Established in 1880 as a means of preventing Indian raids into Mexico. Raided by Apaches in 1881. Abandoned in 1893 after Western Texas had been permanently cleared of Indians. — — Map (db m73723) HM
Fort Peña Colorado, the last active fort in this area, on the old Comanche Trail, about 4 miles to the southwest was established in 1879.
Marathon was founded in 1881. Named by an old sea captain, A.E. Shepard, for the Plain of Marathon, in . . . — — Map (db m26436) HM
On Farm to Market Road 170, 0.7 miles west of SE Longdraw, on the right when traveling west.
Mercury, or Quicksilver, is derived from a red-colored ore known as cinnabar.
Cinnabar (sample at left) was used by Native-Americans as a durable pigment, and there are many places in Big Bend where traces of ancient drawings . . . — — Map (db m111500) HM
On Ranch to Market Road 1065, 0.4 miles south of Farm to Market Road 689, on the left when traveling south.
In an effort to establish a western trade route and expand Texas jurisdiction, Republic of Texas President Mirabeau B. Lamar sent an expedition of merchants, along with a military escort, to Santa Fe in 1841. The group left Brushy Creek north of . . . — — Map (db m155171) HM
Near Caprock Canyons Park Road, 4.6 miles north of Farm to Market Road 1065, on the right when traveling west.
(Right Panel)
A Land of Plenty
People have occupied this rugged country for around 12,000 years. During the late Pleistocene age, small bands of nomadic hunters known as Paleo-Indians were attracted to the Caprock escarpment. Here they . . . — — Map (db m200456) HM
On Main Street (State Highway 86) east of Cottonwood Street, on the right when traveling east.
Comanches traded with Comancheros
SW in the Valley of Tears between
Los Lingos and Cottonwood Creeks
Arrow Sculptor: Charles A Smith
— — Map (db m151468) HM
On State Highway 86, 0.2 miles east of County Highway 22, on the right when traveling east.
Comanche guides led early explorers Pedro Vial, Jose Mares & Francisco Armangual through this area 1787-1808
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m155175) HM
On CR-340, 0.1 miles south of 340A, on the right when traveling south.
Indians had probably visited these clear, cool springs for centuries when, in 1847, Henry E. McCulloch established a Ranger camp here, on Hamilton Creek. A year later, Samuel E. Holland (1826-1917), a Georgian, decided while visiting the camp that . . . — — Map (db m27533) HM
Rich in history and folklore. A young geologic formation, only a few million years old. Bones of elephant, bison, bear, deer, other animals have been found here. When white men came to area in 1840's, Indians knew the caverns; Rangers once found and . . . — — Map (db m27594) HM
Jacob Wolf (1812-1874) and wife Adeline Faulkner Wolf (1814-1870) came from Tennessee to Texas about 1850. Obtaining land grant in Burnet County, they settled at Dobyville, and were pioneers, supplying their own provisions, buildings, medicines, and . . . — — Map (db m27738) HM
The harsh anti-Indian policies of President Mirabeau B. Lamar and Mexican efforts to weaken the Republic of Texas stirred Indian hostilities. Hatred increased after the Council House Fight in San Antonio, March 19, 1840, where 12 Comanche chiefs . . . — — Map (db m64063) HM
On State Highway 35, 1.6 miles west of State Highway 185, on the left when traveling west.
In 1791, Spaniard priests Manuel De Silva and Joseph Francisco Mariano Garza endeavored to spread the doctrines of Christianity among the native tribes along the Gulf Coast, now called Karankawa, with the added benefit of giving Spain a foothold . . . — — Map (db m117448) HM
On Lake Placedo Road north of County Highway 3084, on the right when traveling north.
Located within 100 yards from here is one of Calhoun County's essential springs called Six Mile Watering Hole. Though the number of springs in Calhoun County is small, the location of these springs has played a part in the history of this land for . . . — — Map (db m204939) HM
Near 4th Street (Business Interstate 20) at Market Street, on the right when traveling west.
Planted on April 26, 2003, this oak tree is a direct offspring from the famous Treaty Oak in Austin, Texas where Stephen F. Austin is reputed to have signed the treaty establishing the boundary between the Native Americans and the first Anglo . . . — — Map (db m80851) HM
On Farm to Market Road 21 at County Road 2401, on the left when traveling north on Road 21.
