This block was once surrounded by a ten-foot wall enclosing a beautiful structure housing America's first colony of Sisters of the Incarnate Word and Blessed Sacrament, a cloistered teaching order. The convent had a history of vicissitudes and . . . — — Map (db m295356) HM
English:
Built in 1882 by S.W. Brooks and designed by J.N. Preston & Son, this was the first courthouse built for Cameron County. It has continuously housed the Masonic Lodge since 1914. It was built in the Second Renaissance Revival . . . — — Map (db m117944) HM
This classically styled public building has been central for Cameron County government for nearly a century. Texas and Mexico both claimed this area after 1836. The Texas Legislature created Cameron County in 1848, even before the land was . . . — — Map (db m118643) HM
Originally built as a three-story structure in 1912, this building, Cameron County's second jailhouse, was enlarged with the addition of a 4th floor about 1929. The 1912 structure was designed by prominent architect Atlee B. Ayers and the 1929 . . . — — Map (db m117886) HM
English:
Built in 1912 by the Gross Construction Company and designed by
Atlee B. Ayres in the Classic Revival style, it served as the main Cameron County jail for 66 years until the new jail was built in 1978.
Two sections were added . . . — — Map (db m117895) HM
During the Civil War, African American soldiers of the United States Colored Troops (U.S.C.T.) fought in the last battle of the war at Palmito Ranch on May 11, 1865. During reconstruction, Buffalo Soldiers were stationed at Fort Brown and many sites . . . — — Map (db m223357) HM
English:
Built 1877-1890 for Manuel Alonso, the Alonso Building (Los Dos Cañones) has wrought iron railings and doors reminiscent of French Creole architecture.
It was one of several buildings built by immigrants from Spain. The first . . . — — Map (db m118522) HM
Spanish-born Manuel Alonso (1846-1922) constructed the one-story residence on this site in 1877 and added the two-story mercantile building by 1890. His "Los Dos Cañones" mercantile was a popular gathering place for local residents. French and . . . — — Map (db m118520) HM
Spaniard Andres Cueto built a wholesale and retail grocery, pawn shop, and bakery building on the corner of Thirteenth and East. Madison St. in 1893 and called it La Nueva Libertad. He acquired properties and rented homes.
Spanish: . . . — — Map (db m222188) HM
Annie S. Putegant was one of eight teachers at Washington Park School when it opened in 1889. The school was torn down and rebuilt in 1940, then renamed in her honor in 1947. She was briefly a principal and assistant principal but returned to the . . . — — Map (db m222174) HM
Built in 1904, this Late Victorian home exhibits features of the Italianate and Queen Anne styles of architecture. Owners Augustine and Laura Celaya designed the home, which became prominent in the social and civic life of the city. Features of . . . — — Map (db m295361) HM
Civil War "Sister Cities" across the river in neutral Mexico, were linked to Texas by a ferry which landed here.
Ferry hauled to Matamoros the Confederate cotton brought from East Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas to Brownsville in Matamoros, many . . . — — Map (db m223463) HM
This house was designed by architect Ben Clark and built in 1928-1929 for the firm of Barnes and Kemmy for the family of Celestino Pardo Barreda (1858-1953). A 2-story buff brick Spanish Colonial Revival style house, it features twisted cast stone . . . — — Map (db m295291) HM
You are currently standing north of the core battlefield area. Before you lies the site of last land battle of the American Civil War—May 12-13, 1865. Tune to Channel 1610 AM to listen to a historical narrative of the battle and to learn more about . . . — — Map (db m218633) HM
La Batalla de Palo Alto
La primera batalla de la guerra entre los Estados Unidos y México se peleó cerca del área noreste de la actual esquina de la carretera FM 511 y FM 1847. El lugar histórico de la batalla de palo alto se . . . — — Map (db m220843) HM
(English)
Built in 1911 by the architectural firm H.C. Cooke & Co., for Pauline Bollack, a German immigrant from Bavaria, this three story structure has an attractive ornate façade. At the time, it was one of the largest buildings in town . . . — — Map (db m128843) HM
Who owned Texas, and where was the border?
