The town of Bridgewater was a center of Confederate logistical activity during the Civil War. It also sent one company of infantry, the Bridgewater Grays, to the 10th Virginia Infantry Regiment, which fought in most of the major battles in Virginia . . . — — Map (db m16438) HM
After his victory at the Battle of McDowell on May 8, 1862, Gen. Stonewall Jackson made plans to attack another Federal force in the Shenandoah Valley. Earlier he had ordered Col. John D. Imboden to burn the bridges at Mount Crawford and Bridgewater . . . — — Map (db m253488) HM
Confederate soldiers appeared to walk on water on May 19, 1862, as they crossed the North River in front of you on a makeshift bridge. The existing span had been burned, and spring rains made the water too deep to ford, so the Confederates pushed . . . — — Map (db m256722) HM
Founded near this site in 1880, the college is now located 4.3 miles east in the town of Bridgewater. This liberal arts college is affiliated with the Church of the Brethren. It grew out of the Spring Creek Normal School and Collegiate Institute and . . . — — Map (db m32107) HM
Bridgewater
Historic District
has been registered as a
Virginia
Historic
Landmark
pursuant to the authority vested in the
Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission
Act of 1966 — — Map (db m236119) HM
In its 82 year history, the Warm Springs Turnpike was used by many noted travelers. Daniel Boone, when an old man, used the road when he visited the sons of his boyhood friend Henry Miller at Mossy Creek Ironworks to the south of Bridgewater. He . . . — — Map (db m254774) HM
Rockingham County. Area 876 Square Miles. Formed in 1778 from Augusta, and named for the Marquis of Rockingham, British statesman. John Sevier, of Tennessee, was born in this county. In it took place the battles of Cross Keys . . . — — Map (db m88642) HM
Rockingham County. Rockingham County was formed from Augusta County in 1777. Harrisonburg was established as the county seat in 1780. Settlers migrating south and west along the Great Wagon Road, a route first developed by Native Americans, . . . — — Map (db m307403) HM
William Henry Sipe was born in northern Rockingham County, but he found his place here. For decades in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, he operated a successful general store on this site. He also served as Bridgewater's representative to . . . — — Map (db m236116) HM
This building was erected 1962-63 and dedicated 1964. It honors the memory of Alexander Mack Sr., follower of Christ, leader of men, and seeker after truth who was founder and first minister of the Church of the Brethren. He was born at . . . — — Map (db m98084) HM
The Litten Water Gardens at Edgebriar Park
are named in appreciation of
Frances Ann and Donald D. Litten.
Mrs. Litten, a nationally accredited flower show judge and
president of the Round Hill Garden Club, enthusiastically
promoted . . . — — Map (db m259889) HM
As you travel this path, which connects two halves of Bridgewater, be mindful of the path's namesake.
Roscoe E. Burgess, Sr. was a legend in this Town. He was handily elected to Council six times; he was tireless in service to community . . . — — Map (db m241227) HM
(Front of Monument):At This Place Eld John Kline Was Killed June 15, 1864 (Reverse of Monument):Erected in the Year 1914 In Memory of Elder John Kline A Peace Martyr This parcel of ground, 10 feet square, is se- cured by deed and is . . . — — Map (db m15632) HM
Approximately 150 yards north of this marker is the site of the first meeting house built by the Mennonites in Virginia.
The first building, a log structure of 20 x 25 feet, was erected in 1822 according to local tradition and given the name . . . — — Map (db m173211) HM
"All good citizens must deplore such a lawless wreaking of vengeance upon the person of an unarmed old man. Such things show how rapidly we are drifting into scenes which must be full of terror for us all." —Rockingham Register, June 24, . . . — — Map (db m304702) HM
Mennonites first entered the northern Shenandoah
Valley about 1730 and settled in present-day
Rockingham and Augusta Counties by the 1770s.