This Indian trading route to Arkansas and Oklahoma was laid out by Cherokees. A tribesman with a keen sense of direction pulled buffalo hides behind his horse to press down the tall grass. Groups of Indians followed blazing the trail, removing . . . — — Map (db m160947) HM
Quanah Parker Comanche Chief.
Honored in Red River war exhibit
Carson County Square House Museum
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m154107) HM
On East Bedford Street east of Broadway, on the right when traveling east.
Comanches used Running Water & Frio
Draws in this area as trailways for
hunting & trade with Comancheros
Arrow Sculptor: Charles A Smith
— — Map (db m167621) HM
On Feeder Road to Intersate-10, 0.3 miles west of Wallisville Liberty Road, on the right when traveling east.
French trader Joseph Blancpain established a trading post in this vicinity in August 1754. He had been living in Natchitoches, Louisiana, where he was the owner of a mercantile store.
With a small group of men, Blancpain arrived in August and . . . — — Map (db m117185) HM
On Feeder Road to Interstate 10, 0.3 miles west of Wallisville Liberty Road, on the right when traveling east.
Two of the most misfortune-ridden outposts of Spain in Texas, “Our Lady of the Light” mission and its auxiliary fort, were founded near here in 1756 to guard against French encroachment from the east.
The two friars who were to . . . — — Map (db m117186) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
For Weary Travelers
During the height of travel along El Camino Real de los Tejas, this site was a frequent rest stop or paraje. It was known as Paraje el Cerrito or Place of the Little Hill. It was probably a popular stop . . . — — Map (db m232415) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
The Caddo workers who built the earthen mounds gathered the necessary soil from excavations, or "borrow pits", and carried it in baskets. It took many trips from the pit to the village to significantly increase the height of any mound.
Along . . . — — Map (db m232383) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
This burial mound was about 20 feet tall and 90 feet in diameter when the village was abandoned. A series of archeological excavations beginning in 1939 determined that it was built in successive stages over a period of about 700 years, ending . . . — — Map (db m232392) HM
On U.S. 69 at County Road 2405, on the right when traveling south on U.S. 69.
In 1836, General Sam Houston negotiated a treaty with the Cherokees in Texas allowing possession of the lands they occupied in east Texas. The leading figure among the Cherokees at that time was Duwali (also known as Bowl, Chief Bowles and Bold . . . — — Map (db m40654) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
A Corridor for Commerce, Culture, and Change - Past and Present
You are standing at one small point on a legendary network of roads that arc across Texas - El Camino Real de los Tejas. The main overland route from Mexico, through . . . — — Map (db m232403) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
This mound was originally at least three times its current length and reached 35 feet tall. It was the spiritual and political center of the village with buildings for worship or government. Archeological evidence suggests that periodically, the . . . — — Map (db m232376) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
This Low Platform Mound did not have any buildings on it. Based on archeological evidence, it appears that there were important structures at the ground surface which were burned and then covered over to create a platform mound that was ramped . . . — — Map (db m232387) HM
On State Highway 21, 6.2 miles west of Marcus Street (U.S. 69), on the right when traveling east. Reported missing.
Bulging out of the earth a few yards from this point, three prehistoric Indian mounds interrupt the prevailing flat terrain. Long overgrown with grass, the mounds and adjacent village (covering about 100 acres) constitute one of the major aboriginal . . . — — Map (db m219203) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
The natural spring located near the village site feeds into the Neches River and is likely a primary reason the Caddo settled here. It provided a continuous supply of fresh water for the local residents. Village women collected water from the spring . . . — — Map (db m232372) HM
On State Highway 21, 0.2 miles east of County Road 2807, on the left when traveling east.
Originally established as Mission San Francisco de los Tejas in 1690 by Franciscan missionaries for the purpose of Christianizing and civilizing the Neches and other Indians of the region. Reestablished in 1716. Abandoned temporarily due to French . . . — — Map (db m121257) HM
On State Highway 21, on the right when traveling east. Reported permanently removed.
Here at the opening of the 18th century stood a village of the Neches Indians. Their name was given to the river and later to a mission, San Francisco de Los Neches, established near by. With the Cherokees, the Neches Indians were expelled from . . . — — Map (db m121335) HM
On State Highway 21, 1.4 miles west of Marcus Street (U.S. 69), on the right when traveling east.