President James Polk thought he had settled these questions when he announced that the United States would annex Texas in 1845. Polk proclaimed the Rio Grande was the south boundary of Texas. . . . — — Map (db m221194) HM
[English]
Who owned Texas, and where was the border?
President James Polk thought he had settled these questions when he announced that the United States would annex Texas in 1845. Polk proclaimed the Rio Grande was the south boundary of . . . — — Map (db m182242) HM
Built in 1888 by architect S.W. Brooks as his personal residence, this house is a surviving example of a wooden I-plan house. At the time of its completion, the house's mix of Victorian era stick and shingle styles was considered modern. It was . . . — — Map (db m223576) HM
Built and designed by architect S.W. Brooks in 1894 for Mary Josephine Glaevecke Browne. Italianate in style this Victorian era home features floor-to-celling windows
and molded brickwork at the cornice.
Eesta casa fue . . . — — Map (db m295624) HM
This structure, with its molded cornice, is a good example of the large brick residences erected in Brownsville in the late 19th Century. It was built in 1894 for Mary Josephine Glaevecke Browne, widow of Cameron County Sheriff Matthew L. ("Theo") . . . — — Map (db m295626) HM
Built in 1894 by S.W. Brooks for Josephine Glavecke Browne Browne, the house is an example of Brownsville's 19th century Border Brick style residences. It was designed to take advantage of the prevailing southeast Gulf winds. The house has . . . — — Map (db m295625) HM
Although this cemetery was not formally deeded to the city of Brownsville until 1868, dates on marked tombstones indicate the site was being used as a graveyard by the late 1850s. Buried here are some of the earliest settlers to arrive in this part . . . — — Map (db m221937) HM
A major center of activity for Confederacy. Chief depot for war material and supplies imported from Europe through neutral port of Bagdad, Mexico. Terminus of Cotton Road, point of entry and departure for important personages of South in intercourse . . . — — Map (db m220710) HM
Built in 1916 and designed by Atlee B. Ayres, this building is an example of Spanish Mediterranean Revival architecture. Starting in 1926, the junior college began to hold classes here until 1948. In 1927-28 a Mission Revival style building was . . . — — Map (db m221405) HM
Founder of Brownsville and partner in firm of M. Kenedy and Company, which opened the Rio Grande to steamboat navigation and controlled much of the commerce of Northern Mexico, 1848-1868.
This house, erected about 1850,
was the birthplace of . . . — — Map (db m117849) HM
Ferry service along this stretch of the Rio Grande evolved as population in the area increased. In 1836, General Jose Urrea used rowboats at the Paso Real ferry near the later site of Fort Brown en route to Goliad. General Vicente Filisola used . . . — — Map (db m165671) HM
In 1925, Louis and Inez (Grider) Brulay contracted with prominent Brownsville architect E. Guy Holliday to design a house within the city's first suburb. Louis Brulay was the son of George Brulay, a French native who owned and operated the . . . — — Map (db m221297) HM
Created February 12, 1848
Since 1535 men of all nations of the earth sailed
the blue waters of the Gulf of Mexico to the green
valley of the Rio Grande in search of happiness,
and each found it in his own time and in his own way. . . . — — Map (db m118636) HM
Created February 12, 1848
From Nueces County
Organized August 7, 1848
Named in Honor of Ewen Cameron 1811-1843 Captain in the Mier Expedition Shot at Queretaro County Seat, Santa Rita 1848-1849 Brownsville, Since the Earliest Battles of . . . — — Map (db m220711) HM
[English] Built in 1912 by the Gross Construction Company and designed by the eminent architect Atlee B. Ayres. Classical Revival in style, this building features exterior terra-cotta detailing. The interior is marked by Sullivanesque details . . . — — Map (db m195578) HM
Completed in 1883, this was the first courthouse built by Cameron County officials, who previously rented or purchased office space. This three-story brick structure served as the county courthouse until 1914, when a new building was erected. Rio . . . — — Map (db m117935) HM
Planned as all of block 144 of the original townsite in 1848 and active by 1852, Campo Santo Viejo was the first official cemetery in Brownsville.
The city abandoned the site in 1864, but burials continued into the 1870s.