They initially worshiped in private houses. The
original Trissels Church (also known as Brush
Church) . . . — — Map (db m173210) HM
This flagpole is dedicated to: Sgt. Claude Reedy of New Market, VA, who died in a POW Camp in Korea Jan. 1951 and…
And to: Pvt. James "Pete" McKenzie of Quicksburg, VA killed in action . . . — — Map (db m158145) WM
In honor of all Veterans who served their country and dedicated to the men and women of this area who served our country in World War I — World War II — Korea — Vietnam — Desert Storm — and peace keeping missions, and . . . — — Map (db m158147) WM
Early on June 8, 1862, Union commander Gen. John C. Frémont
viewed the field at Cross Keys and without proper reconnaissance
assumed that Gen. Richard S. Ewell’s left flank was the strong side
of the Confederate line. Frémont ordered his . . . — — Map (db m25549) HM
Confederate Gen. Richard S. Ewell had five artillery batteries with him at Cross Keys. Four batteries and a 2-gun section (about 18 guns total) were massed on the ridgeline to your front. At the time of the battle on June 8, 1862, the ridge was . . . — — Map (db m25550) HM
During the Civil War, this battlefield contained some of the most productive
farmland in the Shenandoah Valley and Virginia, as it does today. At
the time of the battle, these fields were in stands of wheat, buckwheat, rye,
corn, and clover. . . . — — Map (db m25551) HM
General R.S. Ewell with 8,000 soldiers of General Stonewall Jackson's army repulsed a Federal attacking column of 10,500 under General John C. Frémont. After initial success the Federals were checked by the fire of Confederate artillery. Attacks by . . . — — Map (db m46563) HM
On June 8, 1862, Confederate Gen. Isaac R, Trimble led part of the 15th Alabama Infantry Regiment through the then-swampy ravine in front of you to attack Union Gen. Louis Blenker’s division. Trimble intended to move around the 54th New York . . . — — Map (db m154621) HM
After repulsing the initial Union attack, Confederate Gen. Isaac R. Trimble’s brigade heavily engaged two brigades of Union Gen. Louis Blenker’s division near here on June 8, 1862.
During the afternoon fighting, Col. James A. Walker’s . . . — — Map (db m154622) HM
Many immigrants fought for the North and the South during the Civil War. Their numbers were especially high in Gen. Louis Blenker’s division of Gen. John C. Fremont’s Union army at Cross Keys on June 8, 1862.
Two Germans (Gen. Henry Bohlen and . . . — — Map (db m154624) HM
On June 8, 1862, during the Battle of Cross Keys, Gen. Isaac R. Trimble’s Confederate brigade of a little more than 1,500 men occupied this line, a masked position behind a split-rail fence in what was then a wood line to your right and left. . . . — — Map (db m159602) HM
"A cannon-ball came bursting through the graveyard fence."
- New York Times correspondent Charles H. Webb
Gunfire crackled out in the cemetery to your left as Confederate skirmishers from the 15th Alabama retreated through the . . . — — Map (db m280004) HM
Here, June 8, 1862, Gen. J. C. Fremont—pursuing Gen. T. J. “Stonewall” Jackson—was checked by Gen. R. S. Ewell with part of Jackson’s army, which lay towards Port Republic. Federals engaged: 12,750, killed and wounded: 684. Confederates engaged: . . . — — Map (db m4056) HM
This cemetery and adjoining church yard were part of the 450 acre farm of John Kiblinger. Deeded to trustees of the Union Church by his son Jacob Kiblinger. Deed book 19, page 342 — — Map (db m236255) HM
Midday
The members of the 8th New York were advancing jauntily across this clover-filled field when, reaching this point, the world suddenly turned upside down. "The thickets [behind the fence] stirred suddenly [and] southern riflemen rose . . . — — Map (db m270021) HM
Early Morning
On the morning of the Battle of Cross Keys, the 15th Alabama was posted here as an advance picket for the Confederate army, isolated from and far north of other southern troops. Most of the regiment was initially positioned on . . . — — Map (db m275662) HM
Midday
Confederate Gen. Isaac Trimble’s brigade were first positioned a half mile behind you. Unhappy with that ground, Trimble personally scouted ahead and found this strong defensive position behind a fence, with a field of clover in . . . — — Map (db m270013) HM
Midday