Noted as interpreters and messengers of peace, the Delawares were chiefly instrumental in bringing other tribes to the General Treaty at Bird's Fort (in the present county of Tarrant) in 1843. — — Map (db m121258) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
Along El Camino Real de los Tejas
On a good day, a Spanish carreta, or wooden freight wagon, could travel up to 18 miles before sunset along El Camino Real de los Tejas. In the 1750s, a driver might pass a group of Franciscan friars in charge . . . — — Map (db m232420) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
The village surrounding Caddo Mounds was divided into two distinct living areas, one for the spiritual and cultural leaders and the other for the common villagers. The inner village surrounded the temple mounds and housed the village's spiritual and . . . — — Map (db m232374) HM
On State Highway 21 at Farm to Market Road 2907 on State Highway 21.
The Caddo village served as a major regional trade center, connected to other settlements by a series of long-distance trade routes. The people here exchanged goods with other groups nearby and from hundreds of miles away. The Caddo imported high . . . — — Map (db m232396) HM
On this nine mile long ridge there are two historic lookout points which command a view of 30 to 35 miles. Between this site, with an elevation of 713 ft., and Point Lookout (1/4 mi. NW), lies a narrow valley. An Indian trail and later a pioneer . . . — — Map (db m31698) HM
On East Sixth Street (U.S. 84) west of Henderson Avenue, on the left when traveling west.
Cherokee County has a rich and varied history. Spanish and French explorers of the seventeenth century found Tejas and Hasinai Indians living in this area, and Spanish missions were established in the region.
Driven out of the United States, . . . — — Map (db m212151) HM
On U.S. 84, 0.2 miles west of Farm to Market Road 347, on the right when traveling west.
In the winter of 1819-1820 Chief John Bowles led about sixty Cherokee families from Arkansas to East Texas. Near this site a small settlement of about six families was established by a Cherokee leader named Little Bean. They remained until 1839, . . . — — Map (db m128988) HM
On West Fillmore Avenue at Southwest 1st Street, on the right when traveling west on West Fillmore Avenue.
In the blue sand hills, Quanah Parker persuaded reluctant Comanches to return to Ft. Sill in peace, 1877 Arrow Sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m174005) HM
On U.S. 277, 0.2 miles south of McDonald Road, on the right when traveling north.
Throughout this area during the last several centuries, rock ledges gave protection to Lipan, Kickapoo, Comanche, and Kiowa Indians. In one typical shelter archeologists found evidence of 3 periods of occupation, plus numerous intricate petroglyphs . . . — — Map (db m77615) HM
On Farm to Market Road 2034 at Walnut Road, on the right when traveling west on Road 2034.
Archeological findings at an overhanging rock ledge on Walnut Creek show that the spot, midway between the Colorado and North Concho Rivers, was for hundreds of years campsite or village of nomadic Indians who sought the shelter, running water, . . . — — Map (db m95932) HM
On Sanco Loop, 2.1 miles east of Texas Highway 208, on the right when traveling west.
On site of prehistoric Indian camps, in area where in 1850's Fort Chadbourne soldiers often skirmished with Indians.
One of the first settlements and second pioneer post office (established 1888) in county.
Named for the Comanche Chief . . . — — Map (db m82994) HM
On County Road 2756, 0.4 miles west of County Road 570, on the left when traveling east.
Malissa (Dodson) Sides became the first person to be buried on this site in March 1891. Believed to have been half Native American, Mrs. Sides and her Cherokee half sister Ellen Murphy survived the U.S. government relocation of the tribe during . . . — — Map (db m201949) HM
On Preston Road (U.S. 289) at Warren Parkway, on the right when traveling north on Preston Road.
By 1835, the under-funded provisional government of Texas offered to pay its soldiers with land. Surveying parties flooded the frontier, ingressing Native hunting grounds. Hard-fought battles and skirmishes brought no lasting victories to the . . . — — Map (db m244229) HM
Near Mall Road F, 0.1 miles north of Gaylord Parkway, on the left when traveling north.
Hispanic and Anglo settlers entered Texas to find a land well suited for cattle raising. English herding traditions from the East and Spanish ranching traditions from the South met in this region of vast open grasslands. Here English and Spanish . . . — — Map (db m214675) HM
Near West University Drive (U.S. 380) at North 16th Street.