The property was . . . — — Map (db m117901) HM
Captain John Roach Butler transported supplies to Zachary Taylor at Point Isabel (Fort Taylor). He retired as Port Captain for Brazos Santiago and was a surveyor for Lloyds of London with a group that was granted a second railroad charter in the Rio . . . — — Map (db m222158) HM
Spanish:La casa mansarda frances fue construida en 1893 para Louis y Amelia Kowalski por S.W. Brooks, disenador de varios edificios públicos. Louis Kowalski, agente aduanal, fue tesorero del condado de cameron y posteriormente . . . — — Map (db m223556) HM
Built in 1868, it served as barracks until World War I, when it served as a quartermaster warehouse/commissary. Closed after World War II, it was leased by private industry until purchased by the junior college. The one-story brick structure has an . . . — — Map (db m223455) HM
I was anxious to charge because the cannon fire was tearing at our ranks. I ordered General Anastacio Torrejón to attack from the left with the greater part of our cavalry, expecting to open the way for a second . . . — — Map (db m182248) HM
Fannie Seward Cavazos (1844-1928) moved from Ohio during the Civil War to Bagdad, Mexico. She came to Brownsville in 1870 with her husband, Wenceslao Cavazos. After his death in 1882 Fannie began a successful Mexican-style lace drawnwork business. . . . — — Map (db m223536) HM
Fannie Seward Cavazos (1844-1928) moved from Ohio during the Civil War to Bagdad, Mexico. She arrived here in 1870 with her husband, Wenceslao Cavazos. After his death in 1882, Fannie began a successful Mexican-style lace drawnwork business this . . . — — Map (db m223539) HM
Built in 1905 for Fannie Seward Cavazos, the Folk Victorian style house features a porch that has thin turned-wood posts, a shed roof and decorative trims. The house's front façade gable is outlined by a bargeboard. Folk Victorian style houses were . . . — — Map (db m223534) HM
This marker, placed by the Brownsville Historical Association, honors the memory of Cecilio Lerma (1893-1964) and Dolores Garcia Lerma (1897-1990), who instilled in their children, Gloria, Aroldo and Florestela, the qualities of generosity, . . . — — Map (db m295629) HM
(English)
Built circa 1850 for J.N. Reynolds, the original French Creole architectural elements have been removed.
The building was purchased in 1890 by Simón Celaya, a native of Balmaceda, Spain. He used the building as headquarters for . . . — — Map (db m119397) HM
Built in 1904, the Neogothic style house was designed by A. Rendon for Augustine and Laura Celaya for $3,000. It features polygonal bays and thick walls specifically designed to withstand the local tropical climate. Its brickwork exemplifies . . . — — Map (db m295359) HM
[English] Built in 1928, designed by Ben Proctor, the Italian Renaissance Revival style building contains some elements of the Spanish Colonial Revival style such as the hipped roof and parapet. It was Brownsville's first freestanding fire . . . — — Map (db m195620) HM
Iberian range cattle, progenitors of the Texas Longhorn, were brought into Texas by Spain in the 1600s and 1700s. The cattle thrived on the area's rich grasslands and roamed throughout Texas. At the time of the Texas Revolution (1835-36) vast . . . — — Map (db m165673) HM
At 2 p.m. U.S. troops arrived at the waterhole of Palo Alto, as Mexican troops spread out on the prairie, cutting the road … Our goal … was to prevent the Americans from lifting the siege we had imposed on . . . — — Map (db m182602) HM
One of the earliest Episcopal Churches organized in Texas this congregation was founded in 1851.The Rev. William Passmore served as first rector, and by 1854 a church building was completed in the downtown area. Destroyed by a hurricane in 1867, it . . . — — Map (db m221397) HM
Built 1926-1927 by Scottish architect Thomas McLaren, the church is an example of the Spanish Colonial Revival style applied to an ecclesiastical property. It features a domed tower, barrel tile roof and curvilinear parapet. It is the third . . . — — Map (db m221394) HM
