arrived about noon hungry, tired, and thirsty. I now treated myself to a good drink of water, took breakfast & rested myself… Plenty of feed and good water at this place. —Thales Haskell, 25-year-old Mormon . . . — — Map (db m149367) HM
Many high places you see jutting out along the Vermilion Cliffs had to be climbed by this team of federal surveyors in winter 1872–73. Explorer John Wesley Powell often camped and resupplied at Pipe Spring. From here the survey team set up . . . — — Map (db m149400) HM
Here on August 28 1869, Seneca Howland, O.G. Howland and William H. Dunn separated from the original Powell party, climbed to the north rim and were killed by the Indians.
For further authentic information see “Colorado River Controversies” . . . — — Map (db m155772) HM
The Old Spanish Trail, the main trade route between Santa Fe and Los Angeles, passed this way beginning in 1829. At the end of the Mexican-American War this portion of the route evolved into what was variously known as the Salt Lake Road, the . . . — — Map (db m78535) HM
First exploration probably by early Spanish explorers, Espejo in 1582 and Farfan in 1589. Explored later by Lt. Amiel W. Whipple in 1854. Important agriculture, mining, milling, and smelting area in our early days. The McCrackin Mine discovered by . . . — — Map (db m68947) HM
U.S. Army Lt. Amiel Whipple, surveying for a railroad route along the 35th Parallel about one mile south of here, passed down the broad sandy wash below in December 1853. Impressed with the deposits of petrified wood visible along the banks, Whipple . . . — — Map (db m72924) HM
This monument marks a segment of an early road across northern Arizona following the 35th parallel-transcontinental survey. The route evolved from several pathfinding expeditions: Lt. Amiel W. Whipple's 1853-54 railroad survey; Lt. Edward F. Beale's . . . — — Map (db m236476) HM
This monument marks a segment of an early road across northern Arizona following the 35th parallel-transcontinental survey. The route evolved from several pathfinding expeditions: Lt. Amiel W. Whipple's 1853-54 railroad survey; Lt. Edward F. Beale's . . . — — Map (db m236470) HM
This is a Papago word meaning, mountain shaped like a carrying basket.
Discovery of a pocket of gold and silver ore led to a fabulous boom development here in 1883.
The desert has reclaimed the original site and its suburbs of Logan . . . — — Map (db m7002) HM
In this part of America, the first documented European contact with American Indians occurred in the late 1600s when the Jesuits established missions along the rivers near here.
Padre Eusebio Kino and his fellow missionaries first visited the . . . — — Map (db m250032) HM
Memorial to Francisco Garcés, explorer and first Franciscan missionary to the Pima village at the foot of Sentinel Peak. In 1770 Garcés and the Pimas constructed at that site the first substantial building in Tucson, a mission residence with two . . . — — Map (db m83034) HM
Commandant Inspector
of the
Interior Provinces of New Spain
Hugo O'Conor
Founder of the
Presidio San Agustin de Tucson
August 20, 1775
Hugh O'Conor was born in Ireland in 1734 during a time in Irish history when England . . . — — Map (db m31548) HM
Born Segno, Italy, 1645 – Educated at Jesuit Colleges
Entered society of Jesus, 1665 – His petition to be sent upon
a distant and dangerous mission granted, 1678 – Began missionary labors in Lower California, April 1, 1683 . . . — — Map (db m26394) HM
Dedicated October 1961
To the Memory of
Jacob Von Walzer
1808 – 1891
One of America's most famed legendary figures, whose exploits have stimulated the imagination of peoples everywhere by his contribution to the heritage of his . . . — — Map (db m74394) HM
Juan Bautista de Anza
National Historic Trail
While the American Revolution brewed on the Atlantic Coast, Spain expanded its New World empire to protect California against the British and Russians. In 1774, Juan Bautista de Anza, commander . . . — — Map (db m82941) HM
Captain Juan Bautista de Anza, son and grandson of Presidial Captains of New Spain, was commander of the Tubac Presidio from 1759 to 1775, the year in which he lead an overland expedition to California to found San Francisco. In 1777 he became . . . — — Map (db m132594) HM
Mining was the lure that opened Arizona to Anglo-American settlement and, subsequently, led to its statehood. However, Arizona mining began with the Spanish discovery of the rich Planchas de Plata silver deposits just west of Nogales in 1736. In . . . — — Map (db m40777) HM
Pioneer • Prospector • Scout • Guide
Pauline Weaver
Truly a Great Man
Born in Tennessee in 1800
Died at Camp Verde
June 21, 1867
He was born, lived and died on the frontier of this country, always in the ever advancing westward . . . — — Map (db m33051) HM
The City of Prescott had its beginnings in the Spring of 1863 when a party of explorers and would-be gold miners led by the famed Joseph R. Walker arrived near the headwaters of the Hassayampa River. On May 10, 1863, at a location some six miles . . . — — Map (db m20623) HM
The Historic Chaves Trail passed near this location. The Chaves Trail is named for Lt. Col. J. Francisco Chaves, First Cavalry, New Mexico Volunteers who traveled north of here April 16-21, 1864 with two officers, thirty-five enlisted men, and . . . — — Map (db m132627) HM
Eager to expand it's New World empire, Spain authorized a 1775-1776 expedition to settle the port of San Francisco. The expedition, lead by Juan Bautista de Anza, commander of the Royal Presidio of Tubac, traversed 1000 miles on foot, horseback, . . . — — Map (db m191836) HM
While the American Revolution brewed on the Atlantic Coast, Spain expanded its New World empire to protect California against the British and Russians. In 1774, Juan Bautista de Anza, commander of the Royal Presidio of Tubac, successfully explored . . . — — Map (db m158299) HM
Between 1846 and 1848, the United States and Mexico went to war. One of the major directives of the United States during this war was to secure its western border and to occupy California and the territory of New Mexico. The government asked for . . . — — Map (db m22686) HM
The United States and several European powers vied for control of the lower Mississippi Valley. Arkansas Post was the key to that control.
In 1541 Hernando de Soto explored the territory which is now Arkansas. Sieur de La Salle further . . . — — Map (db m108647) HM
Spanish Explorer Hernan de Soto passed this way in 1542. Nearly
130 years later Father Marquette, the French missionary and explorer,
reached the nearby mouth of the Arkansas. In 1682 Robert Cavelier,
Sieur de la Salle, claimed this territory for . . . — — Map (db m108407) HM
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