The land surrounding this historic cemetery was part of a grant obtained by John McGarrah, a member of the Peters Colony who arrived in this area in 1843. McGarrah founded a trading post near this site, and soon the Fort Buckner settlement was . . . — — Map (db m162269) HM
On East Spring Creek Parkway, 0.4 miles north of Parker Road, on the left when traveling north.
McBain Jameson and Jeremiah Muncey settled in this vicinity in 1840 and 1842. While hunting in late 1844, William Rice and Leonard Searcy came to Muncey's hut and found the savagely slain bodies of Jameson, Muncey, Mrs. Muncey, and a small child, . . . — — Map (db m220380) HM
Comanches once hunted Buffalo on
Salt Fork of the Red and Buck Creek
in present day Collingsworth Co.
Arrow Sculptor: Charles A Smith
— — Map (db m152673) HM
United States Consul to the colonies in Texas, 1829-1832. A native of Philadelphia, Pa., he later joined Austin's Colony serving in campaigns leading to Texas War for Independence.
In 1837, with W.B. DeWees, he platted the town of Columbus.
In . . . — — Map (db m244149) HM
On Spring Street, on the right when traveling west.
By March 1822, Stephen F. Austin had attracted about 150 colonists to Texas. The pioneers faced many hardships, including concern for their protection form Indians along the Colorado and Brazos rivers. In December of that year, Trespalacios, the . . . — — Map (db m29767) HM
On Spring Street, on the right when traveling west.
John (1776-1823) and Elizabeth Plemmons (1778-1829) Tumlinson were born in Lincoln County, North Carolina and lived in Tennessee, Illinois, and Arkansas before coming to Texas with their seven children as members of Austin's Old Three Hundred . . . — — Map (db m29965) HM
On State Highway 46, 0.1 miles west of Loop State Highway 337, on the right when traveling east.
Established by Franciscan Missionaries in 1757 for the purpose of civilizing and christianizing the Tonkawas, Mayeyes, and their associates • Formerly at Mission San Francisco Xavier on the San Gabriel river • Abandoned in 1758 — — Map (db m174649) HM
Near Landa Park Drive at Monument Drive, on the right when traveling north.
Panel 1
The first German settlements in Texas were Industry in Austin County, founded by Friedrich Ernst in 1831, Biegel in Fayette County, founded by Joseph Biegel in 1832, Cat Spring in Austin County, founded by the von Roeder, Kleberg, . . . — — Map (db m210312) HM
On Landa Park Drive at Gazebo Circle, on the left when traveling north on Landa Park Drive.
Ever wonder what it was like to live here thousands of years ago?
This drawing shows what a Native American campsite at Comal Springs might have looked like some 2,000 to 5,000 years ago. Digging at Comal Springs and elsewhere in central Texas, . . . — — Map (db m211855) HM
Established in 1756 on the Guadalupe River at or near present New Braunfels as an extension of the ill-fated Mission San Francisco Xavier de Horcasitas (1746-1755). Earlier located 100 miles northeast, San Francisco Xavier had been shaken by . . . — — Map (db m210305) HM
Near Landa Park Drive, 0.1 miles north of Monument Drive, on the right when traveling north.
The Old San Antonio Road, popularly known as El Camino Real, is one of the state's oldest and most significant of the trans-Texas routes and most famous of the early historic trails.
Camino Real (royal road), variously known . . . — — Map (db m211947) HM
On West Central Avenue (U.S. 67/377) near Texas Highway 36, on the right when traveling west.
First settled in 1854 by five families, the county, created and organized 1856, was named for Comanche Indians, Lords of Texas frontier, who were losing hunting grounds to settlers.
First county seat was Cora. Comanche has been county seat . . . — — Map (db m98274) HM
On Central Avenue (U.S. 67/377) at Houston Street, on the right when traveling west on Central Avenue.
Camped here in 1854 with his father, young Martin V. Fleming hid behind this tree and saved himself when hostile Indians rode through the grove. Years later paving contractors started to cut the oak, but were stopped by "Uncle Mart" with his . . . — — Map (db m72294) HM
On Central Avenue (U.S. 67/277) at Houston Street, on the right when traveling west on Central Avenue.
