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Canada, Historic Sites and Monuments Board Historical Markers
Mandated to advise the Government of Canada, through the Minister of the Environment, on the commemoration of nationally significant aspects of Canada's history, the Board authorizes Parks Canada to install plaques inscribed with a bilingual text describing the historic significance of the subject. They are sometimes also written in a third language, particularly when the commemorated subject is linked to the history of Aboriginal peoples or ethnocultural communities.
In their first major engagement of the Great War, Canadian soldiers gained international recognition for their courageous and determined defence of Allied positions in the Ypres Salient. They faced overwhelming odds, including the first large scale . . . — — Map (db m261449) HM WM
Opened in 1895, the Banff Park Museum was moved into this building in 1903. Its cross-log motif exemplifies an architectural style common in the town at the time. Norman Bethune Sanson, the museum’s curator from 1896 to 1932, . . . — — Map (db m8836) HM
Banff Springs Hotel
This hotel is among the largest and most renowned of the fashionable resort hotels established along railway and steamship routes in Canada during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Constructed by the . . . — — Map (db m100084) HM
Born in Ceylon and educated in Scotland and Germany, Gibbon studied painting before turning to journalism. As publicity agent for the Canadian Pacific Railway from 1913 to 1945 he combined advertising with the promotion of a Canadian identity, . . . — — Map (db m108632) HM
Located at the top of Sulfur Mountain, the cosmic ray station was completed by the National Research Council in 1956, in preparation for International Geophysical Year (1957–1958) an undertaking involving 66 countries and a dozen scientific . . . — — Map (db m109422) HM
The Cave and Basin Springs were brought to public attention after being located by CPR construction workers in 1883. These and the Upper Hot Springs soon drew private entrepreneurs and tourists. Growing support for public ownership prompted the . . . — — Map (db m108877) HM
[English] The scale and bold design of the Mewata Armoury exemplify the wave of national pride that greeted Canada's strong performance in the South African War. In western Canada this military enthusiasm led to a dramatic . . . — — Map (db m196993) HM
[English] Born at Hopewell Hill, New Brunswick, Bennett moved to Calgary in 1897. A member of the legislature of the North West Territories (1898-1905) and of the Alberta Legislative Assembly (1909-11), he was elected to the Commons . . . — — Map (db m202450) HM
[English] Completed in 1911, this building reflected the city's urban aspirations during its pre-1914 development boom. Designed by Regina architect William M. Dodd in the Romanesque Revival style often favoured for large municipal . . . — — Map (db m202627) HM
[English] Stephen Avenue is a superb illustration of the central role that retail streets have played and continue to play in the Canadian urban experience. As a well-preserved commercial street the avenue bears eloquent witness to . . . — — Map (db m220699) HM
[English] Boasting an elegant facade and luxurious interior, this Neoclassical building is one of the last surviving examples of the “palace” style of cinema in western Canada. Owned by the Allen chain, a pioneer of film . . . — — Map (db m220807) HM
[English] Rapid settlement of western Canada after 1900 created an urgent need for new judicial facilities. The Wetaskiwin Court House was one of the initial group of public buildings constructed in Alberta after the shift from territorial to . . . — — Map (db m197022) HM
[English] Built in 1912-1914, this church is a fine example of the Gothic Revival style, long favoured for ecclesiastical design in Canada. Gothic Revival churches were inspired by those of medieval Europe in plan, composition, and . . . — — Map (db m206552) HM
[English] Atlas No. 3 (1936-1956) played a central role in the coal industry of the Drumheller Valley, a leading area in the production of Canadian coal. The mine employed skilled miners and used mechanized equipment to produce . . . — — Map (db m196996) HM