Spanish:Esta es una de las iglesias Episcopales más antiguas organizadas en Texas, fundada en 1851 el primer rector de esta iglesia fue el reverendo William Passmore! La iglesia situada en el centro de la ciudad, se terminó en 1854. . . . — — Map (db m221395) HM
Manuel J. Cisneros-Garcia (1893-1943), a Brownsville pharmacist and businessman, and his wife, Aurora Longoria-Elizalde de Cisneros (1891-1973), were Mexican immigrants who became respected members of the city's business and cultural community. The . . . — — Map (db m221433) HM
Local architect José Golunga (1882-1946) built this house for businessman José A. Cisneros, Sr. (1887-1963). A hallmark example of the Spanish Colonial Revival style when completed in 1926, the structure's current eclectic appearance dates to . . . — — Map (db m221762) HM
Built in 1926, the house was designed by Jose Colunga for Jose A. Cisneros. It features Colonial Revival architectural elements such as tiled pent awnings. In 1933 a Classic Revival style porch was added giving the house an eclectic appearance. . . . — — Map (db m221765) HM
This Spanish colonial revival home was built in 1925-26 by Jose Colunga for Jose Cisneros. Mr. Cisneros closely supervised its construction features include classical columns and Spanish colonial revival elements such as corbeled brickwork and clay . . . — — Map (db m221761) HM
Built before 1914, this commercial building served in turn as the Park Hotel and then as the Plaza Hotel. Later, the building housed several retail stores. In 1987, the City of Brownsville remodeled the building for office use and provided a new . . . — — Map (db m195618) HM
Built in 1868 as the commanding officer's residence, it was moved to its current location in 2007 and restored late 2009. This locale hosted visiting dignitaries such as Gen. John J. Pershing and Charles A. Lindberg, and served as the home for the . . . — — Map (db m223084) HM
Built circa 1904, as a commissary for Fort Brown, it had a basement, main floor, loading platform and attic. The iron bars on the windows were a part of the original design to prevent theft. From 1913 to 1944, the U.S. Army used the building as a . . . — — Map (db m223446) HM
Built in 1906, this Spanish Colonial style commercial building was owned by John S. Cross and his son, Melton Cross. John came from Louisiana to the border to live with his wife, a former slave, and became a successful businessman and rancher. The . . . — — Map (db m222704) HM
A fine example of late Nineteenth Century South Texas commercial architecture, this building was constructed in 1893 to house the expanding grocery and mercantile, retail and wholesale business of Don Andres Cueto (1862-1927), a native of Spain. "La . . . — — Map (db m195579) HM
Daisy Starck became the first pedestrian on record to be killed by a horse carriage. Her father was Charles W. Starck, whose son Fred Starck and brother-in-law Frank Rabb amassed 42,000 acres of plantation land. The Starck/ Rabb partnership made . . . — — Map (db m221948) HM
If I had with me $100,000 in silver I would have bet the whole of it that no 10,000 men could have driven us from our positions. Mexico - Romulo Diaz de la Vega, general
The [Mexicans] had taken up a position...at a . . . — — Map (db m221152) HM
Physician, Sanitary Engineer, President of the American Medical Association, Surgeon General of the U.S. Army.
William Crawford Gorgas, born in Mobile, Alabama in 1854. Graduated from Bellevue Medical College in New York. Entered the Army . . . — — Map (db m223143) HM
Delia H. Kimbell and her mother, Harriet N. Kimball, died within two days of each other. Both were victims of a Yellow Fever epidemic. Yellow fever and cholera contributed to many deaths throughout Brownsville's early history. The oldest graves date . . . — — Map (db m222157) HM
If you were an American of Hispanic descent during the Civil War, which side would you choose?