One of boldest depredations in Texas history, made in May 1861, during the "Bright Moon." A braying mule wakened town after nearly all horses were stolen. Citizens spent rest of night molding bullets. Pursuit began at dawn, under command of . . . — — Map (db m72295) HM
On West Central Avenue west of South 9th Street, on the right when traveling west.
Surveyed in 1850 by Army engineers, this was the first wagon road to penetrate this area. Point of origin was San Antonio, site of U.S. Army District Headquarters after annexation of Texas in 1846.
This segment of road extended from Fort Gates . . . — — Map (db m173689) HM
On North Austin Street at West Central Avenue, on the left when traveling north on North Austin Street.
The buffalo were essential to the plains Indians. Native Americans used the bison for food and clothing, shelter, tools and ceremonial implements - nearly everything to survive physically and spiritually. Before their near extermination, an . . . — — Map (db m125929) HM
On 36th Division Memorial Highway (State Highway 36) 0.1 miles south of County Road 286, on the right when traveling south.
Originally established 1870, one-half mile north on banks of the Leon river. Named for George Lamkin, donor of land for townsite. Business firms included general store, blacksmith shop, gin, post office and drugstore. Despite several floods and . . . — — Map (db m162190) HM
On West California Street (Farm to Market Road 51) west of Frontage Interstate 35 Frontage Road, on the right when traveling west.
Front
Cooke County
C.S.A.
Military, defense center in Civil War. Cooke voted 231 to 137 anti-secession, yet nine military units served Confederacy from here. In constant danger of Federal or Indian attack. Col. Wm. . . . — — Map (db m121778) HM
Near U.S. 82 east of Parkside Circle when traveling west.
Founded 1850. Named for Gen. Edmund P. Gaines, who in 1836 aided Republic of Texas. Military supply headquarters during Civil War. Important in defense against Indian attacks and invasion. Center for agriculture, industry, oil. Home of famed . . . — — Map (db m97591) HM
Two long, narrow strips of timber extending parallel to each other from Oklahoma to Central Texas; form a marked contrast to adjacent prairie. The more fertile East Cross Timbers begin here in Cooke County. Area was famous pioneer landmark as well . . . — — Map (db m97590) HM
On Interstate 35 at milepost 490,, 2.8 miles north of East Obuch Street (Farm to Market Road 922), on the right when traveling north.
On Jan. 5-6, 1868, Chief Big Tree and 150 to 200 Kiowas raided Willa Walla Valley, Clear Creek and Blocker Creek. Burned homes; killed 13 people; scalped one woman alive. Captured 10 women and children; 3 escaped, 2 were ransomed. Raiders reached . . . — — Map (db m121774) HM
Near Langford Cove Road at Sheldon Road, on the right when traveling south.
Born in Falls County. Son of early Texas settlers Albert G. and Elidia Anderson Gholson.
After 1858-1859 service with Texas Rangers, he re-enlisted in company under Capt. J.M. Smith, and in 1860 aided in the rescue of Cynthia Ann Parker, . . . — — Map (db m89697) HM
On U.S. 84, 0.5 miles west of Farm to Market Road 1829, on the left when traveling west.
Formed from Bell County
Created February 4, 1854
Organized March 4, 1854
Named in Honor of
James Coryell
Born in Tennessee in 1796
Member of the Bowie Expedition
tο the old San Saba Silver
Mines in 1831
A Texas . . . — — Map (db m217503) HM
On 7th Street north of Richards Street, on the left when traveling north.
Quanah's tie to Paducah: cousin Charlie Hart – chore boy, trusted friend & Burnetts' Ranch manager
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m155161) HM
On U.S. 385, 7.2 miles south of 6th Street, on the left when traveling south. Reported missing.
About 3,000 ft. elevation. Since 17th century, a landmark in travel from Texas points to Mexico and California. According to tradition, named by Spaniards for resemblance to ancient castles. Has associations with stories of lost trains of gold and . . . — — Map (db m203144) HM
On West 6th Street (State Highway 329) east of South Sue Street, on the right when traveling east.
A natural salt deposit, known and used for the past 300 years. On land grant from Mexico to Juan Cordova; name, misread on maps, is now unique to lake.
Apaches were encountered here by explorers in 1683. From days of early settlers, Mexicans . . . — — Map (db m118270) HM
Near Fort Lancaster Road, 0.5 miles north of U.S. 290.