[English] The Province of Alberta, formerly part of the North-West Territories, was created on 1 September, 1905, and inaugurated at Edmonton on that same day by Governor General Earl Grey and Prime Minister Sir Wilfred Laurier. . . . — — Map (db m206184) HM
[English] Partner in the North West Company, Chief Factor of the Hudson's Bay Company, Rowand of Fort Edmonton was reputed to be "the most influential white man among the wild tribes of the plains". Admired for his courage and . . . — — Map (db m220698) HM
This plant, which was critical to the development of the Turner Valley oil field, is the earliest gas processing facility built in Canada and the only survivor of its type. The present complex was begun in 1921 after a fire destroyed the . . . — — Map (db m8825) HM
Turner Valley is Alberta’s first great oilfield. Initially the field, which began production in 1914, yielded mainly natural gas. Local plants, which provided the only extensive gas-processing system in the province, extracted the . . . — — Map (db m9204) HM
[English] Built by William Henry of the North West Company in 1811 to support David Thompson's exploration of the Athabasca Pass, Henry House stood at the head of navigation on the Athabasca River. When the pass became the principal . . . — — Map (db m202599) HM
[English] This building is one of the finest and most influential examples of rustic architecture in Canada’s national parks. Designed by A.M. Calderon and completed in 1914, it introduced a building tradition based on the use of local . . . — — Map (db m197059) HM
[English] In 1862, the Overlanders, numbering about 250, left their homes in Canada for the Cariboo gold fields. They journeyed via Fort Garry and Edmonton, and thence, guided by Indians to the mountains and westward by the . . . — — Map (db m203692) HM
[English] In 1813, the North West Company built Rocky Mountain House on Brûlé Lake as a provision depot for brigades crossing the Athabasca Pass to the Pacific. When Jasper Hawes took command of the post in 1817 it became known as . . . — — Map (db m203680) HM
A preeminent topographical surveyor, Wheeler represented British Columbia on the commission which located and marked the boundary with Alberta between 1913 and 1925. His party surveyed and mapped the 1000 km-long mountain section, using photographs . . . — — Map (db m108876) HM
[English] Born in London, Thompson served both the Hudson's Bay Company (1784-1797) and the North West Company (1797-1815) as trader, explorer and surveyor. One of the world’s great geographers, he accurately mapped . . . — — Map (db m203686) HM
The development of this field in 1947 marked a turning point in the history of the Alberta petroleum industry. After the drilling of Leduc No. 1, the geographical focus of the industry shifted from Turner Valley northward to the central plains area, . . . — — Map (db m8856) HM
[English] This Canadian Pacific Railway viaduct, built between 1907 and 1909 across the Oldman River Valley, was an engineering triumph. More than 1,600 metres long and 95 metres high, this steel structure is the longest and . . . — — Map (db m196963) HM
[English] On August 7, 1919, Captain E.C. Hoy made the first crossing of the Canadian Rockies by air from Vancouver following a route over Vernon, Grand Forks, Cranbrook, and through Crawford Pass. His Canadian-built Curtiss JN-4 . . . — — Map (db m201700) HM
[English] In 1872, on the western bank of the Oldman River at the present site of the Federal Mine, Nicholas Sheran opened the first coal mine in Alberta. He broke his own trails, found his own markets, and hauled coal by ox-team . . . — — Map (db m220697) HM
[English] The CPR built this reinforced concrete aqueduct between 1912 and 1914. It was part of a large irrigation scheme using water diverted from the Bow River to transform 55,000 hectares east of Brooks from semi-arid rangeland to farmland . . . — — Map (db m196937) HM
[English] Between 1888 and 1905 the Government of Canada built a dozen court houses to serve the new settlements on the prairies. Most of these buildings were phased out of service and eventually demolished following the implementation of the . . . — — Map (db m196983) HM
The earliest trade route between eastward and northward flowing waters followed the Clearwater River and the Methye Portage.