Your answer might depend on status, wealth, livelihood, or location. Altogether, more than 20,000 Hispanic soldiers fought in the Civil War. Many were . . . — — Map (db m164601) HM
El Globo Nuevo is a complex consisting of a one-story border brick style storehouse built in 1897 and operated until 1920 by Mexican immigrants Adolfo Garza-Galvan (1856-1923) and his elder brother, Manuel (1847-1926), and a free-standing folk . . . — — Map (db m222709) HM
Built 1906-1912 in the Market Square district, it is one of the few remaining buildings that composed the core of Market Square. This commercial building at one time housed the Park Hotel in its two upper floors, while the first floor was . . . — — Map (db m195616) HM
Emilio Forto managed the properties of James Stillman for over forty years. He served as mayor and sheriff (1892), Cameron County Judge, was a banker and served on the Brownsville School Board (1892). He founded the Brownsville Country Club and . . . — — Map (db m221950) HM
María Estéfana Goseascochea de Cavazos y de Cortina established this burial ground on her property by the mid-1800s. Doña Estéfana, as she was known, was a large landowner and matriarch of noted pioneer families in south Texas. Born in Ciudad . . . — — Map (db m220994) HM
You are currently standing north of the core battlefield area. To listen to the historical narrative of the battle and learn more about ongoing preservation efforts of the cultural and natural resources located in this National Historic Landmark, . . . — — Map (db m164595) HM
I tried to rise, but I had already grown so weak with my wound that I was unable and I fell back exhausted...a wounded Mexican call[ed] out to me ‘Bueno Americano’...Two hours after, I had the pleasure of shaking some of my comrades by the hand, . . . — — Map (db m221161) HM
Father Pierre Yves Keralum was born in France in 1817, and worked as both a cabinetmaker and an architect before entering the seminary at the age of 28.
In 1852 he was ordained an Oblate of Mary Immaculate (O.M.I.) and sent to deep south Texas . . . — — Map (db m119431) HM
Built 1850 by Wm. C. Douglas, who arrived with Gen. Zachary Taylor during Mexican War.
In 1852 by order of U. S. Congress, first Federal Court in Brownsville was held in back room here by Judge John Watrous.
Recorded Texas . . . — — Map (db m202024) HM
(English)
Established 1880-1894 by Miguel Fernandez, a wealthy Spanish merchant, this was a bone and hide yard built to cater to the Texas Gulf Coast cattle industry. Built in the Border Brick style, it is one of the few remaining . . . — — Map (db m119297) HM
English: This complex, which includes several buildings, was built in the late 19th century by H.M. Field. Andres Pacheco purchased the site in 1919. The corner store – residence is an excellent example of the Spanish colonial . . . — — Map (db m131199) HM
English: Built 1893-1894 for Henry M. Field, the commercial and residential complex covers half a block. The two-story gallery, spindle cornice and railings indicate that the building is a mix of Border Brick style and French Creole . . . — — Map (db m131197) HM
Built in 1927 by the Kelwood Company, the Gothic Revival style church features Gothic arches and windows, an irregularly arranged tower and bays. The church's bell was donated in 1876 by Captain Richard King who married Henrietta, Rev. Hiram . . . — — Map (db m221401) HM
This church organized by the Rev. Hiram Chamberlain and 19 charter members in 1850, is Brownsville's oldest Presbyterian congregation. Services were held on a river boat and in several sanctuaries before this structure was built by the San Antonio . . . — — Map (db m221399) HM
Oldest permanent fort in Texas called Fort Taylor in March, 1846 Later renamed in honor of Major Jacob Brown killed here in May, 1846 Permanent post established, 1849 Evacuated by Federal troops in 1861; by Confederates, 1863 Reoccupied by . . . — — Map (db m222837) HM
Morgue and linen storage. 1867 Fort Brown buildings 85 and 86. Brick fringe, cornice.
Autopsies in yellow fever study were made here by Dr. Wm. C. Gorgas, Capt. Hennessey, Lt. Crowder, Dr. Melon, defying orders of superior officer. Dr. Gorgas . . . — — Map (db m223152) HM
This building, associated with the rebuilding of Fort Brown after the Civil War, housed Cavalry units until World War I, when it served as a quartermaster warehouse and commissary. Closed after World War II, the building was leased by private . . . — — Map (db m223456) HM
The (Fort Brown) Commissary and Guardhouse building was constructed in 1904 as a replacement for the original Fort guardhouse. The main floor contained a guardroom and offices as well as a gun rack room and cell room. The basement is noted for the . . . — — Map (db m223358) HM
Constructed in 1905 to serve as a food storage facility, this building was abandoned one year later when Fort Brown was closed. Upon reactivation of the post during Mexican border disturbances, the building served as a guardhouse and jail. Among . . . — — Map (db m223452) HM
Erected in 1953 by the city of Brownsville to commemorate the history of Fort Brown.