On December 26, 1867, the 40 soldiers and officers of Company K, 9th Cavalry, were attacked at Fort Lancaster by an estimated 400 Kickapoo and their allies. The battle began when the teamster leading the horses to water, William Sharpe, was lassoed, . . . — — Map (db m201737) HM
On West Main Street at South Berkshire Avenue, on the right when traveling east on West Main Street.
First to set up a post office and to farm in Crosby County; first to break land and drill a water well on High Plains.
At start of Civil War, he was miner at Pinos Altos, New Mexico and joined in moves to take gold and silver mines for South. . . . — — Map (db m105193) HM
On U.S. 82 at Farm to Market Road 2591, on the right when traveling west on U.S. 82.
Trail followed by Gen. Ranald Mackenzie, U.S. 4th Cavalry in 1871 frontier campaign. He camped at Dewey Lake after brush with Indians.
In 1872, he was again ordered to ferret out the Comanches.
From his main supply camp on Brazos River . . . — — Map (db m105160) HM
On U.S. 82 at Farm to Market Road 2591, on the right when traveling west on U.S. 82.
Law and order for Plains area began here in 1879 with creation of Camp Roberts, first ranger station in Panhandle. Company C of the newly formed Frontier Battalion of Texas Rangers was located here and commanded by Capt. G. W. Arrington, Civil War . . . — — Map (db m105161) HM
On State Highway 54, 30 miles north of Interstate 10, on the left when traveling north.
The lands which now lie within the boundaries of the Figure 2 Ranch were occupied in the 19th century by nomadic Native American tribes. One of the last battles between Texas Rangers and Apache Indians occurred in the mountains west of this site in . . . — — Map (db m52722) HM
On U.S. 90, 10.5 miles south of Interstate 10, on the right when traveling south.
Only dependable water supply in miles of arid terrain. Used by Indians for centuries. Named for either Maj. Jefferson Van Horne (who passed here en route to establish fort at El Paso, in 1849), or for Lt. J.J. Van Horn (stationed here to fight . . . — — Map (db m73296) HM
On Park Road south of W Bethel Road when traveling south.
In 1843, Sam Houston, President of the Republic of Texas, and fellow travelers camped under this and other oak trees at these springs and met with local Indian tribes, attempting to negotiate a peace treaty. The treaty, signed several months . . . — — Map (db m147427) HM
On North Denton Tap Road at Natchez Trace on North Denton Tap Road.
Native American tribes camped in this area and throughout Coppell as early as 3,000 BCE. They were nomadic tribes, traveling from one location to another, and they were particularly drawn to this area along Denton Creek because of the water source, . . . — — Map (db m233478) HM
Near Pemberton Hill Road south of Lake June Road, on the left when traveling south.
Big Spring, a natural water feature located in the White Rock Creek Valley near its mouth on the Trinity River in Dallas County, was claimed in 1842 by John Beeman, the patriarch of the first family to settle permanently in the county. Prior to . . . — — Map (db m170308) HM
Ninety Cherokee Indians, led by Chief Bowles, immigrated to this area from Arkansas Territory in 1819, but were driven out 2 years later by hostile Indians who resented the intrusion. Remnants of group signed Treaty of Sept. 29, 1843, agreeing to . . . — — Map (db m164952) HM
On Penn Springs Drive at W. Danieldale Road, on the left when traveling south on Penn Springs Drive.
This area was an important early campsite and watering spot for Indians and pioneer settlers. Two springs formed a natural pool which served as a landmark for wagon trains and cattle drives on the Shawnee Trail. In the 1850s the site was settled . . . — — Map (db m154570) HM
On Brick Road, 0.2 miles north of East Spring Valley Road, on the right when traveling north.
Before any European or American settlers entered Texas, Native American tribes passed through the Richardson area and likely camped around what is now known as McKamy Spring. These tribes met with settlers, one of the friendliest being the Yoiuane . . . — — Map (db m201975) HM
On E Park Street, on the right when traveling west.
Comanches & Kiowas hunted Summer and Fall in this area due to its good water, tall grass & wild game
Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith — — Map (db m155114) HM
On East 3rd Street, on the left when traveling east.