Discovered by Peter Pond in 1778 and used continuously for more than a century by fur-traders and explorers, including . . . — — Map (db m8814) HM
Harvesting of the forest has long been an important aspect of life on the Pacific Coast. The native people were the first to utilize this valuable resource in the construction of dwellings, canoes, and implements. In the nineteenth . . . — — Map (db m9192) HM
Jennie Butchart began to shape this magnificent landscape in 1904. She established, in the style of the grand estates of the period, several distinct gardens to evoke a range of aesthetic experiences. An abandoned limestone quarry was . . . — — Map (db m74419) HM
In 1858, nearly 800 free Blacks left the oppressive racial conditions of San Francisco for a new life on Vancouver Island. Governor James Douglas had invited them here as promising settlers. Though still faced with intense discrimination, these . . . — — Map (db m72868) HM
The first permanent lighthouse on the Pacific coast of Canada, Fisgard was erected in 1859-60 by the British and Colonial Governments to guide mariners into Esquimalt Harbour. Brought from England with the first lightkeeper, the lantern became . . . — — Map (db m70876) HM
This superb example of an Edwardian park was laid out for James and Laura Dunsmuir in the early 20th century. At its centre stands a Tudor Revival mansion, whose picturesque design is enhanced by a rich array of decoration and fine craftsmanship. . . . — — Map (db m72870) HM
From 1878 to 1956 coast artillery installations protected the city of Victoria and the naval base at Esquimalt. Temporary batteries were constructed in response to the Anglo-Russian crisis of 1878, and in the 1890s Canada negotiated with Great . . . — — Map (db m72872) HM
The long naval presence here has produced a unique legacy among defence sites in Canada. From its establishment in 1865 until Britain's Royal Navy withdrew in 1906, Esquimalt served as headquarters of the vast Pacific Station. In the Dockyard, the . . . — — Map (db m72867) HM
Canadian Women's Army Corps (CWAC) Women's service in the military during the Second World War challenged the tradition of all-male armed forces. Between 1941 and 1946, close to 22,000 volunteers enlisted in the CWAC and were posted to bases at home . . . — — Map (db m72873) HM
This place, chosen by the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association in 1903 for its harmonized elements of Nature expressing the principles of "feng shui", is a significant legacy of the first Canadians of Chinese origin. Traditionally . . . — — Map (db m72874) HM
Competition for sovereignty and trade drew Europeans to the Pacific Northwest coast in the 1780s. Although long known to First Nations people, the strait received its present name in 1787 when Charles Barkley identified it as the legendary . . . — — Map (db m80552) HM
[English] Amor De Cosmos (Lover of the Universe) was the name adopted by William Smith of Windor, Nova Scotia, while in the California goldfields. In 1858 he arrived in Victoria and founded the opposition journal, the Colonist. For over two decades . . . — — Map (db m49079) HM
The Congregation Emanu-El Synagogue was built in 1863, just five years after the arrival if the first members of Victoria's Jewish community during the Fraser River gold rush period. Its opening was widely celebrated in Victoria for, despite their . . . — — Map (db m72875) HM
[English]
The 1957 portion of the building was renovated to provide retail space and a heritage facade compatible with the original 1914 section.
This project was completed by Public Works Canada as a contribution to the historical preservation . . . — — Map (db m48544) HM
[English] This hotel was built between 1904 and 1908, and has since been enlarged twice. The architect, Francis M. Rattenbury, followed the practice of the Canadian Pacific Railway in employing the Chateau style, identifiable by the steep slate . . . — — Map (db m49238) HM
[English] Opened in 1889, the Victoria Law Courts was the first major public building constructed by the provincial government after union with Canada. Previously, court sessions had been held in one of the colonial administration buildings located . . . — — Map (db m49098) HM
The mooring rings on the rocks below are the only surviving fragment of Fort Victoria built by the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1843. From 1846, when the Oregon boundary was drawn at the 49th parallel, this post served as grand depot and headquarters . . . — — Map (db m9195) HM