Oldest U.S. Army Post on the Rio Grande built in 1846 by General Zachary Taylor and named by him in honor of the American hero Major Jacob Brown who . . . — — Map (db m295319) HM
Named by Gen. Zachary Taylor during Mexican War for Maj. Jacob Brown, who died in 1846 defending the post. Permanent 385-acre reservation laid out 1848 by Col Wm. Davenport, around original earthworks.
Young officers in the Taylor occupancy . . . — — Map (db m222880) HM
Fort Taylor, renamed Fort Brown, May 17, 1846, in honor of Major Jacob Brown, 7th Infantry, who died here May 9, 1846, in its defense. Garrisoned by the 7th Infantry with Companies "I" 2nd Art. and "E" 3rd Artillery. Original dimensions: Earthwork . . . — — Map (db m277048) HM
Francisco Yturria was the son of a captain in the Spanish Army in Matamoros. He married Felicitas Treviño, a Spanish land grantee. He started as a clerk for Charles Stillman and worked for Mifflin Kenedy and Richard King. During the Civil War he . . . — — Map (db m221962) HM
Frank Rabb (1866-1932) was born in Corpus Christi to Texas ranching pioneers John and Martha Rabb. After marrying Lillian Starck, granddaughter of ranching neighbor Mifflin Kenedy, Frank and Lillian settled at San Tomas on 20,000 acres. Except for . . . — — Map (db m165625) HM
Built in 1848 for J.E. Garey and Company, this structure under subsequent ownership has housed a "drinking house", boutique and was the residence of Brownsville's first mayor, Robert S. Leman. The Gem is an excellent local example of mid-19th . . . — — Map (db m295341) HM
Built in 1848, the building is one of the first brick commercial structures built in Brownsville. John Garey, the contract builder for the Port Isabel Lighthouse, purchased a share in the property from the Brownsville Township Company, Garey used . . . — — Map (db m295342) HM
En toda probabilidad este es el edificio más antiguo de Brownsville fue construido en 1848 para el Sr. J.E. Garey. Después el Sr. R.S. Leman, el primer alcalde de Brownsville, tomó residencia aquí. También se estableció como el salón . . . — — Map (db m295347) HM
The chaparral was so thick that the troops had to use pickaxes just to clear a spot to stand and our own officers could not locate each other or their troops without reaching out and touching them. Mexico - Campaña contra los . . . — — Map (db m221174) HM
Built in 1867 by architect and builder Martin Hanson, the Gothic Revival style house served as his family residence. Prominent features include the decorative trim and the arched gallery across the main facade. Mr. Hanson served as a city . . . — — Map (db m223571) HM
Jewish settlers came to the Brownsville/Matamoros area in the mid-1840s. In 1868 one-half acre of land next to the City Cemetery was purchased by the Hebrew Benevolent Society from Charles Stillman for $1. Victims of an 1858 yellow fever epidemic, . . . — — Map (db m222665) HM
Established in 1868 by the Hebrew Benevolent Society, the Hebrew Cemetery encompasses approximately a quarter of an acre and in accordance with Jewish law, it does not have any above ground crypts or mausoleums. Prior to its establishment, the local . . . — — Map (db m222667) HM
Merchant and Brownsville native Frederick Hicks and his second wife, social worker Zuleika Banton Blackshear of Dublin, Texas, built this house circa 1909. Three years later they sold the house to Harry and Nellie Moler, who lived here eight years. . . . — — Map (db m221296) HM
Edgar and Goldye Hicks bought this property from the Brownsville Land and Investment Co. in 1908. Their house was one of the first built in west Brownsville, the first subdivision outside the original townsite. The Queen Anne style house features a . . . — — Map (db m221295) HM
Back in 1865, the weary soldiers fighting over this rough terrain probably gave little thought to the price of cotton. But their commanders did.
Throughout the war, wagonloads of the South's "white gold” streamed into the Rio Grande Valley . . . — — Map (db m164600) HM
Built in 1950, the Hinojosa House is located within Los Ebanos, a subdivision named after the native Texas Ebony trees that are common in the area. Developed in the 1920s by Los Ebanos Estates Inc., Los Ebanos was the first subdivision in . . . — — Map (db m221292) HM
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