Comanches Kiowas & other Indians left tepee rings & arrowheads near Tierra Blanca & Palo Duro Creeks Arrow sculptor: Charles A. Smith Foundation Provided by Dan & Sharon Eytcheson – Owners Hereford Heritage Funeral Home Project by . . . — — Map (db m155115) HM
On Texas Route 154 east of County Road 1070, on the right when traveling west.
Delta County pioneer, born 1805. Settled in Texas, 1835, on brother Larkin Rattan's 1,000-acre land grant; later became site for city of Paris. Both Rattan families moved to Delta County in 1839. Hiram obtained two third-class land grants for . . . — — Map (db m119786) HM
During the construction of Lewisville Dam in 1950, a number of aboriginal artifacts were unearthed; archeologists conducted several excavations (1952-57) before the waters of Garza-Little Elm Reservoir covered the site. The excavations revealed 21 . . . — — Map (db m194718) HM
On U.S. 183, 0.1 miles south of City of Hochheim Road (County Route 234), on the left when traveling south.
Extending 45 miles along the Guadalupe River Basin, Cuero I Archeological District was created to define and preserve cultural resources threatened by a proposed reservoir. Archeological investigation in 1972-73 revealed 352 significant prehistoric . . . — — Map (db m167233) HM
On Nordheim Cemetery Road (County Highway 328) at County Highway 329, on the right when traveling south on Nordheim Cemetery Road.
A beacon for early Texas pioneers. Because this hill could be seen for miles, it guided travelers from Old Indianola (on the coast) inland to Helena and San Antonio during the 19th century. On the hill, they discovered charred rocks and artifacts . . . — — Map (db m174511) HM
Near Cemetery Road, 0.5 miles east of East Hill Street.
Privates Gregg, William Max, W. H. Kilpatrick and other soldiers who met death in this region while serving under General R. S. MacKenzie, Fourth U.S. Cavalry, 1871-1872 and 1874-1875. With no hope of honor if victorious; no dream of mercy if they . . . — — Map (db m104773) HM WM
On State Highway 70 south of County Highway 333, on the left when traveling south.
Here behind extensive breastworks Major Thomas M. Anderson, Tenth U.S. Infantry, maintained a supply camp for the Cavalry under General Ranald S. Mackenzie, Fourth U.S. Cavalry, who in 1874-1875 forced the Indians of the region onto reservations and . . . — — Map (db m104771) HM
On Hawley Street south of East Cooke Street, on the right when traveling south.
Quanah Parker & Charles Goodnight shared mutual respect, reflected in letters at Saints' Roost Museum.
Arrow Sculptor: Charles A Smith — — Map (db m152657) HM
On U.S. Route 66 (Interstate 40) 0.5 miles east of Farm to Market Road 2477, on the right when traveling east.
US 66 snakes its way through 2448 miles of the American Midwest and southwest along its journey it crosses many territories of varying scenic terrains. Including in these territories are the lands of many Native American nations. . . . — — Map (db m163938) HM
On South Seaman Street (Texas Route 6) at West Commerce Street, on the right when traveling south on South Seaman Street.
County seat, Eastland County. Named for William M. Eastland—Texas War for Independence hero who was in Mier Expedition against Mexico, and was executed in "Black Bean" lottery at Rancho Salado in 1842.
Most noted early local people were . . . — — Map (db m105247) HM
On Business Interstate 20 at Newell Road, on the left when traveling east on Interstate 20Business .
A barbed, bristling flying wedge—the Comanches—rode into 18th century Texas, driving the Wichitas and Caddoes east, the Apaches west, becoming lords of the south plains. Harassed the Spanish and Anglo-Americans along frontier from Corpus . . . — — Map (db m73339) HM
Near South Zaragoza Road at Alameda Avenue (State Highway 20).
Originally founded in 1613 at Isleta Pueblo, in New Mexico, and dedicated in 1621 as San Antonio de Isleta. Removed to El Paso area, 1680 (during Pueblo Revolt), by Tigua Indians who brought along the Patron Saint as they accompanied fleeing . . . — — Map (db m118309) HM
On Alameda Avenue at Valdespino Street, on the right when traveling north on Alameda Avenue.
Approximate site of
the Mission and Pueblo of
San Antonio
de Senecú
Established by Don Antonio de Otermín and Father Fray Francisco Ayeta. O.F.M. in 1682 - Maintained by Franciscan missionaries for the civilizing and Christianizing of the . . . — — Map (db m37951) HM
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