Founded by the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1843, Fort Victoria became, after 1846, the head-quarters of the Company’s trade in British territory west of the Rocky Mountains. When the Colony of Vancouver Island was formed in 1849 Victoria was the . . . — — Map (db m48542) HM
(English) Completed in 1875 in the Second Empire style, Victoria’s original Custom House is a distinguished example of the buildings erected by the new Federal Government after Confederation. It regulated the trade of the West Coast’s busiest port . . . — — Map (db m49077) HM
[English]
Percy Leonard James was born in London, England, where he trained and first practiced as an architect. In 1908, he settled in Victoria, British Columbia, where he obtained his first commission and practiced his profession until . . . — — Map (db m48480) HM
[English] Begbie practised [sic] law in England for fourteen years before his appointment in 1858 as the first judge of the mainland Colony of British Columbia. During the gold rush, he won the respect of lawless miners of the Fraser River and . . . — — Map (db m49082) HM
Soaring skywards with its bold array of coloured brick, stone and slate, St. Andrew's Roman Catholic Cathedral displays the confident spirituality that characterizes the best religious architecture of the High Victorian Gothic style. Designed in . . . — — Map (db m70881) HM
This picturesque building is one of the finest expressions in wood of the Gothic Revival style in Canada. It was constructed in 1875 for the Reformed Episcopal church in Victoria by the Reverend Edward Cridge. Architect John Teague enhanced the . . . — — Map (db m72884) HM
Victoria’s first city hall was designed in 1875. The building was begun three years later and completed in 1890. The designer was John Teague, an Englishman long resident in Victoria, who was responsible for planning many of the city’s . . . — — Map (db m49126) HM
[English] This district, first settled in 1858, is the oldest and most intact Chinatown in Canada, representing an important chapter in the long history and heritage of Chinese Canadians. As the major immigrant port of entry on the west coast in . . . — — Map (db m52980) HM
Born near Levis, Demers was trained at the Seminary of Quebec, ordained in 1836 and sent in 1838 as a missionary to the Columbia. His ministry extended from the interior of British Columbia to Oregon. First pastor of St. John's Church of Oregon . . . — — Map (db m72879) HM
Constructed in 1912-1913 during the Victoria building boom, this structure originally opened as the Royal Victoria Theatre, owned by a group of local entrepreneurs. Theatres of this type, presenting live dramatic, musical and vaudeville . . . — — Map (db m72881) HM
For over a century, St. Ann's played an important role in the educational life of Western Canada. It served as the regional motherhouse for the Sisters of St. Ann, the major female Roman Catholic teaching and nursing order in British Columbia, which . . . — — Map (db m72883) HM
[English]
The province of British Columbia was created on July 20, 1871. Formerly a crown colony established by the union in 1866 of Vancouver Island with the mainland colony of British Columbia, the addition of the Pacific coast province made . . . — — Map (db m49038) HM
[English] Artist and author Emily Carr was born here and lived most of her life in this neighbourhood of Victoria where she died. Her compelling canvases of British Columbia landscape offer a unique vision of the forest an shore, while her . . . — — Map (db m49241) HM
[English]
Justifiably described as “the father of British Columbia”, Douglas was born in Demerara. He joined the North West Company in 1819, serving at Fort William and Ile a la Crosse where he was taken into the Hudson’s Bay Company. . . . — — Map (db m48769) HM
Built for coal magnate Robert Dunsmuir, Craigdarroch symbolized the desire of late 19th-century industrialists to assert their social position through conspicuous displays of wealth. Completed in 1890, the eclectic mansion features . . . — — Map (db m72876) HM
This magnificent estate, residence of the Crown's representatives in British Columbia, is a cultural landscape that boasts a long and remarkable association with this high office. In 1865 the government of the colony purchased Cary Castle, a house . . . — — Map (db m72878) HM
Born into a family of Ayrshire coalmasters, Robert Dunsmuir achieved renown as a leading Canadian businessman. He developed the Wellington Mine near Nanaimo, which soon made him one of the richest men in Canada and, through his labour practices, one . . . — — Map (db m72880) HM
A career Imperial civil servant, Anthony Musgrave served as governor of Newfoundland (1864 - 69) and British Columbia (1869 - 71). Both terms of office were marked by a strong personal effort to encourage the two colonies to unite with the new . . . — — Map (db m72882) HM