As the members of the 8th New York advanced, blind to the danger in front of them, the Confederates marveled at their precision. "The Germans came marching across the clover field in beautiful line..." one recalled. "The Colonel . . . — — Map (db m270032) HM
Among the troops defending this ridgeline during the battle were the 1st Maryland Infantry Regiment (Confederate) and the Baltimore Light Artillery, both positioned on the western end of the Confederate line, about 600 yards to your right. During . . . — — Map (db m275695) HM
This church, Mill Creek Church of the Brethren, stands on the site of an antebellum house of worship that, during the Battle of Cross Keys on June 8, 1862, was used as a hospital. Amputated arms and legs were dropped outside from a window and piled . . . — — Map (db m154641) HM
This church, Mill Creek Church of the Brethren, stands on the site of an antebellum house of worship that, during the Battle of Cross Keys on June 8, 1862, was used as a hospital. Amputated arms and legs were dropped outside from a window and . . . — — Map (db m279977) HM
Mid-Morning to Mid-Afternoon
After advancing to this area, Union commander Gen. John C. Fremont's forces deployed on a line that began here and stretched nearly a mile and a half to your left. Although the Federal soldiers here could see . . . — — Map (db m275664) HM
Mid-Afternoon
You're standing on Mill Creek Ridge, the main Confederate defensive line during the battle and the target of a Union assault in the afternoon.
Generals Robert H. Milroy and Robert C. Schenck commanded the Union forces . . . — — Map (db m275749) HM
Mid-Afternoon
As Milroy stabbed at the Confederate defenses, Gen. Robert Schenck, on Milroy's right, moved forward more cautiously, fearful of being flanked - although he had a golden opportunity to outflank the Confederates. Schenck . . . — — Map (db m279826) HM
Early Morning
On the morning of June 8, 1862, members of the 15th Alabama scrambled up the slope in front of you, chased by Union troops and harried by Union fire.
The Alabamians began the morning a mile to your front around Union . . . — — Map (db m275684) HM
Midday
Union commander Gen. John C. Fremont chose to make his main attack on this side of the battlefield, with hopes of outflanking the Confederate right and cutting off their line of retreat. Unfortunately, that flank had moved just 75 yards . . . — — Map (db m270095) HM
Early Morning
On the morning of June 8, 1862, a long line of Union troops filed past on the road to your left, turned right at this intersection to deploy into lines of battle. Facing them, on the high ground of Mill Creek Ridge, a mile and . . . — — Map (db m275638) HM
Early Afternoon
After repulsing the advance of the 8th New York at the Widow Pence farm, Confederate Gen. Isaac Trimble looked for new enemies to fight. Observing "a battery on the enemy's left" - four cannon under Union Capt. Frank Buell . . . — — Map (db m279823) HM
Midday
As the surviving members of the 8th New York streamed backwards in panicked retreat, many Confederates scrambled over the fence and pursued, screaming out the Rebel yell. Members of the 16th Mississippi who had manned this stretch of . . . — — Map (db m279833) HM
Evening
When the fighting near here ended in mid-afternoon, the sounds of battle could still be heard a mile to your left, where Union forces were advancing towards Mill Creek Ridge. But by dusk that fighting also ended. Union commander Gen. . . . — — Map (db m279821) HM
Following Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson’s victory at Winchester, Union troops pursued the Confederates south, “up” the Shenandoah Valley. While Gen. John C. Fremont advanced on the Valley Turnpike, another Union force, led by Gen. James . . . — — Map (db m254790) HM
Midday
As the advancing Federals climbed out of the hollow to your front, first the top of their heads became visible, then, gradually, their entire bodies, The Confederates crowded this fence line, their "fingers on the triggers" as the . . . — — Map (db m279058) HM
The Confederate defensive line was centered around a powerful group of cannon positioned on the ridgeline to your right, including Courtney's, Raine's, Rice's, and Lusk's batteries. Another battery, the Baltimore Light Artillery under Capt. John . . . — — Map (db m279829) HM
Midday
The fence line you see in the distance is the site of the "Slaughter of the 8th New York," the decisive action during the Battle of Cross Keys.