This imposing brick roundhouse is a particularly fine example of an industrial structure associated with the steam railway era in Canada. Built in 1913, the ten-stall roundhouse with attached machine, boiler and blacksmith's shops is part of a . . . — — Map (db m72877) HM
English:
A search for the source of placer gold found on lower parts of the Fraser River led to discoveries of lode mines in the Cariboo, of which Williams Creek, is said to have yielded $19,000,000. As a centre of population in the . . . — — Map (db m42712) HM
This rare example of a 19th century Chinese benevolent society hall conformed to a Chee Kung Tong tradition that placed services to members on the ground floor and formal functions above. With its hostel, kitchen, and meeting and ceremonial spaces, . . . — — Map (db m42533) HM
English:
Simon Fraser and John Stuart established Fort St. James among the Carrier Indians in 1806. Originally a North West Company post, it passed to the Hudson’s Bay Company in 1821. From the beginning an important centre of trade and . . . — — Map (db m42736) HM
Promoted by Perry Collins, the U.S. Commercial Agent in Russia, and dependent on the Western Union Telegraph Company’s money, men and technology for its execution, this early telegraph line roused the enthusiasm of the white residents of . . . — — Map (db m276496) HM
[English] This historic Bridge commemorates an achievement of the Doukhobors of Canada in establishing communal settlements in the Kootenay Boundary region of British Columbia during the early 20th century. Built in 1913 by community labour, . . . — — Map (db m197114) HM
[English] While exploring these mountains in the summer of 1865, Walter Moberly, assistant surveyor-general of British Columbia, noted the flight of eagles through a break in the Gold Range (Monashees), thereby discovering Eagle Pass. After . . . — — Map (db m198549) HM
First recorded in the report of the Palliser expedition of 1857-60, this pass takes its name from an incident in which Dr. James Hector, surgeon in the expedition, was kicked by his horse while exploring in this vicinity. The pass was . . . — — Map (db m74545) HM
[English] Born in the Scottish Highlands, Simpson joined the Hudson's Bay Company in 1820. In 1821 he became governor of the Northern Department, and in 1826 governor-in-chief in Rupert's Land. An energetic administrator with a . . . — — Map (db m201674) HM
A reserve on the St. Mary's River was laid out for the Kootenay
Indians in 1884, but as the district's ranching potential became
known, investors pre-empted meadows traditionally used by the
Indians. The Indians made counter claims and . . . — — Map (db m303270) HM
Chilliwack City Hall
Completed in 1912, this building is the only pre-1930
Canadian municipal hall constructed entirely of reinforced concrete. In size and purpose it is typical of a
class of modestly scaled civic structures . . . — — Map (db m303145) HM
Built in 1861, Christ Church is a fine example of the mid-19th-century revival of mediaeval Gothic forms in religious
architecture. This use of traditional models reinforced the
broader role of the Anglican church as a stabilizing . . . — — Map (db m303143) HM
[English] This pass was used for brief periods from the mid-1820s to the early 1850s by the Hudson's Bay Company, principally to transport leather, especially moosehides, from the Saskatchewan District to its posts in New Caledonia. . . . — — Map (db m202600) HM
In 1825 diplomats representing Russia and Great Britain met in St. Petersburg to resolve several navigational, commercial and territorial matters in dispute on the North West coast of North America and in particular, the immediate . . . — — Map (db m292190) HM
Fort Langley was built by the Hudson's Bay Company
2½ miles below this site in 1827, and moved here in
1839. It burned and was rebuilt in 1840. As fur
resources were exhausted, supply replaced trade as the
fort's major role. Here . . . — — Map (db m284484) HM
{In English:} The oldest surviving mission church in the Vancouver area has long been a focal point of the Mission Reserve. Chief Snat, a renowned Squamish leader, assisted by the Oblate missionaries, was largely responsible for building the . . . — — Map (db m32481) HM
West Coast Fishery
For thousands of years the fishery has been vitally important
to people on Canada's west coast. It provided food for
Aboriginal peoples and is still an essential element of their
culture. Commercial fishing . . . — — Map (db m284485) HM
Bright lights, glamorous decor, and streamlined forms are features which make the Vogue a magnificent example of the Art Deco style. Built by the Odeon chain in 1941, the theatre was unusual in its ability to accommodate both movies and . . . — — Map (db m236740) HM
[English] This lighthouse replaced an 1875 building of which the foundations of the keeper's dwelling survive. Built in 1912 by contractor W.H. Rourke, the hexagonal reinforced concrete tower, 18.3 metres high, is an early example of this . . . — — Map (db m198577) HM
Scottish-born botanist David Douglas identified over 200 new plant species in North America, including the famous Douglas fir. Primarily a collector rather than a published scientist, he sent more plants to Europe than any other . . . — — Map (db m284470) HM
Salmon canning stimulated economic development on this coast. North Pacific is the oldest West Coast cannery still standing. From here the Bell-Irving family shipped high quality salmon directly to England before 1900. Typical of most canneries in . . . — — Map (db m9203) HM
Prevailing westerly gales and high flood tides in the spring and fall made construction of a lighthouse here one of the most hazardous tasks in Canadian maritime history. Nevertheless, contractor J. H. Hildritch of Prince Rupert . . . — — Map (db m309148) HM
[English] Born near London, Upper Canada, Sifton as lawyer, politician, businessman and principal owner of the influential Manitoba Free Press, had great impact on Canadian development. As a member of the Manitoba Cabinet, he . . . — — Map (db m200468) HM
Built between 1936 and 1939, the Church of the Resurrection is a proud testament to the cultural and spiritual strength of Ukrainian settlers in the Dauphin area. This "prairie cathedral" was designed by one of the early builders of . . . — — Map (db m229428) HM
First Railway in Western Canada
On December 3, 1878, the last spike was driven here to complete the first railway line built in the Canadian West. Known
as the Pembina Branch, it ran some 100 kilometres from St. Boniface to . . . — — Map (db m301874) HM
Established in 1872, Fort Dufferin was essential to events asserting Canada's
sovereignty over Manitoba and the North-West Territories. The complex
was initially the headquarters for the British-Canadian contingent of the
North . . . — — Map (db m306577) HM
The March West
In June 1874 the newly-formed North-West Mounted
Police assembled here at Fort Dufferin, the Canadian
headquarters of the International Boundary Commission.
On 8 July the force set out on its famous "March . . . — — Map (db m306575) HM
New Iceland represents a distinctive episode in the early settlement of the Canadian West. In 1875 and 1876, more than a thousand Icelandic immigrants settled a large tract of land reserved for them by the federal government along the western shore . . . — — Map (db m8453) HM
Beautiful Plains County Court Building
The need for public buildings such as court houses and town halls accompanied the settlement of Western Canada. A town's future as the administrative centre for a newly settled region could . . . — — Map (db m288756) HM
[English] Named after Sir Sam Hughes, Minister of Militia and Defence (1911–1916), this site contains the most intact First World War battlefield terrain created for training purposes in Canada. One of a dwindling number worldwide, . . . — — Map (db m218700) HM
[English] An internationally renowned writer, artist, and social reformer, Seton was passionately interested in nature and the relationship of Native peoples to their environment. His realistic animal stories were best-sellers that . . . — — Map (db m201689) HM
[English] Designed under the direction of Thomas Fuller, chief architect for the Department of Public Works from 1881 to 1896, this structure was built in 1895-1898. The federal presence was extended across Canada by public . . . — — Map (db m200606) HM
This impressive grouping of five standard-plan wooden grain elevators is a rare survivor of the long rows that once dominated Prairie towns. The row was built between 1922 and 1941, Manitoba's golden age of elevators, by a cross-section . . . — — Map (db m8491) HM
Pres de cet endroit s'élevait le Fort Maurepas, un des
postes de commerce de la Verendrye. La compagnie de la
Baie d'Hudson et la Compagnie
du Nord Ouest s'établirent
ici en 1792. Le Fort Alexander,
construit par la compagnie de
la . . . — — Map (db m204282) HM
Erected between 1852 and 1854, this large limestone dwelling housed the rector of nearby St. Andrew’s church and complemented the massive construction of that building. The rectory, built for the Reverend William Cockran was one of the . . . — — Map (db m8449) HM
788 entries matched your criteria. The first 100 are listed above. Next 100 ⊳