At the beginning of the battle, Confederate Gen. Isaac Trimble's troops manned the . . . — — Map (db m270127) HM
Mid-Morning
You're standing near the right end of the Confederate line at the beginning of the battle. Three regiments of Gen. Isaac Trimble's brigade were deployed here: the 21st North Carolina to your left, protecting Confederate cannon, . . . — — Map (db m275674) HM
The Battle of Cross Keys was fought on a Sunday. When the battle began, Confederate soldiers were inside Union Church, the house of worship that stood on the site of the present structure. A southern cavalry scout wrote, "At the fire of the first . . . — — Map (db m275656) HM
Mid-Afternoon
As the fighting moved north on this part of the battlefield, the high ground some 400 yards to your front was manned by Union Gen. Henry Bohlen's brigade. After the Federals were pushed off the wooded hill to your left, . . . — — Map (db m279822) HM
Birthplace of a University
With a vision for educating the children of Dayton in the post-Civil War years, Rev. Abram Paul Funkhouser and Jay Newton Fries started a primary school in 1875 with 20 young scholars. The gentlemen named the . . . — — Map (db m280275) HM
During the Civil War, the Daniel Bowman Mill occupied this site, grinding wheat brought here by Rockingham County farmers. The county was part of the prosperous agricultural region known as the “breadbasket of the Confederacy.” It was no . . . — — Map (db m129377) HM
In the fall of 1864, attacks by Confederate raiders and bushwhackers angered Federal officers in the Shenandoah Valley. On September 22, Union soldiers captured a hapless man named Davy Getz near Woodstock who was wearing civilian clothes and . . . — — Map (db m268017) HM
In the fall of 1864, attacks by Confederate raiders and bushwhackers angered Federal officers in the Shenandoah Valley. On September 22, Union soldiers captured a hapless man named Davy Getz near Woodstock who was wearing civilian clothes and . . . — — Map (db m280373) HM
A Thriving Town Center
At the beginning of the 20th Century, Dayton was a bustling town - with seven general stores, three blacksmiths, and at least three doctors. The Waverly Hotel was situated near the center of downtown, and guests in . . . — — Map (db m280283) HM
As the sun set and rain drops drizzled onto the grassy hill ahead of you on the evening of October 3, 1864, Union Lt. John Rodgers Meigs was killed in a fight with three Confederate scouts. His death unleashed a firestorm of retaliation. . . . — — Map (db m280055) HM
Here on the old Swift Run Gap Road on the evening of October 3, 1864, Union Lt. John Rodgers Meigs was killed in a fight with three Confederate scouts guided by local resident Pvt. Benjamin F. “Frank” Shaver, 1st Virginia Cavalry. Meigs, of Gen. . . . — — Map (db m15121) HM
The death of Union Lt. John R. Meigs, near the granite marker on the hill in front of you, unleashed a firestorm of retaliation. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, erroneously told that civilian “bushwhackers” had killed Meigs, reported to Gen. U.S. Grant . . . — — Map (db m15123) HM
A 1749 Augusta County Deed Book document refers to "Harrison's stonehouse" and is the longstanding basis for dating the original limestone portion of the house as 1749. Dendrochronology studies in 2019 examined oak attic beams, and results . . . — — Map (db m280664) HM
The first church in Rockingham County was built on this site in 1747 on land owned by Captain Daniel Harrison of the colonial militia. Serving as a "Chapel of Ease" for Augusta Parish, the first building is believed to have been built of logs. The . . . — — Map (db m32106) HM
Daniel Harrison settled about 1745 at the headwaters of Cook’s Creek where it is believed he built the stone portion of the present house. During the decades 1750-1770, when this area was the frontier of the colony, the house served the settlers as . . . — — Map (db m16441) HM
Religious Dissenters
After his famed 1716 expedition to the crest of the Blue Ridge Mountains, Governor Alexander Spotswood decided to encourage settlement of the Virginia's western frontier by religious dissenters-such as Presbyterians, . . . — — Map (db m280272) HM
In Honor and Remembrance
of the heroes and victims in the
fight against terrorism
and to celebrate the
enduring spirit of all Americans — — Map (db m280320) WM
"The most important event for poultry in Virginia and probably the whole world occurred in 1885 when a young man by the name of Sam Blosser was found putting thermometers under hens, sitting around and watching them all day, and even sleeping . . . — — Map (db m280321) HM
Innovator & Entrepreneur
This plaque is in honor of Samuel H. Blosser, whose innovation and ingenuity contributed not only to the history of the Town of Dayton, but to the entire poultry industry in Rockingham County and Virginia. . . . — — Map (db m280332) HM
Living first at Oyster Bay on New York's Long Island, the English family of Isaiah Harrison moved on to Delaware where he owned substantial acreage. About 1732, the family moved south, landing by ship at the port of Alexandria. From there, they . . . — — Map (db m280644) HM
In memory of Lt. Col. Thomas F. Wildes, 116th Ohio Regiment, who, when ordered by Gen. Sheridan to burn the town of Dayton, Va. in retaliation for the death of a Union officer, refused to obey that order, risking court-martial and disgrace. His . . . — — Map (db m88643) HM
Early Shenandoah Valley settlers took advantage of abundant springs to supply fresh water for their families, livestock and crops. Daniel Harrison chose to build his substantial stone house overlooking Cooks Creek and a prominent spring, located . . . — — Map (db m280646) HM
Dayton is the birthplace of Shenandoah University,
which traces its origins to a school established
by the Rev. Abram P. Funkhouser in 1875. Known
in its early years as Shenandoah Seminary, the
coeducational institution benefited from . . . — — Map (db m173164) HM
The First Settlers
When Daniel Harrison and wife Margaret settled here about 1745, they were among the earliest wave of pioneers west of the Blue Ridge Mountains. Their home, along the banks of Cook's Creek, became a center of frontier . . . — — Map (db m280345) HM
Music, Sports, Drama & More
Music has played an important part in the social life of the Dayton community since shortly after the Civil War. The Rockingham Register newspaper reported that a "May Fest" had been held on the south edge of . . . — — Map (db m280305) HM
The Town of Dayton, formerly known as Rifetown, did not exist when Daniel Harrison and his family settled here in the 1740s. He chose to build his stone house overlooking the creek which served as a valuable water source for his farm.
Over . . . — — Map (db m280667) HM
This plaque designates the former location of Shenandoah College and Shenandoah Conservatory of Music and is dedicated in honor of the community that served the many students, faculty, and staff who passed through its halls. The new campus and . . . — — Map (db m238470) HM
English American settler Daniel Harrison owned
hundreds of acres in this area in the mid-18th century.
and Presbyterians built Cooks Creek Church near
here ca. 1750. German Baptist Brethren began moving
to the Shenandoah Valley from Maryland . . . — — Map (db m207784) HM
This is the approximate site where Union Lt. John Rodgers Meigs was killed in a fight with three Confederate scouts on October 3, 1864. In retaliation, General Philip H. Sheridan ordered that buildings over a large area, including the town of . . . — — Map (db m15140) HM
The Summer Kitchen, a reconstruction completed by Fort Harrison, Inc. in 1998, is the only remaining 19th-century outbuilding. The original structure was likely built in the 1860s or 1870s during the ownership of Solomon Burtner. The extended . . . — — Map (db m280651) HM
On October 6, 1864, Union soldiers approached this mill on their march from Harrisonburg to Broadway during “The Burning.” This was U.S. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan’s two-week campaign to end the Valley’s role as the “Breadbasket of the Confederacy.” . . . — — Map (db m39329) HM
Circa 1800
is listed in the
National Register
of Historic Places
by the
United States
Department of the Interior
☆ ☆ ☆
Circa 1800
is registered as a
Virginia Historic Landmark
Pursuant to . . . — — Map (db m280380) HM
On October 6, 1864, Union soldiers approached this mill on their march from Harrisonburg to Broadway during “The Burning.” This was U.S. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan’s two-week campaign to end the Valley’s role as the “Breadbasket of the Confederacy.” . . . — — Map (db m280440) HM
Near Edom, Virginia, on January 14, 1794, in a heroic effort to save his wife, Elizabeth, and child, Dr. Jessee Bennett performed the first successful Caesarian section and oophorectomy to be done in America. — — Map (db m30364) HM
This church, built on land donated by John K. Beery was a free union church used by Methodist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran denominations and in 1914 became a Methodist church.
The church building was remodeled in 1917, 1948, and 1950. . . . — — Map (db m158142) HM
A FORTUNATE FALL:
Until the early 1970s, when Brenneman Church Road was paved and rerouted to its present location west of the Mill, the gravel road came on this side of the mill and crossed the tail race at this point. This former gravel . . . — — Map (db m280438) HM
Green Meadows, to the west, was the home of German emigrant Adam Miller, one of the first Europeans to settle in the Shenandoah Valley. Records suggest that he arrived in this area from Pennsylvania late in the 1720s. In 1742 Gov. William Gooch . . . — — Map (db m230637) HM
During the 1930's, CCC Camp NP-3, Company 310, Camp Nira was placed near the abandoned road across the Skyline Drive, 1/4 mile, to the south. — — Map (db m13248) HM
This Memorial is dedicated to the Approximately 200 Families and Land Owners in Rockingham County Displaced by the Creation of Shenandoah National Park Names are Spelled as Found in Available Park Records of Displacement
The idea of . . . — — Map (db m270104) HM
In Memory
of those who made the supreme sacrifice
In World War II
Charles J. Berry •
Fred W. Flick •
Clayton C. Gaynor •
Benjamin R. Good •
Frank W. Gooden •
Leonard D. Gooden •
Ray C. Gooden •
Statten H. Gooden, . . . — — Map (db m235872) WM
Rockingham County Mountain Homes Averaged 4.4 Rooms, the Largest Homes had Eight Rooms
Mountain family homes reflected the economic diversity that existed in the Blue Ridge Mountains during the 1920s and 30s. The average family size was 5 . . . — — Map (db m270103) HM
"Green Meadows," to the west, was the home of Adam Miller (1703-1783), one of the first Europeans to settle in the valley. The property remained in the Miller (originally Mueller) family from the 1740s through 1936. — — Map (db m12074) HM
1862 & 1864 Valley Campaigns.
This eight-room brick dwelling was built in 1840 for Dr. Simeon B. Jennings, a former resident of Port Republic. At the time of the Civil War, it was one of only half a dozen houses located in the Conrad’s Store . . . — — Map (db m2916) HM
Economic Activity in the Blue Ridge Mountains Mirrored that of Rural Virginia During the 1920s and 1930s
The primary economic activity was subsistence farming. Many farms also included fruit orchards, with apples, peaches, pears, cherries, and . . . — — Map (db m270096) HM
Less than a month after his defeat at Kernstown, Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson retired to the Elk Run Valley to rest his troops and plan for the spring campaign. With his men camped all along Elk Run and into Swift Run Gap, Jackson made his . . . — — Map (db m304708) HM
Less than a month after his defeat at Kernstown, Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson retired to the Elk Run Valley to rest his troops and plan for the spring campaign. With his men camped all along Elk Run and into Swift Run Gap, Jackson made his . . . — — Map (db m304709) HM
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